The immune system is an assembly of structures and processes inside the body to protect against possibly damaging foreign bodies and diseases. It identifies various threats like bacteria, viruses, and parasites and distinguishes them from bodys healthy tissues. When the immune system weakness and lose the capability to detect and destroy the abnormal cells or body attacks and damages its tissues lead to diseases like cancer and autoimmune diseases. Immunotherapy is a process which includes the treatment by inducing, enhancing or suppressing an immune system to fight against the diseases.

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According to American Autoimmune Related Diseases Association, autoimmune disease affects up to 50 million Americans. Autoimmune diseases are of 80 types out of which most prevalent are rheumatoid arthritis, Systemic Lupus Erythematous (Lupus),Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis,inflammatory bowel arthritis, Psoriatic arthritis and affects different body organs like joints, muscles, skin, red blood cells, blood vessels, connective tissues and endocrine glands. Immunology drug is becoming the choice of several oncologists as they provide long-lasting affect by activating the immune system to identify cancerous cell and kill them through the natural process as well as improve the quality of survival. Some of the cancer treatment vaccines approved by FDA are bacillus Calmette-Gurin (BCG), Sipuleucel-T which propel the growth of the Immunology Drug market.

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Immunology Drug Market: Drivers and Restraints

The increase in the prevalence rate of the different type of cancer and rheumatoid cancer, rising government initiatives, increasing funding from the various government and non-government organization is driving the immunology drug market. Patients with poor prognosis are expected to drive the growth of the immunology drugtrial evidence reveals that after preparing the immune system to fight against cancer immunology, drug effects last for a long time even after the reduction of the tumor. High costs of immunology drug and lack of awareness could be the possible restraints for the immunology drug market. Also, the introduction of generic drugs in some regions and slower pipeline development are the challenges for the immunology drug market.

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Immunology Drug Market: Segmentation

Immunology drug market is segmented by drug class and the end users.

To the date most clinically and effective drugs in monoclonal antibodies are Humira (adalimumab) and Remicade (infliximab).

Immunology Drug Market: Overview

Development of some new drugs with success rate is expected to offer the good opportunity for immunology drug market. Wide-ranging scope of Immuno-oncology agents in different cancer treatments would provide the maximum share to immunology drug market in the forecast period. pharmaceutical companies and R&D are showing increased interest in this field and is expected to offer better potential for immunology drug market. Companies involved in partnership and R&D for efficient technologies are some of the latest trends that have been observed in immunology drug market. Currently, most of the immunology drugs are in clinical trial and are expected to rise the immunology market after clearance or success of these products from clinical trials.

Immunology Drug Market: Region-wise Outlook

North America has the largest share globally in immunology drug market because of the availability of better reimbursement policies, high potential to invest the huge amount of money in the development of immunology drug and the advancement in the technologies. Europe is the second largest region regarding value because of the easy accessibility to the immunology drug, and also the affordability for the cost of treatment is high. Increase in awareness, rising economy, increasing government initiatives and large patient pool in Asia-Pacific regions also demonstrates the higher growth in Immunology Drug Market.

Immunology Drug Market: Key Market Participants

Some of the major players in Immunology drug market are Abbott Laboratories, Active Biotech, Eli Lilly and Company, Autoimmune Inc., Pfizer, Inc., GlaxoSmithKline plc, Seattle Genetics, Inc., Genentech, Inc., F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Eisai Co., Bayer AG and Sanofi Aventis LLC.

Immunology Drug Market: Drivers and Restraints

Immunology Drug Market: Segmentation

Immunology drug market is segmented by drug class and the end users.

To the date most clinically and effective drugs in monoclonal antibodies are Humira (adalimumab) and Remicade (infliximab).

Immunology Drug Market: Overview

Immunology Drug Market: Region-wise Outlook

Immunology Drug Market: Key Market Participants

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Immunology

Comprehending contagion: 5 things to know about vaccines | News – The College of New Jersey News

October 28, 2020 medical

Amanda Norvell, TCNJs resident immunology expert.

With the race to a COVID-19 vaccine well underway, TCNJs resident immunology expert helps break down what it all means.

Amanda Norvell, biology professor and interim dean of TCNJs School of Science teaches courses in molecular immunology, and the biology of human disease and prevention.

Here are five things she says we should know about what vaccines are, how immunization works, and how we should approach a potential COVID-19 vaccine.

Norvell explains that a vaccine is something thats introduced into the body to induce an immune response. A vaccine shouldnt make you sick, but it will trigger your body to mount an immune response to fight off the disease-causing agent, and remember it so youll be able to efficiently and effectively attack the pathogen if it is ever introduced into your body again.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, vaccines are usually administered through needle injections, but can also be administered by mouth or sprayed into the nose.

A good vaccine should induce long-lived, specific immunity to a particular pathogen, she says.

Norvell explains that within any population, there will be individuals with immune systems that, for a variety of reasons, arent capable of mounting the desired immune response to a particular pathogen.

Good immunizations should induce protective immunity in most people, but vaccines likely do not induce protective immunity in every member of the population.

When most of the people in a population are immune to a specific disease-causing agent, person-to-person spread of that pathogen becomes much less likely. As a result, members of that population will be less likely to encounter the disease and should therefore be protected even those who arent immune or those who havent been vaccinated.

This phenomenon is called herd immunity.

Norvell says that to provide optimal protection of everyone in the population, a threshold of individuals needs to be immune.

For highly contagious diseases like measles, estimates are that greater than 90 percent of a population needs to be immune to achieve herd immunity, she says.

The major goal of vaccination is to prevent illness, so the gold standard for effectiveness is that an immunized individual does not get sick, Norvell says.

But protection could be more nuanced. For example, a vaccine may not prevent individuals from getting sick, but it may decrease the severity of their symptoms.

Perhaps a new vaccine may not decrease the absolute number of infected individuals, but it might decrease the fatality rate or the number of individuals who need to be placed on ventilators, Norvell says. If such a vaccine conferred enough protection to limit the severe effects of the disease, then it could be considered effective.

As the trials forge ahead and vaccines make their way to market, Novells best advice is to educate yourself, and ask questions.

Everyone should try to use reliable sources about our current understanding of the benefits and potential risks of each therapeutic candidate, Norvell says. Seek input from your physician and dont be afraid to speak up.

Emily W. Dodd 03

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Comprehending contagion: 5 things to know about vaccines | News - The College of New Jersey News

Immunology

Nektar Therapeutics Announces Phase 1b Clinical Study to Evaluate Bempegaldesleukin for Treatment of Patients Diagnosed with Mild COVID-19 – BioSpace

October 28, 2020 medical

SAN FRANCISCO, Oct. 27, 2020 /PRNewswire/ --Nektar Therapeutics (NASDAQ: NKTR) today announced that it has received FDA clearance for an Investigational New Drug (IND) application for its investigational IL-2 pathway agent, bempegaldesleukin (BEMPEG, NKTR-214), to be evaluated in a Phase 1b clinical study in adult patients who have been diagnosed with mild COVID-19 infection. The study is designed to evaluate whether BEMPEG's ability to stimulate lymphocyte production could improve treatment regimens for COVID-19 patients. Enrollment in the Phase 1b, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study is planned to start in early November.

The company will hold an analyst and investor conference call this morning, Tuesday, October 27, 2020, at 8:30 a.m. Eastern Daylight Time (EDT). The call will include Nektar COVID-19 Study Steering Committee Co-Chairs: Dr. Richard Bucala MD, PhD, Waldemar Von Zedtwitz Professor of Medicine, Pathology, and Epidemiology and Chief of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology at the Yale School of Medicine and Dr. Robert Gallo, co-founder and director of the Institute of Human Virology at the University of Maryland School of Medicine.

BEMPEG is an investigational CD122-preferential IL-2 pathway agonist that stimulates the immune system through the proliferation of lymphocytes. It is currently being evaluated in six separate late-stage clinical studies in patients diagnosed with melanoma, renal cell carcinoma and bladder cancer.

"Decreased levels of lymphocytes have been associated with increased mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Providing these patients with an agent like BEMPEG that can drive anti-viral adaptive immunity has the potential to improve these outcomes," said Dr. Bucala. "We believe this development program is important to determine whether stimulating the adaptive immune response with BEMPEG improves patient outcomes, and to hopefully bring this treatment to patients afflicted with COVID-19."

The Phase 1b, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study is designed to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profile of BEMPEG in adult patients with mild COVID-19. Eligibility criteria include symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, malaise, headache, and muscle pain without evidence of severe dyspnea or acute respiratory distress syndrome. Patients who meet the eligibility criteria will be randomized and treated with either a single dose of BEMPEG or placebo in combination with current standard of care treatment for patients with mild COVID-19. Primary and secondary endpoints include change over time in absolute lymphocyte counts and measurements of clinical progression based upon the WHO Clinical Progression Scale. The trial will enroll up to three cohorts of ten patients each, who will receive increasing doses of BEMPEG with the aim of evaluating safety and tolerability and to identify the recommended dose for future studies. The clinical trial will be conducted at various investigator sites in the United States.

"After many months of evaluating the emerging body of data on the correlation of decreased lymphocyte levels and the severity of disease in patients with COVID-19, Nektar and our scientific and clinical advisors made the decision to proceed with this important study of our cytokine investigational therapy BEMPEG," said Dr. Jonathan Zalevsky, Ph.D., Chief Research & Development Officer at Nektar. "Recovery in hospitalized COVID-19 patients has been linked to a robust T cell response, and our objective with the introduction of BEMPEG investigational therapy is to help the patient mount a comprehensive cellular and humoral immune response to the virus. The study design allows us to evaluate whether early intervention with BEMPEG's adaptive immune-stimulating mechanism that promotes priming and proliferation of T cells and NK cells could be useful in the emerging treatment armamentarium for COVID-19. Following the successful completion of this initial Phase 1b study, our plan is to advance development into COVID-19 patients who present with lymphopenia. We are hopeful that this unique approach could ultimately lead to a reduction in the severity of disease and in long-term hospitalizations and mortality."

Analyst Call Details

Date and Time: Tuesday, October 27, 2020 at 8:30 a.m. Eastern Daylight TimeDial-in: (877) 881-2183 (toll-free) or (970) 315-0453 (Conference ID: 1418007)Investors and analysts can also view slides and listen to the live audio webcast of the presentation at https://edge.media-server.com/mmc/p/tc46muyj. The event will also be available for replay for two weeks on the company's website, http://www.nektar.com.

Dr. Richard Bucala

Richard Bucala, MD, PhD, is a Professor of Medicine, Pathology, and Epidemiology & Public Health at the Yale School of Medicine. He studies the mechanisms by which protective immune responses lead to immunopathology, focusing on MIF-family cytokines and their genetics, which his group first cloned and characterized. Currently, his laboratory is leading multidisciplinary efforts to develop immunotherapies tailored to an individual's genetic makeup. An anti-MIF antibody developed by his group is undergoing clinical evaluation in oncology and additional MIF antagonists are in advanced clinical testing for different inflammatory indications. Dr. Bucala also is credited with the discovery of the fibrocyte, which is being targeted therapeutically in different fibrosing disorders. He is a co-founder of MIFCOR, a biotechnology startup begun as a student-advised project. Dr. Bucala was elected to the American Society for Clinical Investigation and the Association of American Physicians. He is the former Editor-in-Chief of Arthritis & Rheumatology and has served on numerous advisory boards for the NIH, the pharmaceutical industry, academia, and private foundations.

Dr. Robert Gallo

Robert C. Gallo, MD is the co-founder of The Institute of Human Virology (IHV) at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. He led the team that discovered IL-2 and identified the first retroviruses in humans. He became world famous in 1984 when he co-discovered HIV as the cause of AIDS, and his team developed the first blood test for HIV. Little was known then of the mysterious disease that was fast becoming the deadliest in medical history. Since then, Dr. Gallo has spent much of his career trying to put an end to this raging epidemic and other viral, chronic illnesses. Lifetime achievements in Dr. Gallo's legendary career include discoveries that have led to both diagnostic and therapeutic advances in cancer, AIDS and other viral disorders while his vision remains unprecedented in the field of virology.

About Bempegaldesleukin (BEMPEG; NKTR-214)

BEMPEG is an investigational, first-in-class, CD122-preferential IL-2 pathway agonist designed to provide rapid activation and proliferation of cytotoxic immune cells,known as CD8+ effector T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, without over activating the immune system. The agent is designed to stimulate these immune cells in the body by targeting CD122 specific receptors found on the surface of these immune cells. CD122, which is also known as the Interleukin-2 receptor beta subunit, is a key signaling receptor that is known to increase proliferation of these effector T cells.1In clinical and preclinical studies, treatment with BEMPEG resulted in expansion of these cells and mobilization into the tumor micro-environment.2,3 Bempegaldesleukin has an antibody-like dosing regimen similar to the existing checkpoint inhibitor class of approved medicines being used to treat a range of cancers.

About Nektar Therapeutics

Nektar Therapeutics is a biopharmaceutical company with a robust, wholly owned R&D pipeline of investigational medicines in oncology and immunology as well as a portfolio of approved partnered medicines. Nektar is headquartered in San Francisco, California, with additional operations in Huntsville, Alabama and Hyderabad, India. Further information about the company and its drug development programs and capabilities may be found online at http://www.nektar.com.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements which can be identified by words such as: "may," "design," "potential," "evaluate," "plan," "will," and similar references to future periods. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements we make regarding the therapeutic potential of, and future development plans for, bempegaldesleukin, and the timing of the initiation of clinical studies for bempegaldesleukin. Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Instead, they are based only on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, anticipated events and trends, the economy and other future conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict and many of which are outside of our control. Our actual results may differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements. Therefore, you should not rely on any of these forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements include, among others: (i) our statements regarding the therapeutic potential of bempegaldesleukin in patients who have been diagnosed with COVID-19 infection are based on data that is evolving and does not include clinical testing of bempegaldesleukin for this intended patient population, and there is no guarantee that the clinical evaluation of bempegaldesleukin in COVID-19 patients will support the use of bempegaldesleukin in this patient population; (ii) bempegaldesleukin is an investigational agent and continued research and development for this drug candidate is subject to substantial risks, including negative safety and efficacy findings in ongoing clinical studies (notwithstanding positive findings in earlier preclinical and clinical studies); (iii) as bempegaldesleukin is currently in clinical development, the risk of failure is high and failure can unexpectedly occur at any stage prior to regulatory approval; (iv) the timing of the commencement or end of clinical trials and the availability of clinical data may be delayed or unsuccessful due to regulatory delays, slower than anticipated patient enrollment, manufacturing challenges, changing standards of care, evolving regulatory requirements, clinical trial design, clinical outcomes, competitive factors, or delay or failure in ultimately obtaining regulatory approval in one or more important markets; (v) patents may not issue from our patent applications for our drug candidates, patents that have issued may not be enforceable, or additional intellectual property licenses from third parties may be required; and (vi) certain other important risks and uncertainties set forth in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 7, 2020. Any forward-looking statement made by us in this press release is based only on information currently available to us and speaks only as of the date on which it is made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement, whether written or oral, that may be made from time to time, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.

1. Boyman, J., et al., Nature Reviews Immunology, 2012, 12:180-90.

2. Charych, D., et al., Clin Can Res, 2016, 22(3):680-90.

3. Diab, A., et al., Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer, 2016, 4(Suppl 1):P369

Contact:

For Investors:Jerry Isaacson of Nektar Therapeutics628-895-0634

Vivian Wu of Nektar Therapeutics628-895-0661

For Media:Dan Budwick of 1AB973-271-6085

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Nektar Therapeutics Announces Phase 1b Clinical Study to Evaluate Bempegaldesleukin for Treatment of Patients Diagnosed with Mild COVID-19 - BioSpace

Immunology

R&D Activities to Fast-track the Growth of the Immunology Drug Market Between 2017 2025 – Zenit News

October 28, 2020 medical

In 2018, the market size of Immunology Drug Market is million US$ and it will reach million US$ in 2025, growing at a CAGR of from 2018; while in China, the market size is valued at xx million US$ and will increase to xx million US$ in 2025, with a CAGR of xx% during forecast period.

In this report, 2018 has been considered as the base year and 2018 to 2025 as the forecast period to estimate the market size for Immunology Drug .

This report studies the global market size of Immunology Drug , especially focuses on the key regions like United States, European Union, China, and other regions (Japan, Korea, India and Southeast Asia).

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This study presents the Immunology Drug Market production, revenue, market share and growth rate for each key company, and also covers the breakdown data (production, consumption, revenue and market share) by regions, type and applications. Immunology Drug history breakdown data from 2014 to 2018, and forecast to 2025.

For top companies in United States, European Union and China, this report investigates and analyzes the production, value, price, market share and growth rate for the top manufacturers, key data from 2014 to 2018.

In global Immunology Drug market, the following companies are covered:

key players and products offered

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The content of the study subjects, includes a total of 15 chapters:

Chapter 1, to describe Immunology Drug product scope, market overview, market opportunities, market driving force and market risks.

Chapter 2, to profile the top manufacturers of Immunology Drug , with price, sales, revenue and global market share of Immunology Drug in 2017 and 2018.

Chapter 3, the Immunology Drug competitive situation, sales, revenue and global market share of top manufacturers are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast.

Chapter 4, the Immunology Drug breakdown data are shown at the regional level, to show the sales, revenue and growth by regions, from 2014 to 2018.

Chapter 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, to break the sales data at the country level, with sales, revenue and market share for key countries in the world, from 2014 to 2018.

For any queries get in touch with Industry Expert @ https://www.persistencemarketresearch.co/ask-an-expert/15259

Chapter 10 and 11, to segment the sales by type and application, with sales market share and growth rate by type, application, from 2014 to 2018.

Chapter 12, Immunology Drug market forecast, by regions, type and application, with sales and revenue, from 2018 to 2024.

Chapter 13, 14 and 15, to describe Immunology Drug sales channel, distributors, customers, research findings and conclusion, appendix and data source.

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R&D Activities to Fast-track the Growth of the Immunology Drug Market Between 2017 2025 - Zenit News

Immunology

Covid-19: NIAID Halts Trial of Eli Lilly Antibody Cocktail After It Fails to Reduce Severe Disease – Physician’s Weekly

October 28, 2020 medical

Meanwhile, two conflicting studies leave question of antibody response post-Covid infection up in the air

As Covid-19 cases continue to skyrocket across the U.S., a trial of Eli Lillys antibody cocktail in patients hospitalized with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection has fallen flat; meanwhile, the question of how long Covid-19 antibodies stick around in patients who previously contracted the disease and what those antibodies mean for immunity is still up in the air.

LY-CoV555 a No-Go for Severe Covid-19

The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)-sponsored ACTIVE-3 trial testing Eli Lillys antibody drug in hospitalized Covid-19 patients is shutting down due to a lack of efficacy.

Enrollment in this trial of Eli Lillys antibody cocktail, LY-CoV555, was paused earlier this month due to a potential safety issue; however, NIAID clarified that this early end to the study has nothing to do with the drugs safety and everything to do with its seeming inability to help patients hospitalized with severe coronavirus infection, Associated Press reported.

While trials for the drug are being halted in this particular population, the manufacturer noted that other studies of LY-CoV555 are moving ahead, including a National Institutes of Health (NIH)-sponsored study of the drug in patients recently diagnosed with mild-to-moderate Covid-19 and Eli Lilly Chairman and CEO Dave Ricks holds out hope that the drug will still be beneficial for other populations with Covid-19, according to reporting from CNBC.

Its disappointing, of course, Ricks told CNBC when asked about the failed trial. We would have liked to have shown a benefit in the hospital. It doesnt appear that that benefit is there, so this chapter of that study will close.

Eli Lilly submitted a request for an emergency use authorization (EUA) for the drug earlier this month based on interim data displaying efficacy in recently diagnosed Covid patients with mild to moderate disease. Regeneron, which has been developing a similar antibody treatment for Covid-19, filed for an EUA of its own earlier this month, on the same day that President Donald Trump credited the antibody cocktail with curing his own bout with Covid-19, which landed him in Walter Reed Hospital at the start of October.

How Long Do Covid Antibodies Remain?

As pharmaceutical companies scramble to find effective therapies for Covid-19 and the race for a viable vaccine candidate continues, the question of whether Covid-19 herd immunity is even on the table continues to divide experts. For example, a recently published study from Science Immunology found that serum and saliva IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were still present in the majority of Covid-19 patients for at least 3 months prior to symptom onset; meanwhile, preliminary findings from a study of more than 350,000 people by Imperial College London which has yet to be peer reviewed found that the number of patients with Covid-19 antibodies declined by more than 26% over a period of three months.

In the study from Science Immunology, Jennifer L. Gommerman, PhD, of the Department of Immunology at the University of Toronto, and colleagues profiled by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) IgG, IgA and IgM responses to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (full length trimer) and its receptor-binding domain (RBD) in serum and saliva of acute and convalescent patients with laboratory-diagnosed Covid-19 ranging from 3115 days post-symptom onset (PSO), compared to negative controls, they explained.

We observed no drastic decline in levels of anti-spike, anti-RBD or anti-NP IgG levels over a 3-month period, the study authors wrote. The same was true for the antigen-specific measurements in saliva (anti-spike and anti-RBD IgG). On the other hand, similar to other findings (28, 29), IgA and IgM responses to SARS-CoV-2 antigens were found to decline in both serum and saliva. In summary, our data show that a durable IgG response against SARS-CoV-2 antigens is generated in both the saliva and serum in most patients with Covid-19.

This study suggests that if a vaccine is properly designed, it has the potential to induce a durable antibody response that can help protect the vaccinated person against the virus that causes Covid-19, Gommerman said in a statement to SciTechDaily.

Meanwhile, Helen Ward, FRCP, FFPH, and colleagues from Imperial College London conducted the REACT-2 study in England, U.K., in which 365,104 adult patients self-administered three rounds of lateral flow immunoassays (LFIA) to test for IgG.

There were 17,576 positive tests over the three rounds, Ward and colleagues found. Antibody prevalence, adjusted for test characteristics and weighted to the adult population of England, declined from 6.0% [5.8, 6.1], to 4.8% [4.7, 5.0] and 4.4% [4.3, 4.5], a fall of 26.5% [29.0, 23.8] over the three months of the study. There was a decline between rounds 1 and 3 in all age groups, with the highest prevalence of a positive result and smallest overall decline in positivity in the youngest age group (18-24 years: 14.9% [21.6, 8.1]), and lowest prevalence and largest decline in the oldest group (75+ years: 39.0% [50.8, 27.2]); there was no change in antibody positivity between rounds 1 and 3 in healthcare workers (+3.45% [5.7, +12.7]).

These findings suggest the possibility that population immunity decreases over time, leading to a potential for increased risk of reinfection, the study authors argued.

This very large study has shown that the proportion of people with detectable antibodies is falling over time, Ward said in a statement to CNBC. We dont yet know whether this will leave these people at risk of reinfection with the virus that causes Covid-19, but it is essential that everyone continues to follow guidance to reduce the risk to themselves and others.

And the question remains as to whether Covid-19 antibodies actually translate to immunity from the virus, noted Paul Elliott, FFPH, FRCP, FMedSci, coauthor of the study.

Testing positive for antibodies does not mean you are immune to Covid-19, he told CNBC. It remains unclear what level of immunity antibodies provide, or for how long this immunity lasts If someone tests positive for antibodies, they still need to follow national guidelines including social distancing measures, getting a swab test if they have symptoms and wearing face coverings where required.

Other Covid-19 News

Stay up-to-date on the latest Covid-19 developments with BreakingMED:

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Immunology

Aviceda Therapeutics Announces Formation of Scientific Advisory Board – BioSpace

October 28, 2020 medical

Oct. 27, 2020 12:00 UTC

CAMBRIDGE, Mass.--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Aviceda Therapeutics, a late-stage, pre-clinical biotech company focused on developing the next generation of immuno-modulators by harnessing the power of glycobiology to manipulate the innate immune system and chronic, non-resolving inflammation, is announcing the members of its Scientific Advisory Board who will help shape ongoing development efforts.

The Aviceda Scientific Advisory Board includes Pamela Stanley, PhD; Ajit Varki, MD; Christopher Scott, PhD; Geert-Jan Boons, PhD; Salem Chouaib, PhD; and Peng Wu, PhD.

Aviceda has assembled an extraordinary multi-disciplinary team of world-class scientists and renowned researchers to join our efforts in developing the next generation of glyco-immune therapeutics for the treatment of immune-dysfunction conditions, said Mohamed A. Genead, MD, Founder, CEO & President of Aviceda Therapeutics. Each individual offers a fresh perspective and unique strategic acumen that complements and strengthens the insights of our in-house leadership development team.

Prof. Scott, Aviceda Scientific Co-Founder, is Director of the Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology at Queens University Belfast. He is internationally renowned for his work in development of novel approaches in the field of antibody and nanomedicine-based therapies for the treatment of cancer and other conditions. Prof. Scott has a background in both the pharmaceutical industry and academia and was a founding scientist of Fusion Antibodies Plc. Research in his laboratory is funded by agencies such as Medical Research Council, UK charities and various industrial sources. He also held a Royal Society Industrial Fellowship with GSK from 2012 to 2015 and won the Vice Chancellors Prize for Innovation in 2015 with his groups work on developing a novel Siglec targeting nanomedicine for the treatment of sepsis and other inflammatory conditions.

The novelty of Avicedas platform technology is its potential to affect immune responses associated with a wide range of disease states, many of which are currently unmet or underserved needs. I look forward to the continued development of Avicedas core technology and moving forward to clinical trials that will pave the way for truly disruptive therapeutic strategies to enter the clinic that will significantly impact and improve patients lives in the not-too-distant future, said Prof. Scott.

Avicedas Scientific advisory chairwoman, Prof. Stanley, is the Horace W. Goldsmith Foundation Chair; Professor, Department of Cell Biology; and Associate Director for Laboratory Research of the Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York. She obtained a doctorate degree from the University of Melbourne, Australia, for studies of influenza virus, and was subsequently a postdoctoral fellow of the Medical Research Council of Canada in the laboratory of Louis Siminovitch, University of Toronto, where she studied somatic cell genetics. Prof. Stanleys laboratory is focused on identifying roles for mammalian glycans in development, cancer and Notch signaling. Among her many varied contributions, Prof. Stanleys laboratory has isolated a large panel of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) glycosylation mutants; characterized them at the biochemical, structural and genetic levels; and used them to identify new aspects of glycan synthesis and functions. She serves on the editorial boards of Scientific Reports, Glycobiology and FASEB Bio Advances; she is an editor of the textbook Essentials of Glycobiology; and her laboratory is the recipient of grants from the National Institutes of Health. Prof. Stanley has received numerous awards, including a MERIT award from the National Institutes of Health, an American Cancer Society Faculty Research Award, the Karl Meyer Award from the Society for Glycobiology (2003) and the International Glycoconjugate Organization (IGO) Award (2003).

Working with Aviceda represents a unique opportunity to contribute to science at the cutting edge. Its pipeline contains a broad range of candidates that represents numerous first-in-class opportunities, said Prof. Stanley.

Prof. Varki is currently a distinguished professor of medicine and cellular and molecular medicine, Co-director of the Glycobiology Research and Training Center and Executive Co-director for the UCSD/Salk Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny at the University of California, San Diego; and an Adjunct Professor at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies. Dr. Varki is also the executive editor of the textbook Essentials of Glycobiology. He received basic training in physiology, medicine, biology and biochemistry at the Christian Medical College, Vellore, The University of Nebraska, and Washington University in St. Louis, as well as formal training and certification in internal medicine, hematology and oncology. Dr. Varki is the recipient of numerous awards and recognitions, including election to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the US National Academy of Medicine, a MERIT award from the National Institutes of Health, an American Cancer Society Faculty Research Award, the Karl Meyer Award from the Society for Glycobiology and the International Glycoconjugate Organization (IGO) Award (2007).

The Aviceda team is already building on the foundational work in the emerging field of glycobiology to develop potential therapeutics and interventional strategies. Their work could be critically important for growing the understanding of how glycobiology and glycochemistry are applicable to immunology, and more broadly, to the field of drug and therapeutic development, said Prof. Varki.

Prof. Boons is a Distinguished Professor in Biochemical Sciences at the Department of Chemistry and the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center (CCRC) of the University of Georgia (USA) and Professor and Chair of the Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry of Utrecht University (The Netherlands). Prof. Boons directs a research program focused on the synthesis and biological functions of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates. The diversity of topics to which his group has significantly contributed includes the development of new and better methods for synthesizing exceptionally complex carbohydrates and glycoconjugates. Highlights of his research include contributions to the understanding of immunological properties of complex oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates at the molecular level, which is being used in the development of three-component vaccine candidates for many types of epithelial cancer; development of convergent strategies for complex oligosaccharide assembly, which make it possible to synthesize large collections of compounds with a minimal effort for structure activity relationship studies; and creation of a next generation glycan microarray that can probe the importance of glycan complexity for biological recognition, which in turn led to identification of glycan ligands for various glycan binding proteins that are being further developed as glycomimetics for drug development for various diseases. Among others, Prof. Boons has received the Creativity in Carbohydrate Science Award by the European Carbohydrate Association (2003), the Horace Isbell Award by the American Chemical Society (ACS) (2004), the Roy L. Whistler International Award in Carbohydrate

Chemistry by the International Carbohydrate Organization (2014), the Hudson Award (2015) and the Cope Mid-Career Scholar Award from ACS (2016).

Aviceda is leading the field of glycoimmunology in exciting new directions. I look forward to working with the company as it pursues multiple lines of development efforts that will someday transform the way immune-inflammatory conditions are treated in the clinic, said Prof. Boons.

Prof. Chouaib is the Director of Research, Institute Gustave Roussy, Paris, where he is active in research in tumor biology. Previously, Prof. Chouaib worked at the French National Institute of Health and Biomedical Research (INSERM) where he led a research unit focused on the investigation of the functional cross talk between cytotoxic cells and tumor targets in the context of tumor microenvironment complexity and plasticity. His research was directed at the transfer of fundamental concepts in clinical application in the field of cancer vaccines and cancer immunotherapy. Prof. Chouaib is a member of the American Association of Immunologists, New York Academy of Sciences, French Society of Immunologists, International Cytokine Society, American Association for Cancer Research, International Society for Biological Therapy of Cancer and American Association of Biological Chemistry. He was awarded the cancer research prize of the French ligue against cancer in 1992 and in 2004 the presidential prize in biotechnology. He was awarded for translational research and scientific excellency by INSERM. His research has resulted in more than 310 scientific articles and several reviews in the field of human immunology, tumor biology and cancer immunotherapy; he has also been an editor for several textbooks.

Dr. Wu is an Associate Professor in the Department of Molecular Medicine at Scripps Research. The current research in the Wu laboratory integrates synthetic chemistry with glycobiology to explore the relevance of protein glycosylation in human disease and cancer immunotherapy. In 2018, Dr. Wu developed a platform to construct antibody-cell conjugates for cancer immunotherapy, which does not require genetic engineering. Previously, while working as a postdoctoral fellow in the group of Professor Carolyn R. Bertozzi at the University of California, Berkeley, Dr. Wu developed an aldehyde-tag (SMARTag) based technology for site-specific labeling of monoclonal antibodies, which served as the foundation for Redwood Biosciences Inc., a biotech company co-founded by Bertozzi. In 2014, Redwood Bioscience Inc. and the SMARTag Antibody-Drug Conjugate technology platform was acquired by Catalent Pharma Solutions.

About Aviceda Therapeutics

Founded in 2018 and based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Aviceda Therapeutics is a late-stage, pre-clinical biotechnology company with a mission to develop the next generation of glyco-immune therapeutics (GITs) utilizing a proprietary technology platform to modulate the innate immune system and chronic, non-resolving inflammation. Aviceda has assembled a world-class, cross-disciplinary team of recognized scientists, clinicians and drug developers to tackle devastating ocular and systemic degenerative, fibrotic, oncologic and immuno-inflammatory diseases. At Aviceda, we exploit a unique family of receptors found expressed on all innate immune cells and their associated glycobiological interactions to develop transformative medicines. Combining the power of our biology with our innovative cell-based high-throughput screening platform and proprietary nanoparticle technology, we can modulate the innate immune response specifically and profoundly. Aviceda is developing a pipeline of GITs that are delivered via biodegradable nanoparticles and which safely and effectively target numerous immune-inflammatory conditions. Avicedas lead ophthalmic optimized nanoparticle, as an intravitreal formulation, AVD-104, is being developed to target various immune system responses that contribute to pathology associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

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Aviceda Therapeutics Announces Formation of Scientific Advisory Board - BioSpace

Immunology

Very naive to believe that Covid-19 vaccine will eliminate the virus, top immunology expert warns – The Irish Sun

October 28, 2020 medical

A TOP immunology expert has said it is "very naive" to believe that a Covid-19 vaccine will eliminate the virus.

Paul Moynagh, Professor of Immunology at Maynooth University, also said that "we need to be very careful" in treating a coronavirus vaccine as if it is a silver bullet.

When asked if we should stop thinking of a vaccine as a solution to solve everything, he told Newstalk Breakfast: "Yes, I think we need to be very careful there.

"It depends on how widely available a vaccine is, what the uptake is, how effective it is.

"The bar required in order to get the vaccine to eliminate the virus is enormously high.

"I think the vaccine will be a really important contributor to dealing with Covid-19 and reducing its impact."

He added: "But thinking that the vaccine is going to be released and that this is going to be the panacea, this is going to eradicate the virus - I think that's a very naive one.

"In terms of strategy going forward, we need to move beyond the vaccine whilst accepting that it will be a very important help to us."

He also said that for a Covid-19 vaccine to be effective, it is very important to get a big uptake in people taking it.

His comments come as a new survey from the Irish Pharmaceutical Healthcare Association found that only 55 per cent of people would take a Covid-19 vaccine were one available.

Professor Moynagh said: "Obviously you'd like to get that figure as high as possible.

"Maybe some people are worried that the speed in which we're moving, because generally in terms of developing vaccines it's quite a long process taking a number of years.

"Prior to this, the fastest vaccine ever developed was for mumps, which was around four years.

"So maybe some people are worried in terms of the speed at which we're moving but certainly that shouldn't be a concern in terms of the process that is being followed.

"Obviously in terms of adhering to safety and measuring how safe the various vaccines are, that process is still intact."

He added: "We should know in the next four to five weeks and get some of the readouts from the phase three trials and then look at the data in terms of how effective, how safe these vaccines are.

"It's really important that we get a big uptake of these vaccines, and there probably will be more than one.

"The reason why I say that is agencies like the WHO, they've defined success as vaccines that would give at least 50 per cent protection.

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"But if we've only got half the population taking the vaccine that is 50 per cent effective, that essentially means we really only have 20/25 per cent of the population protected.

"So really, we need to get as high an uptake as possible.

"That will be a challenge to get half the population vaccinated, in terms of how widely distributed the vaccines will be."

Excerpt from:
Very naive to believe that Covid-19 vaccine will eliminate the virus, top immunology expert warns - The Irish Sun

Immunology

Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market is Expected to Grow Due to Increasing Demand Says QYResearch | Top Players: Janssen Biotech, Inc.,…

October 28, 2020 medical

LOS ANGELES, United States: QY Research has recently published a research report titled, Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market Research Report 2020. This report has been prepared by experienced and knowledgeable market analysts and researchers. It is a phenomenal compilation of important studies that explore the competitive landscape, segmentation, geographical expansion, and revenue, production, and consumption growth of the global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs market. Players can use the accurate market facts and figures and statistical studies provided in the report to understand the current and future growth of the global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs market.

The report includes CAGR, market shares, sales, gross margin, value, volume, and other vital market figures that give an exact picture of the growth of the global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs market.

Competitive Landscape

Competitor analysis is one of the best sections of the report that compares the progress of leading players based on crucial parameters, including market share, new developments, global reach, local competition, price, and production. From the nature of competition to future changes in the vendor landscape, the report provides in-depth analysis of the competition in the global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs market.

Key questions answered in the report:

TOC

1 Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market Overview1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs1.2 Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Segment by Type1.2.1 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales Growth Rate Comparison by Type (2021-2026)1.2.2 Adalimumab1.2.3 Certolizumab Pegol1.2.4 Tofacitinib1.2.5 Etanercept1.2.6 Golimumab1.2.7 Abatacept1.2.8 Infliximab1.2.9 Others1.3 Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Segment by Application1.3.1 Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales Comparison by Application: 2020 VS 20261.3.2 Rheumatoid Arthritis1.3.3 Crohns Disease(CD)1.3.4 Ankylosing Spondylitis(AS)1.3.5 Psoriasis(Ps)1.3.6 Ulcerative Colitis(UC)1.4 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market Size Estimates and Forecasts1.4.1 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Revenue 2015-20261.4.2 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales 2015-20261.4.3 Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market Size by Region: 2020 Versus 20261.5 Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Industry1.6 Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market Trends 2 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market Competition by Manufacturers2.1 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales Market Share by Manufacturers (2015-2020)2.2 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015-2020)2.3 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Average Price by Manufacturers (2015-2020)2.4 Manufacturers Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Manufacturing Sites, Area Served, Product Type2.5 Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market Competitive Situation and Trends2.5.1 Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market Concentration Rate2.5.2 Global Top 5 and Top 10 Players Market Share by Revenue2.5.3 Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3)2.6 Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans2.7 Primary Interviews with Key Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Players (Opinion Leaders) 3 Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Retrospective Market Scenario by Region3.1 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Retrospective Market Scenario in Sales by Region: 2015-20203.2 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Retrospective Market Scenario in Revenue by Region: 2015-20203.3 North America Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market Facts & Figures by Country3.3.1 North America Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales by Country3.3.2 North America Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales by Country3.3.3 U.S.3.3.4 Canada3.4 Europe Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market Facts & Figures by Country3.4.1 Europe Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales by Country3.4.2 Europe Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales by Country3.4.3 Germany3.4.4 France3.4.5 U.K.3.4.6 Italy3.4.7 Russia3.5 Asia Pacific Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market Facts & Figures by Region3.5.1 Asia Pacific Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales by Region3.5.2 Asia Pacific Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales by Region3.5.3 China3.5.4 Japan3.5.5 South Korea3.5.6 India3.5.7 Australia3.5.8 Taiwan3.5.9 Indonesia3.5.10 Thailand3.5.11 Malaysia3.5.12 Philippines3.5.13 Vietnam3.6 Latin America Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market Facts & Figures by Country3.6.1 Latin America Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales by Country3.6.2 Latin America Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales by Country3.6.3 Mexico3.6.3 Brazil3.6.3 Argentina3.7 Middle East and Africa Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market Facts & Figures by Country3.7.1 Middle East and Africa Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales by Country3.7.2 Middle East and Africa Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales by Country3.7.3 Turkey3.7.4 Saudi Arabia3.7.5 U.A.E 4 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Historic Market Analysis by Type4.1 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales Market Share by Type (2015-2020)4.2 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Revenue Market Share by Type (2015-2020)4.3 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Price Market Share by Type (2015-2020)4.4 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market Share by Price Tier (2015-2020): Low-End, Mid-Range and High-End 5 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Historic Market Analysis by Application5.1 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales Market Share by Application (2015-2020)5.2 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Revenue Market Share by Application (2015-2020)5.3 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Price by Application (2015-2020) 6 Company Profiles and Key Figures in Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Business6.1 Janssen Biotech, Inc.6.1.1 Corporation Information6.1.2 Janssen Biotech, Inc. Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue6.1.3 Janssen Biotech, Inc. Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)6.1.4 Janssen Biotech, Inc. Products Offered6.1.5 Janssen Biotech, Inc. Recent Development6.2 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company6.2.1 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Corporation Information6.2.2 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue6.2.3 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)6.2.4 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Products Offered6.2.5 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Recent Development6.3 AbbVie Inc.6.3.1 AbbVie Inc. Corporation Information6.3.2 AbbVie Inc. Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue6.3.3 AbbVie Inc. Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)6.3.4 AbbVie Inc. Products Offered6.3.5 AbbVie Inc. Recent Development6.4 UCBCares6.4.1 UCBCares Corporation Information6.4.2 UCBCares Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue6.4.3 UCBCares Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)6.4.4 UCBCares Products Offered6.4.5 UCBCares Recent Development6.5 AMGEN6.5.1 AMGEN Corporation Information6.5.2 AMGEN Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue6.5.3 AMGEN Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)6.5.4 AMGEN Products Offered6.5.5 AMGEN Recent Development6.6 Celltrion Healthcare6.6.1 Celltrion Healthcare Corporation Information6.6.2 Celltrion Healthcare Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue6.6.3 Celltrion Healthcare Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)6.6.4 Celltrion Healthcare Products Offered6.6.5 Celltrion Healthcare Recent Development6.7 Biogen6.6.1 Biogen Corporation Information6.6.2 Biogen Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue6.6.3 Biogen Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)6.4.4 Biogen Products Offered6.7.5 Biogen Recent Development6.8 Genentech USA, Inc.6.8.1 Genentech USA, Inc. Corporation Information6.8.2 Genentech USA, Inc. Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue6.8.3 Genentech USA, Inc. Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)6.8.4 Genentech USA, Inc. Products Offered6.8.5 Genentech USA, Inc. Recent Development6.9 ROCHE6.9.1 ROCHE Corporation Information6.9.2 ROCHE Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue6.9.3 ROCHE Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)6.9.4 ROCHE Products Offered6.9.5 ROCHE Recent Development6.10 Pfizer Inc.6.10.1 Pfizer Inc. Corporation Information6.10.2 Pfizer Inc. Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue6.10.3 Pfizer Inc. Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)6.10.4 Pfizer Inc. Products Offered6.10.5 Pfizer Inc. Recent Development 7 Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Manufacturing Cost Analysis7.1 Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Key Raw Materials Analysis7.1.1 Key Raw Materials7.1.2 Key Raw Materials Price Trend7.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials7.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure7.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs7.4 Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Industrial Chain Analysis 8 Marketing Channel, Distributors and Customers8.1 Marketing Channel8.2 Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Distributors List8.3 Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Customers 9 Market Dynamics9.1 Market Trends9.2 Opportunities and Drivers9.3 Challenges9.4 Porters Five Forces Analysis 10 Global Market Forecast10.1 Global Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market Estimates and Projections by Type10.1.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs by Type (2021-2026)10.1.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs by Type (2021-2026)10.2 Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market Estimates and Projections by Application10.2.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs by Application (2021-2026)10.2.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs by Application (2021-2026)10.3 Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market Estimates and Projections by Region10.3.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs by Region (2021-2026)10.3.2 Global Forecasted Revenue of Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs by Region (2021-2026)10.4 North America Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Estimates and Projections (2021-2026)10.5 Europe Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Estimates and Projections (2021-2026)10.6 Asia Pacific Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Estimates and Projections (2021-2026)10.7 Latin America Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Estimates and Projections (2021-2026)10.8 Middle East and Africa Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Estimates and Projections (2021-2026) 11 Research Finding and Conclusion 12 Methodology and Data Source12.1 Methodology/Research Approach12.1.1 Research Programs/Design12.1.2 Market Size Estimation12.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation12.2 Data Source12.2.1 Secondary Sources12.2.2 Primary Sources12.3 Author List12.4 Disclaimer

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Ulcerative Colitis Immunology Drugs Market is Expected to Grow Due to Increasing Demand Says QYResearch | Top Players: Janssen Biotech, Inc.,...

Embryology

It’s time to remove the ten-year limit on social egg freezing – BioNews

October 28, 2020 medical

26 October 2020

According toUK law (theHuman Fertilisation and Embryology Act1990, as amended2008; henceforth 'the Act'), human eggs can only be frozen for a maximum of ten years for social reasons. However, if a woman has medical reasons (eg, being at risk of premature infertility), then they can extend the freezing of their eggs for as long as 55 years. While there are good reasons to challenge the basis of the regulatory dichotomy between 'medical' and 'social' reasons for egg freezing, I'm going to leave this aside for another discussion and ask instead if this ten-year social egg freezing limit should be maintained by regulators. This is a particularly timely question because it is something the UK government is currently reviewing.

A recent Briefing Note on 'Egg Freezing in the UK', by the Nuffield Council on Bioethics, has highlighted the ethical complexities surrounding egg freezing. The Briefing Note emphasised the importance of reviewing the time limit on frozen eggs, especially considering there is an increasing interest and use of egg freezing in the UK. The Council accurately points out that '[t]here appear to be few arguments against increasing this limit.' In this article, I aim to provide three reasons why it is time to remove the ten-year limit on social egg freezing. These reasons are drawn from my own research; however, they also reinforce and expand upon the points made in the Briefing Note itself.

Why is there a ten-year limit?

The ten-year limit on social egg freezing was a recommendation from the Committee of Inquiry into Human Fertilisation and Embryology, also known as the Warnock Committee. According to the recent 2020 consultation document published by the UK Department of Health and Social Care on 'gamete (egg, sperm and embryo) storage limits', in 1984 the Warnock Committee recommended the ten-year limit in response to the following concerns: a) 'it would be unreasonable and impractical to expect those responsible for storage to maintain all eggs and sperm stored indefinitely'; b) 'the risk of the use of frozen embryos was unknown'; and c) 'the legal and ethical complications that might arise over disposal of the embryos where the couple died, divorced or otherwise separated'.

No explanation is given for the period of ten years. Nevertheless, the ten-year limit made its way into the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Bill (that was subsequently passed) and we still have it today as part of the Act. While this restrictive ten-year limit may have helped to allay some concerns about egg freezing at the time it was introduced, it has nevertheless created a new set of problems.

Why we should remove the ten-year limit

I want to highlight three important arguments for removing the current limit, although there are many more.

First, egg freezing is expensive and physically demanding. However, there is nothing morally significant or medically special about the timespan of 'ten years' when it comes to freezing eggs. Perhaps this point is best highlighted by the fact that if a woman has appropriate medical reasons, the government will allow her to freeze her eggs for up to an additional 45 years. It is unethical to maintain this arbitrary time limit that creates a harmful asymmetry between the treatment of women who freeze their eggs for social reasons versus medical reasons.

This arbitrary ten-year limit also demonstrates a serious disregard for individuals' reproductive projects and everything that has been invested in them. The ten-year limit amounts to a major restriction on the reproductive liberty of individuals and the burden should rest on regulators to provide compelling reasons for retaining this limit, if they wish to do so (as part of the UK government's current review of the law). So far, no compelling reasons have been provided for retaining this specific restriction. Removing the ten-year limit on egg freezing is an important part of the reproductive medicine industry (including both clinics and regulators) treating women with dignity and respect.

Second, the ten-year limit is a blunt legal tool that papers over the many decisions clinics and patients have to make when deciding the fate of frozen eggs. As mentioned above, one of the reasons for the ten-year limit is that it creates an administratively convenient cut-off point in time to help clinics avoid having to negotiate tricky situations involving the disposal of eggs (eg, if a client dies or simply falls out of touch with the clinic). The fear is that without a ten-year limit on freezing the clinic could be stuck with the frozen eggs indefinitely.

I do not want to diminish the seriousness that such problems may create for clinics. I also recognise that some individuals with frozen eggs may also prefer having the ten-year limit because it takes the decision out of their hands if they no longer want to use the eggs but can't bring themselves to request their destruction. However, the UK needs better legal provisions to more specifically and appropriately address the practical concerns of clinics. Clinics also need to be providing appropriate counselling and support to their customers so that they feel informed and empowered to make decisions about the fate of their frozen eggs. This would be preferable to leaving some customers to rely on a provision in the law that takes this decision out of their hands after ten years.

Third, it is entirely possible that a woman may freeze her eggs and then remain uncertain about whether she wishes to use them to have children. In some instances, women may be approaching the ten-year mark but may wish to keep their eggs frozen so that they can continue thinking about donating them to help others have children or donating them to research. Donating eggs is a big decision, and one that might change over time. For example, someone who freezes their eggs at 23 years old may change their views considerably after ten or 15 years.

It is possible that if given more time (beyond ten years) more people might donate their frozen eggs later. However, the ten-year limit extinguishes this possibility. The fact of the matter is that in the absence of any compelling reasons otherwise, women with frozen eggs should be free to make decisions about how and when to use their eggs. It is unethical to maintain an arbitrary and unforgiving ten-year limit that restricts the time that individuals have to exercise such important aspects of their reproductive liberty.

These are only a few of the reasons why the UK government should abandon the ten-year limit for social egg freezing. It is crucial that the UK government recognises this need, for change and follows through by amending the Act.

PET's #ExtendTheLimit petition at http://www.change.org/extendthelimit calls on the UK Government to extend the ten-year storage limit for eggs frozen for non-medical (social) reasons.

The petition has amassed more than 1200 signatures to date. Help the petition reach 1500 signatures by reading, signing and sharing it.

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It's time to remove the ten-year limit on social egg freezing - BioNews

Embryology

Malawi First Lady Joins Merck Foundation First Ladies Summit via Videoconference to Discuss Healthcare Capacity and COVID-19 Response in Africa -…

October 28, 2020 medical

(Eds: Disclaimer: The following press release comes to you under an arrangement with Business Wire India. PTI takes no editorial responsibility for the same.) Mumbai, Maharashtra, India &Lilongwe, Malawi Business Wire India Merck Foundation appoints Malawi First Lady as the Ambassador of Merck More Than a Mother to empower infertile women Merck Foundation in partnership with Malawi First Lady and Minister of Health to provide speciality training to Malawian doctors in various fields such as; Oncology, Diabetes, Fertility, Embryology, Respiratory Care, Acute Medicines, Sexual and Reproductive Medicines to transform public healthcare sector in Malawi. Merck Foundation, the philanthropic arm of Merck KGaA Germany announced their long-term partnership with The First Lady of Malawi, during their first Video Conference Summit of Merck Foundation First Ladies Initiative (MFFLI). The MFFLI VC Summit was attended by 13 African First Ladies to discuss their joint efforts to build healthcare capacity and strengthen the response to COVID-19 in the country and Africa at large. Appreciating the programs of Merck Foundation, H.E. Mrs. MONICA CHAKWERA, The First Lady of Malawi emphasized, I am very happy to be appointed as Ambassador of Merck More Than a Mother. I will be fully supporting this campaign as The First Lady of Malawi, as a woman, this cause is very close to my heart. I will work in collaboration with our ministries to sensitize our communities, particularly in rural areas to better understand infertility hence to break the stigma around infertile women and to empower them through access to information, education, health, and change of mindset. Moreover, I am looking forward to building healthcare capacity in the country, through the programs of Merck Foundation, as it will contribute to the social and economic development of Malawi.Dr. RashaKelej, CEO of Merck Foundation and President, Merck More Than a Mother expressed, We are very happy to partner with The First Lady of Malawi, and underscore our long term commitment to build healthcare capacity, empower girls in education and break the stigma of infertility in Malawi. We are also very proud to appoint The First Lady of Malawi as the Ambassador of Merck More Than a Mother. We are going to work very closely with her and the Government of Malawi to make history together by providing training for the First Specialists in many fields such as; Fertility, Sexual and Reproductive Medicines, Oncology, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Respiratory and Acute Medicines with the aim to improve access to quality and equitable health care in the country. Merck Foundation will continue their important program Educating Linda together with Malawi First Lady to sponsor the education of 20 best performing girls in their secondary schools till they graduate. I truly believe that Education is Power and educating girls is empowering them to make their own decisions, stand up for their rights, and help them to access economic opportunities, added Dr. RashaKelej, One of 100 Most Influential Africans (2019, 2020). Merck Foundation will enroll the selected Malawian doctors by the First Lady office and Ministry of Health to their various training programs for the next 10 years. Moreover, Merck Foundation also celebrated three winners from Malawi for their Stay at Home Media Recognition Awards from Southern African Countries to raise awareness about COVID 19 in the country. About Merck Foundation First Ladies Initiative Summit MFFLI Merck Foundation, the philanthropic arm of Merck KGaA Germany conducted their first Video Conference Summit of Merck Foundation First Ladies Initiative (MFFLI) to define and follow up on different joint programs that aims to advance public healthcare sector capacity and strengthen the response to COVID 19 in their countries. The MFFLI VC Summit 2020 was hosted by Prof. Dr. Frank Stangenberg Haverkamp, Chairman of the Executive Board of E. Merck KG and the Chairman of Merck Foundation Board of Trustees and Dr. RashaKelej, CEO of Merck Foundation and President, Merck More Than a Mother and One of 100 Most Influential African (2019 & 2020) and attended by 13 African First Ladies, who are Ambassadors of Merck More than a Mother; H.E. AUXILLIA MNANGAGWA, The First Lady of Zimbabwe; H.E. ESTHER LUNGU, The First Lady of Zambia; H.E. FATIMA MAADA BIO, The First Lady of Sierra Leone; H.E. ASSATA ISSOUFOU MAHAMADOU, The First Lady of Niger; H.E. MONICA GEINGOS, The First Lady of Namibia; H.E. ISAURA FERRO NYUSI, The First Lady of Mozambique; H.E. MONICA CHAKWERA, The First Lady of Malawi; H.E. REBECCA AKUFO-ADDO, The First Lady of Ghana; H. E. FATOUMATTA BAHBARROW, The First Lady of The Gambia; H.E. BRIGITTE TOUADERA, The First Lady of Central African Republic; H.E. ANGELINE NDAYISHIMIYE, The First Lady of Burundi; H.E. NEO JANE MASISI, The First Lady of Botswana; H.E. ANA DIAS LOURENO, The First Lady of Angola. The MFFLI VC Summit, special edition aims to share experiences, discuss challenges, and define solutions to further strengthen healthcare capacity to better respond to this global pandemic in Africa. Download the Merck Foundation App nowhttps://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=de.merck.foundation&hl=en Join the conversation on our social media platforms below and let your voice be heard Facebook: Merck FoundationTwitter: @MerckfoundationYouTube: MerckFoundationInstagram: Merck FoundationFlickr: Merck FoundationWebsite: http://www.merck-foundation.com About Merck Foundation The Merck Foundation, established in 2017, is the philanthropic arm of Merck KGaA Germany, aims to improve the health and wellbeing of people and advance their lives through science and technology. Our efforts are primarily focused on improving access to quality & equitable healthcare solutions in underserved communities, building healthcare and scientific research capacity and empowering people in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) with a special focus on women and youth. All Merck Foundation press releases are distributed by e-mail at the same time they become available on the Merck Foundation Website. Please visit http://www.merck-foundation.com to read more. To know more, reach out to our social media: Merck Foundation; Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube and Flickr. To View the Video Click on the Link Below: H.E. Mrs. MONICA CHAKWERA, The First Lady of Malawi speaking during MFFLI VC Summit PWRPWR

Disclaimer :- This story has not been edited by Outlook staff and is auto-generated from news agency feeds. Source: PTI

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Malawi First Lady Joins Merck Foundation First Ladies Summit via Videoconference to Discuss Healthcare Capacity and COVID-19 Response in Africa -...