Improving the Care and Experience of Children with Health Needs: Imagine Pediatrics Mission Healthcare Innovation
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NSF Awards $12.5M to Duke Researchers and Colleagues to Explore Polyploidy – Duke University School of Medicine
A new $12.5 million National Science Foundation grant was awarded to Duke University School of Medicine researchers and colleagues to investigate biology common to cancer, agriculture, biodiversity and more.
It's called polyploidy, and only within the last few years have biologists begun to recognize its significance across the tree of life.
Polyploidy packs cells and organisms with extra sets of genetic material. Its found in organisms all over the planet and in the cells of essentially every human organ system, said Don Fox, PhD, professor of pharmacology & cancer biology and cell biology who leads Dukes effort in the multi-institution project.
Fox is one of 18 scientists working to establish the Polyploidy Integration and Innovation Institute. The grant is part of a broader initiative by the NSF to bring together scientists from disparate areas of expertise to work on pressing problems in biology.
The University of Florida and the Florida Museum will lead the project, collaborating with institutions including Duke, Cornell University, University of Kentucky, University of Minnesota, University of Mississippi, University of Pittsburgh, and the Ghent University and the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research.
Foxs laboratory will study polyploidy in an animal model -- the fruit fly.
We dont know much about how polyploidy impacts biological processes. To answer this fundamental question, we needed a team approach, Fox said.
This NSF award enables Fox to combine his efforts in flies with colleagues in the U.S. and Europe, who will add studies in plants, algae, and fungi to the collaborative effort. Polyploidy is a perfect topic for this sort of integration, said plant biologist Pam Soltis, PhD, a curator at the Florida Museum and lead investigator on the project. Researchers with the institute will study the effects of polyploidy in plants and animals, from entire ecosystems down to organs and cells.
We want to conduct a set of experiments that is consistent across organisms, said Doug Soltis, PhD, professor at the Florida Museum of Natural History and the Department of Biology at the University of Florida. This is the first time well be able to determine whether there are consistent rules that govern polyploidy.
The institute will use new and unique data management tools and prioritize community engagement to gain as much insight as possible, with eventual applications to agriculture, medicine, and conservation.
The institute will guide high school curriculum development and teacher training, provide research experiences for undergraduates, graduate students and post-doctoral researchers and offer training in science communication, while hosting local and international research conferences, said Pam Soltis.
At its most basic, polyploidy just means having more than the normal pair of matching chromosomes. Typically, when plants and animals undergo sexual reproduction, two sets of chromosomes one from each parent combine to create a new organism.
Humans have been aware of this concept since the Austrian monk Gregor Mendel established the foundation of genetic inheritance by conducting experiments with pea plants. But occasionally, this process goes awry, and instead of a pair of chromosomes, offspring are endowed with additional chromosome sets in a process called genome duplication.
This happens frequently in plants, and for several decades, botanists were the only ones who took a significant interest in the subject. The process can be so prevalent that some plants carry around eight or more chromosome pairs packed tightly in their cells. What is the utility of all this extra genetic material? Scientists once thought it didnthave much use at all. Then they discovered it was one of the most common ways new species are formed.
According to Soltis, theyre still learning this. My own view is there are hundreds of thousands of cryptic polyploid species that we have never recognized or scientifically named.
For reasons that remain unclear, polyploidy also seems to be stratified on a global scale. There are fewer known polyploid species in the tropics than there are in colder regions, and the incidence of genome duplication appears to be higher at increased elevations.
It may also have serious implications for how well plants are able to cope with rapid climate change.
Biologists later discovered that polyploidy wasnt just restricted to plants. Animals had it too. Nearly everything with a backbone can trace its origin to double genome duplication events that took place more than 450 million years ago. Similar duplications have occurred in fish, worms, insects, arachnids and mollusks.
Polyploidy is everywhere, Soltis said. Its a giant iceberg, and were at the very tip.
Scientists next discovered that polyploidy did much more than increase biodiversity. Its also an important part of the way many plants and animals function or malfunction. Polyploidy is present in roughly 37% of cancer types in humans. In other types, scientists think induced polyploidy may even provide a cure.
Polyploidy pops up in various organs as well, where it plays a significant role.Weve contributed to the finding that polyploidy promotes significant organ regeneration said Fox, who co-directs Dukes Regeneration Center. And recently we collaborated with Dawn Bowles, PhD, in the Duke Department of Surgery and Nenad Bursac, PhD, in the Department of Biomedical Engineering to show that polyploidy shapes the chambers of the heart in both flies and humans. This means that polyploidy may play a critical role in sculpting not only the heart but many other organs.
The medical community began realizing the importance of polyploidy in the early 2000s, but they were largely unaware that other biologists had been intently focused on the topic for many decades. A series of scientific conferences devoted entirely to polyploidy helped bring everyone together.
Its a case of not seeing what you dont look for. We were all siloed, and there was a lot of surprise when people learned about what others were doing, Soltis said.
Just as genetics became its own field of study that transcended biological boundaries after Mendel laid out the laws of inheritance, polyploidy is poised to become a new specialty, one ripe for discovery and innovation. The Polyploidy Integration and Innovation Institute will help make this happen.
In addition to Duke, the University of Florida, and the Florida Museum, other collaborating institutions are Cornell University, the University of Kentucky, the University of Minnesota, the University of Mississippi, the University of Pittsburgh, Ghent University and the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research.
Content adapted from University of Florida.
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Valentin Fuster, MD, PhD, Receives Prestigious Award From World Heart Federation – Mount Sinai
The World Heart Federation (WHF) is honoring Valentin Fuster, MD, PhD, President ofMount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospitaland Physician-in-Chief of The Mount Sinai Hospital, with its Lifetime Achievement Award for 2024. This top honor recognizes his remarkable contributions to the WHF mission, and to the entire cardiovascular disease community for his dedication to combating this disease worldwide.
The WHF will present Dr. Fuster with this award on Saturday, May 25, during the World Heart Summit in Geneva, Switzerland.
I am proud of this award, particularly because it represents Mount Sinais worldwide scientific contributions and dedication to advancements in the cardiovascular field, says Dr. Fuster.
Dr. Fuster is a pre-eminent leader in cardiovascular medicine. His contributions to the field, and to prevention and treatment of heart disease globally, are unparalleled. Dr. Fuster was named Director of the Cardiovascular Institute at Mount Sinai in 1994, became Director of Mount Sinai Heart at its establishment in 2006, and held that position until the end of 2022. He built what is now known as Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital into one of the worlds leading centers for cardiovascular care, cardiac surgery, and advanced research. Dr. Fuster is also General Director of the Spanish National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC).
Dr. Fuster also helped develop a cardiovascular polypilla single pill that includes three medications typically taken separatelythat is effective in preventing secondary adverse cardiovascular events in people who have previously had a heart attack. Dr. Fuster and his team showed that the polypill reduces cardiovascular mortality by 33 percent in this population. This medication was recently included by the World Health Organization in itsList of Essential Medicinesand is pending Food and Drug Administration approval in the United States.
His research into the origin of cardiovascular events, which has contributed to improved treatment of heart attack patients, was recognized in 1996 by the Prince of Asturias Award for Technical and Scientific Research, the highest international award given by Dr. Fusters native Spain. In June 2011 he was awarded the Grand Prix Scientifique of the Institute of France for his translational research into atherothrombotic disease. Recently, he was named a Prince Mahidol Award Laureate in Thailand for his lifelong contribution to the field of medicine, and in 2022, the American College of Cardiology instituted the Valentin Fuster Award in Science and Innovation, which will be given to a single physician annually for the next 14 years.
Dr. Fuster has also received the highest awards for research from the four leading cardiovascular organizations: the American Heart Association (Gold Medal and Research Achievement Award), the American College of Cardiology (Living Legend and Life Achievement Award), the European Society of Cardiology (Gold Medal), and the Interamerican Society of Cardiology (Research Achievement Award). In May 2014, King Juan Carlos I of Spain granted Dr. Fuster the title of Marquis for his "outstanding and unceasing research efforts and his educational outreach work."
Mount Sinai is a World Leader in Cardiology and Heart Surgery
Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital at The Mount Sinai Hospital ranks No. 1 in New York and No. 4 globally according to Newsweeks The Worlds Best Specialized Hospitals. It also ranks No. 1 in New York for cardiology, heart, and vascular surgery, according to U.S. News & World Report.
It is part of Mount Sinai Health System, which is New York City's largest academic medical system, encompassing eight hospitals, a leading medical school, and a vast network of ambulatory practices throughout the greater New York region. We advance medicine and health through unrivaled education and translational research and discovery to deliver care that is the safest, highest-quality, most accessible and equitable, and the best value of any health system in the nation. The Health System includes approximately 7,400 primary and specialty care physicians; 13 joint-venture outpatient surgery centers throughout the five boroughs of New York City, Westchester, Long Island, and Florida; and more than 30 affiliated community health centers. Hospitals within the System are consistently ranked by Newsweeks The Worlds Best Smart Hospitals and by U.S. News & World Report's Best Hospitals and Best Childrens Hospitals. The Mount Sinai Hospital is on the U.S. News & World Report's Best Hospitals Honor Roll for 2023-2024.
For more information, visithttps://www.mountsinai.orgor find Mount Sinai onFacebook,TwitterandYouTube.
About the Mount Sinai Health System
Mount Sinai Health System is one of the largest academic medical systems in the New York metro area, with 48,000 employees working across eight hospitals, more than 400 outpatient practices, more than 600 research and clinical labs, a school of nursing, and a leading school of medicine and graduate education. Mount Sinai advances health for all people, everywhere, by taking on the most complex health care challenges of our timediscovering and applying new scientific learning and knowledge; developing safer, more effective treatments; educating the next generation of medical leaders and innovators; and supporting local communities by delivering high-quality care to all who need it.
Through the integration of its hospitals, labs, and schools, Mount Sinai offers comprehensive health care solutions from birth through geriatrics, leveraging innovative approaches such as artificial intelligence and informatics while keeping patients medical and emotional needs at the center of all treatment. The Health System includes approximately 9,000 primary and specialty care physicians and 11 free-standing joint-venture centers throughout the five boroughs of New York City, Westchester, Long Island, and Florida. Hospitals within the System are consistently ranked by Newsweeks The Worlds Best Smart Hospitals, Best in State Hospitals, World Best Hospitals and Best Specialty Hospitals and by U.S. News & World Report's Best Hospitals and Best Childrens Hospitals. The Mount Sinai Hospital is on the U.S. News & World Report Best Hospitals Honor Roll for 2023-2024.
For more information, visithttps://www.mountsinai.orgor find Mount Sinai onFacebook,TwitterandYouTube.
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Valentin Fuster, MD, PhD, Receives Prestigious Award From World Heart Federation - Mount Sinai
World-first AI algorithm developed at CHEO leads to rare disease diagnosis for families – CHEO
Harnessing the power of artificial intelligence (AI), CHEO researchers have developed a groundbreaking search algorithm that identifies children and youth who may have an undiagnosed rare genetic disease and refers them for genetic testing putting an end to their diagnostic odyssey.
The ThinkRare algorithm is incredibly exciting and promising because it means we can help families find answers and get the care and support they need sooner, said Dr. Kym Boycott, Senior Scientist at the CHEO Research Institute and Chief of Genetics at CHEO. This algorithm is a game changer. Using AI to scour CHEOs electronic health record based on set criteria, ThinkRare can accurately identify kids who may have an undiagnosed rare genetic disease and refer them to our clinic something that may have never happened without it.
Ten-year-old Antony Wistaff and hisfamily have spentcountlesshours at CHEO, callingit a second home. Antony wasbornprematurely in October 2013 and a few dayslaterunderwent emergency surgery at CHEO to place a shunt for hydrocephalus. But thatwasonly the beginning of whatwouldbecome a decade-long diagnostic journeyconsisting of more than 100 outpatientappointmentsacross six differentspecialtyclinics at CHEO, and 30 trips to the emergency department for variousreasons.
That was until recently, when the ThinkRare algorithm identified Antony as potentially having an undiagnosed rare genetic disease and flagged him for a referral to receive genome-wide sequencing testing a test that simultaneously analyzes the more than 5,000 genes that have been associated with rare disease and is now available clinically in Ontario.
The results of the genetictestingdiscoveredthat Antony has Chung-Jansen Syndrome a rare disorderresultingfrom a pathogenic variant in the PHIP gene. At present, the syndrome has been diagnosed in only about 400 people worldwide and itexplainedmany of Antonyshealth and behavioural challenges, includinghisdevelopmentaldelays, learningdifficulties, and large head size.
When we found out that Antony was diagnosed with Chung-Jansen Syndrome, it answered so many questions for our family, said Georges Wistaff, Antonys dad. This research brought a kind of peace to our house. Hadweknownthissooner, itwould have meantlessquestioning as parents, less stress, and more support becausewewould have had a cleardiagnosis for Antony. A little bit of blood and a simple test, answeredsomany questions.
To date, Think Rare, whichiscurrently operating as a researchprojectapproved by the CHEO ResearchEthicsBoard, isthree for three meaning the first three patients identified by ThinkRare and referred to genetics have received test results and been diagnosedwith a rare disease. Genetictestingisunderway for manyotherfamiliesidentified by ThinkRare.
Our goal is to flip the diagnostic care journey on itshead and start withgenetictestingearlier on the care pathway. By incorporating the ThinkRarealgorithmintoclinical care, wewillbe able to support CHEO clinicians and frontlineworkerswith the power of machine learning to find the needle in the haystack, added Dr. Boycott, whois a Tier 1 Canada Research Chair in Rare DiseasePrecisionHealth and Professor of Pediatrics at the University of Ottawa.
Work iscurrentlyunderway at CHEO to transition the ThinkRareprojectfrom researchintoclinical practice, with all the necessary patient privacymechanisms in place.
CHEO isuniquelypositioned to develop an impactfulalgorithmsuch as ThinkRarebecause of CHEOsinvestment in a robustelectronichealth record system, ourcommitment to innovation, our close collaboration betweenclinical and researchteams, and becausewe are the only pediatric healthcare centre in Eastern Ontario serving a widegeographic area. At CHEO, we have broughttogether all the necessaryelementswhenitcomes to making AI advancements in healthcare, said Dr. Jason Berman, CEO and Scientific Director, CHEO Research Institute, and Vice-PresidentResearch, CHEO.
The ThinkRareprojectwas made possible withfundingfrom the CHEO Foundation, the CHAMO Innovation Fund, and Ontario Genomics.
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Media contact:
Jennifer Ruff Director of Communications CHEO Research Institute (613) 261-3979 jruff@cheo.on.ca
About the CHEO Research Institute
The CHEO Research Institute is a global centre of excellence in pediatric research that connects talent and technology in pursuit of life-changing research for every child, youth and family in the CHEO community and beyond. The CHEO Research Institute coordinates the researchactivities of CHEO and isaffiliatedwith the University of Ottawa. At the CHEO Research Institute, discoveries inspire the best life for everychild and youth. For more information, visitcheoresearch.ca.
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World-first AI algorithm developed at CHEO leads to rare disease diagnosis for families - CHEO
New project explores warfare in animal societies – EurekAlert
image:
Mongoose warfare
Credit: Harry Marshall
A major new research project will investigate how and why groups of animals from the same species fight one another.
By focussing on warlike species mongooses and termites researchers aim to understand how evolution can lead to extreme aggression between groups, the consequences of this and the factors that can lead to peace.
The results will help to explain why violence between rival groups evolves in some species but not others, or between some groups and not others with implications for our understanding of human evolution.
The research team, led by Professor Michael Cant at the University of Exeter, includes the universities of Cambridge, York, Swansea and Bielefeld, Germany, and a field team based in Uganda.
Professor Cant and his team have been awarded a 3 million Advanced Grant by the European Research Council (ERC).
An outstanding problem in evolutionary biology is to explain how cooperative groups evolve by natural selection, said Professor Cant, from the Centre for Ecology and Conservation on Exeters Penryn Campus in Cornwall.
Classic research on this question has shown that factors that operate within the group, such as kinship and reciprocity, can select for altruism.
Yet there is now substantial evidence from humans and other social animals that conflict between groups or warfare can also exert a profound influence on social behaviour.
Intergroup conflict could in principle act as a fundamental moulding force in the evolution of animal societies, shaping not just behaviour but also life history and social organisation, but this idea has not been tested.
We will test this hypothesis through an integrated theory, field and lab study using two animal societies as model systems.
The outcome will be a significant advance in our understanding of how social life forms and societies evolve.
The researchers will study a wild population of banded mongooses in Uganda and a lab population of dampwood termites in Cornwall.
This project, entitled Intergroup conflict and the evolution of animal societies, is one of 255 included in new grants awarded by the ERC to outstanding researchers across Europe.
Iliana Ivanova, Commissioner for Innovation, Research, Culture, Education and Youth, said: "These grants will not only support leading researchers in pushing the boundaries of knowledge, but also create some 2,500 jobs for postdoctoral fellows, PhD students and other research staff across Europe.
This investment nurtures the next generation of brilliant minds.
I look forward to seeing the resulting breakthroughs and fresh advancements in the years ahead.
Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.
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New project explores warfare in animal societies - EurekAlert
Yale Faculty Present Groundbreaking Clinical Research at the 2024 American College of Cardiology Scientific Sessions – Yale School of Medicine
The American College of Cardiology (ACC) is holding its annual Scientific Meeting on April 6-8, 2024, where Yale faculty and trainees will present their latest clinical research.
Yales commitment to research is on full display at this years American College of Cardiology conference, where dozens of our faculty and trainees will share their contributions to science with our colleagues across the world, said Eric J. Velazquez, MD, Robert W. Berliner Professor of Medicine and chief of Yale Cardiovascular Medicine. Im extremely proud to lead a group of doctors and scientists who come to work each and every day thinking about how to advance the field of cardiovascular medicine all with the goal of providing patients with the best possible care.
Key presentations featuring Yale faculty and trainees include:
9:30 - 11:00 a.m. Session 1007: Outcome Prediction by Multimodality Imaging in Chronic CAD Moderated Poster Theater 07
9:30 - 11:00 a.m. Session 1008: Recognizing and Eliminated Disparities in CVD Moderated Poster Theater 08
9:45 - 10:30 a.m. Session 1201: Critical Care Cardiology 01 Hall B4-5
9:45 - 10:30 a.m. Session 1202: Innovation, Digital Health, and Technology 01 Hall B4-5
9:45 - 10:30 a.m. Session 1203: Vascular Medicine: Clinical Science 01 Hall B4-5
10:45 - 11:30 a.m. Session 1221: Complex Clinical Cases: FIT Valvular Heart Disease 02 Hall B4-5
10:45 - 11:30 a.m. Session 1232: Multimodality Imaging: Clinical Science 02 Hall B4-5
11:45 a.m. - 12:30 p.m. Session 1242: Spotlight on Special Topics: Cardio-OB 03 Hall B4-5
12:45 - 1:30 p.m. Session 1261: Innovation, Digital Health, and Technology 04 Hall B4-5
12:45 - 1:30 p.m. Session 1263: Vascular Medicine: Basic and Translational Science 04 Hall B4-5
1:30 - 3:00 p.m. Session 1032: Refining the Art of Implementation Science Moderated Poster Theater 08
1:45 - 2:30 p.m. Session 1282: Global Cardiovascular Health 05 Hall B4-5
1:45 - 2:30 p.m. Session 1283: Pulmonary Vascular Disease: Clinical and Population Science 05 Hall B4-5
1:45 - 2:30 p.m. Session 1288: Interventional and Structural: Endovascular Interventions 05 Hall B4-5
1:45 - 2:30 p.m. Session 1289: Interventional and Structural: Aortic Valve Interventions 05 Hall B4-5
2:45 - 3:30 p.m. Session 1305: Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies: Clinical Science 06 Hall B4-5
2:45 - 3:30 p.m. Session 1307: Ischemic Heart Disease: Clinical Science 06 Hall B4-5
3:30 - 5:00 p.m. Session 1038: Back to the Future: Application of AI and ML in Heart Failure Moderated Poster Theater 02
3:30 - 5:00 p.m. Session 1045: Simulations and AI-Based Predictions Enhancing CV Care Moderated Poster Theater 09
3:45 - 4:30 p.m. Session 1321: Cardio-oncology 07 Hall B4-5
3:45 - 4:30 p.m. Session 1322: Vascular Medicine: Venous and Thromboembolic Disease 07 Hall B4-5
4:15 - 5:30 p.m. Session 632: Older and Wiser: Improving Health Across the Lifespan For Older Adults With Ischemic Heart Disease B401
8:00 - 9:15 a.m. Session 504: April Adventure: Top Interventional Trials of 2023 Thomas B. Murphy Ballroom 2
8:00 - 9:15 a.m. Session 1050: #GDMT Works: From Heart Failure to Heart Success Moderated Poster Theater 02
9:00 - 10:30 a.m. Session 1052: Peripheral Vascular Disease Moderated Poster Theater 04
9:15 - 10:00 a.m. Session 1340: Complex Clinical Cases: FIT Heart Failure 08 Hall B4-5
9:15 - 10:00 a.m. Session 1342: Vascular Medicine: Special Populations08 Hall B4-5
9:15 - 10:00 a.m. Session 1343: Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies: Pharmacology 08 Hall B4-5
9:15 - 10:00 a.m. Session 1353: Prevention and Health Promotion: Diabetes and Cardiometabolic Disease 08 Hall B4-5
9:15 - 10:15 a.m. Session 2007: Heart Tank For the Cardiovascular Investigator: The Susan Smyth Memorial Tournament of Champions Engage Stage
9:45 - 11:00 a.m. Session 712: Joint Symposium of the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology B206
9:45 - 11:00 a.m. Session 505: April Adventure: The Great ECG Challenge Thomas B. Murphy Ballroom 2
9:45 - 11:00 a.m. Session 909: Highlighted Original Research: Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies and the Year in Review B207
10:15 - 11:00 a.m. Session 1362: Training and Lifelong Learning 09 Hall B4-5
10:15 - 11:00 a.m. Session 1366: Ischemic Heart Disease: Clinical Science 09 Hall B4-5
10:15 - 11:00 a.m. Session 1371: Electrophysiology: Population Science 09 Hall B4-5
10:15 - 11:00 a.m. Session 1372: Prevention and Health Promotion: Diabetes and Cardiometabolic Disease 09 Hall B4-5
11:00 a.m. - 12:30 p.m. Session 1062: Neph Bomb: Decongestion in Heart Failure Moderated Poster Theater 02
11:00 a.m. - 12:30 p.m. Session 1064: Impact of Age on Interventional Cardiology Care Moderated Poster Theater 04
11:00 a.m. - 12:30 p.m. Session 1065: Vascular Vistas: Tailored Research For Special Populations Moderated Poster Theater 05
11:15 a.m. - 12:00 p.m. Session 1382: Critical Care Cardiology 10 Hall B4-5
11:15 a.m. - 12:00 p.m. Session 1384: Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies: Population Science 10 Hall B4-5
11:15 a.m. - 12:00 p.m. Session 1385: Ischemic Heart Disease: Pharmacology 10 Hall B4-5
11:15 a.m. - 12:00 p.m. Session 1393: Prevention and Health Promotion: Population Science 10 Hall B4-5
12:15 - 1:00 p.m. Session 1401: Critical Care Cardiology 11 Hall B4-5
12:15 - 1:00 p.m. Session 1403: Vascular Medicine: Clinical Science 11 Hall B4-5
12:15 - 1:00 p.m. Session 1414: Prevention and Health Promotion: Lipids 11 Hall B4-5
1:00 - 2:30 p.m. Session 1075: Bulking Up Advances in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Moderated Poster Theater 03
2:15 - 3:00 p.m. Session 1453: Prevention and Health Promotion: Diabetes and Cardiometabolic Disease 13 Hall B4-5
2:15 - 3:00 p.m. Session 1454: Prevention and Health Promotion: Lipids 13 Hall B4-5
3:15 - 4:00 p.m. Session 1461: Critical Care Cardiology 14 Hall B4-5
4:30 - 5:45 p.m. Session 709: Treating Arrhythmias in Athletes: When, Who and How? B312
8:30 - 9:45 a.m. Session 913: Highlighted Original Research: Interventional and Structural and the Year in Review B405
8:30 - 9:45 a.m. Session 914: Highlighted Original Research: Multimodality Imaging and the Year in Review B213
9:00 - 10:30 a.m. Session 1099: New Analyses From Heart Failure Clinical Trials Moderated Poster Theater 03
9:00 - 10:30 a.m. Session 1102: Not Just a Number: Ischemic Heart Disease in Older Populations Moderated Poster Theater 06
9:00 - 10:30 a.m. Session 1103: Quantitative Markers of Clinical Risk From Multimodality Imaging Moderated Poster Theater 07
9:00 - 10:30 a.m. Session 1104: Sex, Gender, Hormones, and the Heart Moderated Poster Theater 08
9:45 - 10:30 a.m. Session 1482: Vascular Medicine: Special Populations 15 Hall B4-5
9:45 - 10:30 a.m. Session 1487: Ischemic Heart Disease: Special Populations 15 Hall B4-5
9:45 - 10:30 a.m. Session 1489: Multimodality Imaging: MR 15 Hall B4-5
9:45 - 10:30 a.m. Session 1492: Prevention and Health Promotion: Lipids 15 Hall B4-5
10:45 - 11:30 a.m. Session 1501: Complex Clinical Cases: FIT Ischemic Heart Disease and Heart Failure 16 Hall B4-5
10:45 - 11:30 a.m. Session 1504: Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies: Clinical Science 16 Hall B4-5
10:45 - 11:30 a.m. Session 1505: Ischemic Heart Disease: Population Science 16 Hall B4-5
10:45 - 11:30 a.m. Session 1508: Interventional and Structural: Coronary Interventions 16 Hall B4-5
11:00 a.m. - 12:15 p.m. Session 734: Finding Balance: Wellness in the CHD Clinician B308
11:00 a.m. - 12:30 p.m. Session 1114: Trends in Ischemic Heart Disease Moderated Poster Theater 06
11:00 a.m. - 12:30 p.m. Session 1115: Imaging Science on the Verge of Clinical Translation Moderated Poster Theater 07
11:45 a.m. - 12:30 p.m. Session 1520: Complex Clinical Cases: MD/PhD 17 Hall B4-5
11:45 a.m. - 12:30 p.m. Session 1523: Vascular Medicine: Clinical Science 17 Hall B4-5
12:45 - 1:30 p.m. Session 1546: Ischemic Heart Disease: Special Populations 18 Hall B4-5
12:45 - 2:00 p.m. Session 742: 2024 Eugene Braunwald Keynote Thomas B. Murphy Ballroom 4
2:30 - 3:45 p.m. Session 759: Step-by-Step Management of Patients With AFIB and LAA Occlusion in 2024 B405
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Boston Medical Center Establishes Endowed Chair in Emergency Medicine with $4 Million Gift from Philanthropist and … – Boston Medical Center
BOSTON Boston Medical Center (BMC) today announced that William F. Ted and Kathy O. Truscott have donated $4 million to establish the Innovation in Exceptional Care Chair in Emergency Medicine at BMC. Mr. Truscott, the CEO of Columbia Threadneedle Investments, is a Trustee of BMC and Chair of its Philanthropic Trust. BMC Chief of Emergency Medicine Christian Arbelaez, MD, MPH, was named inaugural chair.
Nationwide, emergency departments serve as the front door to societal challenges that impact patients and the healthcare system, including mental illness, substance use disorder, and homelessness, among other conditions plaguing historically underinvested communities. Emergency departments across the country have also seen operational challenges like overcrowding and staff shortages. Addressing these demands will involve an evolved, comprehensive, and holistic approach that includes greater access to timely care, improved healthcare system capacity, and added finances.
The Truscotts gift, funding the first philanthropically endowed chair at BMC, gives current and future endowment recipients the resources to tackle these challenges by innovating and pushing the frontiers of emergency medicine.
This extraordinary gift, along with his service to our Philanthropic Trust and Board of Trustees, exemplifies the dedication and commitment Ted has to BMC. He is truly a champion for our patients and believes deeply in our work and mission, said Alastair Bell, MD, MBA, President & CEO of Boston Medical Center Health System. This gift will further enhance BMCs innovative and equitable approach to emergency medicine, creating new operational and clinical models to meet the most pressing challenges faced by health systems across the nation.
Chief Arbelaez will leverage support to advance clinical care and health equity in emergency departments to continue BMCs work as a national model in emergency medicine.
Arbelaez leads the largest and busiest emergency department in New England, which provides expert emergency medical care to over 130,000 patients each year. In response to rising patient volume since the COVID pandemic, he helped redefine patient care in the emergency department by implementing a Rapid Assessment Zone, a nationally recognized multidisciplinary model to improve patient flow and reduce crowding.
This is a critical time for emergency medicine, said Christian Arbelaez, MD, MPH, Chief of Emergency Medicine at BMC and Chair of the Department of Emergency Medicine at Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine. As one of the busiest emergency departments in the country caring for patients with a range of needs, innovation is essential to improving care. What we learn and develop here at BMC with support from this gift can be applied to improve care nationwide.
In June 2023, Arbelaez spearheaded the first ever Leaders of Essential Emergency Departments Conference in Boston. The conference brought together leaders of hospitals and emergency medicine departments from across the country for a bold opportunity to reshape and improve emergency care to ensure systems across the nation are poised to provide innovative and equitable care for all.
Kathy and I believe deeply in furthering the mission of BMC and are committed to supporting the essential work that Dr. Arbelaez and his colleagues undertake every day to provide exceptional emergency medical care to all who need it, regardless of their circumstances, Mr. Truscott shares. It is a privilege to make this gift and recognize the critical role that emergency medicine plays at BMC and in our healthcare system.
About William F. Ted Truscott
Ted Truscott is CEO of Columbia Threadneedle Investments, a leading global asset manager headquartered in Boston that provides a broad range of actively managed investment strategies and solutions for individual, institutional, and corporate clients around the world.
Truscott is a corporate leader committed to service and philanthropy. Throughout his career, he has given back to non-profit organizations, both locally and nationally, with his time, expertise and generosity. In addition to his work with BMCs Board of Trustees and Philanthropic Trust, he serves on the Investment Company Institutes Board of Governors, as Chair of the Board of Trustees of Middlebury College, and as Chair of the Board of Directors of The Greater Boston Food Bank.
The Columbia Threadneedle Investments Boston Triathlon annually supports BMCs health equity programs to benefit patients. Over the eight years that Columbia Threadneedle has sponsored the Boston Triathlon, it has raised nearly $500,000 for BMC and hundreds of its employees have participated as athletes and volunteers.
About Boston Medical Center
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Smoking has long-term effects on the immune system – Institut Pasteur
Like other factors such as age, sex and genetics, smoking has a major impact on immune responses. This is the finding recently made by a team of scientists at the Institut Pasteur using the Milieu Intrieur cohort of 1,000 healthy volunteers, established to understand variability in immune responses. In addition to its short-term impact on immunity, smoking also has long-term consequences. For many years after they have quit the habit, smokers are left with effects on some of their bodies' defense mechanisms acquired while smoking. These findings, which for the first time reveal a long-term memory of the effects of smoking on immunity, were published in the journal Nature on February 14, 2024.
Individuals' immune systems vary significantly in terms of how effectively they respond to microbial attacks. But how can this variability be explained? What factors cause these differences? "To answer this key question, we set up the Milieu Intrieur cohort comprising 1,000 healthy individuals aged 20 to 70 in 2011," comments Darragh Duffy, Head of the Translational Immunology Unit at the Institut Pasteur and last author of the study. While certain factors such as age, sex and genetics are known to have a significant impact on the immune system, the aim of this new study was to identify which other factors had the most influence."
The scientists exposed blood samples taken from individuals in the Milieu Intrieur cohort to a wide variety of microbes (viruses, bacteria, etc.) and observed their immune response by measuring levels of secreted cytokines(1). Using the large quantities of data gathered for individuals in the cohort, the team then determined which of the 136 investigated variables (body mass index, smoking, number of hours' sleep, exercise, childhood illnesses, vaccinations, living environment, etc.) had the most influence on the immune responses studied. Three variables stood out: smoking, latent cytomegalovirus infection(2) and body mass index. "The influence of these three factors on certain immune responses could be equal to that of age, sex or genetics," points out Darragh Duffy.
As regards smoking, an analysis of the data showed that the inflammatory response, which is immediately triggered by infection with a pathogen, was heightened in smokers, and moreover, the activity of certain cells involved in immune memory was impaired. In other words, this study shows that smoking disrupts not only innate immune mechanisms, but also some adaptive immune mechanisms.
A comparison of immune responses in smokers and ex-smokers revealed that the inflammatory response returned to normal levels quickly after smoking cessation, while the impact on adaptive immunity persisted for 10 to 15 years. This is the first time it has been possible to demonstrate the long-term influence of smoking on immune responses.
Darragh DuffyHead of the Translational Immunology Unit at the Institut Pasteur and last author of the study
Basically, the immune system appears to have something resembling a long-term memory of the effects of smoking. But how? "When we realized that the profiles of smokers and ex-smokers were similar, we immediately suspected that epigenetic processes were at play(3)," says Violaine Saint-Andr, a bioinformatician in the Institut Pasteur's Translational Immunology Unit and first author of the study. "We demonstrated that the long-term effects of smoking on immune responses were linked to differences in DNA methylation(4) with the potential to modify the expression of genes involved in immune cell metabolism between smokers, ex-smokers and non-smokers." It therefore appears that smoking can induce persistent changes to the immune system through epigenetic mechanisms.
This is a major discovery elucidating the impact of smoking on healthy individuals' immunity and also, by comparison, on the immunity of individuals suffering from various diseases.
Violaine Saint-AndrBioinformatician in the Institut Pasteur's Translational Immunology Unit and first author of the study
(1) proteins secreted by a large number of immune cells to communicate among themselves and participate in immune defense.
(2) a virus in the herpes family that is often asymptomatic though dangerous to fetuses.
(3) changes in DNA that affect how genes are expressed, i.e. how they are used by cells.
(4) methylation is a type of chemical modification. Methyl groups position themselves on DNA, changing the way in which the genome is read in the cell.
Smoking changes adaptive immunity with persistent effects, Nature, February 14, 2024
Violaine Saint-Andr1,2*, Bruno Charbit3, Anne Biton2, Vincent Rouilly4, Cline Possm1, Anthony Bertrand1,5, Maxime Rotival6, Jacob Bergstedt6,7,8, Etienne Patin6, Matthew L. Albert9, Lluis Quintana-Murci6,10, Darragh Duffy1,3*, and the Milieu Interieur Consortium
1Translational Immunology Unit, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Universit Paris Cit, Paris 75015, France. 2Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, Department of Computational Biology, InstitutPasteur, Universit Paris Cit, Paris 75015, France. 3Cytometry and Biomarkers UTechS, Center for Translational Research, Institut Pasteur, Universit Paris Cit, Paris 75015, France. 4DATACTIX, Paris, France. 5Frontiers of Innovation in Research and Education PhD Program, LPI Doctoral School, Universit Paris Cit, Paris, France. 6Institut Pasteur, Universit Paris Cit, CNRS UMR2000, Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Paris 75015, France. 7Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 8Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 9HIBIO, San Francisco, California, USA. 10Chair Human Genomics and Evolution, Collge de France, Paris 75005, France. *Corresponding author
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Smoking has long-term effects on the immune system - Institut Pasteur