All posts by medical

Neuroscience

Researchers develop artificial liquid retinal prosthesis to counteract the effects of eye disorders – News-Medical.Net

Researchers at IIT-Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (Italian Institute of Technology) has led to the revolutionary development of an artificial liquid retinal prosthesis to counteract the effects of diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration that cause the progressive degeneration of photoreceptors of the retina, resulting in blindness.

The study has been published in Nature Nanotechnology:

The multidisciplinary team is composed by researchers from the IIT's Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology in Genoa coordinated by Fabio Benfenati and a team from the IIT's Center for Nano Science and Technology in Milan coordinated by Guglielmo Lanzani.

It also involves the IRCCS Ospedale Sacrocuore Don Calabria in Negrar (Verona) with the team lead by Grazia Pertile, the IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino in Genoa and the CNR in Bologna. The research has been supported by Fondazione 13 Marzo Onlus, Fondazione Ra.Mo., Rare Partners srl and Fondazione Cariplo.

The study represents the state of the art in retinal prosthetics and is an evolution of the planar artificial retinal model developed by the same team in 2017 and based on organic semiconductor materials (Nature Materials 2017, 16: 681-689).

The "second generation" artificial retina is biomimetic, offers high spatial resolution and consists of an aqueous component in which photoactive polymeric nanoparticles (whose size is of 350 nanometres, thus about 1/100 of the diameter of a hair) are suspended, going to replace the damaged photoreceptors.

The experimental results show that the natural light stimulation of nanoparticles, in fact, causes the activation of retinal neurons spared from degeneration, thus mimicking the functioning of photoreceptors in healthy subjects.

Compared to other existing approaches, the new liquid nature of the prosthesis ensures fast and less traumatic surgery that consist of microinjections of nanoparticles directly under the retina, where they remain trapped and replace the degenerated photoreceptors; this method also ensures an increased effectiveness.

The data collected show also that the innovative experimental technique represents a valid alternative to the methods used to date to restore the photoreceptive capacity of retinal neurons while preserving their spatial resolution, laying a solid foundation for future clinical trials in humans.

Moreover, the development of these photosensitive nanomaterials opens the way to new future applications in neuroscience and medicine.

Our experimental results highlight the potential relevance of nanomaterials in the development of second-generation retinal prostheses to treat degenerative retinal blindness, and represents a major step forward."

Fabio Benfenati, Researcher, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia

"The creation of a liquid artificial retinal implant has great potential to ensure a wide-field vision and high-resolution vision. Enclosing the photoactive polymers in particles that are smaller than the photoreceptors, increases the active surface of interaction with the retinal neurons, allows to easily cover the entire retinal surface and to scale the photoactivation at the level of a single photoreceptor."

"In this research we have applied nanotechnology to medicine" concludes Guglielmo Lanzani. "In particular in our labs we have realized polymer nanoparticles that behave like tiny photovoltaic cells, based on carbon and hydrogen, fundamental components of the biochemistry of life.

Once injected into the retina, these nanoparticles form small aggregates the size of which is comparable to that of neurons, that effectively behave like photoreceptors."

"The surgical procedure for the subretinal injection of photoactive nanoparticles is minimally invasive and potentially replicable over time, unlike planar retinal prostheses" adds Grazia Pertile, Director at Operating Unit of Ophthalmology at IRCCS Ospedale Sacro Cuore Don Calabria.

"At the same time maintaining the advantages of polymeric prosthesis, which is naturally sensitive to the light entering the eye and does not require glasses, cameras or external energy sources."

The research study is based on preclinical models and further experimentations will be fundamental to make the technique a clinical treatment for diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration.

Source:

Journal reference:

Maya-Vatencourt, J. F., et al. (2020) Subretinally injected semiconducting polymer nanoparticles rescue vision in a rat model of retinal dystrophy. Nature Nanotechnology. doi.org/10.1038/s41565-020-0696-3.

Read more:
Researchers develop artificial liquid retinal prosthesis to counteract the effects of eye disorders - News-Medical.Net

Neuroscience

Is This Column a Coherent Perspective? – Fair Observer

In a previous article on Fair Observer, I describe an unusual new way of communicating the most important parts of scientific truth through potentially noisy, biased news media. The key innovation is to consider them together, all at once, as a kind of jigsaw-puzzle about scientific truth, or a jigsaw textbook.

My own lofty, earnest hope is that the 20 articles I have written for Fair Observer so far (most under the column dubbed Tech Turncoat Truths or TTT), when assembled in that fashion, should provide my fellow human creatures with obvious, intuitive principles protecting ourselves. Not protecting money or power.

In writing this column, I have hewn as close to the scientific ideals of non-bias, simplicity, clarity and coherence as I can. Thats easier than it seems because their unifying reference frame is neuromechanical trust the trust humans have in our senses and ourselves. I am co-author of perhaps the only peer-reviewed quantitative framework explaining how humans (and even machines) form trust, the 60-page Sensory Metrics of Neuromechanical Trust. An additional, equivalent set of principles can be found in the Warrants section of the paper, 9.5 Hypotheses on the Informational Structure of Life. Both sets of principles comprise one of very few grand unified theories claiming to explain life, nervous systems, communication and economics. Of those grand theories, it is probably the only one explained directly to the public by an original author, no middlemen. I would be delighted to hear of any others.

That theory, in turn, itself originated in the capstone of my neuroscience career a research paper describing the physical structure of an ideal brain. In physics, the word ideal means not best but idealization, like an ideal gas made of simple particles. The function of an ideal brain, by the way, is defined as its hardest computational task. In brains, that task turns out to be simulating accurate, moving 3-D images of body and world using vastly insufficient sensory data. For such a near-impossible computation, the only plausible brain hardware would involve a nanoscopic medium I call simulatrix, which would compute with wavefronts. Experiments have not discovered simulatrix, but neither have they looked for it.

In all this work, my equal partner has been narratologist Criscillia Benford, whose mathematical understanding of commercial media in general (and multiplot novels like Bleak House in particular) is as broad as the ideal brain project. Fortunately, our two frameworks agree. We separately pursued those for a decade, before collaborating for another decade without ideological agenda or institutional funding. Our two approaches overlap so well because her understanding of human symbolic communication, my understanding of the brain and our mutual understanding of neuromechanical trust can all be grounded, in common, in the mathematical information sciences.

Transparency, objectivity and coherence are hard to get right in any perspective. But if you do get them right, it becomes all the harder for others to tamper with your ideas after the fact. So in evaluating a potentially coherent perspective, clarity and transparency ought to be the first things a reader looks for, even before checking facts or consistency.

First, if a scientific perspective isnt clear and transparent, you cant even check if it makes sense, much less use it even if it is. So as a first step, read a few TTT articles, besides these this one and its twin. Do they make sense to you? If not, save yourself the trouble of reading further.

Second, do they at least look like they might be intellectually coherent, as if they really did draw on the same few simple source ideas? To do that test, ultimately youd have to read each article, list ideas in them and compare pairs of ideas across the articles.That takes way more time and thought, so save it for later.

As an easier first step, one can at least look at what disciplinary subjects each article covers. If the pool of source ideas is, in fact, small and deep, different disciplines should be equally represented and equally interconnected. I believe that is the case, so below Ive taken the first step to make it even easier.

These articles are all grounded in the laws of information flow, which connect scientific disciplines as diverse as neuroscience, computer science and economics. In the table below, each article is labeled by the quantitative scientific disciplines it invokes. Each article is inter-disciplinary but in different ways.

For each of the preceding 18 articles, I have checked the major quantitative disciples it involves. Inspection shows that every discipline is connected to every other one at least once. This does not mean the articles are true, or even internally self-consistent. It merely does show that TTTs subject matter is not biased toward any particular discipline, and it links disciplines roughly symmetrically. That means that if the ideas do prove self-consistent, they could at least be a candidate for a coherent perspective.

If they pass these first two steps with you, the next step for you is to decide how much you care about ideal scientific truth. The more you want to know about ideal science, the more you will want to behave and think like an ideal reader. But whether or not your reading is ideal, youre still a perfect human being, just as you are. The truth is simple and true, but you dont need to know it to live.

*[Big tech has done an excellent job telling us about itself. Thiscolumn, dubbed Tech Turncoat Truths, or TTT, goes beyond the hype, exploring how digital technology affects human minds and bodies. The picture isnt pretty, but we dont need pretty pictures. We need to see the truth of what were doing to ourselves.]

The views expressed in this article are the authors own and do not necessarily reflect Fair Observers editorial policy.

Read the original:
Is This Column a Coherent Perspective? - Fair Observer

Cell Biology

AstroDancing With The Stars – Astrobites

Title: AstroDance: Engaging Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Students in Astrophysics via Multimedia Performances

Authors: J. Nordhaus, M. Campanelli, J. Bochner, T. Warfield, H.-P. Bischof, J. Noel-Storr

First authors institution: Rochester Institute of Technology

Journal: Open Access here

Deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) students commonly come into and out of the classroom knowing less content than their hearing classmates (Marschark et al. 2008). As a direct consequence, DHH students earn STEM bachelor degrees at lower rates than their hearing classmates (15% DHH vs. 25% hearing); this in turn causes the DHH community to be underrepresented in STEM fields as a whole. It is important that we, as a scientific community, make science accessible and scientific careers attainable to all. One such method of making astronomy more inclusive to the DHH community is AstroDance!

What is AstroDance?

Created by a team of astrophysicists, science educators, dancers, computer programmers, and choreographers, AstroDance is a multi-media performance that incorporates both signed and visual components. Based largely around gravitational wave astronomy, each scientific section of this program starts with a short story narrated in English and American Sign Language (ASL) and is then followed by an interpretive dance with music and scientifically accurate images projected on the back of the stage. These images were largely taken from scientific work done by members of the Center for Computational Relativity and Gravitation at the Rochester Institute of Technology. See the video below from the authors of this paper summarizing their work and showing clips from a performance. AstroDance first premiered at the Little Theater in Rochester, NY as part of the Fringe Festival in 2012. Following this premiere was a year-long, 20-stop tour around the Northeastern states of the US.

What did audiences take away?

After each show, attendees were asked to complete a brief anonymous survey about their experience. In addition to demographic information {age, (binary) gender, race/ethnicity, & hearing status}, the survey asked participants to rate their enjoyment of the program, how much science they learned, and how much they participated in other science activities. Finally, survey participants were asked to describe the performance, share what they learned, and whether they had any comments.

Of the ~20 performances of AstroDance, 971 survey responses were collected. Though only binary gender options were presented, of the 971 responses, there were roughly equal numbers of boys/men and girls/women. 89% (866) participants offered ethnicity data (see Fig. 1 for a pie chart); all non-white ethnicity percentages are above the national average! Shown in Figure 2 is the distribution of hearing status of audience members by age. There were roughly equal numbers of DHH members as there were hearing.

When analyzing results from the scaled questions, the authors of todays paper enlisted an age cutoff of 22 years, as they expect a large majority of those responses are from students. The results from these three (3) questions are shown in Figure 3. Both the hearing and DHH groups equally enjoyed the performances, but the DHH group significantly learned more science from the performances and participated in more science related activities (p-values of 0.001 and 0.00001, respectively).

When analyzing the responses to the free-response questions, the authors chose to present a few representative responses for each in the paper. When asked how they might describe the performance to a friend or colleague, many of the responses said that this performance was a positive and complementary blend of art and science. A shared response was:

Different from regular performances I normally attend. There was narration, sign language interpretative audience interaction/participation, glow in the dark props. Yes, I learned that scientists and artists can work together to collaborate ideas/views.

Continuing on with the other free-response questions, when asked to explain something they had learned from the performance, many talked about the astrophysical objects taught in the show such as black holes and gravitational waves. The last free-response question allowed survey takers to leave any comments. The authors of the paper provided two given responses: This is great, creative, beautiful and didactic > do something please about cell biology and Artistic expression is a great way to teach an understanding of complex. scientific concepts. Beautiful costume design & props. Love the body movements forms!

What did AstroDance show?

Although dance is not usually someones idea of what science communication can be, this program has shown that it not only can be, but perhaps should be! The agreement between DHH and hearing students that they enjoyed the performances and learned a lot of science shows that AstroDance is an inclusive and effective science communication tool! The fact that DHH students learned more science than their hearing schoolmates highlights the importance of a program like AstroDance even more, as it shows that it was especially effective at engaging DHH audience members. Its important that we, as a scientific community, take every approach to make science accessible to all, especially by trying unconventional methods. AstroDance has offered us one way to make science, especially astronomy, more inclusive to the DHH community. I am excited to what AstroDance inspires us all to become!

About Huei SearsHuei Sears (she/her/hers) is a second-year graduate student at Ohio University studying astrophysics! Her research is focused on Gamma-Ray Burst host galaxies & how they fit into the mass-metallicity relationship. Previously she was at Michigan State University searching for the elusive period of B[e] supergiant, S18. In addition to research, she cares a lot about science communication, and is always looking for ways to make science more accessible. In her free time, she enjoys going to the gym, baking a new recipe, listening to Taylor Swift, watching the X-Files, and spending time with her little sister.

Read this article:
AstroDancing With The Stars - Astrobites

Biochemistry

Faculty positions in Biochemistry at SUSTech Medical School job with Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) | 273926 – The Chronicle…

The School of Medicine, Southern University of Science andTechnology (SUSTech), seeks outstanding applicants for full-timetenure-track/tenured faculty positions in all ranks. In our newlyestablished Department of Biochemistry, we welcome exceptionalcandidates in any areas of biochemistry including protein design,structural biology, protein misfolding diseases, nucleicacids,translational biology, proteomics, chromatin biology, proteintrafficking and metabolism. The successful candidate should have arecord of outstanding research creativity and productivity, and isexpected to establish an innovative, cutting-edge researchprogram.

Since its inception in 2012, SUSTech has quickly risen to a top 10university in mainland China. Located in Shenzhen, arguably themost dynamic and vibrant city in China, we have unique advantages,including but certainly not limited to: 1) a new university withinnovative spirits and little traditional barriers; 2) bilingualeducation with lectures conducted in English and/or Mandarin,attracting top global talents; 3) an internationally competitivestartup package that allows many PIs quickly build a team withdedicated researchers; 4) a highly collaborated environment withstrong administrative and scientific support.

SUSTech Medical School offers equal opportunity and welcomesapplicants of all ethnic backgrounds who can contribute to theexcellence and diversity of our academic community. Applicants mustpossess a Ph.D. and/or M.D. degree, demonstrated researchexcellence, and strong teaching ability. Candidates with clinicalbackground and a translational focus are encouraged to apply. Aglobally competitive start-up package will be provided tosuccessful candidates. Salary and rank will commensurate withqualifications and experience.

All applicants should submit the following documents tohraoh@hotmail.com or hr-med@sustech.edu.cn : (1) Curriculum Vitae,(2) a Statement of Research and Teaching Interests.

More here:
Faculty positions in Biochemistry at SUSTech Medical School job with Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) | 273926 - The Chronicle...

Biochemistry

UC San Diego: Sugar-coating disguise allows for coronavirus infection – According to Mary Poppins a spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down. In…

UC San Diego professor of chemistry and biochemistry Rommie Amaro.

According to Mary Poppins, a spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down. In the case of coronavirus, a cloak of sugar helps the virus infect. This sugary-coating disguise, made of molecules called glycans, tricks the human immune system into identifying the microbe as harmless. The resulting recognition failure keeps the body from generating the defensive antibodies needed to destroy the invading coronavirus.

Using the National Science Foundation-funded Frontera supercomputer at the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC), professor ofchemistry and biochemistryRommie Amaro along with her UC San Diego colleagues and researchers from Maynooth University in Dublin, Ireland, led by Elisa Fadda has uncovered the atomic makeup of the coronavirus's sugary cloak. The simulation and modeling reveal that glycans also prime the coronavirus for infection by changing the shape of its spike protein. Scientists hope this basic research will add to the arsenal of knowledge needed to defeat the COVID-19 virus.

The more we know about it, the more of its abilities that we're going to be able to go after and potentially take out, Amaro said. It isof such great importance that we learn as much as we can about the virus. And then hopefully we can translate those understandings into things that will be useful either in the clinic or the streets; for example, if we're trying to reduce transmission for what we know now about aerosols and wearing masks. All these things will be part of it. Basic research has a huge role to play in the war against COVID-19. And I'm happy to be a part of it. It's a strength that we have Frontera and TACC in our arsenal.

Glycans coat each of the 65-odd spike proteins that adorn the coronavirus. The sugar-like molecules account for about 40 percent of the spike protein by weight. The spike proteins are critical to cell infection because they lock onto the cell surface, giving the virus entry into the cell.

Amaro, along with her UC San Diego colleagues Lorenzo Casalino, Zied Gaieb, Abigail Dommer, Emilia Barros and Bryn Taylor, explained that even to make an initial connection, one of the pieces of the spike protein in its receptor binding domain has to lift up. It is one of the things Frontera part of theCOVID-19 HPC Consortiumalong withSan Diego Supercomputer Centerat UC San Diego helped reveal: that in the open conformation, there are two glycans that basically prop up the spike protein.

That was really surprising to see. It's one of the major results of our study. It suggests that the role of glycans in this case is going beyond shielding to potentially having these chemical groups actually being involved in the dynamics of the spike protein, said Amaro, a corresponding author of the study published online June 12, bybioRxiv,org, a preprint repository.

When that receptor binding domain lifts up into the open conformation, it actually lifts the important bits of the protein up over the glycan shield, Amaro said, adding that this contrasts with the closed conformation, where the shield covers the spike protein. Our analysis gives a potential reason why it does have to undergo these conformational changes, because if it just stays in the down position those glycans are basically going to block the binding from actually happening, she said, adding that the shifts in the conformations of the glycans triggered changes in the spike protein structure.

Amaro compared the action of the glycan to pulling the trigger of a gun. When that bit of the spike goes up, the finger is on the trigger of the infection machinery. That's when it's in its most dangerous mode it is locked and loaded, Amaro said. When it gets like that, all it has to do is come up against an ACE2 receptor in the human cell, and then it's going to bind super tightly and the cell is basically infected.

The research team used computational methods to build data-centric models of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and then used computer simulations to explore different scientific questions about the virus. They started with various experimental datasets that revealed the structure of the virus. This included cryo-EM structures from the Jason McLellan Lab of The University of Texas at Austin; and from the lab of David Veesler at the University of Washington.

Their structures are really amazing because they give researchers a picture of what these important molecular machines actually look like, Amaro said.

Unfortunately, even the most powerful microscopes on Earth still can't resolve movement of the protein at the atomic scale.

What we do with computers is that we take the beautiful and wonderful and important data that they give us, but then we use methods to build in missing bits of information, Amaro said.What people really want to know for example, vaccineand drug developers are the vulnerabilities that are present in this shield.

The computer simulations allowed Amaro and colleagues to create a cohesive picture of the spike protein that includes the glycans.

The reason why the computer resources at TACC are so important is that we can't understand what these glycans look like if we don't use simulation, Amaro said.

In order to animate the dynamics of the 1.7 million atom system under study, a lot of computing power was needed, said Amaro.

That's really where Frontera has been fantastic, because we need to sample relatively long dynamics, microsecond to millisecond timescales, to understand how this protein is actually working. We've been able to do that with Frontera and the COVID-19 HPC Consortium, Amaro said. Now we're trying to share our data with as many people as we can, because people want a dynamical understanding of what's happening not only with other academic groups, but also with different pharmaceutical and biotech companies that are conducting neutralizing antibody development, she said, adding that basic research is making a difference in winning the war against the SARS-Co-V-2 virus.

This research was supported by NIH, NSF, an award from the RCSA Research Corp., a UC San Diego Moore's Cancer Center 2020 SARS-COV-2 seed grant, the Visible Molecular Cell Consortium and the Irish Research Council.

View post:
UC San Diego: Sugar-coating disguise allows for coronavirus infection - According to Mary Poppins a spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down. In...

Biochemistry

Automatic Veterinary Biochemistry Analyzer Market Analysis with Impact of COVID-19 on Growth Opportunity by 2024 – 3rd Watch News

The Research Report on Automatic Veterinary Biochemistry Analyzer Market is a Skillful and Deep Analysis of the Present Situation and Challenges. Experts have studied the historical data and compared it with the current market situation. The Research Report covers all the necessary information required by new market entrants as well as the existing players to gain a deeper insight into the market.

The Automatic Veterinary Biochemistry Analyzer Market Research study relies upon a combination of primary as well as secondary research. It throws light on the key factors concerned with generating and limiting Automatic Veterinary Biochemistry Analyzer Market growth. In addition, the current mergers and acquisition by key players in the market have been described at length. Additionally, the historical information and growth in the CAGR have been given in the research report. The latest trends, product portfolio, demographics, geographical segmentation, and regulatory framework of the Automatic Veterinary Biochemistry Analyzer market have also been included in the study.

Below mentioned companies are analyzed upon their revenue, price margins in the market and main products they offer: Biochemical Systems International, BPC BioSed, Carolina Liquid Chemistries, Abaxis Europe, AMS Alliance, Randox Laboratories, Rayto Life and Analytical Sciences, Scil Animal Care, Crony Instruments, DiaSys Diagnostic Systems, Eurolyser Diagnostica, Gesan Production, Heska, Idexx Laboratories, LITEON IT Corporation, Shenzhen Icubio Biomedical Technology, URIT Medical Electronic

Click Here To Access The Sample Report: https://www.acquiremarketresearch.com/sample-request/366879/

Covid-19 pandemic affects most industries in the globe. Here at acquire market research we offer you comprehensive data of related industry which will help and support your business in all possible ways.

Market segment by product type, split into Bench-Top Veterinary Biochemistry Analyzer, Portable Veterinary Biochemistry Analyzer along with their consumption (sales), market share and growth rate.

Market segment by application, split into Pet Hospital, Veterinary Station along with their consumption (sales), market share and growth rate.

This study gives data on patterns and improvements, and spotlights on Markets and materials, limits and on the changing structure of the Automatic Veterinary Biochemistry Analyzer Industry. The key motivation behind the report is to give a proper and key examination of this industry.

To Get This Report At Beneficial Rates: https://www.acquiremarketresearch.com/discount-request/366879/

As a part of our Corporate Social Responsibility, we would like to announce that we would be contributing 15 % of our profits to USA, UK, Italy, Spain and India relief fund.

Reasons to invest in this report:1. To gain a thorough understanding of the global market.2. To determine the latest trends and projected growth rate over the forecast period.3. To assist industry specialists, market investors, and other stakeholders line up their market-centric strategies.4. To acquire well-informed business decisions and gain insights from presentations and marketing material.5. To conduct a competitive analysis of major market participants.

What does the report cover with respect to the regional landscape of the market?

1. The Automatic Veterinary Biochemistry Analyzer Market report, with respect to the geological spectrum of this scope, analyzes examines each geographical segment of the market with supply, import, export, consumption, and production in these regions to provide a complete understanding of the market, covering, {{United States, Europe, China, Japan, Other Regions}}

2. Basic information with detail to the market share held by the regions in company with the trade, deal, that every geography explanations for have been given in the report. Our business offerings show fresh and trustworthy information helpful for businesses to give strength to a competitive edge.

Browse Full [emailprotected] https://www.acquiremarketresearch.com/industry-reports/automatic-veterinary-biochemistry-analyzer-market/366879/

Moreover, the report includes analysis of different products available in the Automatic Veterinary Biochemistry Analyzer market on the subject of production volume, revenue, pricing structure, and demand and supply figures. The report highlights profitable business strategies of market competitors along with their business expansion, composition, partnership deals, and new product/service launches.

About us:

Acquire Market Research is a market research-based company empowering companies with data-driven insights. We provide Market Research Reports with accurate and well-informed data, Real-Time with Real Application. A good research methodology proves to be powerful and simplified information that applied right from day-to-day lives to complex decisions helps us navigate through with vision, purpose and well-armed strategies. At Acquire Market Research, we constantly strive for innovation in the techniques and the quality of analysis that goes into our reports.

Contact Us:

Sally Mach555 Madison Avenue,5th Floor, Manhattan,New York, 10022 USAPhone No: +1 (800) 663-5579Email ID: [emailprotected]

See the article here:
Automatic Veterinary Biochemistry Analyzer Market Analysis with Impact of COVID-19 on Growth Opportunity by 2024 - 3rd Watch News

Biochemistry

Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market 2020: Challenges, Growth, Types, Applications, Revenue, Insights, Growth Analysis, Competitive…

Automatic biochemistry analyzer (FABCA) could be a high-performance micro-controller based mostly measurement organic chemistry instrument used to live varied blood organic chemistry parameters like glucose, urea, protein, and bilirubin etc. that are related to varied disorders like diabetes, kidney diseases, liver malfunctions and alternative metabolic derangements. The global Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers market is segregated on the basis of Type as Semi-automated and Fully-automated. Based on End-User the global Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers market is segmented in Hospitals, Clinics, and Others.

FYI, You will get latest updated report as per the COVID-19 Impact on this industry. Our updated reports will now feature detailed analysis that will help you make critical decisions.

Browse Full Report From here: https://www.marketresearchengine.com/bench-top-automated-biochemical-analyzers-market

The global Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers market report provides geographic analysis covering regions, such as North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Rest of the World. The Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers market for each region is further segmented for major countries including the U.S., Canada, Germany, the U.K., France, Italy, China, India, Japan, Brazil, South Africa, and others.

Competitive Rivalry

Siemens Healthcare, Abbott, Hitachi, Mindray Medical, GaomiCaihong, Horiba Medical, Sunostik, Tecom Science, Sysmex, Senlo, and others are among the major players in the global Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers market. The companies are involved in several growth and expansion strategies to gain a competitive advantage. Industry participants also follow value chain integration with business operations in multiple stages of the value chain.

The Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market has been segmented as below:

Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market, By Type

Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market, By End-User

Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market, By Region

Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market, By Company

The report covers:

Report Scope:

The global Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers market report scope includes detailed study covering underlying factors influencing the industry trends.

The report covers analysis on regional and country level market dynamics. The scope also covers competitive overview providing company market shares along with company profiles for major revenue contributing companies.

The report scope includes detailed competitive outlook covering market shares and profiles key participants in the global Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers market share. Major industry players with significant revenue share include Siemens Healthcare, Abbott, Hitachi, Mindray Medical, GaomiCaihong, Horiba Medical, Sunostik, Tecom Science, Sysmex, Senlo, and others.

Reasons to Buy this Report:

Request Sample Report from here: https://www.marketresearchengine.com/bench-top-automated-biochemical-analyzers-market

Table of Contents:

4.1 Introduction4.2.1 Drivers4.2.2 Restraints4.2.3 Opportunities4.2.4 Challenges4.2 Porters Five Force Analysis

8.Competitive Insights

Other Related Market Research Reports:

Bone Imaging Equipment Market Analysis, Size, Share, Growth by 2024

Emergency External Defibrillators Market Analysis, Size, Share, Growth by 2024

About MarketResearchEngine.com

Market Research Engine is a global market research and consulting organization. We provide market intelligence in emerging, niche technologies and markets. Our market analysis powered by rigorous methodology and quality metrics provide information and forecasts across emerging markets, emerging technologies and emerging business models. Our deep focus on industry verticals and country reports help our clients to identify opportunities and develop business strategies.

Media Contact

Company Name: Market Research Engine

Contact Person: John Bay

Email: [emailprotected]

Phone: +1-855-984-1862

Country: United States

Website: https://www.marketresearchengine.com/

See the rest here:
Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market 2020: Challenges, Growth, Types, Applications, Revenue, Insights, Growth Analysis, Competitive...

Cell Biology

There’s a Weird Structure in Our Inner Ears That Hardly Anybody Talks About – ScienceAlert

Deep inside your ear there's a tiny thing you may not know about - a dead-end tube called an endolymphatic sac. Details on its function have been debated, but it was only in 2018 that scientists figured out (at least in part) what this odd structure is for.

According to a chance discovery in zebrafish, the endolymphatic sac may play the role of some kind of 'safety valve' in the inner ear.

The story behind the find starts several years ago when Harvard Medical School systems biologist Ian Swinburne made a connection between a pulsating blob of cells in a developing zebra fish and that cul-de-sac thing poking out of our own inner ear.

If you missed seeing it on your high school biology exam, don't worry about it. You won't often find the endolymphatic sac on diagrams of the inner ear; possibly because none of us know what it actually does.

Imagine your inner ear as a long tube shaped like a weird snail. At one end, it curls into a shell-like structure called a cochlea. At the other where the snail's eyes would be there are three perpendicular loops called a labyrinth.

Fluid in the snail-shell part transfers waves we interpret as sound, while the fluid in the loops acts like a biological spirit-level, sloshing about to tell you which way is up.

Between these two structures, behind the window where a tiny hearing bone called the stapes plugs in, there are two chambers called the utricle and the saccule. These chambers in turn connect to a short, thin tube ending in that mysterious sac. Try to picture it hidden behind the diagram below:

Diagram of the inner ear, missing some bits. (7activestudio)

While nobody is certain about what it does, there are some clues. It's understood to have a starring role in Mnire disease, a condition characterised by symptoms that include vertigo and tinnitus.

The disease is presumed to be caused by excess fluid in the inner ear overinflating the structure, and since surgery on the endolymphatic sac has been shown to help alleviate symptoms, the sac probably has something to do with fluid regulation.

Circumstantial evidence is a good place to start, but Swinburne and his zebrafish offered an opportunity to do a compare and contrast on this weird bubble of tissue.

Watching the endolymphatic sac at work inside something as dense as a human head is easier said than done.But in the zebra fish, Swinburne could use dyes to watch and record the movement of fluid slowly flow in and then quickly out of the tiny structure.

There was just one question.

"We had all these movies where you could see the whole structure pulsing, and when Ian injected dye into the sac we could see fluid flowing out," said Swinburne's postdoctoral advisor Sean Megason back in June 2018.

"But it wasn't clear how that fluid was getting out. It seemed like something weird was going on."

Then, the team got lucky. In a separate zebrafish study, a mutant fish with a variation of a certain genetic regulator happened to have an endolymphatic sac that was larger than usual.

Whatever this mutated gene did, it seemed to cause the structure to overfill and fail to deflate properly, hinting at a structural difference that might show how a normal sac works.

Using high-resolution electron micrographs the researchers found their answer. Inside the sac there were overlapping, flap-like projections called lamellae poking out of the cells.

"Biologists like to say that structure determines function," said Swinburne."When we saw the lamella for the first time, it all clicked."

The cells lining the endolymphatic sac appear to have spaces between them to allow fluid to pass. Those lamellae plug the gaps, but as the pressure builds they slide apart, until suddenly the whole sac can leak like a sieve.

A closer look using more advanced microscopy techniques showed that this was indeed what was happening.

"It looks like a cell that's migrating, but they are part of the epithelium. It's really weird cell biology," said Swinburne.

For people who suffer problems maintaining the balance of fluid in their inner ear, new information about the endolymphatic sac's role as a pressure release valve could one day come in handy.

And just maybe we can finally add it into those anatomy text books.

This research was published in eLife.

A version of this article was first published in June 2018.

Continued here:
There's a Weird Structure in Our Inner Ears That Hardly Anybody Talks About - ScienceAlert

Cell Biology

Single-Cell Analysis Market is Predicted to Register Highest Growth Value during 2020-2025 | Leading Players Merck, Thermo Fisher Scientific – 3rd…

In the field of cellular biology, single-cell analysis is the study of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics at the single cell level.

Industry Overview:

The new study made on Single-Cell Analysis market includes crucial information on market share, market size, and growth rate for the forecast period 2020 2025. The study highlights deep analysis on the major drivers of the market, restraints, and challenges to help the business owners, suppliers, and marketing personnel in planning effective strategies for the forecast period. This will help the business and manufacturers to lead the market and gain prominent position in future. The report also presents vital information through graphical representation on factors like table, charts, and statistics.

Get a Sample Copy of Single-Cell Analysis Market Report @ https://www.marketgrowthinsight.com/sample/74981

COVID-19 Impact:

The industrial report mentions about the influence of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The outbreak has caused disturbances in several industries and has hammered the logistics, resulting in delayed deliveries and cancellation of product demand. The Single-Cell Analysis report proficiently explains about the resulting factors and concerns of manufacturers. Researchers have also well-explained about how the producers and providers will tackle with the ongoing epidemic and the key strategies to be adopted post pandemic for turning their businesses back to normal.

Major Players Covered in this Report are:Merck, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Becton Dickinson, Beckman Coulter, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Qiagen, Illumina, GE Healthcare, Agilent Technologies, Fluidigm Corporation

The updated market research report on Single-Cell Analysis market allows the buyers and manufacturers to stay updated with the current market trends, ongoing happenings, and a clear picture on the market scenario. List of key players included in the research report will help the market vendors to know their market position and plan more operational strategies to gain topmost position among other players. The report offers crucial company information on each market player, such as company profile, financial information, and recently adopted growth strategies. This will help other existing players and the new entrants to plan strategies and establish their presence in the market.

Market Segmentation:

The report is divided into major categories comprising product, distribution channel, application, and end users. Every segment is further sub-segmented into several sub-segmented that are deeply analyzed by experts to offer valuable information to the buyers and market players. Every segment is studied thoroughly in order to offer a better picture to the buyers and stakeholders to benefit from. Information like highest prevailing product, highly demanded product by the application segment and end users are rightly mentioned in the Single-Cell Analysis report.

Market Breakdown Data by Types:

Market Breakdown Data by Applications:

To get Incredible Discounts on this Premium [emailprotected] https://www.marketgrowthinsight.com/discount/74981

Regional Insights:

The Single-Cell Analysis market is segmented as North America, South America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Middle East and Africa. Researchers have thoroughly studied about the historical market. With extensive research, experts have offered details on the current and the forecast demand made by these regions. The Single-Cell Analysis report also includes highlights on the prevailing product demanded by end users and end customers for better understanding of product demand by producers. This will help the producers and the marketing executives to plan their production quantity and plan effective marketing strategies to more buyers. Businesses can hence, increase their product portfolio and expand their global presence. Single-Cell Analysis market research report further offers information on the unexplored areas in these regions to help the producers to plan promotional strategies and create demand for their new and updated products. This will again help the manufacturers to increase their customers and emerge as leaders in the near future.

The Queries answered by Single-Cell Analysis Market Research Report include:

If You Have Any Query, Ask Our [emailprotected] https://www.marketgrowthinsight.com/inquiry/74981

About Us-

Market Growth Insight 100% Subsidiary of Exltech Solutions India, is a one stop solution for market research reports in various business categories. We are serving 100+ clients with 30000+ diverse industry reports and our reports are developed to simplify strategic decision making, on the basis of comprehensive and in-depth significant information, established through wide ranging analysis and latest industry trends.

Contact Us:

Direct Line:+1 3477675477 (US)Email:[emailprotected]Web:https://www.marketgrowthinsight.com

Continue reading here:
Single-Cell Analysis Market is Predicted to Register Highest Growth Value during 2020-2025 | Leading Players Merck, Thermo Fisher Scientific - 3rd...

Cell Biology

Researchers unravel how the body fights off urinary tract infections – News-Medical.net

Reviewed by Emily Henderson, B.Sc.Jul 2 2020

Anyone who has ever had cystitis knows that urinary tract infections of this kind are annoying and painful. They can be well treated by antibiotics, but may be fatal if left untreated. These infections are usually caused by what are known as uropathogenic E. coli bacteria when they bind to the cells of the bladder, ureter or urethra with their pili, the thread-like appendages that grow out of them like hairs. But protection is at hand in the form of a certain protein, produced naturally in the body, called uromodulin. Around 70 percent of all people carry a uromodulin gene variant in their genome, which means that they produce this protective protein in particularly large quantities. Accordingly, they have a smaller risk of contracting urinary tract infections.

But the exact process by which uromodulin prevents inflammation had never been understood. Now an interdisciplinary team, drawn from three research groups at ETH Zurich together with researchers from the University of Zurich and the Children's Hospital Zurich, has filled this knowledge gap by investigating uromodulin's appearance and how the protein goes about neutralizing uropathogenic E. coli. Their findings, which have been published in the journal Science, should help to develop new strategies for the treatment of urinary tract infections in the future.

First, the researchers analysed how the protein binds to the bacterial pili at the molecular level.

We already knew that a bond is formed and that this presumably plays a part in uromodulin's protective function, but nobody had studied this in greater detail."

Gregor Weiss, doctoral student in molecular biology at ETH and one of the study's lead authors

Their biochemical investigations have now shown that the bacterial pili recognise certain sugar chains on the surface of the uromodulin and bind to them extremely readily and strongly.

Next, the team examined uromodulin using cryo-electron tomography, an imaging technique that produces three-dimensional views of the structure of proteins and cells with no need for chemical modification or dehydration. This showed them that uromodulin forms long filaments consisting on average of around 400 individual protein molecules strung together. And that each link of this protein chain contains the characteristic pattern of sugar chains to which bacterial pili like to bind.

Cryo-electron tomography was also the team's chosen technique for investigating at a larger scale what effect these properties have - this time in the presence of the culprits, the uropathogenic E. coli bacteria. They discovered that the uromodulin filaments literally envelop the pathogen, and that a single uromodulin filament can dock with several pili of a bacterium.

"This neutralizes the pathogens," Weiss explains: "Once the bacteria are shielded in this way, they can no longer bind to the cells in the urinary tract, which means they can't cause infection."

Under an optical microscope, the team also noted the formation of large clumps of hundreds of uromodulin filaments and E. coli cells, which are then presumably simply excreted with the urine.

Finally, the researchers checked to see whether all these processes they had observed in the laboratory also occur in patients. They analysed urine samples from infected patients provided by the Children's Hospital in Zurich and found exactly the same interactions between uromodulin and the pathogens. "Without interdisciplinary collaboration between different research groups and institutes, it would have been impossible to obtain this set of findings," stresses ETH Professor Martin Pilhofer, who led the electron tomography investigations.

The research team's work offers pointers for how to treat and prevent urinary tract infections without using antibiotics. Until now, patients have often been given preparations that contain the sugar mannose. To a certain extent, these prevent the E. coli bacteria from attaching themselves to the cells of the urinary tract. "Thanks to our analyses, we now know that the bacterial pili recognise not only mannose but also other sugars present on uromodulin," says Jessica Stanisich, doctoral student and another lead author of the study. "This might indicate that treatment with combined sugar supplements would be more effective."

The new findings also help in the development of new active substances, adds ETH Professor Rudi Glockshuber. This is because during an infection the uropathogenic E. coli attach themselves to the same sugar chains on the cell surfaces of the urinary tract as on uromodulin. Pharmaceutical companies are looking to identify new active substances that will prevent precisely these interactions - but this risks also disrupting the protective binding of uromodulin to the bacteria. "It would obviously be a highly undesirable side effect for a drug if that treatment simultaneously interfered with a natural protective function," Glockshuber says. However, the research team's analyses have now shown that the bonds between bacteria and uromodulin are extremely stable and cannot be broken down by active substances - an important finding in the search for remedies for unpleasant urinary tract infections.

Source:

Journal reference:

Weiss, G.L., et al. (2020) Architecture and function of human uromodulin filaments in urinary tract infections. Science. doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz9866.

Read the original:
Researchers unravel how the body fights off urinary tract infections - News-Medical.net