Neuroscience

Neuroscience Antibodies and Assays Projected to Witness Vigorous Expansion by 2020-2025 – Eurowire

Neuroscience Antibodies and Assays Market 2020-2025 report offers a comprehensive valuation of the marketplace. The report examines factors influencing growth of the market along with detailing of the key trends, drivers, restraints, regional trends, and opportunities. Moreover, Reports Intellect provides a competitive landscape to the companies and their strategic developments. Each segment is examined carefully by articulating in sales, revenue and market size in order to understand the potential of growth and scope.

The main purpose of this report is to provide up-to-date information relating to the Neuroscience Antibodies and Assays market and discover all the opportunities for enlargement in the market. The report offers an in-depth study on industry size, shares, demand & supply analysis, sales volume and value analysis of various firms along with segmentation analysis related to significant geographies. This information helps business planners to perform, analyze, or study the market at a minute level. The report not only explores the historic phase of the market, but also analyzes present Neuroscience Antibodies and Assays market status to provide reliable and precise forecast estimation for trends, consumption, sales, and profitability.

Get PDF Sample Copy of this Report to understand the structure of the complete report: (Including Full TOC, List of Tables & Figures, Chart) @ https://www.marketresearchhub.com/enquiry.php?type=S&repid=2609429&source=atm

Our team analysts have used advanced primary and secondary research techniques and tools to compile this report using top-down and bottom-up approaches and further analyzed using analytical tools. The report offers effective guidelines and recommendations for players to secure a position of strength in the market. New players can also use this research study to create business strategies and get informed about future market challenges. We provide a comprehensive competitive analysis which includes detailed company profiling of leading players, a study on the nature and characteristics of the vendor landscape, and other important studies.

The major players profiled in this report include:AbcamBio-Rad LaboratoriesCell Signaling TechnologyRocheMerck KGaATecan GroupThermo Fisher Scientific

Do You Have Any Query Or Specific Requirement? Ask to Our Industry [emailprotected] https://www.marketresearchhub.com/enquiry.php?type=E&repid=2609429&source=atm

Why us:

The end users/applications and product categories analysis:On the basis of product, this report displays the sales volume, revenue (Million USD), product price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into-General Type

On the basis on the end users/applications, this report focuses on the status and outlook for major applications/end users, sales volume, market share and growth rate of Neuroscience Antibodies and Assays for each application, including-Medical

You can Buy This Report from Here @ https://www.marketresearchhub.com/checkout?rep_id=2609429&licType=S&source=atm

Reasons to Buy

Contact Us:

marketresearchhub

Tel: +1-518-621-2074

USA-Canada Toll Free: 866-997-4948

Email: [emailprotected]

About marketresearchhub

marketresearchhub is the one stop online destination to find and buy market research reports & Industry Analysis. We fulfil all your research needs spanning across industry verticals with our huge collection of market research reports. We provide our services to all sizes of organisations and across all industry verticals and markets. Our Research Coordinators have in-depth knowledge of reports as well as publishers and will assist you in making an informed decision by giving you unbiased and deep insights on which reports will satisfy your needs at the best price.

Continued here:
Neuroscience Antibodies and Assays Projected to Witness Vigorous Expansion by 2020-2025 - Eurowire

Neuroscience

Jim Hudspeth: How Do We Hear And How Do We Lose Our Ability To Hear? – NPR

Part 2 of the TED Radio Hour episode Sound And Silence

Over 30 million people in the U.S. have hearing loss. Neuroscientist Jim Hudspeth explains how the ear's thousands of hair cells function to amplify soundand how they can be damaged but not repaired.

About Jim Hudspeth

Jim Hudspeth is a professor of sensory neuroscience at The Rockefeller University and an investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, where he studies the neural mechanisms of hearing and pursues treatments for hearing loss. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Among his numerous awards, he received the 2018 Kavli Prize in Neuroscience.

Originally from Houston, Texas, Hudspeth received his Ph.D and M.D., as well as his B.A. and M.A., from Harvard University.

See original here:
Jim Hudspeth: How Do We Hear And How Do We Lose Our Ability To Hear? - NPR

Neuroscience

Distinguished professor emerita of psychology dies at 70 – Binghamton University Pipe Dream

Linda Spear, 70, a distinguished professor emerita of psychology at Binghamton University, died on Tuesday, Oct. 13 due to complications associated with glioblastoma, according to a Binghamton University Dateline announcement.

The professor emerita received her bachelors degree in psychology from Western Illinois University, and her masters and doctorate degrees in psychology with a minor in neuroscience from the University of Florida.

Spear, who retired in August, began her BU academic career in 1976 as an adjunct and assistant professor of psychology. She went on to become an associate professor in 1983 and a full professor in 1988, specializing in behavioral neuroscience. In 1998, Spear was designated a SUNY distinguished professor.

Spears research often centered around developmental psychopharmacology, specifically neurobehavioral function during adolescence as well as the short and long term effects of alcohol and drug abuse during adolescence, according to the BU Dateline announcement. Spears research interests included the impact of stressors on alcohol sensitivity during development and alcohol drinking in a social context.

According to a 2014 interview with the American Psychological Association (APA), Spears work was motivated by her concerns about the culture of alcohol consumption among college students.

One issue that I am particularly concerned about is that many people, including college students, think that individuals who can hold their liquor and who dont act particularly inebriated after a night of drinking are relatively protected from later alcohol problems when compared with those who become intoxicated more quickly, Spear said. The opposite is actually the case.

In addition to her work as a professor, Spear had served as founding director of BUs Developmental Exposure Alcohol Research Center (DEARC), a collaborative alcohol research center that seeks to understand the functional and neural effects of alcohol exposure throughout brain development. In 2011, Spear served as its scientific director, also taking on the position of training director in 2017. Throughout her time, Spear was awarded over $4.6 million dollars from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) in funding for the DEARC.

Spear earned numerous awards during her time at BU, as well as nearly $15 million in funding from federal sources. Some of Spears honors include the Research Society on Alcoholism (RSA) Lifetime Achievement Award and the Chancellors Research Recognition Award, a SUNY-wide award for excellence in research and creative achievement.

Spear will be remembered as a symbol of inspiration in the field of STEM for women, according to Lisa Savage, chair of the psychology department.

She not only shaped the trajectory of developmental neuroscience at [BU] but was a pioneer for women in STEM who steered the field of developmental exposure to drugs abuse, Savage said.

David Jentsch, a psychology professor at BU, tweeted his condolences on Oct. 13.

All that knew her recognized her exceptional gifts as a scientist, mentor, leader and colleague, Jentsch wrote. She will be deeply missed. My condolences to her family, friends, past trainees and other loved ones.

Donations in Spears memory can be made to Plan International, a development and humanitarian organization that advances childrens rights and equality for girls, at https://www.planusa.org/donate.

Students in need of counseling services or support can contact the University Counseling Center at 607-777-2772 and the Office of the Dean of Students at 607-777-2804. Faculty and staff in need of support can contact the Employee Assistance Program any time of day at 1-800-822-0244.

Visit link:
Distinguished professor emerita of psychology dies at 70 - Binghamton University Pipe Dream

Neuroscience

MedDiet linked to improved cognition, but not dementia benefits, in updated review – Clinical Daily News – McKnight’s Long Term Care News

An updated review confirms that adherence to the much-studied Mediterranean diet offers some protection against cognitive decline, though not dementia, investigators say.

Qualifying studies showed that the diet is associated with improved overall cognition. But research results are mixed for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimers disease, reported Stefania Maggi, M.D., Ph.D., of Italys National Research Council, Neuroscience InstituteAging Branch. In addition, there was no evidence that it has a beneficial effect on dementia, Maggi and colleagues wrote.

The diverse measures and methods used by researchers who study the diet make it difficult to make broad conclusions, but the current evidence is enough to underscore that the Mediterranean diet can be considered part of a multifactorial approach to improve late-life cognitive function, the researchers concluded.

The traditional Mediterranean diet includes large amounts of fresh fruits, vegetables, beans and grains, as well as olive oil and nuts. Dairy products, eggs, fish and poultry are eaten in low to moderate amounts, according to the American Heart Association.

A study published last year in Nutritional Neuroscience found that U.S. seniors who eat more of the foods found in a Mediterranean diet are less likely to show symptoms of cognitive decline.

The current study was published in JAMDA.

Continue reading here:
MedDiet linked to improved cognition, but not dementia benefits, in updated review - Clinical Daily News - McKnight's Long Term Care News

Neuroscience

Duke in the News: Faculty on the Election, COVID-Testing and Ecosystem Collapse – Duke Today

Duke scholars daily share their expertise with the media on stories of major global, state and local importance, including the COVID-19 pandemic and the election. Scholars this week appeared in news outlets including Bloomberg, Forbes and The Guardian.

Read the daily media coverage featuring Dukes people and research on the universitys news site.

Here are highlights from the past week:

The Ugliness of Racism, White Identity Politics and the Current Election

Features the work of Ashley Jardina, a white identity scholar and political scientist at Duke. The story quotes from Jardinas 2019 book White Identity Politics, in which she found that about 40 percent of white Americans felt that their white identity is important to them and that this group partly overlaps with the group of white Americans who hold racist views.

As Election Nears, Pentagon Leaders Goal of Staying Out of Elections Is Tested

Features comments by political science professor Peter Feaver, a scholar on civil-military relations. He said the Trump campaigns decision to run its recent advertisement showing the president with senior uniformed officers was problematic. Im sure (the officers) are uncomfortable with this and dont like the appearance, even though theyre not allowed to say it, Feaver said.

Rapid COVID Test Effort Stumbles Over Risk of False Positives

Quotes Dr. Mark McClellan, director of the Duke-Margolis Center for Health Policy and a former top official at the FDA. McClellan pointed out that Nevada antigen tests had detected many true positives, which could have sparked outbreaks and might not otherwise have been detected in time. Averting even one nursing home outbreak is a huge economic and health benefit, he said.

Fifth of Nations at Risk of Ecosystem Collapse, Analysis Finds

Quotes Alexander Pfaff, a professor in the Sanford School of Public Policy. Societies, from local to global, can do much better when we not only acknowledge the importance of contributions from nature as this index is doing but also take that into account in our actions, private and public, he says.

The Best Way to Promote Your Research

Quotes professor Gary G. Bennett, a professor of psychology and neuroscience and vice provost for undergraduate education. In my professional organization, there are many folks on Twitter, and I followed all of them and they followed me, says Bennett. That was a built-in audience.

Go here to see the original:
Duke in the News: Faculty on the Election, COVID-Testing and Ecosystem Collapse - Duke Today

Neuroscience

Monkey study suggests that they, like humans, may have ‘self-domesticated’ – Newswise

Newswise It's not a coincidence that dogs are cuter than wolves, or that goats at a petting zoo have shorter horns and friendlier demeanors than their wild ancestors. Scientists call this "domestication syndrome" -- the idea that breeding out aggression inadvertently leads to physical changes, including floppier ears, shorter muzzles and snouts, curlier tails, paler fur, smaller brains, and more.

The link appears to come from certain neural crest cells, present before birth and in newborns, that have a versatility akin to stem cells. These neural crest cells can turn into a handful of different things, specifically adrenal cells -- which boost the strength of the "fight or flight" response -- as well as physical traits like larger teeth and stiffer ears.

Ever since Darwin's time, some scientists have speculated that humans "self-domesticated" -- that we chose less aggressive and more helpful partners, with the result that we have shifted the trajectory of our own evolution.

"The evidence for this has been largely circumstantial," saidAsif Ghazanfar,a professor of psychology and neuroscience. "It's really a popular and exciting idea but one that lacks direct evidence, a link between friendly behavior and other features of domestication."

To see if the story could be put on a robust foundation, Ghazanfar turned to marmoset monkeys. Like humans, marmosets are extremely social and cooperative, plus they have several of the physical markers consistent with domestication, including a patch of white fur on their foreheads that is common in domesticated mammals.

What does cooperation look like in a monkey? Friendly vocal exchanges, caring for each other's young, and sharing food, among other signs, said Ghazanfar.

The research team showed that the size of a marmoset's white fur patch was strongly related to how frequently it produced friendly vocal responses to another. This is the first set of data to show an association between a friendly behavior and a physical domestication trait in individual animals.

To show a causal link between the white patch and vocal behavior, the researchers tested infant twins in different ways. In very brief sessions, one twin got reliable vocal feedback from a simulated parent -- a computer programmed with adult calls that responded to 100% of their vocalizations -- while the other twin only heard parental responses to 10% of their sounds.

These experimental sessions lasted 40 minutes, every other day, for most of the first 60 days of the monkeys' lives. For the other 23+ hours of each day, the monkeys were with their families.

In previous work, Ghazanfar and his colleagues showed that the infants who received more feedback learned to speak -- or more precisely,developed their adult-sounding calls-- faster than their siblings. By also measuring the white fur patches on the developing monkeys' foreheads at the same time and for three more months, the researchers discovered that the rate of the white facial coloration development was also accelerated by increased parental vocal responses. This shows a developmental connection between facial fur coloration and vocal development -- they are both influenced by parents.

That connection may be via those neural crest cells that can turn into "fight or flight" cells and that also contribute to parts of the larynx, which is necessary for producing vocalizations.

Domestication in other species has also been linked to changes in vocal behavior. Foxes selected for tameness have altered their vocalizations in response to the presence of humans. Similarly, a tame Bengalese finch learns and produces a more complex song, and retains greater song plasticity in adulthood, than its wild cousins.

But this is the first study linking the degree of a social trait with the size of a physical sign of domestication, in any species, said the researchers. Their findings are detailed in an article published online in the journalCurrent Biology. Ghazanfar's co-authors include Daniel Takahashi, a former postdoctoral researcher who is now a professor of neuroscience at Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; Rebecca Terrett of the Class of 2016; Lauren Kelly, Ghazanfar's former lab manager, who now works at Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; and two collaborators from New York University, James Higham and Sandra Winters.

"If you change the rate of the marmosets' vocal development, then you change the rate of fur coloration," said Ghazanfar. "It's both a fascinating and strange set of results!"

###

"Domestication Phenotype Linked to Vocal Behavior in Marmoset Monkeys," by Asif A. Ghazanfar, Lauren M. Kelly, Daniel Y. Takahashi, Sandra Winters, Rebecca Terrett, James P. Higham was published inCurrent Biologyon Oct. 15. The research was supported by a National Institutes of Health-National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke grant to A.A.G. (R01NS054898).

More:
Monkey study suggests that they, like humans, may have 'self-domesticated' - Newswise

Neuroscience

Study: PoNS neurostimulation with intensive rehabilitation may stimulate neuroplasticity – News-Medical.Net

Reviewed by Emily Henderson, B.Sc.Oct 15 2020

A recently published scientific study led by the Centre for Neurology Studies at HealthTech Connex and a research team from Simon Fraser University (SFU), reports the latest breakthroughs from Project Iron Soldier. Captain (retired) Trevor Greene, who was attacked with an axe to the head while serving in Afghanistan, continues to push conventional limits in brain health recovery.

The research study published in Frontiers of Human Neuroscience is led by neuroscientist Dr. Ryan D'Arcy, and involves tracking Capt. Greene's neuroplasticity and his physical, cognitive and PTSD improvements as he rewires his brain using the latest and most advanced brain technologies.

Capt. Greene and Dr. D'Arcy recounted their remarkable progress and showcased their mission to lead scientific breakthroughs in neuroplasticity through a recent TEDx talk

In 2006, retired Canadian soldier Capt. Greene survived a severe brain injury when he was attacked with an axe to the head, during his combat tour in Afghanistan. He spent years in various therapies and rehabilitation, and in 2009, he started working with Dr. D'Arcy. In 2015, the B.C. and Yukon Command of the Royal Canadian Legion helped outfit Trevor with a robotic exoskeleton, which helped him continue re-learning to walk.

Called Project Iron Soldier, this exciting initiative was the inspiration to develop the Legion Veterans Village, a $312M Centre of Excellence for PTSD, mental health and rehabilitation dedicated to veterans and first responders (currently under construction in Surrey).

Capt. Greene and the Project Iron Soldier research team have continued with intensive daily rehabilitation, but the team experienced an extended plateau in progress using conventional therapy alone.

To breakthrough the plateau, the Centre for Neurology Studies launched an intensive 14-week trial using the Portable Neuromodulation Stimulator (or PoNS). The PoNS is a neurostimulation technology that sends a series of small electrical impulses to the brain through the tongue (known as translingual neurostimulation) to safely facilitate neuroplasticity.

The team tracked improvements in brain vital sign improvements using NeuroCatch Platform (or NeuroCatch). NeuroCatch is a rapid objective measure of cognitive brain function.

When Trevor experienced a plateau in his rehabilitation, we tried intensive conventional treatment approaches, but to no avail. It was only after combining in the PoNS with this rehabilitation therapy that we could break through these latest barriers and demonstrate significant improvements in his brain vital sign measurements."

Dr. Ryan D'Arcy, Co-Founder, HealthTech Connex and Professor, Simon Fraser University

The newly published results in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience demonstrate that PoNS neurostimulation, paired with intensive rehabilitation, may stimulate neuroplasticity to overcome an extended recovery plateau as objectively measured by NeuroCatch and other brain scanning technologies. The main findings were:

Capt. Greene showed significant gains in clinical outcome measures for physical therapy, even after 14 years since the axe attack. Capt. Greene and his wife Debbie Greene also reported notable and lasting improvements in cognition and PTSD symptoms.

Capt. Greene showed significant brain vital sign improvements in cognitive function, particularly in auditory sensation (as measured by the N100 response), basic attention (as measured by P300 response), and cognitive processing (as measured by N400 response).

Says Capt. Greene, "I first saw the power of neuroplasticity in the early days when Ryan showed me MRI images of my brain showing healthy brain tissue taking over for the damaged bits. Later on, I saw the full power of the PoNS device when I got demonstrably stronger, steadier and more coordinated after using it regularly for just a few weeks. It's really been a game changer for me and my family."

"Trevor's amazing progress is no doubt pushing the frontiers of medical science by overcoming perceived limits of brain recovery," says Dr. Shaun Fickling, the study's lead author who completed his PhD at Simon Fraser University.

"These brain imaging results provide valuable insight into the importance of unleashing the power of neuroplasticity to inspire countless people impacted by brain and mental health conditions."

Dr. D'Arcy concludes, "These neuro-technology breakthroughs have considerable impacts to inspire many of us to push beyond conventional limits in neurological and mental health recovery."

Source:

Journal reference:

Fickling, S. D., et al. (2020) Brain Vital Signs Detect Cognitive Improvements During Combined Physical Therapy and Neuromodulation in Rehabilitation From Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Case Report. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.00347.

Originally posted here:
Study: PoNS neurostimulation with intensive rehabilitation may stimulate neuroplasticity - News-Medical.Net

Physiology

Physiology in PCI: It’s Not That Simple – MedPage Today

Coronary physiology flopped in several studies for determining whether to defer invasive procedures and in optimizing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), researchers reported, suggesting there's more to learn.

"We need to pay more attention to the precise physiology of what we're measuring and what it means," said K. Lance Gould, MD, of McGovern Medical School at UTHealth in Houston.

One group found that routine use of computed tomography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) did not shave healthcare costs in people with stable chest pain, whereas another reported that operators taking extra steps during stenting did not achieve more optimal FFRs after PCI.

Finally, an observational study showed that coronary flow reserve (CFR) couldn't trump FFR at current thresholds in deciding which patients may defer revascularization.

The three studies were presented during the same late-breaking trial session at this year's TCT Connect, held virtually by the Cardiovascular Research Foundation.

FORECAST

Resource utilization was about the same whether chest pain clinics in the U.K. adopted routine FFRCT as a frontline test or continued usual care, according to a randomized trial.

Total medical costs -- counting the cost of non-invasive cardiac tests, invasive coronary angiography (ICA), revascularization, hospitalization for cardiac events, cardiac medications, and outpatient attendances -- averaged 1,605.50 at 9 months for people randomly assigned to frontline FFRCT testing vs 1,491.46 in controls (or median 600 vs 670, P=0.962).

There was no difference between groups in clinical outcomes nor quality-of-life status at that point, according to Nick Curzen, PhD, of the University of Southampton in England.

Thus, the results contradict U.K. guidelines, which recommend coronary CT angiography and HeartFlow FFRCT together as a cost-saving strategy based on National Institute for Health and Care Excellence projections.

FFRCT is FFR derived from coronary CT angiography, thus providing anatomical and physiological information, and is thought to be a safe way to select patients for subsequent invasive testing and treatment of angina.

"The real crux of FFRCT is can it save money? We can, but not by doing it so freely," Curzen concluded at a press conference.

For the FORECAST study, investigators had 1,400 people presenting to 11 chest pain clinics in the U.K. randomized to the test group getting routine FFRCT or usual care. Median age was around 60 years, and just over half of the participants were men.

Coronary CT angiography use was 96% in the test group and 66% in the reference group. Total ICA tests were 14% lower in the test group (P=0.02), which also had 22% fewer patients undergoing ICAs (P=0.01).

On closer inspection, the test group had coronary CT angiography alone in 64.9% of cases, as most people had no lesions with >40% stenosis. Another 31.5% actually went on to receive FFRCT assessment. None underwent stress echocardiography, perfusion scanning, stress MRI, exercise ECG, or ICA testing.

In contrast, the reference group had patients stop at coronary CT angiography in 61.4% of cases. Dozens received the other non-invasive and invasive tests.

Nevertheless, ICAs and revascularizations were not reduced enough by the FFRCT strategy to make it cost-dominant, Curzen said.

TARGET-FFR

Operators following a physiology-guided incremental optimization strategy did not see an improvement in the number of patients coming out of PCI with optimal FFRs, one center reported.

After angiographically successful PCI, FFR was 0.90 in 32% of patients, 0.81-0.89 in 39%, and 0.80 in 29%, according to Damien Collison, MD, of Golden Jubilee National Hospital and University of Glasgow in Scotland.

Patients randomized to further intervention to boost FFR wound up with 38.1% achieving FFR 0.90, which was statistically no better than the 28.1% of controls (P=0.099). However, the proportion of patients with a final FFR 0.80 was lower in the intervention group (18.6% vs 29.8%, P=0.045).

Collison noted that it is rare for operators to assess PCI results using FFR.

"It's shocking to see so few patients who meet the criteria for optimal physiology at the end of the procedure," said the moderator of the press conference, Roxana Mehran, MD, of Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City.

Chad Rammohan, MD, of Mountain View Center in California, agreed: It's "a little sobering" to realize that 30% of patients at a good center are still ischemic at the end of PCI, with an FFR below 0.80. The study moves the field toward optimization and using imaging to make PCI results more durable, he said.

The small TARGET-FFR trial was conducted at a single center. Included were 260 people who had angiographically successful PCI before randomization to physiology-guided PCI optimization or usual care.

Operators following the intervention algorithm performed further post-dilation, intracoronary imaging, additional stenting depending on coronary physiology results, and hyperemic pullback assessment.

Further optimization was targeted in 46% of the intervention group. Two-thirds of these patients were deemed appropriate for additional post-dilation and/or stenting.

In these 40 patients who actually received PCI optimization, mean FFR increased from 0.76 to 0.82 (P<0.00) and mean coronary flow reserve was boosted from 3.0 to 4.0 (P=0.02).

Mehran cautioned that perfect is the enemy of the good, as performing extra procedures in PCI may run the risk of cardiac perforation.

DEFINE-FLOW

FFR-positive patients did not have good clinical outcomes if they had PCI deferred due to a negative CFR result, according to an observational study of combined CFR and FFR assessment.

A treatment algorithm for 455 people with stable coronary lesions dictated that only those who had abnormally low FFR (0.8 or below) and CFR (below 2) would receive PCI, with all others receiving initial medical therapy, Gould reported.

Resulting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) rates, counting all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and revascularization, revealed that outcomes were not equal among patients at 2 years:

The 10.8% MACE rate of the FFR+/CFR- group was not as good as the 5.8% rate for FFR-/CFR- (P=0.065 for non-inferiority), Gould reported.

"Trust the FFR" was Rammohan's take-away in discussing the DEFINE-FLOW study at a press conference.

Gould suggested the possibility that reduced FFR and CFR together may still incur additive risk, just at lower thresholds than the ones used for this study. Large randomized trials are needed with thresholds that may actually result in a decrease in morbidity and mortality, he said.

CFR is the ratio between resting and maximal possible coronary blood flow. This measure fails to distinguish flow-limiting stenosis from diffuse or microvascular disease, Gould noted.

Mechanisms controlling coronary blood flow are complex, with physiology differing between the subepicardium and the subendocardium. For instance, high flow may be good for the former but not the latter, he said.

Last Updated October 16, 2020

Nicole Lou is a reporter for MedPage Today, where she covers cardiology news and other developments in medicine. Follow

Disclosures

FORECAST was funded by an unrestricted grant from HeartFlow.

TARGET FFR was funded by the U.K.'s NHS.

DEFINE-FLOW was funded by Philips.

Curzen reported a financial relationship with HeartFlow.

Collison reported financial relationships with Abbott Medical and MedAlliance.

Gould had no disclosures.

See the article here:
Physiology in PCI: It's Not That Simple - MedPage Today

Physiology

Enrollment open for paramedic courses in Fairview and Alva – Enid News & Eagle

FAIRVIEW, Okla. Northwest Technology Center is enrolling students in its paramedic training program.

The program is for adult students with an EMT credential and a high school diploma or GED. Classes begin April 20, 2021, and run through June 21, 2022. The 14-month program is 1,210 hours and prepares students to "perform comprehensive patient assessments and advanced emergency procedures all in a pre-hospital setting," according to a press release.

Prior to acceptance into the course, an EMT certification must be obtained and completion of an anatomy and physiology class is required. Anatomy and physiology can be taken at Northwest Technology Center. It begins Feb. 2, 2021, and runs through April 15. "It is strongly recommended that students take this anatomy and physiology class even if a credit for the class has been obtained elsewhere," according to the press release.

"Several job opportunities are available to those in the field, including ambulance and fire services, clinics and hospitals, air medical services and many others," according to the press release. "Higher paying job opportunities are available, paramedics in Oklahoma can make $33,000-$52,000 per year, as well as opportunities to provide better service to the community."

Program instructor Lisa Dyer, who teaches the paramedic program at Kiamichi Technology Center, will walk students through 11 courses via distance learning. The training is delivered through distance learning and the skills portion of the training will be taught with an in-person instructor at the Fairview campus.

Applications for the program are open through March 1, 2021. Along with the application, immunization records, personal health history, physical examination and students work references must be submitted, and applicants must pass a physical ability assessment.

In-district tuition is $4,230 for the 14-month program. Out-of-district tuition is $6,410. Financial aid assistance is available to those who qualify. For more information, go to http://www.nwtech.edu or call (580) 327-0344 in Alva or (580) 227-3708 in Fairview.

We are making critical coverage of the coronavirus available for free. Please consider subscribing so we can continue to bring you the latest news and information on this developing story.

Read the original here:
Enrollment open for paramedic courses in Fairview and Alva - Enid News & Eagle

Physiology

These Are the 57 Women Who Have Won the Nobel Prize – Newsweek

With 2020 Nobel prizes going so far to Andrea Ghez for physics, Jennifer A. Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier for chemistry, and Louise Glck for literature, there are now 57 women who have been awarded a Nobel Prize out of the more than 900 recipients. One womanMarie Curiereceived two Nobel prizes.

To highlight all the winners, Stacker turned to data from the Nobel Prize website. These women have made outstanding contributions to the worlds of medicine, science, art, and peace-keeping. Just reaching this height of fame and recognition meant facing seemingly insurmountable challenges. Many women on this list had to contend with extreme sexism in male-dominated professions, but some Nobel Prize winners also had to overcome physical violence. All their stories are unique and equally inspiring.

Nobel committees have distinct methods for deciding winners. The Nobel Peace Prize, for example, is awarded by a five-person committee and anyone who meets the criteria can be nominated. For literature, however, nominations can only be made by qualified people. Despite the different nominating and selection processes, two rules apply to all awards: No person can nominate themself, and the names of the nominators and the nominees cannot be revealed until 50 years after winners are announced.

Read on to learn about these women's exciting contributions to society, from helpful advancements in the HIV epidemic to the abolition of landmines toin the case of Andrea Ghezpioneering research on the Milky Way's supermassive black hole.

You may also like: 50 most peaceful countries in the world

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physics- Year: 1903

Marie Curie, who was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, coined the term "radioactivity." In 1903, she and her husband won the Nobel Prize for Physics for their study into spontaneous radiation. They share the award with Antoine Henri Becquerel for his discovery of radioactivity.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1905

Referred to as the "generalissimo of the peace movement," this Austrian woman penned an anti-war novel called "Lay Down Your Arms" that won her the Nobel Peace Prize. It was one of the most influential books during the century with a strong anti-militaristic message.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1909

Born in Sweden, Lagerlf won the Nobel Prize in Literature. She's often credited for having a vivid imagination, and she has used stories from her hometown in Vrmland County as inspiration. "Gsta Berling's Saga" was the name of her first novel.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Chemistry- Year: 1911

Marie Curie received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry this year for her further investigation of radium and polonium. She was the first person to receive two Nobel Prizes, and she promoted the use of radium in the First World War to treat soldiers who were injured.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1926

This Italian writer who lived in Rome for part of her life earned the Nobel Prize for Literature for stories about life on her native island of Sardinia. She also developed some of her characters based on people she knew in real life.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1928

The Second World War and the Nazi invasion forced this writer to flee Norway, but she returned when the war was over. She was born in Denmark and wrote a trilogy about life in Scandinavia during the Middle Ages, called "Kristin Lavransdatter."

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1931

Born in Cedarville, Ill., Jane Addams was a social worker and a feminist. She stood at the forefront of the settlement house movement in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and was the first American woman to receive the Nobel Peace Prize.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Chemistry- Year: 1935

Born in Paris, this French scientist was the daughter of Nobel winners Marie Curie and Pierre Curie. Jointly with her husband, Joliot-Curie was awarded the Nobel for discovering artificial radioactivity. Her research was an important step in the discovery of uranium fission.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1938

Pearl Buck, who was born in West Virginia, began writing in the '20s. She was the daughter of missionaries and spent most of her life before 1934 in Zhenjiang, China. Her novel "The Good Earth" won the Pulitzer Prize in 1932 and was a best-seller.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1945

Mistral is a pseudonym for Lucila Godoy y Alcayaga. She was born in Vicua, Chile, and began to write poetry after her lover, a railway employee, committed suicide. She taught at various universities around the U.S.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1946

Balch was 79 when she received the Nobel. An American economist and sociologist born in Boston, she tackled difficult social issues, from poverty to immigration, that were widespread at the time.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 1947

Born in Prague, Gerty Theresa Cori was a Jewish Austrian American biochemist. She was married to Carl Cori, and the two studied how the body utilizes energy. Both are credited for development of the Cori cycle, an essential part of metabolism.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physics- Year: 1963

Goeppert-Mayer was born in Germany. After she married, she migrated to America, where she worked on an American atom bomb project during World War II. Her work uncovered important discoveries about nuclear structure, and Goeppert-Mayer is one of only two women to win the Nobel Prize in physics.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Chemistry- Year: 1964

Hodgkin was a British chemist whose interest in research began when, as a child, she received a chemistry book containing experiments with crystals. She studied at Oxford University and developed protein crystallography, which advanced the development of X-rays. This earned her the Nobel Prize.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1966

Nelly Sachs was a writer whose experiences during World War II resonated with other Jewish people. She wrote plays and poetry collections, such as "Zeichen im Sand," and did not shy away from difficult subjects, such as the horrors of life in concentration camps.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1976

A peace activist who began working in the Northern Ireland peace movement and later co-founded the Community for Peace People, Mairead Corrigan was born in Belfast. Her sister, who was the Northern Irish secretary, lost three of her children in a shooting incident in Belfast. She and a witness to the crime founded a peace organization to help put the conflict to rest.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1976

Betty Williams was the witness to the killing of Mairead Corrigan's sister's three children, and she jointly shares the Nobel Peace Prize with Corrigan, as the co-founder of the Community for Peace People. An advocate of religious tolerance, Williams is the daughter of a Protestant father and Catholic mother.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 1977

Rosalyn Yalow, a lifelong New Yorker, was a nuclear physicist. She shares the Nobel for the development of the radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique with physician Solomon Berson. The duo proved that type 2 diabetes is caused by the body's inefficient usenot a lackof insulin. RIA can be used to measure hormones in the blood.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1979

Mother Teresa was only 12 when she felt called to God and became a missionary. She joined the convent, then left to work among the slums of Calcutta. Wanting to help, she created the Missionaries of Charity, and by the same year she won her Nobel, there were 158 Missionaries of Charity foundations.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1982

This Swedish diplomat shared the Nobel with Alfonso Garcia Robles, a Mexican diplomat who, like Myrdal, advocated nuclear disarmament. Myrdal worked for the United Nations and for UNESCO.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 1983

By studying the hereditary of corn, such as the different colors of kernels, McClintock proved that genetic elements can sometimes swap into a new position on a chromosome. McClintock, who was from Connecticut, studied at Cornell's College of Agriculture.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 1986

Born in Italy, Rita Levi-Montalcini received the Nobel for her work in neurobiology. She shares the honor jointly with her colleague Stanley Cohen for the discovery of "nerve growth factor" that has shed new light on tumors, wound healing, and other medical problems.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 1988

Gertrude Elion's discoveries of important principles for drug treatment garnered the Nobel for her. Elion had watched her grandfather die of cancer, and she vowed to fight the disease throughout her life. Elion, together with George Hitchingswho shares the award with hercreated a system for drug production that relies heavily on biochemistry.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1991

Nadine Gordimer, a South African child of Jewish immigrants, was a writer who was only 15 when her first literary work was published. But it was her novel, "The Conservationist," for which she was well known. A good portion of her work discussed apartheid.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1991

Aung San Suu Kyi is a modern symbol of freedom for Burma (Myanmar), as she opposes violence, in the spirit of Mahatma Gandhi. She assumed a leading role in opposing Burma's military junta and was a founder of the National League for Democracy.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1992

This Guatemalan Indian-rights activist gained worldwide attention with her book "I, Rigoberta Mench," a memoir that recaps the murders of her brother and mother. She received the Nobel for efforts to achieve social justice in Guatemala.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1993

Toni Morrison's book "Beloved" earned her the Pulitzer Prize and the American Book Award. Born in Ohio, Morrison was a writer whose work often chronicled life in the Black community; she also served as professor emeritus at Princeton University.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 1995

Called "decidedly lazy" by a high school teacher, Christiane Nsslein-Volhard is a geneticist who published her first book for a popular audience, "Coming to Life," in 2006. One of only 12 women to win a Nobel in the sciences, she took the helm of a landmark study that looked at genetic mutations in the fruit fly.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1996

A native of Poland, Wislawa Szymborska was recognized by the Nobel committee for writing poetry that has "ironic precision." Szymborska lived most of her life in Krakow. She attended Jagiellonian University and studied Polish literature.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1997

Jody Williams, born in Vermont, advocates against landmines and is a prominent peace activist. She got her feet wet doing aid work in El Salvador and helped launch an international campaign against landmines.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 2003

Ebadi earned her Nobel for spearheading democracy and furthering human rights, especially as they relate to women, refugees, and children. She's also an Iranian lawyer and the founder of the Defenders of Human Rights Center.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 2004

Buck attributes her mother's interest in puzzles as what ignited the flame for her interest in science. She is an American biologist and Seattle native whose work on olfactory receptors earned her the Nobel, along with Richard Axel.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 2004

Born in Nyeri, Kenya, Wangari Muta Maathai was the first woman in East and Central Africa to receive a doctorate degree. All her work to advance democracy and human rights earned her Nobel. She has spoken in front of the U.N. and at special sessions of the General Assembly.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 2004

Although a social phobia prevented this Austrian author from accepting her Nobel in person, Jelinek has composed famous works such as the novels "The Piano Teacher" and "Lust." She is a critic of modern consumer society and sets out in her work to chronicle the hidden structures of topics such as sexism.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 2007

First published at age 15, Lessing was a visionary novelist, poet, and playwright. She was born in Iran to British parents, later moved to London, and has written 50 books.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 2008

Franoise Barr-Sinoussi made strides against the AIDS epidemic and in advancing treatment for her work with HIV. Barr-Sinoussi shares the Nobel with Luc Montagnier, who discovered a retrovirus in patients marked with swollen lymph glands that attacked lymphocytes.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 2009

Carol Greider, an American molecular biologist, is a professor at Johns Hopkins University. She shares her Nobel with Elizabeth Blackburn and Jack W. Szostak for their studies of the telomere, an enzyme structure at the end of chromosomes that protects it.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 2009

This Romanian-born German writer won the Nobel Prize for writings that showcased the harshness of life in Romania under dictator Nicolae Ceauescu. Themes such as totalitarianism and exile are the threads that permeate her work.

- Award: Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel- Year: 2009

Elinor Ostrom was an American political economist whose groundbreaking research revealed that ordinary people can create guidelines that allow for the sustainable and fair management of shared resources. This discovery earned her the Nobel, which she shared with economist Oliver Williamson, a University of California, Berkeley professor.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 2009

The daughter of two doctors, Blackburn studied the telomere, a structure at the end of chromosomes that protects it. She is responsible for co-discovering telomerase, which is an enzyme that replenishes the telomere. She shares her Nobel with Carol W. Greider and Jack W. Szostak.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Chemistry- Year: 2009

Ada E. Yonath is an Israeli crystallographer best known for her work on the structure of the ribosome, a cellular particle. As a post-doc fellow at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, she started to investigate the structure of ribosomes using X-ray crystallography. Yonath is a member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 2011

Ellen Johnson Sirleaf was the first elected female head of state in Africa. She has written many books and was one of three recipientsalong with Leymah Gbowee and Tawakkol Karman, who won the Nobel for efforts to further women's rights.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 2011

A Yemeni journalist, Karman has been involved in demonstrations and actions critical of the Yemeni regime, where democracy is restricted. She has even been arrested, and murder threats were made on her life. Karman co-founded the group Women Journalists Without Chains to promote freedom of expression and democratic rights.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 2011

This Liberian peace activist is the founder and president of the Gbowee Peace Foundation Africa. She's most recognized for leading a peaceful movement, combining both Christian and Muslim women, to help end Liberia's civil war.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 2013

Most of Munro's books are short story collections. Most of them are set in her home nation of Canada and examine relationships through the lens of everyday events. They are not first person, but most of them reflect her experiences.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 2014

Malala Yousafzai has made a huge impact in Pakistan, demanding gender equality, specifically fighting for girls to be allowed to receive an education. A Taliban gunman shot her in the head when she was coming home from school in 2012, but she survived and won the Nobel Peace Prize two years later, becoming the youngest-ever Nobel laureate.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 2014

May-Britt Moser studied psychology and made a crucial discovery that provided insight on how humans and animals know where they are. Moser found a certain cell that determines one's position; it is close to the hippocampus, centrally located in the brain.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 2015

Excerpt from:
These Are the 57 Women Who Have Won the Nobel Prize - Newsweek