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Physiology

Enrollment open for paramedic courses in Fairview and Alva – Enid News & Eagle

FAIRVIEW, Okla. Northwest Technology Center is enrolling students in its paramedic training program.

The program is for adult students with an EMT credential and a high school diploma or GED. Classes begin April 20, 2021, and run through June 21, 2022. The 14-month program is 1,210 hours and prepares students to "perform comprehensive patient assessments and advanced emergency procedures all in a pre-hospital setting," according to a press release.

Prior to acceptance into the course, an EMT certification must be obtained and completion of an anatomy and physiology class is required. Anatomy and physiology can be taken at Northwest Technology Center. It begins Feb. 2, 2021, and runs through April 15. "It is strongly recommended that students take this anatomy and physiology class even if a credit for the class has been obtained elsewhere," according to the press release.

"Several job opportunities are available to those in the field, including ambulance and fire services, clinics and hospitals, air medical services and many others," according to the press release. "Higher paying job opportunities are available, paramedics in Oklahoma can make $33,000-$52,000 per year, as well as opportunities to provide better service to the community."

Program instructor Lisa Dyer, who teaches the paramedic program at Kiamichi Technology Center, will walk students through 11 courses via distance learning. The training is delivered through distance learning and the skills portion of the training will be taught with an in-person instructor at the Fairview campus.

Applications for the program are open through March 1, 2021. Along with the application, immunization records, personal health history, physical examination and students work references must be submitted, and applicants must pass a physical ability assessment.

In-district tuition is $4,230 for the 14-month program. Out-of-district tuition is $6,410. Financial aid assistance is available to those who qualify. For more information, go to http://www.nwtech.edu or call (580) 327-0344 in Alva or (580) 227-3708 in Fairview.

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Enrollment open for paramedic courses in Fairview and Alva - Enid News & Eagle

Physiology

Physiology in PCI: It’s Not That Simple – MedPage Today

Coronary physiology flopped in several studies for determining whether to defer invasive procedures and in optimizing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), researchers reported, suggesting there's more to learn.

"We need to pay more attention to the precise physiology of what we're measuring and what it means," said K. Lance Gould, MD, of McGovern Medical School at UTHealth in Houston.

One group found that routine use of computed tomography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) did not shave healthcare costs in people with stable chest pain, whereas another reported that operators taking extra steps during stenting did not achieve more optimal FFRs after PCI.

Finally, an observational study showed that coronary flow reserve (CFR) couldn't trump FFR at current thresholds in deciding which patients may defer revascularization.

The three studies were presented during the same late-breaking trial session at this year's TCT Connect, held virtually by the Cardiovascular Research Foundation.

FORECAST

Resource utilization was about the same whether chest pain clinics in the U.K. adopted routine FFRCT as a frontline test or continued usual care, according to a randomized trial.

Total medical costs -- counting the cost of non-invasive cardiac tests, invasive coronary angiography (ICA), revascularization, hospitalization for cardiac events, cardiac medications, and outpatient attendances -- averaged 1,605.50 at 9 months for people randomly assigned to frontline FFRCT testing vs 1,491.46 in controls (or median 600 vs 670, P=0.962).

There was no difference between groups in clinical outcomes nor quality-of-life status at that point, according to Nick Curzen, PhD, of the University of Southampton in England.

Thus, the results contradict U.K. guidelines, which recommend coronary CT angiography and HeartFlow FFRCT together as a cost-saving strategy based on National Institute for Health and Care Excellence projections.

FFRCT is FFR derived from coronary CT angiography, thus providing anatomical and physiological information, and is thought to be a safe way to select patients for subsequent invasive testing and treatment of angina.

"The real crux of FFRCT is can it save money? We can, but not by doing it so freely," Curzen concluded at a press conference.

For the FORECAST study, investigators had 1,400 people presenting to 11 chest pain clinics in the U.K. randomized to the test group getting routine FFRCT or usual care. Median age was around 60 years, and just over half of the participants were men.

Coronary CT angiography use was 96% in the test group and 66% in the reference group. Total ICA tests were 14% lower in the test group (P=0.02), which also had 22% fewer patients undergoing ICAs (P=0.01).

On closer inspection, the test group had coronary CT angiography alone in 64.9% of cases, as most people had no lesions with >40% stenosis. Another 31.5% actually went on to receive FFRCT assessment. None underwent stress echocardiography, perfusion scanning, stress MRI, exercise ECG, or ICA testing.

In contrast, the reference group had patients stop at coronary CT angiography in 61.4% of cases. Dozens received the other non-invasive and invasive tests.

Nevertheless, ICAs and revascularizations were not reduced enough by the FFRCT strategy to make it cost-dominant, Curzen said.

TARGET-FFR

Operators following a physiology-guided incremental optimization strategy did not see an improvement in the number of patients coming out of PCI with optimal FFRs, one center reported.

After angiographically successful PCI, FFR was 0.90 in 32% of patients, 0.81-0.89 in 39%, and 0.80 in 29%, according to Damien Collison, MD, of Golden Jubilee National Hospital and University of Glasgow in Scotland.

Patients randomized to further intervention to boost FFR wound up with 38.1% achieving FFR 0.90, which was statistically no better than the 28.1% of controls (P=0.099). However, the proportion of patients with a final FFR 0.80 was lower in the intervention group (18.6% vs 29.8%, P=0.045).

Collison noted that it is rare for operators to assess PCI results using FFR.

"It's shocking to see so few patients who meet the criteria for optimal physiology at the end of the procedure," said the moderator of the press conference, Roxana Mehran, MD, of Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City.

Chad Rammohan, MD, of Mountain View Center in California, agreed: It's "a little sobering" to realize that 30% of patients at a good center are still ischemic at the end of PCI, with an FFR below 0.80. The study moves the field toward optimization and using imaging to make PCI results more durable, he said.

The small TARGET-FFR trial was conducted at a single center. Included were 260 people who had angiographically successful PCI before randomization to physiology-guided PCI optimization or usual care.

Operators following the intervention algorithm performed further post-dilation, intracoronary imaging, additional stenting depending on coronary physiology results, and hyperemic pullback assessment.

Further optimization was targeted in 46% of the intervention group. Two-thirds of these patients were deemed appropriate for additional post-dilation and/or stenting.

In these 40 patients who actually received PCI optimization, mean FFR increased from 0.76 to 0.82 (P<0.00) and mean coronary flow reserve was boosted from 3.0 to 4.0 (P=0.02).

Mehran cautioned that perfect is the enemy of the good, as performing extra procedures in PCI may run the risk of cardiac perforation.

DEFINE-FLOW

FFR-positive patients did not have good clinical outcomes if they had PCI deferred due to a negative CFR result, according to an observational study of combined CFR and FFR assessment.

A treatment algorithm for 455 people with stable coronary lesions dictated that only those who had abnormally low FFR (0.8 or below) and CFR (below 2) would receive PCI, with all others receiving initial medical therapy, Gould reported.

Resulting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) rates, counting all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and revascularization, revealed that outcomes were not equal among patients at 2 years:

The 10.8% MACE rate of the FFR+/CFR- group was not as good as the 5.8% rate for FFR-/CFR- (P=0.065 for non-inferiority), Gould reported.

"Trust the FFR" was Rammohan's take-away in discussing the DEFINE-FLOW study at a press conference.

Gould suggested the possibility that reduced FFR and CFR together may still incur additive risk, just at lower thresholds than the ones used for this study. Large randomized trials are needed with thresholds that may actually result in a decrease in morbidity and mortality, he said.

CFR is the ratio between resting and maximal possible coronary blood flow. This measure fails to distinguish flow-limiting stenosis from diffuse or microvascular disease, Gould noted.

Mechanisms controlling coronary blood flow are complex, with physiology differing between the subepicardium and the subendocardium. For instance, high flow may be good for the former but not the latter, he said.

Last Updated October 16, 2020

Nicole Lou is a reporter for MedPage Today, where she covers cardiology news and other developments in medicine. Follow

Disclosures

FORECAST was funded by an unrestricted grant from HeartFlow.

TARGET FFR was funded by the U.K.'s NHS.

DEFINE-FLOW was funded by Philips.

Curzen reported a financial relationship with HeartFlow.

Collison reported financial relationships with Abbott Medical and MedAlliance.

Gould had no disclosures.

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Physiology in PCI: It's Not That Simple - MedPage Today

Physiology

Nobel Prize awarded to scientists who discovered Hepatitis C – The Mancunion

This year the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine was awarded to Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton, and Charles M. Rice, who discovered the Hepatitis C virus. The disease, which 71 million people are estimated to be suffering world-wide, is estimated to have killed approximately 399 000 people in 2016 alone.

Hepatitis C is spread through mixing of blood and bodily fluids. Infection can happen through injection drug use, during birth from an infected mother, unregulated tattooing, and in unsafe healthcare settings although the latter is rare in todays modern world.

It is an insidious disease. When the virus first enters the blood it generates an immune response. If the immune response is adequate the virus will be killed and cleared from the body. This, however, is only 15%-30% of cases.

In 70-85% of those infected the infection will become chronic. It targets the liver with severe scarring, known as cirrhosis, varying from person to person in the time it takes to scar. In some people it can happen within a couple of years, while for others it may take decades, with the possibility of the organ losing its function in many cases.

In some people the Hepatitis C virus may even cause cancer. This is because the liver tries to repair itself by generating new cells, but the virus can damage the DNA of these. If mutations in replication-controlling genes occur, the cells begin to proliferate uncontrollably; the result sometimes being cancerous.

The virus causes further damage by promoting inflammation. While inflammation is a healthy response meant to fight off invading pathogens, chronic inflammation can damage and kill cells in multiple ways. One such way is immune cells stimulating liver cells to produce collagen, which makes up the scar tissue. In a chronic infection like Hepatitis C this collagen fibre scar tissue is never properly dissolved. As a result, cells around the scar tissue may be starved for oxygen.

Because of the prevalence and mortality of Hepatitis C, the discovery of the virus causing it is immensely significant. It allowed for the development of blood tests and anti-viral drugs which can effectively treat the disease by blocking the virus from entering liver cells.

However, some obstacles remain. Firstly, the anti-viral drugs are expensive, subsequently limiting their accessibility. Secondly, while the ability to treat the disease is a significant advancement, it is not capable of stopping the spread of the virus. For that, we need a vaccine. And who knows, maybe that will itself be worth a Nobel Prize in a few years time.

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Nobel Prize awarded to scientists who discovered Hepatitis C - The Mancunion

Physiology

UTHSC professor receives $2.2 million for research into arterial stiffness and hypertension – News-Medical.Net

Reviewed by Emily Henderson, B.Sc.Oct 15 2020

In humans, large arteries lose elasticity and thicken with age and other pathological conditions, leading to arteriosclerosis and high blood pressure. Age-related arterial stiffening affects a large population and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, yet it remains poorly understood, with no effective intervention.

Work being done in the lab of Zhongjie Sun, MD, PhD, FAHA, professor and chair of the UTHSC Department of Physiology, is focused on discovering the epigenetic causes of this condition. The National Institutes of Health is supporting these efforts, recently awarding Dr. Sun $2.25 million for his project, "Investigation into Arterial Stiffness and Hypertension."

The study centers on the protein KDM6A, a recently discovered histone demethylase (an enzyme that controls the activity of certain genes by modifying specific proteins). Mutation of this gene causes severe defects in the formation and development of human embryos. The proposed research will investigate whether KDM6A in cells lining the blood vessel walls help regulate the elasticity and structural soundness of the arteries. It will also investigate whether KDM6A is involved in arterial stiffness and hypertension that occurs as we get older.

The idea that KDM6A is essential in maintaining normal arterial health is new, as is the technical approach being taken to prove this hypothesis. Dr. Sun's lab will be using state-of-the-art techniques that allow temporary control of KDM6A at a given time-point in an animal model. This will enable the researchers to study the precise effects of inactivating the enzyme within certain cells.

This grant will help us further explore why blood vessels get stiff in aged people. Our studies may lead to discovery of a new therapeutic target (KDM6A) for aging-related arterial stiffness."

Dr. Zhongjie Sun, the Thomas A. Gerwin Chair of Excellence in Physiology and co-director of the UT Methodist Cardiovascular Institute

Dr. Sun's project is being funded for four years by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute.

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UTHSC professor receives $2.2 million for research into arterial stiffness and hypertension - News-Medical.Net

Physiology

These Are the 57 Women Who Have Won the Nobel Prize – Newsweek

With 2020 Nobel prizes going so far to Andrea Ghez for physics, Jennifer A. Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier for chemistry, and Louise Glck for literature, there are now 57 women who have been awarded a Nobel Prize out of the more than 900 recipients. One womanMarie Curiereceived two Nobel prizes.

To highlight all the winners, Stacker turned to data from the Nobel Prize website. These women have made outstanding contributions to the worlds of medicine, science, art, and peace-keeping. Just reaching this height of fame and recognition meant facing seemingly insurmountable challenges. Many women on this list had to contend with extreme sexism in male-dominated professions, but some Nobel Prize winners also had to overcome physical violence. All their stories are unique and equally inspiring.

Nobel committees have distinct methods for deciding winners. The Nobel Peace Prize, for example, is awarded by a five-person committee and anyone who meets the criteria can be nominated. For literature, however, nominations can only be made by qualified people. Despite the different nominating and selection processes, two rules apply to all awards: No person can nominate themself, and the names of the nominators and the nominees cannot be revealed until 50 years after winners are announced.

Read on to learn about these women's exciting contributions to society, from helpful advancements in the HIV epidemic to the abolition of landmines toin the case of Andrea Ghezpioneering research on the Milky Way's supermassive black hole.

You may also like: 50 most peaceful countries in the world

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physics- Year: 1903

Marie Curie, who was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, coined the term "radioactivity." In 1903, she and her husband won the Nobel Prize for Physics for their study into spontaneous radiation. They share the award with Antoine Henri Becquerel for his discovery of radioactivity.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1905

Referred to as the "generalissimo of the peace movement," this Austrian woman penned an anti-war novel called "Lay Down Your Arms" that won her the Nobel Peace Prize. It was one of the most influential books during the century with a strong anti-militaristic message.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1909

Born in Sweden, Lagerlf won the Nobel Prize in Literature. She's often credited for having a vivid imagination, and she has used stories from her hometown in Vrmland County as inspiration. "Gsta Berling's Saga" was the name of her first novel.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Chemistry- Year: 1911

Marie Curie received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry this year for her further investigation of radium and polonium. She was the first person to receive two Nobel Prizes, and she promoted the use of radium in the First World War to treat soldiers who were injured.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1926

This Italian writer who lived in Rome for part of her life earned the Nobel Prize for Literature for stories about life on her native island of Sardinia. She also developed some of her characters based on people she knew in real life.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1928

The Second World War and the Nazi invasion forced this writer to flee Norway, but she returned when the war was over. She was born in Denmark and wrote a trilogy about life in Scandinavia during the Middle Ages, called "Kristin Lavransdatter."

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1931

Born in Cedarville, Ill., Jane Addams was a social worker and a feminist. She stood at the forefront of the settlement house movement in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and was the first American woman to receive the Nobel Peace Prize.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Chemistry- Year: 1935

Born in Paris, this French scientist was the daughter of Nobel winners Marie Curie and Pierre Curie. Jointly with her husband, Joliot-Curie was awarded the Nobel for discovering artificial radioactivity. Her research was an important step in the discovery of uranium fission.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1938

Pearl Buck, who was born in West Virginia, began writing in the '20s. She was the daughter of missionaries and spent most of her life before 1934 in Zhenjiang, China. Her novel "The Good Earth" won the Pulitzer Prize in 1932 and was a best-seller.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1945

Mistral is a pseudonym for Lucila Godoy y Alcayaga. She was born in Vicua, Chile, and began to write poetry after her lover, a railway employee, committed suicide. She taught at various universities around the U.S.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1946

Balch was 79 when she received the Nobel. An American economist and sociologist born in Boston, she tackled difficult social issues, from poverty to immigration, that were widespread at the time.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 1947

Born in Prague, Gerty Theresa Cori was a Jewish Austrian American biochemist. She was married to Carl Cori, and the two studied how the body utilizes energy. Both are credited for development of the Cori cycle, an essential part of metabolism.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physics- Year: 1963

Goeppert-Mayer was born in Germany. After she married, she migrated to America, where she worked on an American atom bomb project during World War II. Her work uncovered important discoveries about nuclear structure, and Goeppert-Mayer is one of only two women to win the Nobel Prize in physics.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Chemistry- Year: 1964

Hodgkin was a British chemist whose interest in research began when, as a child, she received a chemistry book containing experiments with crystals. She studied at Oxford University and developed protein crystallography, which advanced the development of X-rays. This earned her the Nobel Prize.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1966

Nelly Sachs was a writer whose experiences during World War II resonated with other Jewish people. She wrote plays and poetry collections, such as "Zeichen im Sand," and did not shy away from difficult subjects, such as the horrors of life in concentration camps.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1976

A peace activist who began working in the Northern Ireland peace movement and later co-founded the Community for Peace People, Mairead Corrigan was born in Belfast. Her sister, who was the Northern Irish secretary, lost three of her children in a shooting incident in Belfast. She and a witness to the crime founded a peace organization to help put the conflict to rest.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1976

Betty Williams was the witness to the killing of Mairead Corrigan's sister's three children, and she jointly shares the Nobel Peace Prize with Corrigan, as the co-founder of the Community for Peace People. An advocate of religious tolerance, Williams is the daughter of a Protestant father and Catholic mother.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 1977

Rosalyn Yalow, a lifelong New Yorker, was a nuclear physicist. She shares the Nobel for the development of the radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique with physician Solomon Berson. The duo proved that type 2 diabetes is caused by the body's inefficient usenot a lackof insulin. RIA can be used to measure hormones in the blood.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1979

Mother Teresa was only 12 when she felt called to God and became a missionary. She joined the convent, then left to work among the slums of Calcutta. Wanting to help, she created the Missionaries of Charity, and by the same year she won her Nobel, there were 158 Missionaries of Charity foundations.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1982

This Swedish diplomat shared the Nobel with Alfonso Garcia Robles, a Mexican diplomat who, like Myrdal, advocated nuclear disarmament. Myrdal worked for the United Nations and for UNESCO.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 1983

By studying the hereditary of corn, such as the different colors of kernels, McClintock proved that genetic elements can sometimes swap into a new position on a chromosome. McClintock, who was from Connecticut, studied at Cornell's College of Agriculture.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 1986

Born in Italy, Rita Levi-Montalcini received the Nobel for her work in neurobiology. She shares the honor jointly with her colleague Stanley Cohen for the discovery of "nerve growth factor" that has shed new light on tumors, wound healing, and other medical problems.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 1988

Gertrude Elion's discoveries of important principles for drug treatment garnered the Nobel for her. Elion had watched her grandfather die of cancer, and she vowed to fight the disease throughout her life. Elion, together with George Hitchingswho shares the award with hercreated a system for drug production that relies heavily on biochemistry.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1991

Nadine Gordimer, a South African child of Jewish immigrants, was a writer who was only 15 when her first literary work was published. But it was her novel, "The Conservationist," for which she was well known. A good portion of her work discussed apartheid.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1991

Aung San Suu Kyi is a modern symbol of freedom for Burma (Myanmar), as she opposes violence, in the spirit of Mahatma Gandhi. She assumed a leading role in opposing Burma's military junta and was a founder of the National League for Democracy.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1992

This Guatemalan Indian-rights activist gained worldwide attention with her book "I, Rigoberta Mench," a memoir that recaps the murders of her brother and mother. She received the Nobel for efforts to achieve social justice in Guatemala.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1993

Toni Morrison's book "Beloved" earned her the Pulitzer Prize and the American Book Award. Born in Ohio, Morrison was a writer whose work often chronicled life in the Black community; she also served as professor emeritus at Princeton University.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 1995

Called "decidedly lazy" by a high school teacher, Christiane Nsslein-Volhard is a geneticist who published her first book for a popular audience, "Coming to Life," in 2006. One of only 12 women to win a Nobel in the sciences, she took the helm of a landmark study that looked at genetic mutations in the fruit fly.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 1996

A native of Poland, Wislawa Szymborska was recognized by the Nobel committee for writing poetry that has "ironic precision." Szymborska lived most of her life in Krakow. She attended Jagiellonian University and studied Polish literature.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 1997

Jody Williams, born in Vermont, advocates against landmines and is a prominent peace activist. She got her feet wet doing aid work in El Salvador and helped launch an international campaign against landmines.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 2003

Ebadi earned her Nobel for spearheading democracy and furthering human rights, especially as they relate to women, refugees, and children. She's also an Iranian lawyer and the founder of the Defenders of Human Rights Center.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 2004

Buck attributes her mother's interest in puzzles as what ignited the flame for her interest in science. She is an American biologist and Seattle native whose work on olfactory receptors earned her the Nobel, along with Richard Axel.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 2004

Born in Nyeri, Kenya, Wangari Muta Maathai was the first woman in East and Central Africa to receive a doctorate degree. All her work to advance democracy and human rights earned her Nobel. She has spoken in front of the U.N. and at special sessions of the General Assembly.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 2004

Although a social phobia prevented this Austrian author from accepting her Nobel in person, Jelinek has composed famous works such as the novels "The Piano Teacher" and "Lust." She is a critic of modern consumer society and sets out in her work to chronicle the hidden structures of topics such as sexism.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 2007

First published at age 15, Lessing was a visionary novelist, poet, and playwright. She was born in Iran to British parents, later moved to London, and has written 50 books.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 2008

Franoise Barr-Sinoussi made strides against the AIDS epidemic and in advancing treatment for her work with HIV. Barr-Sinoussi shares the Nobel with Luc Montagnier, who discovered a retrovirus in patients marked with swollen lymph glands that attacked lymphocytes.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 2009

Carol Greider, an American molecular biologist, is a professor at Johns Hopkins University. She shares her Nobel with Elizabeth Blackburn and Jack W. Szostak for their studies of the telomere, an enzyme structure at the end of chromosomes that protects it.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 2009

This Romanian-born German writer won the Nobel Prize for writings that showcased the harshness of life in Romania under dictator Nicolae Ceauescu. Themes such as totalitarianism and exile are the threads that permeate her work.

- Award: Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel- Year: 2009

Elinor Ostrom was an American political economist whose groundbreaking research revealed that ordinary people can create guidelines that allow for the sustainable and fair management of shared resources. This discovery earned her the Nobel, which she shared with economist Oliver Williamson, a University of California, Berkeley professor.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 2009

The daughter of two doctors, Blackburn studied the telomere, a structure at the end of chromosomes that protects it. She is responsible for co-discovering telomerase, which is an enzyme that replenishes the telomere. She shares her Nobel with Carol W. Greider and Jack W. Szostak.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Chemistry- Year: 2009

Ada E. Yonath is an Israeli crystallographer best known for her work on the structure of the ribosome, a cellular particle. As a post-doc fellow at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, she started to investigate the structure of ribosomes using X-ray crystallography. Yonath is a member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 2011

Ellen Johnson Sirleaf was the first elected female head of state in Africa. She has written many books and was one of three recipientsalong with Leymah Gbowee and Tawakkol Karman, who won the Nobel for efforts to further women's rights.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 2011

A Yemeni journalist, Karman has been involved in demonstrations and actions critical of the Yemeni regime, where democracy is restricted. She has even been arrested, and murder threats were made on her life. Karman co-founded the group Women Journalists Without Chains to promote freedom of expression and democratic rights.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 2011

This Liberian peace activist is the founder and president of the Gbowee Peace Foundation Africa. She's most recognized for leading a peaceful movement, combining both Christian and Muslim women, to help end Liberia's civil war.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Literature- Year: 2013

Most of Munro's books are short story collections. Most of them are set in her home nation of Canada and examine relationships through the lens of everyday events. They are not first person, but most of them reflect her experiences.

- Award: Nobel Peace Prize- Year: 2014

Malala Yousafzai has made a huge impact in Pakistan, demanding gender equality, specifically fighting for girls to be allowed to receive an education. A Taliban gunman shot her in the head when she was coming home from school in 2012, but she survived and won the Nobel Peace Prize two years later, becoming the youngest-ever Nobel laureate.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 2014

May-Britt Moser studied psychology and made a crucial discovery that provided insight on how humans and animals know where they are. Moser found a certain cell that determines one's position; it is close to the hippocampus, centrally located in the brain.

- Award: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine- Year: 2015

Excerpt from:
These Are the 57 Women Who Have Won the Nobel Prize - Newsweek

Physiology

BLOGGING THE VIEW: Seven inspiring (and often unknown) facts about South Africa – Zululand Observer

As we continue to work our way through the 10th month of 2020, the stress of the year might begin to take its toll.

Weve survived a pandemic, lost loved ones, had long-held dreams overturned and are sitting with a bank balance substantially depleted.

But the key thing is weve made it this far, and will continue to overcome the difficulties of the year by looking at the positives around us.

Heres an inspirational overview of our countrys achievements over the years as a way to get in the right frame of mind going forwards.

Most official languages on the globeA diverse and multi-cultural society, South Africa is the only country in the world that recognises all 11 languages as official. Most of the citizens can speak at least two of the following languages:* English* isiZulu* isiXhosa* Afrikaans* isiNdebele* Sepedi* Setswana* Sesotho* Xitsonga* SiSwati* Tshivenda

One of first countries legalising same-sex marriageWith one of the most modern constitutions in the world, South Africa was one of the forerunners in legalising same-sex marriage.In fact, South Africa was the fifth country globally to pass this legislation back in 2006.However, there are still many cultures that do not embrace the lifestyle and work is being done to encourage open-minded debate and discussion.

Nobel laureate winnersThe country has many influential citizens, some of whom have been recognised on the international stage with Nobel Prizes.Two of our Nobel Prize winners (Nelson Mandela and Desmond Tutu) even lived on the same street Vilikazi Street in Soweto.Nobel Prize winners who lived in South Africa when they won the award:* Max Theiler: Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine (1951)* Albert Luthuli: Nobel Prize for Peace (1960)* Desmond Tutu: Nobel Prize for Peace (1984)* Nadine Gordimer: Nobel Prize in Literature (1991)* Nelson Mandela: Nobel Prize for Peace (1993)* Frederik W de Klerk: Nobel Prize for Peace (1993)* John M Coetzee: Nobel Prize in Literature (2003)Nobel Prize winners born in South Africa but residing elsewhere at the time of the award:* Allan M Cormack: Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine (1979)* Sydney Brenner: Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine (2002)

Coastline of shipwrecksThe wealth of minerals and riches has drawn many an intrepid traveller to South Africas rocky shores, some of whom have had success, many of whom have ended at the bottom of the ocean. Because of this, the 2 500km coastline has more than 2 000 shipwrecks, some more than five centuries old, with many world-class diving sites giving visitors the chance to view them up close.

Worlds highest bungee jumpExtreme adventurers come to South Africa every year to navigate river rapids, swim with sharks and jump off cliffs. In fact, the country is home to the worlds highest commercial bridge-based bungee, the 216m high Bloukrans Bridge in the Eastern Cape.

Astronomical impactThe natural abundance and historical notables found within South Africa have resulted in many World Heritage Sites proclaimed, one of which is the Vredefort Dome. This is home to Earths largest meteor crater which is evidence of the greatest single release of energy in Earths history.The impact crater is about 300km in radius, estimated to be travelling 36 000km per hour

Worlds deepest mineRenowned for its gold mines which triggered the 1886 gold rush, South Africa is home to the worlds deepest mine Mponeng Gold Mine in Witwatersrand.Sitting some 4km deep, the mine could fit 10 Empire State Buildings stacked on top of each other.

While being inspired by past achievements, we can also look forward to great things in the future, no matter whats happening right now!

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BLOGGING THE VIEW: Seven inspiring (and often unknown) facts about South Africa - Zululand Observer

Biochemistry

Global Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market (Impact of COVID-19) Size, Status, Top Players, Trends and Forecast to 2026| Beckman Coulter, Hitachi,…

Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market 2020 Updated for the impact of COVID-19Chicago, United States,- Report Hive Research announces the release of the report Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market Research Report by Top Keyplayers, by Type, by Application, Global Forecast to 2025 Cumulative Impact of COVID-19

Latest update onAutomated Biochemical Analyzers MarketAnalysis report published with extensive market research, Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market Growth analysis, and forecast by 2025. This report is highly predictive as it holds the overall market analysis of topmost companies into the Automated Biochemical Analyzers industry. With the classified Automated Biochemical Analyzers market research based on various growing regions, this report provides leading players portfolio along with sales, Growth, market share, and so on.

The report highlights several significant features of the global Automated Biochemical Analyzers market encompassing competitive landscape, segmentation analysis, and industry environment. It shows the scope of the market and a brief overview of the definition and description of the product or service. The potential factors that can bring the market to the upward direction have been mentioned in the report. With this report, companies, as well as individuals interested in this report, will get proven valuable guidelines and direction so that they consolidate their position in the market. The report assesses the key opportunities in the market and outlines the factors that are and will be driving the Growth of the Automated Biochemical Analyzers industry. Growth of the overall Automated Biochemical Analyzers market has also been forecasted for the period 2020-2025, taking into consideration the previous Growth patterns, the Growth drivers and the current and future trends.

Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market competition by top Manufacturers:<>

Beckman Coulter, Hitachi, Roche, KHB, Thermo Scientific, Dirui, Toshiba, Gaomi Caihong, Sunostik, Urit, Mindray Medical, Abbott, Senlo, Tecom Science, Siemens Healthcare, Rayto

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The report provides insights on the following pointers:

NOTE: Our team is studying Covid-19 impact analysis on various industry verticals and Country Level impact for a better analysis of markets and industries. The 2020 latest edition of this report is entitled to provide additional commentary on latest scenario, economic slowdown and COVID-19 impact on overall industry. Further it will also provide qualitative information about when industry could come back on track and what possible measures industry players are taking to deal with current situation.

Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market Report covers the manufacturers data, including shipment, price, revenue, gross profit, interview record, business distribution etc., these data help the consumer know about the competitors better. This report also covers all the regions and countries of the world, which shows a regional development status, including Automated Biochemical Analyzers market size, volume and value, as well as price data.

Fully automatic biochemistry analyzer (FABCA) is a high performance micro-controller based Photometric biochemistry analyzer used to measure various blood biochemical parameters such as blood glucose, urea, protein, and bilirubin etc. that are associated with various disorders such as diabetes, kidney diseases, liver malfunctions and other metabolic derangements. The quantization of these parameters is helpful in diagnosing health disorder. In the proposed project work, it is planned to automate the filter selection, sample aspiration, auto-calibration and other related parameters to be controlled through micro-controller based hardware and software system. It is proposed to automate the sample handling system to cope up with the large no. of blood sample at a time. The modular design of automatic biochemistry analyzer (ABC) analyzer facilitate to be controlled via laptop or PC by usingThe global Automated Biochemical Analyzers market is expected to reach xxx Million USD by 2025, with a CAGR of xx% from 2020 to 2025.

Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market Classification by Types:

Floor-standingBench-top

Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market Size by End-user Application:

Primary HospitalPrefectural HospitalProvincial Hospital

Regional Analysis:The report comprises of regional development status, covering all the major regions of the world. This regional status shows the size (in terms of value and volume), and price data for the global Automated Biochemical Analyzers market. The development of the industry is assessed with information on the current status of the industry in various regions. Data type assessed concerning various regions includes capacity, production, market share, price, revenue, cost, gross, gross margin, Growth rate, consumption, import, export, etc.

Regional coverage:North America (United States, Canada and Mexico), Europe (Germany, France, UK, Russia and Italy), Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India and Southeast Asia), South America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia etc.), Middle East and Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria and South Africa)

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The research report of the Automated Biochemical Analyzers market is predicted to accrue a significant remuneration portfolio by the end of the predicted time period. It includes parameters with respect to the Automated Biochemical Analyzers market dynamics incorporating varied driving forces affecting the commercialization graph of this business vertical and risks prevailing in the sphere. In addition, it also speaks about the Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market Growth opportunities in the industry.

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Major Highlights from Table of contents are listed below for quick lookup into Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market report

In this report, Leading players of the global Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market are analyzed taking into account their market share, recent developments, new product launches, partnerships, mergers or acquisitions, and markets served. We also provide an exhaustive analysis of their product portfolios to explore the products and applications they concentrate on when operating in the global Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market. Furthermore, the report offers two separate market forecasts one for the production side and another for the consumption side of the global Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market. It also provides useful recommendations for new as well as established players of the global Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market.

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Report Hive Research delivers strategic market research reports, statistical surveys, industry analysis and forecast data on products and services, markets and companies. Our clientele ranges mix of global business leaders, government organizations, SMEs, individuals and Start-ups, top management consulting firms, universities, etc. Our library of 700,000 + reports targets high Growth emerging markets in the USA, Europe Middle East, Africa, Asia Pacific covering industries like IT, Telecom, Semiconductor, Chemical, Healthcare, Pharmaceutical, Energy and Power, Manufacturing, Automotive and Transportation, Food and Beverages, etc. This large collection of insightful reports assists clients to stay ahead of time and competition. We help in business decision-making on aspects such as market entry strategies, market sizing, market share analysis, sales and revenue, technology trends, competitive analysis, product portfolio, and application analysis, etc.

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Global Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market (Impact of COVID-19) Size, Status, Top Players, Trends and Forecast to 2026| Beckman Coulter, Hitachi,...

Biochemistry

Dr. Amy Liao Receives the Wallace A. Coulter Award for Healthcare Innovation – PRNewswire

CHELMSFORD, Mass., Oct. 16, 2020 /PRNewswire/ --Brooks Automation, Inc. (Nasdaq: BRKS) announced today that Dr. Amy Liao, president of Brooks Life Science Services, has received the Biomedical Engineering Society's Wallace A. Coulter award for innovation in healthcare. The Coulter award recognizes an outstanding individual who has demonstrated a lifetime commitment to and made important contributions to patient healthcare. Dr. Liao will be speaking at the plenary session of the 2020 Biomedical Engineering Society's virtual meeting on Friday October 16, 2020.

"We are very proud to see Amy recognized by the Biomedical Engineering Society with this award," commented Steve Schwartz, CEO and president of Brooks Automation. "Amy's accomplishments with over 20 years in the field of genomics has led to breakthrough innovations in gene sequencing and gene synthesis, and in GENEWIZ, she built a company that has supported thousands of customers in their pursuit of scientific discoveries. All of us at Brooks congratulate Amy for this recognition of her achievements."

Dr. Amy Liao was appointed President of Brooks Life Sciences Services in April 2020. She joined Brooks in November 2018 following its acquisition of GENEWIZ, a global provider of genomics services, which she co-founded in 1999. Dr. Liao held various leadership positions during her tenure at GENEWIZ culminating in her appointment as Chief Executive Officer in January 2017. Dr. Liao received her Ph.D. in Biochemistry and Cell Biology from SUNY Stony Brook. She did her post doctorate studies at Columbia University before leaving to found GENEWIZ. She holds a B.S. in Biochemistry from Nankai University, China and an M.S. in Biochemistry from Tsinghua University, China.

About Brooks AutomationBrooks (Nasdaq: BRKS) is a leading provider of life science sample-based solutions and semiconductor manufacturing solutions worldwide. The Company's Life Sciences business provides a full suite of reliable cold-chain sample management solutions and genomic services across areas such as drug development, clinical research and advanced cell therapies for the industry's top pharmaceutical, biotech, academic and healthcare institutions globally. Brooks Life Sciences' GENEWIZ division is a leading provider of DNA gene sequencing and gene synthesis services. With over 40 years as a partner to the semiconductor manufacturing industry, Brooks is a provider of industry-leading precision vacuum robotics, integrated automation systems and contamination control solutions to the world's leading semiconductor chip makers and equipment manufacturers. Brooks is headquartered in Chelmsford, MA, with operations in North America, Europe and Asia. For more information, visit http://www.brooks.com.

INVESTOR and MEDIA CONTACT:

Mark NamaroffDirector, Investor RelationsBrooks Automation 978.262.2635[emailprotected]

SOURCE Brooks Automation

http://www.brooks.com

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Dr. Amy Liao Receives the Wallace A. Coulter Award for Healthcare Innovation - PRNewswire

Biochemistry

Eckley Scholar Erin Yuan ’21 Studies Antioxidants in Spices and Tea – Illinois Wesleyan University

Erin Yuan 21

Oct. 16, 2020

BLOOMINGTON, Ill. Senior chemistry major Erin Yuan 21 brought the kitchen into the chemistry lab with her 2020 Eckley research project, studying the interactions of antioxidant contents and properties in tea and spices.

Yuan completed her independent research project as an Illinois Wesleyan University Robert S. and Nell B. Eckley Scholars and Artists Program Scholar, a yearly fellowship offered in the summer to five upperclass students across the arts and sciences.

With the aid of her faculty advisor, Associate Professor in the Chemistry and Biochemistry Department Manori Perera, Yuan studied the difference of antioxidants present in tea and spices, in order to observe the effect of combining them. Yuan hypothesized that novel mixtures, such as cinnamon tea, would significantly differ in antioxidant content from pure spices and tea.

Despite lab closures in June due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Yuan still made progress in her research with slight modification to the project initially proposed. She worked on a literature survey surrounding the project while also working on another component associated with antioxidants in tea. She brought to completion the development of an undergraduate lab that was started by previous research students in Pereras lab. This work led to a manuscript that was later submitted to a chemical education journal. Her work could be used in upper-level chemistry courses like quantitative analysis or capstone labs.

Once the chemistry laboratory reopened, Yuan analyzed the antioxidant concentration of 13 samples using mass spectroscopy an analytical tool useful for measuring the mass-to-charge ratio of one or more molecules present in a sample to determine the presence of antioxidants and UV-visible spectroscopy to test their properties. This work involved instrumentation at Illinois Wesleyan as well as Illinois State University.

While the data collected using mass spectroscopy was not able to clearly show that the hypothesis was valid or invalid, this work provided some new ideas that could enhance the project. For Yuan, this is another skill set that will help in any research lab or industrial work.

Those valuable experiences deepened my understanding of chemistry and strengthened my ability to conduct an independent study, which will make me more confident and comfortable in further studies, Yuan said.

I would describe this experience as a valuable opportunity for immersive learning and an excellent simulation of a researchers life. Unlike doing research during the semester, it gave me a chance to entirely focus on the project with a compact experimental process. What I learned through the project is going to be powerful support for my future study.

By Rachel McCarthy 21

Original post:
Eckley Scholar Erin Yuan '21 Studies Antioxidants in Spices and Tea - Illinois Wesleyan University

Biochemistry

Volleyball: Gonzaga’s Talarico provides on and off the court – Bulletin

In volleyball, the libero jersey is not something one just gets. It takes years of hard work and practice to get to this top defensive position.

The same is true for biochemistry majors. They have to spend two years in challenging weed out classes to prove that they belong in their major.

Julia Talarico has proven herself in both these areas as a senior biochemistry major and libero on the Gonzaga volleyball team.

However, it hasnt been an easy road to get to where she is now. Talarico has had to earn her way up to the top.

The first year was a figure it out year for both of us, said Diane Nelson, the head coach of the volleyball team. From me to her it was about who are you. And from her to the program it was about how does she fit into this program.

Freshmen tend to have a challenging first year and Id say she did. She had to learn a ton. I could tell a lot of it had to do with her confidence. We really spent that freshman summer and sophomore year teaching her how to talk to herself positively and evaluate her day to day work in a way that is process oriented not outcome oriented. She started to develop those skills that allowed her to be freer and freer every day.

Talarico found her passion for volleyball at a young age and that passion only grew once she got to GU.

She began playing volleyball when she was 10 in her hometown Chandler, Arizona and began playing club volleyball at 11.

GU was a perfect fit for Talarico both academically and athletically.

I got a phone meeting with Gonzaga, with Diane actually who was an assistant coach at the time, and they said they wanted to get a better look at me and invited me to go to their camp where all the other recruits are too, Talarico said.

She went on to say that at the time she wasnt sure if shed make the team because there were eight other people up for the open positions.

She came to campus on a visit, and I remember it very clearly, she wanted to see a match and that was kind of the last piece in that being the right fit for her, Nelson said. I remember after that match she came up to me and I was thinking she was going to say This isnt the right place to me. But, she came up to me and said I think I really want to be a Zag.

Over the last few years Talarico has grown immensely. She went form not seeing very much court time her freshman year to being one of the most important players on the court.

Junior year I think for Julia was the turning point for her," Nelson said. "We needed a change on the court and each opportunity she got she became more impactful on the court, she started to become the reason the game would change."

Talarico sees putting on the libero jersey as one of the highlights of her college career.

When I first put on the libero jersey it was right in the middle of a game, so I was excited, Talarico said. Its something you are not going to get just by showing up.

Her major is the same way. Advancing within the biochemistry major is not easy, but Talaricos passion for science has only grown stronger over the past three years.

Ever since I was in elementary school, Ive always loved the idea of science, Talarico said. Knowing that you can manipulate molecules and that theyre basically everywhere we live theyre in our bodies, in our world in our air thinking about how these little molecules control our everyday life is really interesting to me.

Finding the balance between volleyball and biochemistry has been a challenge but one that Talarico was ready and willing to take on.

With biochemistry it has nothing to do with athletics or working out, Talarico said. I think I had to start from scratch in learning about the major."

I think its kind of cool that Im the only athlete and I can make so many relationships with normal students. Some students didnt even know I was an athlete until a year or two in. They ask how I balance that and volleyball and I just say, I dont know I dont really have a choice; I just do it, said Talarico.

Over the past two semesters she has had the opportunity to be a teachers assistant for organic chemistry. She is also working on research and her thesis on top of playing volleyball.

Knowing that I can still have science be a part of my life while also still playing volleyball showed my professors that Im not just going through the motions with science I really want to apply myself and make it work with both things being a student and an athlete, Talarico said.

Nelson said Talarico is really good at balancing school and volleyball. The work Talarico puts in on court and in the classroom is clear. She wouldnt have the libero jersey if it wasn't.

She earned the jersey," Nelson said. "She rose to the top of that crew. She felt like it was her turn but she still had to separate herself. We had five defensive specialists in our gym last year and she had to become number one in order to get the jersey.

Talarico is ready to take on an even bigger role this year as the libero and is excited to lead the team and help her teammates develop like she has over the past three years.

I really couldnt be where I am today without everyone in the volleyball community especially my coaches and teammates, Talarico said. They have pushed me so much to be the player I am today. Sure, we all have accomplishments and I have my personal accomplishments, but I couldnt have done that without them pushing me every single day in practice. Its definitely been a team effort to get to where I am today.

Riley Utley is the editor-in-chief. Follow her on Twitter: @rileyutley.

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Volleyball: Gonzaga's Talarico provides on and off the court - Bulletin