argenx to Report Third Quarter 2020 Financial Results and Business Update on October 22, 2020 – Stockhouse

October 17, 2020 medical

October 15, 2020 Breda, the Netherlands / Ghent, Belgium argenx (Euronext & Nasdaq: ARGX), a global immunology company committed to improving the lives of people suffering from severe autoimmune diseases and cancer, today announced that it will host a conference call and audio webcast on Thursday, October 22, 2020 at 2:30 p.m. CET (8:30 a.m. ET) to discuss its third quarter 2020 financial results and provide a business update.

A webcast of the live call may be accessed on the Investors section of the argenx website at argenx.com/investors. A replay of the webcast will be available on the argenx website for approximately one year following the call.

Dial-in numbers: Please dial in 15 minutes prior to the live call.

Belgium 0800 389 13 France 0805 102 319 Netherlands 0800 949 4506 United Kingdom 0800 279 9489 United States 1 866 270 1533 International 1 412 317 0797

About argenx argenx is a global immunology company committed to improving the lives of people suffering from severe autoimmune diseases and cancer. Partnering with leading academic researchers through its Immunology Innovation Program (IIP), argenx aims to translate immunology breakthroughs into a world-class portfolio of novel antibody-based medicines. argenx is evaluating efgartigimod in multiple serious autoimmune diseases, and cusatuzumab in hematological cancers in collaboration with Janssen. argenx is also advancing several earlier stage experimental medicines within its therapeutic franchises. argenx has offices in Belgium, the United States, and Japan. For more information, visit http://www.argenx.com and follow us on LinkedIn at https://www.linkedin.com/company/argenx/ .

For further information, please contact:

Beth DelGiacco, Vice President, Investor Relations (US) +1 518 424 4980 bdelgiacco@argenx.com

Joke Comijn, Director Corporate Communications & Investor Relations (EU) +32 (0)477 77 29 44 +32 (0)9 310 34 19 jcomijn@argenx.com

Immunology

Research Associate job with UNITED ARAB EMIRATES UNIVERSITY | 229041 – Times Higher Education (THE)

October 17, 2020 medical

Job Description

We offer a research associate/postdoc position in field of Immunology for highly motivated candidate at the department of Biology, College of science, UAE University. In this project, we would like to elucidate the role of the B cells in chronic allergic skin reactions. Characterization of different immune cells involved in allergic skin reactions will be delineated with particular focus on molecular mechanisms.

Minimum Qualification

A successful applicant should have master degree (PhD in case of postdoc) with strong background in Immunology (A must) along with working knowledge of basic techniques like FACS, cell culture, molecular biology and/or bioinformatics. Applicant should be willing to work with animal models. Excellent communication skills, fluency in English and the ability to work independently and together with a team are highly desired. Applicants with above expertise should ONLY apply. The candidates should send their electronic application as single PDF that should include a brief cover letter describing their research experiences related to above field with motivation, CV, and names of two potential referees

Preferred Qualification

M.Sc Life Sciences with major in Immunology

Expected Skills/Rank/Experience

Special Instructions to Applicant

Division College of Science - (COS)

Department Biology - (COS)

Job Close Date 31-01-2021

Job Category Academic - Research Assistant

Salary Salary is commensurate with experience

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Research Associate job with UNITED ARAB EMIRATES UNIVERSITY | 229041 - Times Higher Education (THE)

Cell Biology

Cell Biology Cloud Computing Market with Potential Impact of Coronavirus (COVID19) & Trends That Will Drive Success in 2020 – The Think Curiouser

October 17, 2020 medical

This versatile composition of research derivatives pertaining to diverse concurrent developments in the global Cell Biology Cloud Computing market is poised to induce forward-looking perspectives favoring unfaltering growth stance.

The market research report on the global Cell Biology Cloud Computing industry provides a comprehensive study of the various techniques and materials used in the production of Cell Biology Cloud Computing market products. Starting from industry chain analysis to cost structure analysis, the report analyzes multiple aspects, including the production and end-use segments of the Cell Biology Cloud Computing market products. The latest trends in the pharmaceutical industry have been detailed in the report to measure their impact on the production of Cell Biology Cloud Computing market products.

Understand the influence of COVID-19 on the Cell Biology Cloud Computing Market with our analysts monitoring the situation across the globe.

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Leading key players operating in the global Cell Biology Cloud Computing market are : Accenture, Amazon Web Services, Benchling, Cisco Systems, Dell Emc, IBM, DXC Technology, Oracle, ScaleMatrix, IPERION, NovelBio and among others.

The end users/applications and product categories analysis:

Analysis by Application:Further in the subsequent sections of the report, research analysts have rendered precise judgement regarding the various applications that the Cell Biology Cloud Computing market mediates for superlative end-user benefits.

Analysis by Product Type:This section of the report includes factual details pertaining to the most lucrative segment harnessing revenue maximization.

Regional Outlook for Cell Biology Cloud Computing Market.

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This report comes along with an added Excel data-sheet suite taking quantitative data from all numeric forecasts presented in the report.

Research Methodology: The Cell Biology Cloud Computing market has been analyzed using an optimum mix of secondary sources and benchmark methodology besides a unique blend of primary insights. The contemporary valuation of the market is an integral part of our market sizing and forecasting methodology. Our industry experts and panel of primary members have helped in compiling appropriate aspects with realistic parametric assessments for a comprehensive study.

Whats in the offering: The report provides in-depth knowledge about the utilization and adoption of Cell Biology Cloud Computing Industries in various applications, types, and regions/countries. Furthermore, the key stakeholders can ascertain the major trends, investments, drivers, vertical players initiatives, government pursuits towards the product acceptance in the upcoming years, and insights of commercial products present in the market.

Executive Summary: This particular section of the report lends appropriate focus on various factors such as growth rate, optimum drivers and restraints, competitors as well as trends that define the competition outline.

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Lastly, the Cell Biology Cloud Computing Market study provides essential information about the major challenges that are going to influence market growth. The report additionally provides overall details about the business opportunities to key stakeholders to expand their business and capture revenues in the precise verticals. The report will help the existing or upcoming companies in this market to examine the various aspects of this domain before investing or expanding their business in the Cell Biology Cloud Computing market.

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Cell Biology Cloud Computing Market with Potential Impact of Coronavirus (COVID19) & Trends That Will Drive Success in 2020 - The Think Curiouser

Cell Biology

The Time-resolved Fluorescence Microscope market to Transcend the Covid-19 Barrier from 2021 onwards – PRnews Leader

October 17, 2020 medical

Time-resolved Fluorescence Microscope Market: Introduction

Increasing demand for the advanced, efficient, and high-resolution diagnostic tools in the medical and life science industry leads to significant demand for the fluorescence microscopy. Time-resolved fluorescence microscope seems to be a promising diagnostic tool and have rapid and fast analysis ability which can be used in several fields of medical applications. Time-resolved fluorescence microscopes have emerged as the choice of the researcher to analyze biologic systems and cell biology researches. Time-resolved fluorescence microscope is an efficient tool for the analysis of the fluorescence properties of the sample. Time-resolved fluorescence microscope is generally used to measure the fluorescence properties of the sample or molecules. Time-resolved fluorescence microscope is widely used to analyze organic compounds medical laboratories and used for drug screening applications. Time-resolved fluorescence microscopes are gaining demand for map interactions between lipids, proteins, DNA, RNA, enzymes

Time-resolved Fluorescence Microscope Market: Drivers and Restraints

Increasing adoption of the advance and new technologies among researcher has led to the tremendous growth of the time-resolved fluorescence microscope market. Increasing life science-based research to diagnose the various disease are creating significant demand for the time-resolved fluorescence microscope. Advancement of the Time-resolved fluorescence microscope leads to significant demand for the devices among researchers and medical industry manufacturers. The growing number of biopharmaceutical research and drug discovery are the major factor expected to boost up the demand for the time-resolved fluorescence microscope market. Growing demand for time-resolved fluorescence microscope in medical areas such as molecular and cellular biology, proteomics, biochemistry boost up the growth of the time-resolved fluorescence microscope market. However, factors such as the high cost of the devices and less profitability are some of the factors negatively impact the growth of the time-resolved fluorescence microscope market.

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Time-resolved Fluorescence Microscope Market: Segmentation

Tentatively, the global time-resolved fluorescence microscope market can be segmented on the basis of product type, application, end user, and geography.

Based on product type, the global time-resolved fluorescence microscope market is segmented as:

Based on application, the global Time-resolved Fluorescence Microscope market is segmented as:

Based on end users, the global Time-resolved Fluorescence Microscope market is segmented as:

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Time-resolved Fluorescence Microscope Market: Overview

Since few years time-resolved fluorescence lifetime spectrometry technique applications are continuously growing in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry as well as in a laboratory. Time-resolved fluorescence microscopes are used for different applications such as forensic, drug discovery, biologics research, cell biology and biomolecules based researches and more. Moreover, Time-resolved fluorescence microscopes have substantial demand in the academic and research institutes as a growing number of researches and study on the diverse biologic particles.

Time-resolved Fluorescence Microscope Market: Regional Outlook

North America expected to dominate the global time-resolved fluorescence microscope market as high demand for technologically advanced tools for the research purpose. Europe expected to register second higher market value share in global time-resolved fluorescence microscope market as increasing number medical research, molecular and drug discovery. Asia Pacific market expected to register higher opportunities for time-resolved fluorescence microscope market players as increasing healthcare and research funding for medical researches. China, India, South Korea are the major countries in the Asia Pacific market which grow at a faster pace in the medical science and research industry. Japan is the established market for the time-resolved fluorescence microscope market players as high adoption of new technologies in clinical laboratories.

Time-resolved Fluorescence Microscope Market: Key Players

Examples of some of the key players operating in the global time-resolved fluorescence microscope market are Agilent Technologies, Inc, PicoQuanT GmbH, Carl Zeiss AG, Danaher Corporation, Olympus Corporation, Edinburgh Instruments Ltd., HORIBA Scientific, Aurora Biomed Inc., Thermo Fisher Scientific, Malvern Panalytical Ltd. and other companies.

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The Time-resolved Fluorescence Microscope market to Transcend the Covid-19 Barrier from 2021 onwards - PRnews Leader

Cell Biology

Science professor named recipient of NIH New Innovator Award for cancer research – Observer Online

October 17, 2020 medical

The National Health Institute (NIH) announced in October plans to give out nearly $251 million in grants over five years to 85 different scientists in their High-Risk, High Reward Research Program. Notre Dames Katharine White was on the list.

White is an assistant professor of chemistry and biology at the University of Notre Dame, as well as a 2007 graduate from Saint Marys, whose innovative research caught the attention of the NIH.

She was awarded the Directors New Innovators Award, a prestigious grant with a particular emphasis on supporting young researchers with big ideas.

The award funds exceptionally creative, early career-investigators, so thats people that propose innovative risk but also high reward research, White said. Its research thats innovative, and risky, but has a huge potential impact in human health and improving human health. Broadly, and in this case, improving the treatment of cancer.

Whites research focuses on comparing the relationship of the pH levels within cancer cells to normal cells.

Our research platform in general is at the interface of chemistry and cell biology. We design new chemical tools to manipulate cell biology, White said. Our focus is on understanding how intracellular pH dynamics [regulate] normal cell biology as well as how dysregulated pH dynamics drive diseases like cancer.

Junior Michael Siroky, who has been working in Whites lab since June 2019, said this research has the potential to find new ways to reverse the effects of cancer growth.

Were very interested in how the dysregulation of pH in cancer cells affects a lot of the hallmarks of cancer, like growth and metastasis and different metabolic adaptations, Siroky said. Were primarily focused on how those changes come about and to some extent like how to reverse them.

There are many smaller projects under the umbrella of Whites area of research. Junior Jessamine Kuehn has been a member of Whites lab since spring 2019 and has been working on one of the sub-projects.

My project was working with a particular mutation thats found in 70% of gliomas, Kuehn said. It was a point mutation that changed an arginine, a really basic amino acid, to a histidine, pH near-neutral amino acid, that could actually function as a molecular switch to change, with small changes in the intracellular pH of the cell, the function of the mutated protein.

With the influx of resources the grant will give her lab, White said she will be abled to dive into new avenues and sub-topics of her research. In particular, White said she would be looking into how heterogeneity drives single-cell migration and metastasis events or how the diversity of shape and function of cancer cells impacts their ability to spread in the body.

Furthermore, Siroky said this grant will give the lab the power to increase the specificity of their results and generate new opportunities to share their findings.

Receiving the NIH grant has been an aim for White since its inception. She said she believes her research is unique from other cancer research because it is the intersection between two areas of study applying the usage of chemical tools to gain a better understanding of cellular behavior.

I think one of the key reasons my work is potentially highly innovative [is] because it exists at this interface between chemistry and cell biology, White said.

Kuehn works closely with White as she learns new skills for the projects she takes on in the lab.

I have a lot of one on one [time], like learning procedures with [White]. Its really nice that shes available for that kind of guidance. I really appreciated that, Kuehn said.

Siroky said he is glad to see Whites hard work pay off.

Its pretty gratifying, especially knowing how hard [White] works inside and outside the lab, Siroky said. Shes always fighting for all of these opportunities; its really good to see one of them thats this important pay off because she definitely deserves it to the fullest extent.

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Science professor named recipient of NIH New Innovator Award for cancer research - Observer Online

Cell Biology

CIRM Bridges to Stem Cell Research & Therapy The Bridge to Everywhere (in biomedicine) OP-ED – The Silicon Valley Voice

October 17, 2020 medical

In a recent clinical trial for an immune cell therapy for lymphoma, 62% of patients experienced complete cancer clearance in spite of the fact that some of them were on their 5th line of treatment. Stem cell therapies have the potential to enact more of these paradigm-shifting treatments. Proposition 14 will continue to advance these therapies and bring them to full development as available cures.

The vision of stem cell therapy is that a physician can just as easily grab an IV bag full of therapeutic cells as they might draw a drug into a syringe. Conceived through Proposition 71 in 2004, the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM) serves as a vehicle to support all aspects of stem cell research. Medical progress requires not just well-designed clinical studies but also a well-trained workforce, educated at the intersection of stem cell biology, engineering, and chemistry.

Since 2008, CIRM has supported the training of nearly 1300 Community College and California State University students for the emerging field of Regenerative Medicine through the Bridges to Stem Cell Research and Therapy Program. The Bridges Training Program has functioned as a pathway for first-generation and underrepresented students from Humboldt to San Diego, to all of the biomedical sectors startup and cell therapy companies, academic research institutes, graduate and medical school, and more. Exposure to hands-on labs, advanced seminar discussions, and a required paid internship fully prepares these students for entering the stem cell workforce. Over 80% of Bridges alumni have either advanced to graduate school or joined the biomedical workforce in industry or academic institutions. These Programs bring a greater return than the initial cost of training.

The Nobel Prize – Meet the 4 women of 2020 – Omniscience

October 17, 2020 medical

And then there were 61.

Apart from Marie Curie being honored twice, the Nobel Prize and Prize in Economic Sciences have been awarded to women 58 times between 1901 and 2020. Heres another way of phrasing it. 6% of the total 962 Nobel Laureates were awarded to women. That said, lets celebrate the women who have made this year worthy of celebration.

Emmanuelle Charpentier

Chemistry

My wish is that this will provide a positive message to the young girls who would like to follow the path of science, and to show them that women in science can also have an impact through the research that they are performing. - 2020 Chemistry Laureate Emmanuelle Charpentier

Biochemist, geneticist and microbiologist, currently director of the Department of Pathogen Science at the Max Planck Institute in Berlin (Germany), Professor Emmanuelle Charpentier was named co-winner of this year's 2020 edition along with Jennifer Doudna. The prize rewards their development of the Crispr/Cas9 technology in 2012 capable of modifying human genes.

This immune defense system of bacterial origin was discovered by Emmanuelle Charpentier. The two laureates then succeeded in recreating in the laboratory these molecular scissors that make it possible to modify the genome of a human, animal, plant or microorganism cell in order to inactivate, correct or replace a gene. This technique has revolutionized research, first in medicine, for the development of gene therapy targeting rare diseases and cancers, and also in agronomy, paving the way for new genetically modifiable seeds.

Emmanuelle is now the seventh woman in the world to receive the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, out of 185 laureates. This honour means she joins Marie Curie and her daughter Irne Joliot-Curie in the short list of women to have won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Jennifer A. Doudna

Chemistry

One of the problems in the biotech world is the lack of women in leadership roles, and I'd like to see that change by walking the walk.- 2020 Chemistry Laureate Jennifer A. Doudna

Professor Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier are not only the sixth and seventh women to win in this category but also the first two women to jointly win the chemistry prize with their revolutionary work on Crispr-Cas9.

Jennifer Anne Doudna is an American biochemist, molecular biologist and geneticist and Professor and Chair in the Department of Chemistry and the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology at the University of California, Berkeley. Their new find enables researchers to now change the DNA of not only plants and microorganisms but also that of animals with extremely high precision. The contribution of this discovery is set to revolutionise the future of cancer therapies and curing inherited diseases

Louise Glck

Literature

The master said You must write what you see. But what I see does not move me. The master answered Change what you see. - 2020 Literature Laureate Louise Glck

The American poet Louise Glck, 77, won the Nobel Prize for Literature on Thursday.

She was awarded "for her characteristic poetic voice, which with its austere beauty makes individual existence universal," announced the Swedish Academy in awarding the prize. Louise Glck won the Pullitzer Prize for Poetry in 1993 for her collection The Wild Iris.

After a first work entitled Firstborn, the poetess was quickly recognized as one of the most important poets of contemporary American literature. She has published twelve collections and several volumes of essays on poetry. "Her works are characterized by a concern for clarity. Childhood and family life, the close relationship with parents and siblings are themes that have remained central to her," said the Academy. Louise Glck is a professor of English at Yale University.

Glcks poems are about family, childhood, love, death, loss, trauma, isolation, nature, and animals speaking of disillusionment, disenchantment, and changeability of self. She focuses on issues of self in relation to others and to the natural world, and urges us to listen to ourselves, our unheard voices. In her essay Education of the Poet, she writes, The dream of art is not to assert what is already known but to illuminate what has been hidden. As in her poetry she draws heavily on her life events and sees through a deeply personal lens, she is often called an autobiographical or a confessional poet. Regarding this, chairman of the Nobel Committee Anders Olsson has noted: In her poems, the self listens for what is left of its dreams and delusions, and nobody can be harder than she in confronting the illusions of the self. But even if Glck would never deny the significance of the autobiographical background, she is not to be regarded as a confessional poet.

Andrea Ghez

Physics

"I take very seriously the responsibility associated with being the fourth woman to win the Nobel Prize. I hope I can inspire other young women into the field." 2020 Physics Laureate Andrea Ghez

The Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded on Tuesday to Professor Andrea Ghez along with British researcher Roger Penrose and the German Reinhard Genzel and the American for their work on the universes notorious mystery objects: black holes. Andrea Ghez was honored for "the discovery of a supermassive compact object in the center of our galaxy.

Only half a century ago, the very existence of black holes was still controversial. Last year, these gigantic objects, reputed to be invisible, were shown for the first time in a revolutionary image, a sign of the progress made in unlocking their galactic secrets.

Ghez is well deserving of the Nobel Prize, as her contributions to astronomy are clearly impactful. The discovery of the black hole in the center of our Milky Way, known as Sgr A*, has led to numerous studies about the nature of galaxies, black holes, relativity, and more. In her group at UCLA, Ghez and her collaborators are keeping the momentum going; training the next generation of astronomers, continuing their now decades long observations of stars like S0-2, and working on unraveling new and exciting mysteries at the galactic center.

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The Nobel Prize - Meet the 4 women of 2020 - Omniscience

Cell Biology

Genes That "Jump" May Rewire Neuronal Function in the Brain – Technology Networks

October 17, 2020 medical

Genome, misunderstoodThere has been great advancement in our understanding of genomics in recent decades, with the completion of The Human Genome Project in 2003 and the technological advances in our ability to sequence DNA. But for many years, a large portion of the genome (~ 97%) was dismissed and incorrectly branded as "junk" on the basis that it did not code for proteins. Whilst some research groups pondered over the role of this mysterious part of the genome, the majority of the noughties genomics research focused on exons, DNA sequences that encode proteins.

However, research studies by consortiums such as ENCODE started to reveal that this "junk" landscape was simply misunderstood. Junk DNA is largely made up of highly repetitive stretches of DNA and it is therefore challenging to read these sections of our genome. However, recent technological advances have revolutionized genomic research. We are now able to analyze the genomes of 10,000s of individual cells in a short amount of time," said Dr Christoph Treiber, a postdoctoral research scientist in the Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour at the University of Oxford.

We now know that the non-coding portion of the genome possesses various different genetic elements with functional properties that are necessary for cell biology, an example being transposable elements, or transposons.1

Transposonsare fractions of the genome that are often nicknamed "jumping" genes due to their ability to move from one location in the genome to another. They were discovered by the late cytogeneticist Barbara McClinktock; research that earned her the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology. Transposons represent ~ 44% of the human genome, ~ 37% of the mouse genome, and over 80% of certain plant species' genomes, such as maize.2,3There are many different types of transposons, and they have been allocated some pretty interesting names over the years, includingfleaandhobo. Broadly speaking transposons are divided into two categories:

The impact of transposons, or "jumping" genes, depends largely on where they land. They can be an important source of genetic mutations, the potential adverse effects of which has led to them often being referred to as "DNA parasites". However, they are also considered to be key drivers of evolution as they contribute to heritable genetic variation, which diversifies species.

Emerging research has also proposed that transposons are able to introduce non-heritable genetic changes in somatic cells, specifically neurons.5 In the brain, transposon insertions could drive the physiology of a specific group of neurons, contributing to specific brain functions such as behavior or cognition effectively "rewiring" the brain. It also opens the possibility that transposons could be implicated in pathologies such as neurodegeneration or age-associated cognitive decline.

This is Treiber's research focus at the University of Oxford, and the subject of his latest paper published in Genome Research in collaboration with Professor Scott Waddell.7 The research team used novel single-cell sequencing methods to analyze the expression of transposons in the brains of Drosophila melanogaster fruit flies. The Drosophila fly is a commonly adopted model that has been used in the fields of genetics and neuroscience for the last century.6

In the past, somatic transposons have been extremely difficult to analyze as they occur in single DNA molecules, but single-cell sequencing has proven to be a real game changer according to Treiber.

"Being able to access the transcriptome of 10,000s of cells from the brain in a single experiment enables us to analyze many cell types in parallel. And it enables us to shed light on the complex expression patterns of transposons," he told Technology Networks, adding, "In our research group, we have pioneered the application of these new tools in the fly brain."

In addition, the scientists found a range of neural genes for which a substantial amount of their mature mRNA transcript pool contained transposon sequences. They would sometimes occur in the open reading frame, in addition to a location where it could impact the translocation of the gene, known as the untranslated region, or UTR. "We show that many transposons are spliced into cellular genes and thereby potentially change the structure and function of proteins in the brain," Trebier said.

Of course, a change in the structure and function of a protein could ultimately result in disease, depending on the protein's role. Treiber and Waddell identified 264 transposon harboring genes in the Drosophila brain. Of these 264 genes, there are several examples for which disruption or alteration could impact neural function, potentially in an adverse manner. "Flies harboring hobo in Sh and flea in cac might exhibit altered voltage-gated currents, whereas those with roo in AstA-R1 will respond differently to the modulatory Allatostatin A neuropeptide," the authors write in the paper.

When asked why, collectively, the findings led Treiber and Waddell to conclude that the transposons may alter neural function, he said, "The fruit fly brain is a well-established model that is helping us shed light on fundamental principles about how our brain works. Many of the genes that we found altered by transposons have previously been shown to play key roles in a broad range of behaviours. Artificially induced changes of those genes, often induced by transposable elements, can lead to dramatic changes of behaviours."

What is exonization?The number of exons in an organism's genome is not fixed. It constantly changes through the process of novel exons being created and the loss of existing exons. Exonization is the process by which genes gain new exons from non-protein-coding regions DNA.8

The ability to achieve such in-depth analysis in the research is attributed to new software tools created by Treiber. When asked to discuss the tools, he said, "Whole-genome sequencing experiments with most higher organisms generate data about junk DNA, but this information is usually discarded. Our new software tools enable us to up-cycle this junk and extract new, valuable data. We optimized our tools for the genome of fruit flies but can easily apply them to data from other organisms, including humans. Hopefully, these tools will inspire many new research projects that investigate the interactions between transposons and genes."

The functional consequences of the transposon-altered genes will be the next point of focus for the University of Oxford scientists, both at the cellular and behavioral level. "This is a particularly exciting route to explore because we know that transposon insertions are highly variable within a population. Hence, the close relationship between transposons and genes that we describe in our study could lead to an exciting prospect: junk DNA could play a key role in making individuals behave idiosyncratically," Treiber concluded.

Christoph Treiber was speaking with Molly Campbell, Science Writer, Technology Networks.

References:

1. Jo BS, Choi SS. Introns: The functional benefits of introns in genomes. Genomics Inform. 2015;13(4):112-118. doi:10.5808/GI.2015.13.4.112.

2. Mouse Genome Sequencing Consortium, Waterston RH, Lindblad-Toh K, et al. Initial sequencing and comparative analysis of the mouse genome. Nature. 2002;420(6915):520-562. doi:10.1038/nature01262.

3. SanMiguel P, Tikhonov A, Jin Y-K, et al. Nested retrotransposons in the intergenic regions of the maize genome. Science. 1996;274(5288):765. doi:10.1126/science.274.5288.765

4. Bourque G, Burns KH, Gehring M, et al. Ten things you should know about transposable elements. Genome Biology. 2018;19(1):199. doi:10.1186/s13059-018-1577-z.

5. Muotri AR, Chu VT, Marchetto MCN, Deng W, Moran JV, Gage FH. Somatic mosaicism in neuronal precursor cells mediated by L1 retrotransposition. Nature. 2005;435(7044):903-910. doi:10.1038/nature03663.

6. Bellen HJ, Tong C, Tsuda H. 100 years of Drosophila research and its impact on vertebrate neuroscience: a history lesson for the future. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2010;11(7):514-522. doi:10.1038/nrn2839.

7. Treiber CD, Waddell S. Transposon expression in the Drosophila brain is driven by neighboring genes and diversifies the neural transcriptome. Genome Research. doi:10.1101/gr.259200.119.

8. Sorek R. The birth of new exons: mechanisms and evolutionary consequences. RNA. 2007;13(10):1603-1608. doi:10.1261/rna.682507.

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Genes That "Jump" May Rewire Neuronal Function in the Brain - Technology Networks

Cell Biology

Cell Therapy Market Size, Share, Market Research and Industry Forecast Report, 2020-2027 (Includes Business Impact of COVID-19) – Eurowire

October 17, 2020 medical

Trusted Business Insights answers what are the scenarios for growth and recovery and whether there will be any lasting structural impact from the unfolding crisis for the Cell Therapy market.

Trusted Business Insights presents an updated and Latest Study on Cell Therapy Market. The report contains market predictions related to market size, revenue, production, CAGR, Consumption, gross margin, price, and other substantial factors. While emphasizing the key driving and restraining forces for this market, the report also offers a complete study of the future trends and developments of the market.The report further elaborates on the micro and macroeconomic aspects including the socio-political landscape that is anticipated to shape the demand of the Cell Therapy market during the forecast period.It also examines the role of the leading market players involved in the industry including their corporate overview, financial summary, and SWOT analysis.

Get Sample Copy of this Report @ Cell Therapy Market Size, Share, Market Research and Industry Forecast Report, 2020-2027 (Includes Business Impact of COVID-19)

Industry Insights, Market Size, CAGR, High-Level Analysis: Cell Therapy Market

The global cell therapy market size was valued at USD 5.8 billion in 2019 and is projected to witness a CAGR of 5.4% during the forecast period. The development of precision medicine and advancements in Advanced Therapies Medicinal Products (ATMPS) in context to their efficiency and manufacturing are expected to be the major drivers for the market. In addition, automation in adult stem cell and cord blood processing and storage are the key technological advancements that have supported the growth of the market for cell therapy.

The investment in technological advancements for decentralizing manufacturing of this therapy is anticipated to significantly benefit the market. Miltenyi Biotec is one of the companies that has contributed to the decentralization in manufacturing through its CliniMACS Prodigy device. The device is an all-in-one automated manufacturing system that exhibits the capability of manufacturing various cell types.

An increase in financing and investments in the space to support the launch of new companies is expected to boost the organic revenue growth in the market for cell therapy. For instance, in July 2019, Bayer invested USD 215 million for the launch of Century Therapeutics, a U.S.-based biotechnology startup that aimed at developing therapies for solid tumors and blood cancer. Funding was further increased to USD 250 billion by a USD 35 million contribution from Versant Ventures and Fujifilm Cellular Dynamics.

The biomanufacturing companies are working in collaboration with customers and other stakeholders to enhance the clinical development and commercial manufacturing of these therapies. Biomanufacturers and OEMs such as GE healthcare are providing end-to-end flexible technology solutions to accelerate the rapid launch of therapies in the market for cell therapy.

The expanding stem cells arena has also triggered the entry of new players in the market for cell therapy. Celularity, Century Therapeutics, Rubius Therapeutics, ViaCyte, Fate Therapeutics, ReNeuron, Magenta Therapeutics, Frequency Therapeutics, Promethera Biosciences, and Cellular Dynamics are some startups that have begun their business in this arena lately.

Use-type Insights

The clinical-use segment is expected to grow lucratively during the forecast period owing to the expanding pipeline for therapies. The number of cancer cellular therapies in the pipeline rose from 753 in 2018 to 1,011 in 2019, as per Cancer Research Institute (CRI). The major application of stem cell treatment is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for the treatment of the immune system and blood disorders for cancer patients.

In Europe, blood stem cells are used for the treatment of more than 26,000 patients each year. These factors have driven the revenue for malignancies and autoimmune disorders segment. Currently, most of the stem cells used are derived from bone marrow, blood, and umbilical cord resulting in the larger revenue share in this segment.

On the other hand, cell lines, such as Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSC) and human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESC) are recognized to possess high growth potential. As a result, a several research entities and companies are making significant investments in R&D pertaining to iPSC- and hESC-derived products.

Therapy Type Insights of Cell Therapy Market

An inclination of physicians towards therapeutic use of autologous and allogeneic cord blood coupled with rising awareness about the use of cord cells and tissues across various therapeutic areas is driving revenue generation. Currently, the allogeneic therapies segment accounted for the largest share in 2019 in the cell therapy market. The presence of a substantial number of approved products for clinical use has led to the large revenue share of this segment.

Furthermore, the practice of autologous tissue transplantation is restricted by the limited availability of healthy tissue in the patient. Moreover, this type of tissue transplantation is not recommended for young patients wherein tissues are in the growth and development phase. Allogeneic tissue transplantation has effectively addressed the above-mentioned challenges associated with the use of autologous transplantation.

However, autologous therapies are growing at the fastest growth rate owing to various advantages over allogeneic therapies, which are expected to boost adoption in this segment. Various advantages include easy availability, no need for HLA-matched donor identification, lower risk of life-threatening complications, a rare occurrence of graft failure, and low mortality rate.

Regional Insights of Cell Therapy Market

The presence of leading universities such as the Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, and Yale Stem Cell Center that support research activities in U.S. is one of the key factor driving the market for cell therapy in North America. Moreover, strong regulatory and financing support from the federal bodies for expansion of this arena in U.S. as well as Canada is driving the market.In Asia Pacific, the market is anticipated to emerge as a lucrative source of revenue owing to the availability of therapies at lower prices coupled with growing awareness among the healthcare entities and patients pertaining the potential of these therapies in chronic disease management. Japan is leading the Asian market for cell therapy, which can be attributed to its fast growth as a hub for research on regenerative medicine.

Moreover, the Japan government has recognized regenerative medicine and cell therapy as a key contributor to the countrys economic growth. This has positively influenced the attention of global players towards the Asian market, thereby driving marketing operations in the region.

Market Share Insights of Cell Therapy Market

Some key companies operating in this market for cell therapy are Fibrocell Science, Inc.; JCR Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd.; Kolon TissueGene, Inc.; PHARMICELL Co., Ltd.; Osiris Therapeutics, Inc.; MEDIPOST; Cells for Cells; NuVasive, Inc.; Stemedica Cell Technologies, Inc.; Vericel Corporation; and ANTEROGEN.CO.,LTD. These companies are collaborating with the blood centers and plasma collection centers in order to obtain cells for use in therapeutics development.

Several companies have marked their presence in the market by acquiring small and emerging therapy developers. For instance, in August 2019, Bayer acquired BlueRock Therapeutics to establish its position in the market for cell therapy. BlueRock Therapeutics is a U.S. company that relies on a proprietary induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) platform for cell therapy development.

Several companies are making an entry in the space through the Contract Development and Manufacturing Organization (CDMO) business model. For example, in April 2019, Hitachi Chemical Co. Ltd. acquired apceth Biopharma GmbH to expand its global footprint in the CDMO market for cell and gene therapy manufacturing.

In September 2020, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited announced the expansion of its cell therapy manufacturing capabilities with the opening of a new 24,000 square-foot R&D cell therapy manufacturing facility at its R&D headquarters in Boston, Massachusetts. The facility provides end-to-end research and development capabilities and will accelerate Takedas efforts to develop next-generation cell therapies, initially focused on oncology with the potential to expand into other therapeutic areas.

The R&D cell therapy manufacturing facility will produce cell therapies for clinical evaluation from discovery through pivotal Phase 2b trials. The current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) facility is designed to meet all U.S., E.U., and Japanese regulatory requirements for cell therapy manufacturing to support Takeda clinical trials around the world.

The proximity and structure of Takedas cell therapy teams allow them to quickly apply what they learn across a diverse portfolio of next-generation cell therapies including CAR NKs, armored CAR-Ts, and gamma delta T cells. Insights gained in manufacturing and clinical development can be quickly shared across global research, manufacturing, and quality teams, a critical ability in their effort to deliver potentially transformative treatments to patients as fast as possible.

Takeda and MD Anderson are developing a potential best-in-class allogeneic cell therapy product (TAK-007), a Phase 1/2 CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor-directed natural killer (CAR-NK) cell therapy with the potential for off-the-shelf use being studied in patients with relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Two additional Phase 1 studies of Takeda cell therapy programs were also recently initiated: 19(T2)28z1xx CAR T cells (TAK-940), a next-generation CAR-T signaling domain developed in partnership with Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) to treat relapsed/refractory B-cell cancers, and a cytokine and chemokine armored CAR-T (TAK-102) developed in partnership with Noile-Immune Biotech to treat GPC3-expressing previously treated solid tumors.

Takedas Cell Therapy Translational Engine (CTTE) connects clinical translational science, product design, development, and manufacturing through each phase of research, development, and commercialization. It provides bioengineering, chemistry, manufacturing and control (CMC), data management, analytical and clinical and translational capabilities in a single footprint to overcome many of the manufacturing challenges experienced in cell therapy development.

Segmentations, Sub Segmentations, CAGR, & High-Level Analysis overview of Cell Therapy Market Research ReportThis report forecasts revenue growth at global, regional, and country levels and provides an analysis of the latest industry trends in each of the sub-segments from 2019 to 2030. For the purpose of this study, this market research report has segmented the global cell therapy market on the basis of use-type, therapy-type, and region:

Use-Type Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2019 2030)

Clinical-use

By Therapeutic Area

By Cell Type

Non-stem Cell Therapies

Therapy Type Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2019 2030)

Looking for more? Check out our repository for all available reports on Cell Therapy in related sectors.

Quick Read Table of Contents of this Report @ Cell Therapy Market Size, Share, Market Research and Industry Forecast Report, 2020-2027 (Includes Business Impact of COVID-19)

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Neuroscience

How a UCSF team is giving Cronutt the sea lion a second chance with neuroscience – University of California

October 17, 2020 medical

A cellular therapy for epilepsy developed at UC San Francisco has been employed for the first time in a sea lion with intractable seizures caused by ingesting toxins from algal blooms. The procedure is the first-ever attempt to treat naturally occurring epilepsy in any animal using transplanted cells.

The 7-year-old male sea lion, named Cronutt, first beached in San Luis Obispo County in 2017 and was rescued byThe Marine Mammal Center(TMMC), based in Sausalito, Calif. His epilepsy is due to brain damage caused by exposure to domoic acid released bytoxic algal blooms. Each year, domoic acid poisoning affects hundreds of marine mammals, including both sea lions and sea otters, up and down the West Coast, a problem that is on the rise as climate change warms the worlds oceans, making algal blooms more common.

Like many of these animals, Cronutt cannot survive in the wild due to his epilepsy, and he was transferred by TMMC in 2018 to Six Flags Discovery Kingdom in Vallejo, Calif., which has facilities to care for wildlife with special veterinary needs.

In recent months, Cronutts health has declined due to increasingly frequent and severe seizures. With all other options exhausted, his veterinary team sought help from epilepsy researcherScott C. Baraban, Ph.D., in a last-ditch effort to save the sea lions life. For over a decade, Baraban, who holds the William K. Bowes Endowed Chair in Neuroscience Research in UCSFsDepartment of Neurological Surgery, has been developing the cell-based therapy, which has been shown by his research team to be highly effective in experimental lab animals.

This method is incredibly reliable in mice, but this is the first time it has been tried in a large mammal as a therapy, so well just have to wait and see, said Baraban, a member of the UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences. Over the years Ive come to learn how many marine mammals cant be released into the wild due to domoic acid poisoning, and its our hope is that if this procedure is successful it will open the door to helping many more animals.

On Tuesday, Oct. 6, a team of 18 specialists, including veterinarians from Six Flags and neurosurgeons and researchers from UCSF, successfully completed a precisely targeted injection of brain cell precursors taken from pig embryos called neural progenitor cells into Cronutts hippocampus, the brain region responsible for seizures. Based on extensive observations in rodents, Baraban said, the injected embryonic cells should migrate through his damaged hippocampus over the course of days and weeks, integrating and repairing the brain circuitry causing his seizures.

It was a remarkable convergence. Every year there are many animals suffering from epilepsy for which there isnt any treatment available, while, just across the bridge from The Marine Mammal Center, we at UCSF are trying to develop this new form of therapy and looking for ways to one day translate it to the clinic, saidMariana Casalia, Ph.D., a postdoctoral researcher who joined Barabans lab in 2015 to work ontranslating the groups successes in rodentsinto therapies, and who has taken the helm of the sea lion epilepsy project. It seemed very natural for us that these animals could be first patients to hopefully benefit from this therapy.

Domoic acid poisoning in marine mammals causes hippocampal damage very similar to that seen in temporal lobe epilepsy, the most common form of epilepsy in humans. In this disease, damage to hippocampal inhibitory interneurons removes the brakes on electrical activity, leading to seizures. In a vicious cycle, seizures can further damage brain circuitry, which is why epilepsy often worsens over time.

Since 2009, theBaraban labhas been developing a way to replace these damaged interneuronsby transplanting embryonic MGE (medial ganglionic eminence) progenitor cells into the hippocampus. As discovered two decades ago by Barabans UCSF colleaguesArturo lvarez-Buylla, Ph.D., andJohn Rubenstein, Ph.D., MGE cells normallymigrate into hippocampus during brain developmentandintegrate themselves into the local circuitry as inhibitory neurons.

Barabans group has shown that its possible to transplant embryonic MGE cells into the brains of adult rodents with temporal lobe epilepsy, wherethey quickly spread through the hippocampus and repair its damaged circuitry. The procedure reliably reduces seizures in these animals by 90 percent, along with other side effects of epilepsy, such as anxiety and memory problems.

Our laboratorys work has been inspired by the desire to find new solutions for the 30 percent of temporal lobe epilepsy patients who dont respond to available drug treatments, and for whom no new medicines have emerged over the past 50 years. Baraban said. For a number of reasons, including regulatory hurdles, cellular therapies for people with epilepsy are probably still a long way off. However, marine mammals with brain damage from domoic acid poisoning are in a very similar boat with no effective treatments that would let them ever be returned to the wild.

Baraban learned about the hundreds of annual domoic acidrelated strandings of marine mammals from long-time colleague Paul Buckmaster, D.V.M., Ph.D., of Stanford University. Buckmasters seminal studies in collaboration with TMMC in Sausalito had found that these animalssuffer from hippocampal damage almost identical to human temporal lobe epilepsy.

As soon as Mariana and I learned about this issue it was clear that our approach could be a perfect solution to help rehabilitate these animals, Baraban said.

Casalia had spent four years developing and testing a pig source of MGE cells pig tissue is often used for transplants into humans in collaboration with colleagues at UC Davis, work the lab intends to publish soon. On learning about the plight of domoic acidpoisoned sea lions, she partnered with TMMC and the California Academy of Sciences to study sea lion skulls to begin planning an eventual transplant surgery. She ultimately worked with UCSF neurosurgery chairEdward Chang, M.D., and collaborators at the medical software firmBrainLabto create a custom targeting system for the sea lion brain.She had even spent months working closely with the Hamilton Company to create a custom needle for delivering the stem cells to the right spot in a sea lions hippocampus.

All that remained was to find the right patient. And then, in September, 2020, they got a call from a veterinarian at Six Flags asking if they could help save the life of a sea lion named Cronutt.

After rescuing Cronutt in 2017, TMMC had attempted three times to rehabilitate him and release him back into the wild. Each time he would beach himself again, emaciated, disoriented, and approaching humans. Then he began to have seizures. Most marine centers dont have facilities for the long-term care of marine mammals with special needs, but Six Flags volunteered to give Cronutt a new home.

We have cared for a lot of special needs animals over the years, said Dianne Cameron, director of animal care at Six Flags. We adore Cronutt and are committed to providing him a forever home. He has his own apartment in our Sea Lion Stadium with a pool and dry resting area. When hes doing well, he comes out and participates in training sessions. Unfortunately, recently it has been hard to get him to come out of his apartment.

Over this spring and summer, Cronutt had begun a serious decline his seizures were increasing, he was losing weight, and he often seemed disoriented. To oversee Cronutts care, Six Flags hiredClaire Simeone, DVM, a founder and CEO of Sea Change Health, who hadstudied the neurological effects of domoic acid poisoningduring her six years working with TMMC. But it soon became clear that no treatment was working for Cronutt.

Despite our best efforts and all the tools that we have, his seizures were becoming more prolonged and more frequent over time, Simeone said. His brain damage and the effects on his body were getting worse. His decline has been gradual, but we reached a point several months ago where we were questioning what quality of life he had. We had run out of options for how we could successfully manage Cronutts disease and knew that we were going to have to make some hard decisions soon.

Then Simeone recalled a talk Baraban had given at TMMC several years ago about the potential of MGE transplants for marine mammals with domoic acid poisoning. In September, she reached out to ask if the lab might be willing to attempt the procedure as a last-ditch effort to save Cronutts life.

Cronutts health was slipping fast, but Casalias years of preparation for this moment allowed her and her colleagues to quickly assemble everything that would be needed in just one month.

In a bit of serendipity that would prove crucial, Cronutts brain had already been imaged in 2018 by Ben Inglis, Ph.D., of UC BerkeleysHenry H. Wheeler Jr. Brain Imaging Centeras part of an ongoing study ofhow domoic acid poisoning affects the sea lion brain. These MRI images provided critical guideposts that made it possible for UCSF neurosurgeons to plan how they would inject stem cells at just the right spot in Cronutts hippocampus.

Cronutts surgery, conducted in accordance with COVID-19 protocols at the SAGE Veterinary Centers in Redwood City, Calif., went smoothly, and he was returned to Six Flags. In the days after the surgery his veterinary team reported that he had been sleeping and eating well.

Based on prior experiments transplanting pig MGE cells into rats, the researchers expect it to take about a month or so for the cells to fully integrate into Cronutts hippocampus. They will be following up to see if his seizures decrease and his health and behavior improves, and whether his antiseizure medications can be reduced.

This first-ever attempt has been made possible by funding from a Javits Award from the National Institutes of Health and from the UCSFProgram in Breakthrough Biomedical Research. Without these funds, this kind of high-risk, high-reward science would never have gotten off the ground, Baraban added. It also depended on Marianas fearlessness and perseverance in pursuing this very uncertain project.

Casalia, who has degrees in applied science and neurobiology from Universidad National de Quilmes and the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina, says the surgery felt like a culmination of everything shed been working on in her career so far. Ive always wanted to apply what we are doing in the lab to the clinical setting, she said. For me the ability to do this in reality to help these animals who are suffering is a dream come true.

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How a UCSF team is giving Cronutt the sea lion a second chance with neuroscience - University of California