Genetics

Can we stand together and overcome adversity and genetics? – Laurel Outlook

I would like to refer to the excellent article by Barbara Karst in the Outlook September 3rd edition. I take exception to one statement.

Racism is not an inherent attitude. It has to be taught by someone - parents, grandparents, and others who are racist/ bigoted. This statement brings into play the continuing discussion; does man learn through nurture or nature? Do we only learn from the experiences encountered from the time of conception on, or is there residual knowledge passed on to us via genetics?

I would like to refer you to the works of Dr. E. O. Wilson, major proponent of sociobiology, Robert Ardrey and his four book series, The Nature of Man, and to the work of Dr Raymond Dart after his 1924 discovery of the Australopithecus Africanus. Their assertion is we learn by both nurture AND nature. Dr. Darts bold, blunt and controversial statement is both man and animals retain knowledge through instinct. The strongest instinct being the instinct to survive.

There are many facets to the act of survival. Currently most common is the discussion of the herd instinct, or the social need for community. This need for community is so strong, we use the deprivation of community as a form of punishment. We imprison, or remove from society our criminals. Solitary confinement is not only considered a punishment but has proven to be a form of torture. Religions shun or excommunicate controversial individuals. We instinctually repel or fear that which is new or not understood for it may threaten our survival.

To be succinct, we are all bigots. Strength in numbers, or the herd can provide security. We look alike. We talk alike. We think alike. I will be safe. I will survive and in times of stress, we revert to that which we presume will again protect us.

Ironically, the study of genetics has shown us the necessity for diversity. We have learned the inbreeding of animals and humans can cause numerous physical and mental deficiencies. We can also inbreed our society intellectually. The art of learning is augmented through the nurturing of our young and the continued exploration of creation throughout our lives.

In this time of social and economic uncertainty, will we revert to the herd? Retreat to our embattlements and separate into isolated communities fearful of the unknown? Or do we have the courage and strength of character to stand together in an ever expanding herd and face the unknown? Strength of numbers, nature, expansion of knowledge, nurture, they can work together.

Jim Tikalsky of Laurel

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Can we stand together and overcome adversity and genetics? - Laurel Outlook

Genetics

Brighton researchers lead study on genetics and asthma – The Argus

A STUDY has shown for the first time that genetics may play a part in how well children respond to treatment for asthma.

Researchers at Brighton and Sussex Medical School (BSMS) say their findings indicate that childrens asthma symptoms could be better controlled with personalised treatments.

Dr Tom Ruffles, honorary consultant in paediatric respiratory medicine, worked with a study team led by Professor Somnath Mukhopadhyay, chairman in paediatrics at the Royal Alexandra Childrens Hospital and BSMS.

Dr Ruffles and Professor Mukhopadhyay presented the results from their trial at the virtual European Respiratory Society International Congress.

According to Dr Ruffles, asthma affects one in 11 children in the UK and a child is admitted to hospital because of their asthma every 18 minutes.

He told the conference: Asthma is a common condition in children that causes coughing, wheezing and difficulty breathing.

We have a number of medicines that are generally effective in treating children with asthma, but they dont work equally well for all children.

We think that genetic differences could have an effect on whether these medicines work and thats what we wanted to examine in this study.

Previous research suggests the majority of children with asthma will benefit from standard treatment with a medicine called salmeterol and their regular steroid inhaler.

However about one in seven children have a small genetic difference which means using this medication could actually result in them having more asthma symptoms.

The BSMS study involved 241 young people aged between 12 and 18 who were all being treated for asthma.

Participants were randomly assigned either to receive treatment according to existing guidelines, or treatment according to particular genetic differences their genotype an approach known as personalised medicine.

Children in the personalised medicine group were treated with an alternative asthma medicine called montelukast.

Researchers followed the children for a year to monitor their quality of life, with a score between one and seven according to how their symptoms were and whether their normal activities were limited by their asthma.

They found that for children with a particular gene who were given personalised treatment, they experienced an improvement in their quality of life score.

Professor Mukhopadhyay said: These results are very promising because they show for the first time, that it could be beneficial to test for certain genetic differences in children with asthma and select medication according to those differences. In this study we saw only a modest effect, but this may be partly because the childrens asthma was generally very well controlled and only a few children experienced any serious symptoms during the 12-month period.

Larger trials, with a focus on those with poorer asthma control, may help us determine the true benefit for children of prescribing in this way.

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Brighton researchers lead study on genetics and asthma - The Argus

Genetics

In Brief This Week: Thermo Fisher, Fulgent Genetics, Qiagen, and More – 360Dx

NEW YORK Thermo Fisher Scientific said this week that the US Federal Bureau of Investigation has approved its Applied Biosystems RapidHit ID System for use by accredited forensic DNA laboratories to process DNA reference samples and search resulting profiles against the US National DNA Index System (NDIS) CODIS database without manual interpretation and review.

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In Brief This Week: Thermo Fisher, Fulgent Genetics, Qiagen, and More - 360Dx

Genetics

Invitae Appoints Kimber Lockhart to its Board of Directors – BioSpace

SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 11, 2020 /PRNewswire/ --Invitae Corporation (NYSE: NVTA), a leading medical genetics company, today announced the appointment of Kimber Lockhart to its Board of Directors, effective September 10, 2020.

"We are excited to welcome Kimber Lockhart to our board of directors, bringing expertise in scaling fast-growth businesses that will provide valuable insight as we continue to grow," said Sean George, co-founder and chief executive officer of Invitae. "Her expertise as a product, engineering and infrastructure leader, combined with her perspective on leveraging technology to improve healthcare for patients, will be a valuable addition to our board as we continue to pursue our mission to bring genetics to mainstream medicine to improve healthcare for billions of people around the world."

"I'm happy to join the board of directors at Invitae at this exciting time in the company's continued growth," said Lockhart. "Invitae's approach is unique and the company's capabilities combined with its dedication to its mission to make comprehensive genetic information services widely available has the potential to transform healthcare for patients worldwide."

Lockhart is an experienced technology leader, scaling technology platforms to support rapid business growth. Since 2015, Lockhart has served as chief technology officer at One Medical, a national leader in technology-enabled primary care, where she was previously vice president of engineering from 2014 to 2015. Prior to joining One Medical, Lockhart served in various engineering leadership roles at online file-sharing service Box from 2009 to 2014. Previously, Lockhart was co-founder and CEO of Increo Solutions, provider of document rendering and collaboration technologies, which was acquired by Box in 2009. She holds a B.S. in Computer Science from Stanford University.

About Invitae

Invitae Corporation (NYSE: NVTA) is a leading medical genetics company whose mission is to bring comprehensive genetic information into mainstream medicine to improve healthcare for billions of people. Invitae's goal is to aggregate the world's genetic tests into a single service with higher quality, faster turnaround time, and lower prices. For more information, visit the company's website atinvitae.com.

Contact:Laura D'Angeloir@invitae.com(628) 213-3369

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Invitae Appoints Kimber Lockhart to its Board of Directors - BioSpace

Genetics

BRCA1 and BRCA2 Gene Mutations: I Have a Mutation, What Are My Options? – University of Michigan Health System News

If a patient learns that they do carry a mutation in their BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, a genetic counselor can discuss potential options with them.

A common option for women is to undergo increased screening, including getting a breast exam from a health care provider every six months, and also a yearly mammogram and breast MRI.

There are also medications that people with BRCA gene mutations can take to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer, she says.

Doctors call these medications chemoprevention, but that makes it sound like chemotherapy, which its not, Milliron says. It is a medication that you do take for several years, and I think it's really important to have that discussion about the pros and cons and what to expect with a specialized health care provider. Women have to be at least age 35 and finished with family planning before they can consider taking a medication to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer because there is a risk of causing birth defects.

The medication that is usually given to premenopausal women is called tamoxifen, and studies point to more clear benefit for women with BRCA2 mutations. There are additional, related medications that are usually prescribed to postmenopausal women if tamoxifen is not a good option for those women.

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Some women chose to have both breasts removed a prophylactic/risk reducing bilateral mastectomy which has been shown to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer by about 90% to 95%, Milliron notes.

This is obviously a very, very personal choice, Milliron says. If you look at the statistics of the women who choose increased screening with mammogram and breast MRI, and the women who choose risk reducing or prophylactic bilateral mastectomy, there is no difference in the chance of passing away from breast cancer between those two groups. So that is something that I think is very important for patients to know and to understand.

These decisions can be influenced by watching family or friends go through cancer treatment, as can family dynamics as well as cultural and religious considerations, she adds.

Ovarian cancer is a different story than breast cancer, however.

I've been a genetic counselor for 22 years, and that is the only thing that has not yet changed about my job is that we still do not have a screening tool for ovarian cancer that works, Milliron says. So for a woman who has a BRCA1 gene mutation, we usually talk about having the ovaries and the fallopian tubes removed between 35 and 40. And then for a woman who has a BRCA2 gene mutation, we usually talk about having them removed between 45 and 50.

While the statistics vary slightly between studies, research shows this surgery can reduce the risk of developing ovarian cancer and fallopian tube cancer by 80 to 95%.

Birth control pills are also a potential option for women with these mutations to reduce their risk of developing ovarian cancer.

That may influence their breast cancer risk, however, so that's a conversation that we have to have, Milliron adds.

Men who carry a BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutation, are at increased risk for prostate cancer. And these can be more aggressive and develop at younger ages. For them increased screening starting about age 40 to 45 is recommended, including prostate-specific antigen, commonly referred to as PSA, testing and a digital rectal exam yearly.

The Rogel Cancer Center is very lucky to have a prostate cancer risk assessment clinic, Milliron says. So many times men are somewhat forgotten in the BRCA1, BRCA2 picture.

You can learn more about cancer genetics on the Rogel Cancer Centers website.

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BRCA1 and BRCA2 Gene Mutations: I Have a Mutation, What Are My Options? - University of Michigan Health System News

Neuroscience

Government of Canada recruits world-renowned researcher to bridge the gap between AI and Neuroscience – Canada NewsWire

Canada Excellence Research Chairs helps strengthen Montreal's position as a global center for Artificial Intelligence

OTTAWA, Sept. 10, 2020 /CNW/ - To build a country that is stronger, more innovative and better connected, Canada must attract world leading researchers and scholars to work, study and train research teams in our institutions. These leading innovators will help positionCanada as a hub for innovation and ideas that lead to the creation of jobs in today's industries.

Today, the Honourable Navdeep Bains,Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry, announced the appointment of Dr. Irina Rish, as the latest Canada Excellence Research Chair (CERC) in Autonomous Artificial Intelligence (AI). This announcement is part of the Government of Canada's investment of over $90million to establish CERCs to further Canada's standing as a global centre of excellence in science, research and innovation.

Supported by $10 million in funding from the Government of Canada over seven years and nearly $25 million from organizations such as the Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute (Mila) and the Universit de Montral, as well as several other public and private organizations, Dr. Rish will elevate Canada's profile as a leader in AI.

Recruited from IBM in New York, she plans to build an ambitious, cross-disciplinary research centre at the Universit de Montral where she is an Associate Professor in the Computer Science and Operations Research department. Dr. Rish and her team will work to bridge the gaps between AI, biology, neuroscience and psychology, which will give us a deeper understanding of the human brain.

Appointing a new CERC in Autonomous AI is a high point in growing a leading-edge research hub in Canada, maintaining our country's reputation as a world-class centre of excellence for AI research and innovation, and enhancing the potential for global impacts in medicine, industry and other critical sectors.

Quotes

"By attracting world-class researchers like Dr. Rish to Canadian institutions, our government is helping position our country as a globally competitive research hub. Making sure that Canada is at the leading edge of transformative research fields such as Artificial Intelligence will benefit the well-being and prosperity of all Canadians." The Honourable Navdeep Bains, Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry

"Professor Rish joins a formidable pool of talent in artificial intelligence and neuroscience here, in Montreal and across Canada. Through the CERC program, she and her team will have the opportunity to explore new and potentially very promising avenues. We are honoured to have her with us." Daniel Jutras, Rector, Universit de Montral

"The CERC program supports world-leading investigators from diverse backgrounds whose work at Canadian institutions strengthens Canadian innovation, social well-being and economic prosperity.Their work is equally invaluable in training the next generation of Canadian research leaders." Ted Hewitt, President, Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, and Chair, CERC Steering Committee

"Canadians can be proud of the experts that choose our institutes to pursue their inquiries in leading edge fields of research represented in the natural sciences and engineering. We know that Dr. Rish will shine a bright light on Canada's already strong cluster of knowledge in AI but more importantly, she will mentor and train the next generation of researchers in this exciting field." Dr. Alejandro Adem, President, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council

Quick facts

Associated links

For Canadian Science news, follow @CDNScienceon social media: Twitter, Instagram, Facebook

Follow Canada's three granting agencieson Twitter: @CIHR_IRSC, @NSERC_CRSNG, @SSHRC_CRSH

Follow the Canada Foundation for Innovation on Twitter:@InnovationCA

SOURCE Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada

For further information: John Power, Press Secretary, Office of the Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry, 343 550-1456, [emailprotected]; Media Relations, Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada, 343-291-1777, [emailprotected]; Andrea Matyas, Director of Communications, Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council, 613-608-6084, [emailprotected]

http://www.sshrc-crsh.gc.ca/

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Government of Canada recruits world-renowned researcher to bridge the gap between AI and Neuroscience - Canada NewsWire

Neuroscience

Brain Wave "Tug of War" Determines How Information Flows Through the Brain – Technology Networks

To produce your thoughts and actions, your brain processes information in a hierarchy of regions along its surface, or cortex, ranging from "lower" areas that do basic parsing of incoming sensations to "higher" executive regions that formulate your plans for employing that newfound knowledge. In a new study, MIT neuroscientists seeking to explain how this organization emerges report two broad trends: In each of three distinct regions, information encoding or its inhibition was associated with a similar tug of war between specific brain wave frequency bands, and the higher a region's status in the hierarchy, the higher the peak frequency of its waves in each of those bands.

By making and analyzing measurements of thousands of neurons and surrounding electric fields in three cortical regions in animals, the team's new study in theJournal of Cognitive Neuroscienceprovides a unifying view of how brain waves, which are oscillating patterns of the activity of brain cells, may control the flow of information throughout the cortex.

"When you look at prior studies you see examples of what we found in many regions, but they are all found in different ways in different experiments," said Earl Miller, Picower Professor of Neuroscience in The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory and senior author of the study. "We wanted to obtain an overarching picture so that's what we did. We addressed the question of what does this look like all over the cortex."

Added co-first author Mikael Lundqvist of Stockholm University and MIT: "Many, many studies have looked at how synchronized the phases of a particular frequency are between cortical regions. It has become a field by itself, because synchrony will impact the communication between regions. But arguably even more important would be if regions communicate at different frequencies altogether. Here we find such a systematic shift in preferred frequencies across regions. It may have been suspected by piecing together earlier studies, but as far as I know hasn't been shown directly before. It is a simple but potentially very fundamental observation."

The paper's other first author is Picower Institute postdoc Andre Bastos.

To make their observations the team gave animals the task of correctly distinguishing an image they had just seen - a simple feat of visual working memory. As the animals played the game, the scientists measured the individual spiking activity of hundreds of neurons in each animal in three regions at the bottom, middle and top of the task's cortical hierarchy - the visual cortex, the parietal cortex and the prefrontal cortex. They simultaneously tracked the waves produced by this activity.

In each region they found that when an image was either being encoded (when it was first presented) or recalled (when working memory was tested), the power of theta and gamma frequency bands of brain waves would increase in bursts and power in alpha and beta bands would decrease. When the information had to be held in mind, for instance in the period between first sight and the test, theta and gamma power went down and alpha and beta power went up in bursts. This functional "push/pull" sequence between these frequency bands has been shown in several individual regions, including the motor cortex, Miller said, but not often simultaneously across multiple regions in the course of the same task.

The researchers also observed that the bursts of theta and gamma power were closely associated with neural spikes that encoded information about the images. Alpha and beta power bursts, meanwhile, were anti-correlated with that same spiking activity.

While this rule applied across all three regions, a key difference was that each region employed a distinct peak within each frequency band. While the visual cortex beta band, for instance, peaked at 11 Hz, parietal beta peaked at 15 Hz and prefrontal beta peaked at 19 Hz. Meanwhile visual cortex gamma occurred at 65 Hz, parietal gamma topped at 72 Hz and prefrontal gamma at 80 Hz.

"As you move from the back of the brain to the front, all the frequencies get a little higher," Miller said.

While both main trends in the study - the inverse relationships between frequency bands and the systematic rise in peak frequencies within each band - were both consistently observed and statistically significant, they only show associations with function, not causality. But the researchers said they are consistent with a model in which alpha and beta alternately inhibit, or release, gamma to control the encoding of information - a form of top-down control of sensory activity.

Meanwhile, they hypothesize that the systematic increase in peak frequencies up the hierarchy could serve multiple functions. For instance, if waves in each frequency band carry information, then it higher regions would sample at a faster frequency to provide more fine-grained sampling of the raw input coming from lower regions. Moreover, faster frequencies are more effective at entraining those same frequencies in other regions, giving higher regions an effective way of controlling activity in lower ones.

"The increased frequency in the oscillatory rhythms may help sculpt information flow in the cortex," the authors wrote.

Reference:

Lundqvist M, Bastos AM, Miller EK. Preservation and Changes in Oscillatory Dynamics across the Cortical Hierarchy. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 2020;32(10):2024-2035. doi:10.1162/jocn_a_01600

This article has been republished from the following materials. Note: material may have been edited for length and content. For further information, please contact the cited source.

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Neuroscience

AbbVie to Present New Data From 18 Abstracts at the International Congress of Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders – PRNewswire

NORTH CHICAGO, Ill., Sept. 11, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- AbbVie (NYSE: ABBV) today announced it will present results from several studies, including the DYSCOVER study evaluating the efficacy of DUODOPA (levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel) on the duration and severity of dyskinesia in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD), at the 2020 International Congress of Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Virtual Congress, September 12-16. In total, 18 abstracts will be presented, including an overview of the pivotal Phase 3 study design for the investigational medicine ABBV-951 in patients with advanced PD, several studies evaluating the economic burden of PD, as well new and updated data evaluating AbbVie's neuroscience portfolio and pipeline.

The 12-week DYSCOVER study is the first randomized clinical trial comparing the efficacy of DUODOPA to optimized medical treatment (OMT) on dyskinesia in advanced PD patients using the Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale (UDysRS), which measures all aspects of dyskinesia with a comprehensive score as the primary endpoint.

The study design for the multi-country, open-label, single arm, 52-week pivotal phase 3 study of ABBV-951 (foscarbidopa/foslevodopa), a subcutaneous delivery of levodopa/carbidopa being investigated for the treatment of advanced PD, will also be presented. The study is evaluating the local and systemic safety and tolerability of ABBV-951 delivered as a continuous, all-day subcutaneous infusion via an external pump for up to 52 weeks in people with advanced PD. The study is in process and estimated to conclude in late 2021.

"At AbbVie, we are resolute in our commitment to address the unmet needs of people living with neurologic diseases through new and innovative solutions," said Michael Gold, MD, Vice President, Neuroscience Development. "In the face of uncertainty and the unknown, we are determined to preserve personhood. We look forward to participating in the MDS 2020 Virtual Congress and sharing our latest research with scientists and healthcare professionals from around the globe."

Other data presentations include analyses from several DUODOPA-related studies, including the COSMOS Observational Study, a multi-country, cross-sectional, retrospective, post-marketing observational study that enrolled patients with advanced PD who were treated with DUODOPA for more than 12 months. Also being presented are analyses from the DUOGLOBE study, athree-year global, multicenter, single-arm, non-interventional post-marketing observational study of patients with advanced PD treated with DUODOPA.

Additionally, abstracts demonstrating the prevalence, impact and economic burden of PD will be presented.

About Parkinson's DiseaseMore than 10 million people worldwide are living with Parkinson's disease1, a progressive and chronic movement disordercharacterized by tremor, muscle rigidity, slowness of movement and difficulty with balance.2It is classified as a movement disorder resulting from the loss of dopamine-producing brain cells.3The motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease begin when approximately 60-80 percent of the dopamine-producing cells in the brain are lost and symptoms continue to worsen slowly over the course of time.4While there is no known cure for the disease, there are treatments available to help reduce symptoms.5

As Parkinson's disease progresses, patients can experience fluctuations from an "on state" to an "offstate," during which they are slower and stiffer and experience more difficulty moving. Patients can also experience dyskinesias (involuntary movements). Dyskinesia is among the most troublesome symptoms of the disease with approximately 50 percent of patients presenting with dyskinesia four to five years after initiation of treatment and approximately 90 percent of patients presenting with dyskinesia after nine years.6

DUODOPA (levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel) EU IndicationDUODOPA is indicated for the treatment of advanced levodopa-responsive Parkinson's disease with severe motor fluctuations and hyperkinesia or dyskinesia when available combinations of Parkinson's medicinal products have not given satisfactory results.

Important DUODOPA EU Safety InformationDUODOPA is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to levodopa, carbidopa or any of the excipients, narrow-angle glaucoma, severe heart failure, severe cardiac arrhythmia, acute stroke, selective type A inhibitors and nonselective MAO inhibitors, conditions contraindicated for adrenergics (e.g. pheochromocytoma, hyperthyroidism, and Cushing's syndrome), and suspicious skin lesions or history of melanoma.

Some warnings and precautions include the following: device and procedure-related complications, sudden onset of sleep: caution should be exercised when driving and operating machines. Caution in: severe cardiovascular or pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, renal, hepatic or endocrine disease, or history of peptic ulcer disease or of convulsions. Risk of symptoms resembling Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome following abrupt dose reduction or discontinuation. Monitor all patients for the development of mental changes, depression with suicidal tendencies, and other serious mental changes. Caution in chronic wide-angle glaucoma; monitor for intra-ocular pressure changes. Patients with past or current psychosis should be treated with caution. Monitor patients regularly for the development of impulse control disorders, for example Dopamine Dysregulation Syndrome (DDS). Periodic evaluation of hepatic, haematopoietic, cardiovascular and renal function is recommended during extended therapy with DUODOPA. Patients with Parkinson's disease have a higher risk of developing melanoma. Monitor patients for melanomas on a regular basis when using DUODOPA. DUODOPA is not recommended during pregnancy. Breast-feeding should be discontinued during treatment with DUODOPA.

The most common adverse reactionwas complication of device insertion.

The very common ( 10%) and common (1% to < 10%) device and procedure-related adverse reactions reported in clinical trials includedabdominal discomfort, abdominal pain, peritonitis, pneumoperitoneum postoperative wound infection, incisional cellulitis, excessive granulation tissue, device dislocation, device occlusion, complications of device insertion, incision site erythema, post-procedural discharge, stoma complication, incision site pain, postoperative Ileus, post-procedural complication, post-procedural discomfort and post-procedural hemorrhage.

Most of these adverse reactions were reported early in the studies, subsequent to the percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy procedure, occurring during the first 28 days.

Drug-related undesirable effects that occur frequently with the DUODOPA system include nausea and dyskinesia.

This is not a complete summary of all safety information. See DUODOPA full summary of product characteristics (SmPC) at http://www.ema.europa.eu. Globally, prescribing information varies; refer to the individual country product label for complete information.

About ABBV-951ABBV-951 is a subcutaneous delivery of levodopa/carbidopa being investigated for the treatment of advanced Parkinson's disease.

About AbbVie in Neuroscience At AbbVie, our commitment to preserve the personhood of those living with neurologic and psychiatric disorders is unwavering. Every challenge in this uncharted territory makes us more determined and drives us harder to discover and deliver solutions for patients, care partners and clinicians. AbbVie's Neuroscience portfolio consists of approved therapies and a robust pipeline in neurologicand psychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease,bipolar disorder and depression, major depressive disorder, migraine, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease,post-stroke spasticity, schizophrenia, and stroke.

We have a strong investment in neuroscience research, with our Foundational Neuroscience Center inCambridge, Massachusetts, and our Neuroscience Discovery site in Ludwigshafen,Germany, where our research and perseverance in these challenging therapeutic areas is yielding a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of neurologic diseases, and identifying targets for potential disease-modifying therapeutics aimed at making a difference in people's lives. For more information, please visitwww.abbvie.com.

About AbbVieAbbVie's mission is to discover and deliver innovative medicines that solve serious health issues today and address the medical challenges of tomorrow. We strive to have a remarkable impact on people's lives across several key therapeutic areas: immunology, oncology, neuroscience, eye care, virology, women's health and gastroenterology, in addition to products and services across its Allergan Aesthetics portfolio. For more information about AbbVie, please visit us atwww.abbvie.com. Follow @abbvie on Twitter,Facebook,Instagram,YouTubeandLinkedIn.

Forward-Looking StatementsSome statements in this news release are, or may be considered, forward-looking statements for purposes of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The words "believe,""expect," "anticipate," "project" and similar expressions, among others, generally identify forward-looking statements. AbbVie cautions that these forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, failure to realize the expected benefits from AbbVie's acquisition of Allergan plc ("Allergan"), failure to promptly and effectively integrate Allergan's businesses, competition from other products, challenges to intellectual property, difficulties inherent in the research and development process, adverse litigation or government action, changes to laws and regulations applicable to our industry and the impact of public health outbreaks, epidemics or pandemics, such as COVID-19. Additional information about the economic, competitive, governmental, technological and other factors that may affect AbbVie's operations is set forth in Item 1A, "Risk Factors," of AbbVie's 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K, which has been filed with theSecurities and Exchange Commission, as updated by its subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. AbbVie undertakes no obligation to release publicly any revisions to forward-looking statements as a result of subsequent events or developments, except as required by law.

1 Parkinson's Foundation. https://www.parkinson.org/Understanding-Parkinsons/Statistics#:~:text=More%20than%2010%20million%20peopleAccessed August 27, 2020.2 The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research. https://www.michaeljfox.org/understanding-parkinsons/i-have-got-what.php#q2AccessedAugust 27, 2020.3 The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research. https://www.michaeljfox.org/understanding-parkinsons/i-have-got-what.php#q2AccessedAugust 27, 2020.4 National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Hope-Through-Research/Parkinsons-Disease-Hope-Through-Research. Accessed August 27, 2020.5 National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Hope-Through-Research/Parkinsons-Disease-Hope-Through-Research. Accessed August 27, 2020.6 Van Laar T. CNS Drugs. 2003;17:475-489.

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AbbVie to Present New Data From 18 Abstracts at the International Congress of Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders - PRNewswire

Neuroscience

Global and US Neuroscience Antibodies and Assays Market to Witness Huge Growth by abc Major Players included in report Thermo Fisher, Abcam, Bio Rad,…

Global Coronavirus pandemic has impacted all industries across the globe, Neuroscience Antibodies and Assays market being no exception. As Global economy heads towards major recession post 2009 crisis, Cognitive Market Research has published a recent study which meticulously studies impact of this crisis on Global Neuroscience Antibodies and Assays market and suggests possible measures to curtail them. This press release is a snapshot of research study and further information can be gathered by accessing complete report. To Contact Research Advisor Mail us @ [emailprotected] or call us on +1-312-376-8303.

The research report on global Neuroscience Antibodies and Assays market as well as industry is a detailed study that provides detailed information of major key players, product types & applications/end-users; historical figures, region analysis, market drivers/opportunities & restraints forecast scenarios, strategic planning, and a precise section for the effect of Covid-19 on the market. Our research analysts intensively determine the significant outlook of the global Neuroscience Antibodies and Assays market study with regard to primary & secondary data and they have represented it in the form of graphs, pie charts, tables & other pictorial representations for better understanding.

Consumables, Instruments are some of the key types of market. All the type segments have been analyzed based on present and future trends and the market is estimated from 2020 to 2027. Based on the application segment, the global market can be classified into Pharmaceutical& Biotechnology Companies, Academic& Research Institutes, Hospitals& Diagnostic Centers . The analysis of application segment will help to analyze the demand for market across different end-use industries.

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Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the industry is witnessing a major change in operations.Some of the key players include Thermo Fisher, Abcam, Bio Rad, Merck, Cell Signaling Technology, Genscript, Rockland Immunochemicals, BioLegend, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Roche, Siemens . key players are changing their recruitment practices to comply with the social distancing norms enforced across several regions to mitigate the risk of infection. Additionally, companies are emphasizing on using advanced recruiting solutions and digital assets to avoid in-person meetings. Advanced technologies and manufacturing process are expected to play a decisive role in influencing the competitiveness of the market players.

Regional Analysis for Neuroscience Antibodies and Assays Market:North America (United States, Canada)Europe (Germany, Spain, France, UK, Russia, and Italy)Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, India, Australia, and South Korea)Latin America (Brazil, Mexico, etc.)The Middle East and Africa (GCC and South Africa)

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Global and US Neuroscience Antibodies and Assays Market to Witness Huge Growth by abc Major Players included in report Thermo Fisher, Abcam, Bio Rad,...

Neuroscience

WVU RNI pioneering Alzheimers treatment to wider region of the brain – WBOY.com

MORGANTOWN, W.Va. The Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute (RNI) is conducting a study with the hopes of using its focused ultrasound technology to treat Alzheimers.

During this study, doctors injected microscopic bubbles into the patients bloodstream and exposed the bubbles to focused ultrasound from a treatment helmet attached to the MRI, temporarily causing the blood-brain barrier to open, according to an RNI press release. the technique works by opening the blood-brain barrier, which separates the bloodstream from the brain tissue and restricts medicines, immunotherapy, gene therapy and other therapeutics from entering the brain, researchers hope it can reduce plaques and lessens symptoms.

The focused ultrasound technology, what weve been using to widely treat a number of conditions, for example, Parkinsons and tremor. Almost three years ago we started a clinical trial using focused ultrasound treatment for those with early Alzheimers and Judy Pollack was the first patient in the U.S. to undergo that trial in Oct. 2018. Since that time we have now had seven patients who have undergone this focused ultrasound treatment for Alzheimers. We are optimistic about the potential for this technology for helping those with early Alzheimers disease. Were seeing some elements where the Alzheimers progression seems to be improving with the earlier patients in the study, but we need to learn more about that.

Using focused ultrasound, RNI has already treated Nanette Miller, who was diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimers disease, and she is now, less than a year later, on the road to potential recovery due to the expansion of the groundbreaking technique. This is according to the press release, which stated that the method lessened Millers symptoms.

I think the results are encouraging so far, were able to show weve achieved the objectives of this study in terms of opening the blood-brain barrier, number one safely and consistently and reproducibly, Rezai said. Number two, show a reduction in beta-amyloid plaques. And three were seeing some early signs of slowing down the progression of Alzheimers.

As a result of the initial successes, Rezai said the study had been expanded. Initially, RNI was targeting the hippocampus, he said, the part of the brain which handles memory and thinking. Now, because the first trial was a success, the Food and Drug Administration has permitted them to expand to other parts of the brain.

There are currently two new patients that are enrolled in the expanded study, Rezai said. The goal remains the same, to use the focused ultrasound to fight early-onset Alzheimers and other dementias.

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WVU RNI pioneering Alzheimers treatment to wider region of the brain - WBOY.com