Genetics

Genetic Testing Services Market is Anticipated to Reach a Value of US$ 64.1Billion By the End of 2025 – BioSpace

Genetic Testing Services Market- Usage of Healthcare IT Provides Ample Expansion Opportunities, Finds Fact.MR

Fact.MRs latest report on Genetic Testing Services Market offers unbiased industry analysis for the period between 2020 and 2025. The study divulges exclusive information about existing opportunities and emerging trends across leading segments in terms of product, usage and end user. It also highlights various strategies employed by key manufacturers to gain edge in the market.

Fact.MR A Market Research and Competitive Intelligence Provider: According to the latest Fact.MR analysis, the global genetic testing services market size would reach US$ 64,131.4 million by 2025 and is expected to grow at a healthy CAGR of 7.6% between 2020 and 2025.

Genetic testing services have found widespread applications in several healthcare fields. These include oncology, obstetrics and ancestry. Genetic testing is predominantly used in determining the prevalence of various autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, Type-1 diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis, cancers and Guillain-Barre syndrome.

On the back of these factors, the global genetic testing services market is set to burgeon in the future. The market is set to record robust expansion with a CAGR of 7.6% during the forecast period (2020-2025), surpassing a value of US$ 64,131.4 Mn by 2025. Increase in the number of geriatric patients and spread of communicable and non-communicable diseases are also anticipated to leverage the genetic testing services market.

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Key Takeaways of Global Genetic Testing Services Market:

By test-type, new born screening is set to expand rapidly during the forecast period, recording a CAGR of 8.4%. Increasing incidences of hyperthyroidism and other chronic diseases among infants is projected to boost this segment.

Hospital-based laboratories are set to gain maximum traction in the global genetic testing services market during the forecast period. This is attributed to the rising prevalence of hospitalization within the geriatric population who suffer from a number of ailments. The segment is anticipated to account for two-fifth of the overall genetic testing services market.

The oncology segment shall find maximum application for genetic testing services in the future. The segment shall register an impressive CAGR of 8% during the forecast period. Rising cases of cancer and increased awareness about early diagnosis is expected to drive the segments growth.

Autoimmune diseases segment shall gain significant traction, owing to importance of tracing hereditary-based factors responsible for the prevalence of diseases like cancers. The segment is projected to expand at a CAGR of 7.8%.

North America shall dominate the global genetic testing services market, owing to increased demand for knowing ancestry, in-vitro fertilization and pre-implantation testing. The region shall hold around two-fifth of the global genetic testing services market, registering a robust CAGR of 7% in the forecast period.

Asia-Pacific projects lucrative possibilities for the expansion of the global genetic testing services market. Rising prevalence of cancer and increased incidences of genetic disorders such as Huntingtons disease are expected to boost market share in the region. A robust CAGR of 8.4% is predicted for the region.

The COVID-19 pandemic is anticipated to stimulate the growth of the genetic testing services market. As hospitals are reaching a saturation point, key companies are investing in various genetic testing methods to assist healthcare professionals in diagnosing and treating COVID-19.

Recently, Avellino Lab USA announced additional production shifts to scale up the manufacturing of the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Test. Christened AvellinoCoV2, this ultra-rapid genetic test helps clinicians diagnose COVID-19 by identifying and isolating the genetic markers as approved by the FDA and the CDC. It is highly reliable and accurate as well.

Likewise, MedGenome and SciGenom Research Foundation have published research into genetic susceptibility of the COVID-19 disease. The research concludes that there are variants in the ACE-2 gene that will help protect individuals from infection. The firms hope to eventually develop a potential drug based on these variants in collaboration with a suitable pharmaceutical company.

The global genetic testing services market shows prolific growth opportunities in the future. With increased prevalence of autoimmune diseases, patients are increasingly seeking solutions that help them determine hereditary anomalies and seek appropriate treatment. This is expected to majorly boost the market, concludes a Fact.MR analyst.

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Global Genetic Testing Services: Competition Landscape

The global genetic testing services market consists of the following players: Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, Quest Genetics Incorporated, Genomic Health, Inc., NeoGenomics Laboratories, Inc., Eurofins Scientific, Ambry Genetics and 23andMe, Inc. Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings dominates the genetic testing services market. It provides specialty testing services in womens health, Genetic genetics, allergies, cardiovascular disease and cancer Genetics.

The company processes tests on more than 3 million patient specimens per week and serves hundreds of thousands of customers in the United States. Likewise, Quest Genetics Incorporated offers various Genetic and clinical tests for several medical conditions such as hepatitis C, arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, neurology, Genetics, Pediatrics, autoimmune diseases and cancers. The companys main area of expertise is in providing Genetic information services.

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The research study on the global genetic testing services market by Fact.MR incorporates an unbiased assessment of key factors and trends responsible for shaping the landscape of the global Genetic testing services market over 2020-2025. It includes a detailed assessment of key parameters that are anticipated to exert influence during 2020-2025. Market statistics have been presented on the basis of Test Types (Prenatal Testing, New Born Screening, Predictive and Presymptomatic Testing, Pharmacogenomic Testing & Others) Service Providers (Hospital-based Laboratories, Genetic Laboratories, Specialty Clinics and Others) & Applications (Oncology, Infectious Diseases, Autoimmune Diseases and Others) across five major regions.

Key Questions Answered in Fact.MR Genetic Testing Services Market Report

Which regions will continue to remain the most profitable regional markets for Genetic Testing Services market players?

Which factors will induce a change in the demand for pleural catheter manufacturers during the assessment period?

How will changing trends impact the Genetic Testing Services market?

How can market players capture the low-hanging opportunities in the Genetic Testing Services market in developed regions?

Which companies are leading the Genetic Testing Services market?

What are the winning strategies of stakeholders in the Genetic Testing Services market to upscale their position in this landscape?

Important Insights Enclosed in the Report:

Technological developments within the Genetic Testing Services market sphere

Growth prospects for new market players across different regions

Company profiles of leading players in the Genetic Testing Services market

Up-to-date insights related to the key success factors impacting the growth of the Genetic Testing Services market

Recent mergers, acquisitions, partnerships, and strategic alliances

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Global Genetic Testing Services Market Segmentation

Fact.MR has studied the global genetic testing services market with detailed segmentation on the basis of test types, service providers, applications and key regions.

Test types

Service providers

Applications

Key Regions

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Genetic Testing Services Market is Anticipated to Reach a Value of US$ 64.1Billion By the End of 2025 - BioSpace

Genetics

Genetics of the future: How Tyumen State University scientists solve biosafety issues – TASS

The Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO) at Tyumen State University is one of the research centers in Russia dealing with biosafety issues. This year, it will celebrate its fourth birthday. The decision to create the center was made by the university's scientific council on November 27, 2017. In this short time, X-BIO has managed to make itself known not only nationally, but internationally as well, becoming one of the university's flagships in scientific research.

Employees at the Institute participate in projects at the West Siberian Interregional Scientific and Educational Center, the Kuchak Lake Carbon Range Project, and create their own laboratories. Andrei Tolstikov, Senior Vice-Rector of Tyumen State University, told TASS about alternatives to antibiotics scientists are looking for, how biologists participate in the digitalization of agriculture and why we need to engage in bioethics.

X-BIO Institutes field of work

According to Tolstikov, the new institute was shaped by the events happening in the world. The global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic more commonly known as the new coronavirus, which broke out in 2020, numerous outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, African swine fever and other dangerous diseases around the world, as well as yield losses of some crops due to diseases and pesticide resistant pests. All this has determined the vector of the new institute's development, Tolstikov said.

X-BIO is taking an active part in creating a world-class center for biosafety within the framework of the West Siberian Interregional Scientific and Educational Center and is implementing a number of projects within the framework of the Scientific and Educational Center for Human, Animal and Plant Biosafety.

As the senior vice-rector notes, the year 2020 was a significant one in the history of the institute, winning the project of the federal scientific and technical program for the development of genetic technologies under the leadership of West Siberian Interregional Scientific and Educational Centeracademician Andrei Lisitsa on the topic of microbiomes of agrocenoses. "Under the banner of the new project, six research teams from the X-BIO Institute got involved in solving problems to create an entirely new type of land management that can restore soil quality," Tolstikov said. Amongst their numerous projects, scientists are also working on Russia's first carbon test site at the university's biostation on Lake Kuchak.

Modern research in the hands of young people

By early next year, the Institute is expected to have new laboratories led by young researchers. In December, the ecological genetics and metagenomics laboratory, which was created on the money of the genetic technologiesgrant, will become operational and will be headed by Evgeny Simonov. Early next year, insect systematics and phylogenetics laboratory, headed by Maria Salnitskaya, will be launched. The laboratory, created as part of the Research Center, which deals with resource-efficient biomass processing technologies, is already beginning its work, headed by Ivan Shanenkov, an Alferov scholar.

"In addition, the X-BIO Institute will be the universitys central research uniting several "Priority 2030" Strategic Academic Leadership Program projects, which has received federal funding. These projects will address even larger tasks, expand the scientific agenda, and create long-term alliances with Russian and foreign partner organizations," Tolstikov says.

Why the work of the Institute is so important

The relevance of ensuring biological safety will only increase, according to Tyumen Universitys senior vice-rector. "Pathogens and pests are becoming more resistant to chemical agents. The so-called superbacteria are even found in Greenland and Antarctica, in the Amazon jungle. They are resistant to most antibiotics used in medicine and veterinary medicine. Finding new effective antibiotics in nature or synthesizing them is becoming increasingly difficult, and addiction to them is developing more and more rapidly," Tolstikov notes.

Traditional chemical agents are being replaced by biological methods of plant and animal protection. The Institutes antimicrobial resistance laboratory headed by Alexei Vasilchenko along with several groups of entomologists and acarologists is actively engaged in this work. The scientists are looking for new species of predatory insects and mites that can effectively regulate the number of pests of cultivated plants.

The role of biologists in the digitalization of agriculture

As Andrey Tolstikov notes, digitalization in agriculture is gaining momentum. The technical means to make this transition already exist, but they need to be adapted to specific agricultural enterprises. Specialists need to develop software and create specific package cases.

X-BIO is not on the sidelines. A search youth laboratory called AgroBioIT was created under the leadership of Aidar Fakhrutdinov. Its projects involve graduate and undergraduate students of various technical specialties. For example, they recently created a new product, a simulator for drone operators, which has already found customers and commercial prospects, said the senior vice-rector.

At the intersection of ethics and genetics

"The development of the latest technologies in the field of genetics must go together with the assessment of the ethical aspects of modifying biological and natural objects. Accordingly, there is an increased need for those specialists who can professionally evaluate these or other initiatives to introduce bioethics into training programs," Tolstikov believes.

According to him, the Institute is discussing plans to train personnel in bioethics.

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Genetics of the future: How Tyumen State University scientists solve biosafety issues - TASS

Genetics

Why Some People Find It Harder to Be Happy, According to Science – ScienceAlert

The self-help industry is booming, fueled by research on positive psychology the scientific study of what makes people flourish.

At the same time, the rates of anxiety, depression and self-harm continue to soar worldwide. So are we doomed to be unhappy, despite these advances in psychology?

According to an influential article published in Review of General Psychology in 2005, 50 percent of people's happiness is determined by their genes, 10 percent depends on their circumstances and 40 percent on "intentional activity" (mainly, whether you're positive or not).

This so-called happiness pie put positive-psychology acolytes in the driving seat, allowing them to decide on their happiness trajectory. (Although, the unspoken message is that if you are unhappy, it's your own fault.)

The happiness pie was widely critiqued because it was based on assumptions about genetics that have become discredited. For decades, behavioral genetics researchers carried out studies with twins and established that between 40 percent and 50 percent of the variance in their happiness was explained by genetics, which is why the percentage appeared in the happiness pie.

Behavioral geneticists use a statistical technique to estimate the genetic and environmental components based on people's familial relatedness, hence the use of twins in their studies.

But these figures assumed that both identical and fraternal twins experience the same environment when growing up together an assumption that doesn't really hold water.

In response to the criticism about the 2005 paper, the same authors wrote a paper in 2019 that introduced a more nuanced approach on the effect of genes on happiness, which recognized the interactions between our genetics and our environment.

Nature and nurture are not independent of each other. On the contrary, molecular genetics, the study of the structure and function of genes at the molecular level, shows that they constantly influence one another.

Genes influence the behavior that helps people choose their environment. For example, extroversion passed from parents to children helps children build their friendship groups.

Equally, the environment changes gene expression. For example, when expecting mothers were exposed to famine, their babies' genes changed accordingly, resulting in chemical changes that suppressed production of a growth factor. This resulted in babies being born smaller than usual and with conditions such as cardiovascular disease.

Nature and nurture are interdependent and affect each other constantly. This is why two people brought up in the same environment may respond to it differently, meaning that behavioral genetics' assumption of an equal environment is no longer valid.

Also, whether or not people can become happier depends on their "environmental sensitivity" their capacity to change.

Some people are susceptible to their environment and so can significantly change their thoughts, feelings and behavior in response to both negative and positive events.

So when attending a wellbeing workshop or reading a positive psychology book, they may become influenced by it and experience significantly more change compared to others and the change may last longer, too.

But there is no positive psychology intervention that will work for all people because we are as unique as our DNA and, as such, have a different capacity for wellbeing and its fluctuations throughout life.

Are we destined to be unhappy? Some people might struggle a little harder to enhance their wellbeing than others, and that struggle may mean that they will continue to be unhappy for longer periods. And in extreme cases, they may never experience high levels of happiness.

Others, however, who have more genetic plasticity, meaning they are more sensitive to the environment and hence have an increased capacity for change, may be able to enhance their wellbeing and perhaps even thrive if they adopt a healthy lifestyle and choose to live and work in an environment that enhances their happiness and ability to grow.

But genetics does not determine who we are, even if it does play a significant role in our wellbeing. What also matters are the choices we make about where we live, who we live with and how we live our lives, which affect both our happiness and the happiness of the next generations.

Jolanta Burke, Senior Lecturer, Centre for Positive Psychology and Health, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences.

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Why Some People Find It Harder to Be Happy, According to Science - ScienceAlert

Genetics

Opinion | What I Learned Testing My Dogs DNA – The New York Times

Curiosity is a great motivator, but my curiosity about Rascals breed mix would have come to nothing had I not submitted to a DNA test myself shortly before we adopted him. I wasnt looking for my own genetic ancestry; Im wary of what such tests reveal and warier still of how their results might be used. Commercial DNA testing has revealed family secrets, solved crimes long consigned to the cold-case files, even affected census results.

From human genetics research particularly studies involving identical twins we know that DNA influences much of what we consider to be our most human traits: our personality, our preferences, our I.Q. Lay people, even many researchers themselves, tend to find such research troubling, hinting at a kind of genetic determination.

Despite the unresolved ethical and cultural issues raised by DNA testing, its potential medical benefits are remarkable. I have a rare inherited syndrome that almost certainly killed my paternal grandmother at 51 and accounted for my fathers cancer diagnosis in middle age. When I submitted a saliva sample to a medical lab for genetic testing, I was contributing to research that might identify the gene that causes the condition, saving future patients from the expensive and disruptive cancer screenings that I undergo every year.

All of which primed me to reconsider DNA testing when we adopted Rascal; canine DNA tests can also reveal certain inherited medical conditions. In January, our rescue dog Millie died of complications of epilepsy. If Rascal carries a genetic risk for something terrible but treatable, too, I wanted to know about it.

Following a recommendation from Wirecutter, which evaluated 17 DNA tests on the commercial market, I ordered one from Embark and sent in a sample of Rascals saliva. A couple of weeks later, I got his results: 35.9 percent Chihuahua, 34.4 percent poodle, 6.9 percent bichon fris and 22.8 percent supermutt, Embarks catchall term for trace amounts of DNA from distant ancestors. Rascals ancestors apparently include a collie, a Pekingese, a Shih Tzu and a Maltese terrier.

The test also revealed that Rascal carries two copies of a gene variant associated with disk disease. Even before the breed results arrived, I got an email from one of Embarks veterinary geneticists explaining the risks associated with this variant and recommending some mitigation strategies. Some of them, like using a harness on walks, were easy to do. Others, like discouraging jumping, were less so. Keeping this buoyant little dog earthbound is a fools errand, but I was extremely grateful for the detailed advice.

Breed mix remains a matter of indifference to me. What does it mean that my gentle granddog has a wolf somewhere deep within her lineage? Apparently nothing. Thats the mystery of individuality, even in dogs.

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Opinion | What I Learned Testing My Dogs DNA - The New York Times

Immunology

Grouping of immunological T-cell receptors may be key to identifying patients’ history of infection – News-Medical.net

Grouping of pathogen-recognizing proteins on immune T cells may be key to identifying if someone has had an infection in the past, suggests a study published today in eLife.

While tests measuring antibodies against a pathogen are often used to detect signs of a previous infection, it is more difficult for researchers to measure the strength and targets of a person's T-cell response to infection or vaccination, but the findings hint at a potential new approach. This patient information could one day be useful for detecting infections, guiding treatments or supporting the research and development of new therapies and vaccines.

Immune T cells help the body find and destroy harmful viruses and bacteria. Proteins on the outer surface of T cells called receptors allow the T cells to recognize and eliminate human cells that have been infected by specific pathogens.

While the abundance of specific receptors could provide clues about past infection, the enormous molecular diversity of T-cell receptors makes it incredibly challenging to assess which receptors recognise which pathogens. Not only is each pathogen recognised by a distinct set of receptors, but each individual develops a personalised set of receptors for each pathogen. We developed a new computational approach that allows us to find similarities among pathogen-specific T-cell receptors across individuals. Ultimately, we hope this will help develop signatures of past infection despite the enormous diversity of T-cell receptors."

Koshlan Mayer-Blackwell, Study First Author and Senior Data Scientist, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center

The team tested their approach using data from the immuneRACE study of T-cell receptors in patients with COVID-19. Using their new software for rapidly comparing large sets of receptors, they were able to generate 1,831 T-cell receptor groupings based on similarities in the receptors' amino acid sequences that suggest they have similar functions.

In an independent group of COVID-19 patients, the team found that the common molecular patterns associated with receptor groupings were more robustly detected than individual receptor sequences that were previously hypothesised to recognise parts of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, demonstrating a major improvement on existing approaches.

"Our study introduces and validates a flexible approach to identify sets of similar T-cell receptors, which we hope will be broadly useful for scientists studying T-cell immunity," Mayer-Blackwell says. "Grouping receptors together in this way makes it possible to compare responses to infection or vaccination across a diverse population."

To help other researchers use this approach to develop T-cell biomarkers with their own data, the team has created free customisable software called tcrdist3.

"Our software provides flexible tools that will enable scientists to analyse and integrate the rapidly growing libraries of T-cell receptor sequencing data that are needed to identify the features of pathogen-specific T-cell receptors," concludes senior author Andrew Fiore-Gartland, Co-Director of the Vaccines and Immunology Statistical Center at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. "We hope it will open new opportunities not only to identify patients' immunological memories of past infections and vaccinations but also to predict their future immune responses."

Source:

Journal reference:

Mayer-Blackwell, K., et al. (2021) TCR meta-clonotypes for biomarker discovery with tcrdist3 enabled identification of public, HLA-restricted clusters of SARS-CoV-2 TCRs. eLife. doi.org/10.7554/eLife.68605.

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Grouping of immunological T-cell receptors may be key to identifying patients' history of infection - News-Medical.net

Immunology

Assistant, Department of Immunology and Allergology job with RUDN UNIVERSITY | 273626 – Times Higher Education (THE)

Department: Department of Immunology and AllergologyFaculty: Institute of MedicineEmployment: Part-time (0.25)

Requirements to the candidate

Required knowledge:

Requirements:

The position of assistant of the department is assigned to a person who possesses the following criteria:

Working conditions (job description, KPI)

Responsibilities:

Conditions:

Accommodation at RUDN

For the full term of the employment contract, invited scientists who passed the competitive selection are provided with a campus apartment of the University.

According to local documents of the University, the deadline for submitting applications for vacant positions of teaching staff is one month from the date of posting information on the website of RUDN.

10.01.2022

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Assistant, Department of Immunology and Allergology job with RUDN UNIVERSITY | 273626 - Times Higher Education (THE)

Immunology

Research Fellow in Cancer Immunology job with UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON | 273475 – Times Higher Education (THE)

Cancer Sciences

Location: Southampton General HospitalSalary: 31,406 to 37,467 Per annumFull Time Fixed Term for 12 monthsClosing Date: Tuesday 14 December 2021Interview Date: To be confirmedReference: 1620021CM

Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine, School of Cancer Sciences

The Antibody and Vaccine Group based in the recently opened Centre for Cancer Immunology in Southampton has a strong track-record in basic and translational immunology. One of its central aims is to develop new and more effective antibody reagents for treating cancer.

An exciting opportunity now presents itself for a research fellow to work on a Cancer Research UK funded programme to determine how a family of key receptors (Fc receptors) are regulated and serve to deliver antibody-mediated cancer cell destruction. The post-holder will leverage expertise in antibody biology, myeloid cells, transcriptomics, immunology, and cell biology in order to gain new understanding of this critical receptor family with the aim of improving cancer treatments.

You will be motivated, educated to PhD level in a relevant subject area and ideally have practical laboratory experience of antibody biology, myeloid cells, bioinformatics and in vivo methodology.

Applications for Research Fellow positions will be considered from candidates who are working towards or nearing completion of a relevant PhD qualification. The title of Research Fellow will be applied upon successful completion of the PhD. Prior to the qualification being awarded the title of Senior Research Assistant will be given.

This post is offered on a full-time fixed term contract for 12 months.

Informal queries should be directed to Professor Mark Cragg (msc@soton.ac.uk)

Details about the School of Cancer Sciences and Centre for Cancer Immunology can be found at http://www.southampton.ac.uk/medicine/research/themes/cancer-sciences.page

Application Procedure

You should submit your completed online application form at https://jobs.soton.ac.uk. The application deadline will be midnight on the closing date stated above. If you need any assistance, please call Michelle (HR Recruitment Team) on +44 (0) 23 8059 2750 or email recruitment@soton.ac.uk Please quote reference 1620021CM on all correspondence.

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Research Fellow in Cancer Immunology job with UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON | 273475 - Times Higher Education (THE)

Immunology

INmune Bio, Inc. Announces Two Presentations at the 2021 British Society of Immunology Congress and Provides 119-day data on First patient in MDS…

Boca Raton, Florida, Dec. 01, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- INmune Bio, Inc. (NASDAQ: INMB) (the Company), a clinical-stage immunology company focused on developing treatments that harness the patients innate immune system to fight disease, today announced two poster presentations at the 2021 British Society of Immunology Congress, which was held November 28-December 1, in Edinburgh, UK.

Mark Lowdell, PhD, Chief Scientific Officer of INmune Bio, stated, Im delighted to have two of our team presenting our latest data on the mechanism of action of INKmune. These are the first comprehensive data showing that INKmune-mediated priming generates NK cells with memory-like phenotype (mlNK). Before this, mlNK cells could only be produced using multiple combinations of cytokines. These are the data which led us to the concept that INKmune is a pseudokine that provides multiple signals to NK cells, akin to the multi-cytokine cocktails used by others. We also show that INKmune priming promotes significant proliferation of mlNK cells in vitro. These in vitro data have been replicated in the first patient treated with three, weekly doses of INKmune for high risk MDS. At 119 days post first treatment, 60% of the patients NK cells showed the activated, tumor killing phenotype compared to fewer than 15% before INKmune therapy. The patient remains well and with a significantly improved ECOG status.

Details of the presentations are as follows:

Title: Tumor-priming generates memory-like natural killer cells with universal anti-tumor functions

Poster: P-107

Session: Poster session 1

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that target virus-infected and tumor cells. NK cells are exciting candidates for cancer immunotherapy due to their fast-acting innate ability to mount anti-tumor responses and recently highlighted adaptive properties including priming and memory-like functions. Tumor-priming of NK cells through in-vitro exposure to tumor target cells pre-activates NK cells to demonstrate enhanced tumor cell lysis upon restimulation, generating long-term memory-like features. The generation of memory-like NK cells was previously reported following exposure to cytomegalovirus (CMV), interleukin (IL)-12/15/18 combinations or the tumor cell line NALM-16.

Story continues

Here, we report a novel type of tumor-induced memory-like (TIML) NK cell induced by the acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell line, INB16. These TIML NK cells are generated in vitro over a period of seven days to show better expansion, survival, and proliferation relative to other memory-like NK cells, maintaining similar levels of enhanced NK cell anti-tumor functional abilities including tumor lysis, and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion against a wide range of tumor targets. Their unique phenotypic and gene expression signatures suggest a novel and distinct form of memory-like NK cell governed by tumor-specific signaling pathways. The universal and wide-acting function of these highly expanded NK cells may have important implications in the clinical setting to better mitigate challenges in low NK cell number and lytic ability.

A link to the abstract can be found here.

Title: Tumor-priming defines an intermediate stage in natural killer cell activity between resting and lytic stages for enhanced NK cell function upon re-stimulation

Poster: P-597

Session: Poster session 1

Natural killer (NK) cells are critical effector cells of the innate immune system belonging to the family of group one innate lymphocytes (ILCs). They display direct cytotoxicity against sensitive tumor targets and secrete a wide array of cytokines that help mount an effective immune response against cancer development and progression, making them attractive candidates for cancer immunotherapy.

We previously reported a tumor-priming approach to NK cell activation, whereby exposure to the acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line CTV-1 specifically activates NK cells to display more enhanced anti-tumoral functions. This has yielded encouraging results in clinical trials against acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. Other groups reported a similar tumor-priming strategy for specific activation of NK cell anti-tumor responses using NALM-16. Still, the mechanisms involved in tumor-priming of NK cells remain to be elucidated, and it is unclear how the primed state can be achieved for optimal clinical benefit.

Here, we show that tumor-priming stimulates NK cells to a point along the lytic activation pathway for enhanced NK cell function upon re-stimulation. The primed state is achieved through exposure to less sensitive tumor targets that form fewer conjugates, and induce lower levels of avidity, degranulation, activation marker expression, pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and lysis by NK cells. This tumor-primed state leads to enhanced NK cell function upon re-stimulation and potent NK cell killing of previously insensitive tumor targets. Interestingly, tumor-priming of NK cells is achieved in the presence of inhibitory signals and can be achieved using whole cell or cell lysate preparations, which generate differential activation signatures relative to cytokine stimulation.

This may have important implications in the clinic, where continuous cytokine exposure is associated with a dose-limiting toxicity in patients. These findings help define the tumor-primed NK cell activation state for the development of more optimal NK cell-based immunotherapeutic strategies in cancer.

A link to the abstract can be found here.

About INKmune

INKmune is a pharmaceutical-grade, replication-incompetent human tumor cell line (derived from CTV-1) which conjugates to resting NK cells and delivers multiple, essential priming signals akin to treatment with at least three cytokines in combination. INKmune is stable at -80oC and is delivered by a simple IV infusion. The INKmune:NK interaction ligates multiple activating and co-stimulatory molecules on the NK cell and enhances its avidity of binding to tumor cells; notably those resistant to normal NK-mediated lysis. Tumor-primed NK (TpNK) cells can lyse a wide variety of NK-resistant tumors including leukemias, lymphomas, myeloma, ovarian cancer, breast cancer.

About INmune Bio, Inc.

INmune Bio, Inc. is a publicly traded (NASDAQ: INMB), clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on developing treatments that target the innate immune system to fight disease. INmune Bio has two product platforms that are both in clinical trials. The DN-TNF product platform utilizes dominant-negative technology to selectively neutralize soluble TNF, a key driver of innate immune dysfunction and mechanistic target of many diseases. DN-TNF is in clinical trial to determine if it can treat cancer (INB03), Mild Alzheimers disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment and treatment resistant depression (XPro). The Natural Killer Cell Priming Platform includes INKmune aimed at priming the patients NK cells to eliminate minimal residual disease in patients with cancer. INmune Bios product platforms utilize a precision medicine approach for the treatment of a wide variety of hematologic malignancies, solid tumors and chronic inflammation. To learn more, please visit http://www.inmunebio.com.

Forward Looking Statements

Clinical trials are in early stages and there is no assurance that any specific outcome will be achieved. Any statements contained in this press release that do not describe historical facts may constitute forward-looking statements as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Any statements contained in this press release that do not describe historical facts may constitute forward-looking statements as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Any forward-looking statements contained herein are based on current expectations but are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties. Actual results and the timing of certain events and circumstances may differ materially from those described by the forward-looking statements as a result of these risks and uncertainties. INB03, XPro1595, and INKmune are still in clinical trials or preparing to start clinical trials and have not been approved and there cannot be any assurance that they will be approved or that any specific results will be achieved. The factors that could cause actual future results to differ materially from current expectations include, but are not limited to, risks and uncertainties relating to the Companys ability to produce more drug for clinical trials; the availability of substantial additional funding for the Company to continue its operations and to conduct research and development, clinical studies and future product commercialization; and, the Companys business, research, product development, regulatory approval, marketing and distribution plans and strategies. These and other factors are identified and described in more detail in the Companys filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K, the Companys Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and the Companys Current Reports on Form 8-K. The Company assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements in order to reflect any event or circumstance that may arise after the date of this release.

INmune Bio Contact:

David Moss, CFO (858) 964-3720info@inmunenbio.com

Investor Contact: Chuck Padala LifeSci Advisors (646) 627-8390

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INmune Bio, Inc. Announces Two Presentations at the 2021 British Society of Immunology Congress and Provides 119-day data on First patient in MDS...

Immunology

The Importance of Immunology by Joe Murphy, Hampton School – This is Local London

Due to a challenging winter in the presence of the COVID pandemic, new variants of concern such as Omicron and an increase in the number of colds and flu, immunology has never been more important; hence, there has been a large rise in interest in this area of science. Immunology is the study of the immune system and how it can protect us from disease. This brief article derives from an interview with Dr Robert Busch who is a Senior Lecturer from the School of Life and Health Sciences at the University of Roehampton, whose research focuses on the immune system.

Immunology is very important in current times as it is essential for maintaining general human health, responding to disease and also for developing COVID-19 vaccines that can make the virus more survivable and less transmissible. Dr Busch recognises this as a difficult and tragic time for many people, and knowledge of immunology is of great importance.

Dr Buschs current research is focused on tissue antigens, which are molecules that trigger immune responses by activating other cells of the immune system. In particular he studies how the immune system kicks in when it is faced with infection, but is quiet at other times so that the body doesn't fight itself. Tissue antigens vary from one person to the next and this variation can influence the risk of autoimmunity (when the immune system attacks the bodys own tissues).

Other research that Dr Busch conducts is on Vitamin D which is also important for immune regulation and can influence how many tissue antigens are produced and their ability to function in response to different diseases. Vitamin D has also been of interest in relation to COVID; however, so far results have been contradictory and no clear conclusions can be drawn.

Dr Busch stated, There is much to discover in the future, such as studying new and existing diseases and creating new vaccines. Another aspect of immunology that needs to be researched further is the question of how to turn off an immune cell once it has been activated, without compromising the immune systems ability to fight infections. Dr Busch describes this as the Holy Grail of immunology. Essentially, the more we know about how our immune system reacts, the better we can make the interventions that will combat viruses and protect people.

Immunology is important now and will remain so in the future, and scientists such as Dr Robert Busch are paving the way in helping broaden our understanding of the immune system so that we can fight disease and stay healthy.

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The Importance of Immunology by Joe Murphy, Hampton School - This is Local London

Immunology

Sanofi to acquire Origimm Biotechnology, gaining therapeutic acne vaccine candidate – BioPharma-Reporter.com

It marks Sanofis first move into skin immunology and the skin microbiome as it champions its strategy to build an industry-leading vaccines pipeline.

Founded in 2012, Origimm specializes in the discovery of virulent skin microbiome components and antigens from bacteria causing skin disease, such as acne. Its therapeutic vaccine candidate for acne vulgaris ORI-001, is based on recombinant proteins, and entered preliminary clinical studies in Q3 this year.

In parallel, Sanofi is working to develop additional antigen versions and expects to leverage its mRNA platform in a Phase 1/2 trial to start in 2023.

The acquisition of Origimm further broadens our vaccines R&D pipeline with a first vaccine candidate against acne, a high medical need for millions of teenagers and adults, says Thomas Triomphe, Executive Vice President, Global Head of Sanofi Pasteur.

Welcoming Origimm within Sanofi expands our area of expertise by bringing extensive know-how in the field of skin microbiome and skin immunology. We look forward to unlocking the full potential of this candidate.

Origimm develops preventive and therapeutic products that act against those skin-colonizing bacteria that can induce skin disease. Unlike acne treatments, its therapy would address the root cause of the disease, rather than treat the symptoms.

Diseases caused by skin microbes are more complex than classic infections because the same microbes that appear harmless, or even beneficial, on the surface of skin can become pathogenic under certain conditions.

Origimm has identified the proteins produced by bacteria when it reacts to an increase in sebum secretion from the skin's pores, thus creating a specific immune response for when the bacterium breaches the skin.

Recent scientific findings about the role ofPropionibacterium acnes (P. acnes)in acne vulgaris have opened the path for the development of a new, highly specific and efficacious acne therapy,"notes Origimm.

"Our therapeutic product is designed to support the human immune system in controllingthe growth ofP. acneson the skin and prevent it from damaging the cellular lining of the pores.

"Our intention is not just to provide a more effective treatment of acne, but also to prevent its formation in the first place, thereby avoiding any potential skin damage (scarring). Therefore, both therapeutic and prophylactic immunotherapymay be possible.

The acquisition is expected to close early December 2021.

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Sanofi to acquire Origimm Biotechnology, gaining therapeutic acne vaccine candidate - BioPharma-Reporter.com