Scientists unveil the UK’s largest resource of human stem cells from healthy donors – Medical Xpress

May 10, 2017 Eye stem cells. Credit: University of Southampton

Reported in Nature today, one of the largest sets of high quality human induced pluripotent stem cell lines from healthy individuals has been produced by a consortium involving the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. Comprehensively annotated and available for independent research, the hundreds of stem cell lines are a powerful resource for scientists studying human development and disease.

With collaborative partners from King's College London, the European Bioinformatics Institute, the University of Dundee and the University of Cambridge, the study also investigates in unprecedented detail the extensive variation between stem cells from different healthy people.

Technological advancements have made it possible to take an adult cell and use specific growth conditions to turn back the clock - returning it to an early embryonic state. This results in an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC), which can develop into any type of cell in the body. These iPSCs have huge scientific potential for studying the development and the impact of diseases including cancer, Alzheimer's, and heart disease.

However, the process of creating an iPSC is long and complicated and few laboratories have the facilities to characterise their cells in a way that makes them useful for other scientists to use.

The Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Initiative (HipSci) project used standardised methods to generate iPSCs on a large scale to study the differences between healthy people. Reference sets of stem cells were generated from skin biopsies donated by 301 healthy volunteers, creating multiple stem cell lines from each person.

The researchers created 711 cell lines and generated detailed information about their genome, the proteins expressed in them, and the cell biology of each cell line. Lines and data generated by this initiative are available to academic researchers and industry.

Dr Daniel Gaffney, a lead author on the paper, from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, said: "We have created a comprehensive, high quality reference set of human induced pluripotent stem cell lines from healthy volunteers. Each of these stem cell lines has been extensively characterised and made available to the wider research community along with the annotation data. This resource is a stepping stone for researchers to make better cell models of many diseases, because they can study disease risk in many cell types, including those that are normally inaccessible."

By creating more than one stem cell line from each healthy individual, the researchers were able to determine the similarity of stem cell lines from the same person.

Prof Fiona Watt, a lead author on the paper and co-principal investigator of HipSci, from King's College London, said: "Many other efforts to create stem cells focus on rare diseases. In our study, stem cells have been produced from hundreds of healthy volunteers to study common genetic variation. We were able to show similar characteristics of iPS cells from the same person, and revealed that up to 46 per cent of the differences we saw in iPS cells were due to differences between individuals. These data will allow researchers to put disease variations in context with healthy people."

The project, which has taken 4 years to complete, required a multidisciplinary approach with many different collaborators, who specialised in different aspects of creating the cell lines and characterising the data.

Dr Oliver Stegle, a lead author on the paper, from the European Bioinformatics Institute, said: "This study was only possible due to the large scale, systematic production and characterisation of the stem cell lines. To help us to understand the different properties of the cells, we collected extensive data on multiple molecular layers, from the genome of the lines to their cell biology. This type of phenotyping required a whole facility rather than just a single lab, and will provide a huge resource to other scientists. Already, the data being generated have helped to gain a clearer picture of what a typical human iPSC cell looks like."

Dr Michael Dunn, Head of Genetics and Molecular Sciences at Wellcome, said: "This is the fantastic result of many years of work to create a national resource of high quality, well-characterised human induced pluripotent stem cells. This has been a significant achievement made possible by the collaboration of researchers across the country with joint funding provided by Wellcome and the MRC. It will help to provide the knowledge base to underpin a huge amount of future research into the effects of our genes on health and disease. By ensuring this resource is openly available to all, we hope that it will pave the way for many more fascinating discoveries."

Explore further: Stem cell consortium tackles complex genetic diseases

More information: Helena Kilpinen et al, Common genetic variation drives molecular heterogeneity in human iPSCs, Nature (2017). DOI: 10.1038/nature22403

http://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-a-stem-cell

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Scientists unveil the UK's largest resource of human stem cells from healthy donors - Medical Xpress

BRIEF-Beijing Leadman Biochemistry to buy 23 pct stake in pharma device subsidiary for 92000 yuan – Reuters

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BRIEF-Beijing Leadman Biochemistry to buy 23 pct stake in pharma device subsidiary for 92000 yuan - Reuters

This Grey’s Anatomy Teaser Hints at [SPOILER]’s Exit – TV Guide (blog)

Now Playing 9 Things You Didn't Know About Grey's Anatomy

It's been rumored for months that actress Jerrika Hinton might be taking leave of Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital sometime this season, and the newest teaser for Grey's Anatomy's upcoming episode certainly paints a grim picture for her very near future on the show.

Hinton, who's played Dr. Stephanie Edwards since the series' ninth season, is the focus of this clip from TVLine, which shows the halls of the hospital swarming with police as Chief Bailey (Chandra Wilson) frantically searches for Edwards while Jackson Avery (Jesse Williams) laments his decision to leave Edwards with the apparently dangerous patient she's shown wheeling around.

When it was first reported that Hinton might be leaving Grey's, the news was that she wouldn't return as a series regular, leaving open the possibility of her still coming in as a guest star. However, if this teaser is any indication, her departure might just be more final than anyone expected ... which wouldn't be too much of a surprise, given how murder-happy the Grey's writers have been with their medical staff over the years.

Hinton is expected to star in Wes Ball's new HBO dramedy series, Here, Now later this year.

Grey's Anatomy airs Thursday nights at 8/7c on ABC.

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This Grey's Anatomy Teaser Hints at [SPOILER]'s Exit - TV Guide (blog)

New book ‘Anatomy of Innocence’ allows wrongfully convicted to tell their stories – 89.3 KPCC

People who have made good faith estimates are hoping that our human system of criminal justice gets it right 95% of the time. If we got it right 95% of the time there would still be 110,000 innocent people in jail. -- Laura Caldwell, co-editor, "Anatomy of Innocence"

In recent years, wrongful conviction stories like the ones in Serial and Netflixs Making a Murderer have captivated audiences. The characters in these stories are ordinary people. That's what makes the stories so intriguing this could happen to anyone.

Anatomy of Innocence is a new anthology that tells the stories of over a dozen people who were convicted of crimes they did not commit. What makes it unique is that the stories are told by the actual exonerees, with the help of thriller and mystery writers like Sara Paretsky, Lee Child, Brad Parks, and Laurie King. Laura Caldwell and Leslie Klinger teamed up to co-edit the collection of stories.

Author Laura Caldwell is a professor at Loyola University Chicago School of Law. In 2008, she founded Life After Innocence at Loyola, which provides resources for innocent people who have been affected by the criminal justice system as they re-enter society. Leslie Klinger is best known for his annotated editions of Sherlock Holmes, Dracula, and the works of H.P. Lovecraft.

Off-Ramp archive: Leslie Klinger on H.P. Lovecraft ... great writer, horrible man

They worked together on Anatomy of Innocence to examine the real life consequences of wrongful convictions. The idea was to present them almost like a novel to present the arc, to present the typical experience of the exonerees, Klinger says. From the very first moment from the arrest all the way through reentering society and the mental adjustments.

Sales of the book support Life After Innocence, and if it sells well enough, some of the proceeds will go to the exonerees who tell their stories. The book sites statistics from the National Registry of Exonerations, a registry kept by Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law, which says there are about 2,000 cases of exonerations that have been publicly recognized.

Klinger says they worked hard to mirror the overall demographics of the wrongfully convicted: almost a third are black, about 10% were first arrested under the age of 18, and half were under the age of 25 when they first became involved in their case and ended up incarcerated.

Its not always about being at the wrong place at the wrong time.

67% of wrongful convictions that involved big level felonies involved prosecutorial or police misconduct, Caldwell says. Now, that is not to say that the majority of police or prosecutors engage in misconduct unfortunately we have seen such egregious things happen on behalf of police and prosecutors.

When we were envisioning this book Making a Murderer wasnt out, but Serial was. The average person wasnt as well versed in wrongful convictions, Caldwell says. By the time we got to actually publishing, the hope is that you understand that this happens. Its a human system it's bound to happen for various reasons so now that its bound to happen for various reasons what does it feel like to be in that person's head? What does it feel like to be in their soul? What does it feel like to be in their eyes?

For the full conversation with Laura Caldwell and Leslie Klingerclick on the audio player above.

With contributions from Jesus Ambrosio

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New book 'Anatomy of Innocence' allows wrongfully convicted to tell their stories - 89.3 KPCC

Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Center opens at St. Rita’s – Lima Ohio

LIMA A Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Center that opened Tuesday at St. Ritas Medical Center will provide comprehensive care to patients with neurological impairments, hospital officials said.

Located at 770 W. High St. in Lima, the NRC features a team of physicians, nurse practitioners and medical assistants who will administer a variety of services. The newly renovated facility will provide neurology, pain management, physical medicine and rehabilitation services, all under one roof.

Adjacent to the NRC is St. Ritas Ambulatory Surgery Center, where procedures to reduce pain are performed. Outpatient physical, occupational, and speech therapy services are also in close proximity.

I think the collaboration of providers all working together to deliver services is an enormous benefit to patients, said Dr. Matthew Owens, medical director of St. Ritas Neuroscience Institute.

Dr. Michael Rivera, pain management specialist at St. Ritas, added that the NRC provides a unique opportunity for patients to use multiple specialties in one location.

Its all in one place, so the patients dont have to go out of town or even around the corner, Rivera said. That way, the patient can get the best care possible.

The NRC houses 18 exam rooms and one massage therapy room, and is staffed with three physicians and four nurse practitioners. Owens said two medical assistants will also be added within the next several weeks.

For Owens, the NRC is part of a larger movement to ensure providers from multiple specialties are working closely together to administer the best outcome for patients.

What we want to accomplish is the idea of a patient being able to come to one location to start their journey of taking care of whatever condition they may be suffering from, he said. We want them to feel like we can help navigate and guide them through all these levels of care. That way, they can sit back and only have to worry about getting better.

Dr. Michael Rivera, a pain management specialist at St. Ritas Medical Center, speaks at a ribbon-cutting ceremony Tuesday for the hospitals Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Center.

http://limaohio.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/web1_neuroscience-center.jpgDr. Michael Rivera, a pain management specialist at St. Ritas Medical Center, speaks at a ribbon-cutting ceremony Tuesday for the hospitals Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Center. John Bush | The Lima News

Reach John Bush at 567-242-0456 or on Twitter @Bush_Lima.

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Neuroscience and Rehabilitation Center opens at St. Rita's - Lima Ohio

Peabody Essex Museum appoints neuroscience researcher to guide enrichment of visitor experience – Blooloop

The move is a first for an art museum.

Dr. Tedi Asher has been tasked with synthesising neuroscience research findings and making recommendations to help PEM enrich and enhance its offering.

We are very excited by the opportunity to be the first art museum to employ a full-time neuroscientist as a means to help develop new ways of designing experiences that are highly meaningful and relevant to visitors, reports Dan Monroe, PEMs Rose-Marie and Eijk van Otterloo Director and CEO.

Dr. Ashers unique perspective and deep insight will enable us to make the process of art exploration and discovery especially rewarding, stimulating, and fun.

Monroe added that the pioneering collaboration could well benefit the art museum community at large.

PEM began its neuroscience initiative over two years ago. Research suggests that the established methods of presenting and interpreting art are not always a good fit with the ways our brains work.

PEMs cross-disciplinary approach is exciting and comes at a time when neuroscience findings are beginning to be more widely embraced outside of the scientific community, comments Asher.

Neuroscience has the potential to deepen our fundamental understanding of human nature and reveal the mechanisms behind our human experiences. I am thrilled to have such a unique opportunity to collaborate with an organisation that embraces such a spirit of curiosity, ingenuity and experimentation.

Ashers appointment has been funded by a grant from Bostons Barr Foundation. PEM was founded in 1799 and is the USs oldest continuously operating museum. Its collections encompass American art and architecture, Asian export art, photography, maritime art and history, Native American, Oceanic and African art. Among the many historic structures on the campus is Yin Yu Tang, a 200-year-old Chinese house.

Other research into the science of sensation at museums and theme parks includes the work of Professor Brendan Walker.

Images courtesy PEM

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Peabody Essex Museum appoints neuroscience researcher to guide enrichment of visitor experience - Blooloop

Q&A with Greg Dunn, neuroscientist turned artist – PLoS Blogs (blog)

For most neuroscientists, long days in the lab pipetting or recording from cellsdoesnt inspire one to pick up a paintbrush or sketchpad. But for others,the still-mysteriousand often breathtakingly beautifulworkings of the brain are a source of awe. One such individual is neuroscientist-turned-artist Greg Dunn. As a graduate student at the University of Pennsylvania, his own researchmerged withexperimental forays into painting, adapting neural forms to the principles of Asian art. Greg joins us to discuss his personal journey to becominga science artist, his visionsfor the burgeoning field of science-inspired art, and his advice for aspiringbrain-loving artists.

You followed a unique career path compared to most scientists. Could you share a bit about your transition from scientist to artist and what inspired you to pursue this path?

GD: I had always needed an artistic outlet in my life, and that became more true than ever when working on very complex biological systems in the lab. When experiments dont work after a massive expenditure in your efforts, its nice to have something going in parallel that produces something tangible, such as art. Ive always loved Asian art and the neuroscience images I saw every day in grad school began to merge with that interest, and over the course of several months in my first year of grad school I began to develop my aesthetic in earnest.

I never felt that I was doing anything at the lab bench that others couldnt have, but I do feel like I have a useful voice in combining science and art. I hope that my career trajectory serves as an example that specialized scientific knowledge can be applied to many different fields and can help to refine a persons individual voice.

Art based on science (including neuroscience) is becoming increasingly popular. Why do you suspect this field is so appealing, even to non-scientists?

GD: The brain is the ultimate frontier, it is more fundamentally US than anything else we possess. It is at the fundamental root of everything we could possibly be interested in or do with our lives. It is similar to why astronomy is popular to the lay public in this sense, it holds such great philosophical mysteries to explore. And on top of its conceptual and metaphorical meaning, it is aesthetically beautiful. It is so rich in possibility that it is the sort of thing a person can comfortably spend their whole life exploring.

How, if at all, do you believe that neuroscience-inspired art can serve as an effective outreach tool? Have you witnessed this with your own work?

GD: Yes. Art harnesses the power of emotions and direct perceptions in a way that hard data and dry explanations cant. I deliberately use the power of composition and design to try and make my works appealing on an instinctive level. With the world at our fingertips, people need to be given a reason to care about what they are looking at. Making compelling paintings is about drawing the viewer in initially and then giving them something to chew on in the long term, in this case pondering the nature of the brain and mind.

In the case of Self Reflected, my latest work done in collaboration with Dr. Brian Edwards, the point was to demonstrate directly what complexity looks like. Telling somebody that the brain has 86 billion neurons is essentially meaningless because we have no ability to grasp what that number means. Showing somebody directly what the activity of 500,000 neurons looks like at once in a huge, wall sized microetching gives a person a stepping stone to begin to comprehend this astonishing fact. When you then tell them that the brain is actually hundreds of millions of times MORE complicated than that, thats when a light goes on.

How do you select the subject matter for your work? Do you have any favorite pieces that were particularly meaningful, or that youre especially proud of?

GD:Im attracted by a variety of compelling images and subjects in neuroscience and meditation. I try to choose subjects that are of interest to different categories of people- some are more specialized neuro, others more general, some more abstract, etc. Id say that some of my favorites are Basket and Pyramidals as I think it is a clear statement about how neurons fit in the fractal like organization of nature and how they are similar in form to trees, branches, etc that have been painted in gold leaf in Asia for centuries. Cortex in Metallic Pastels also turned out very well and is one of the first examples of my deep reflective gold leaf technique. And, of course, Self Reflected is the most ambitious project of any kind Id ever attempted. Its scope and attention to detail I think will make it a useful visualization of the brain for a very long time.

The overlapping fields of art and neuroscience are evolving rapidly. How to do you see the field changing over the next decade?

GD: Representing brain aesthetics is only one part of it. There is a lot of art/sci work going on in using EEG signals or other neurofeedback devices to direct tasks of various sorts. I am looking forward to seeing some of the work that will come out of collecting unconscious brain activity data that will direct image generation software. I personally plan to try to elucidate states of consciousness that arise in deeper states of meditation through art, as this is more of a subjectively and experientially directed bit of neuroscience art. I think that it is important that art poke our brains into different types of perceptions to teach us a bit more about how it works.

Do you have any advice for others hoping to pursue a career in science-inspired art?

GD: Find your own unique voice! Make a Venn diagram of what your passions are and think hard about how and where they intersect. That is where you will be more effective, motivated, and unique. Really strive to make something categorically new. Dont always trust your first idea on how to do something, give yourself the time to really iterate an idea in your mind before you realize it. If you are trying to make a living at it, be smart about how to balance your passion with financial realities. Overall, work to convince the world that the barriers between science and art are indistinct at best, and that multifaceted approaches to problems are the most effective solutions.

You can learn more about Greg Dunns work atgregadunn.com

Feature image:Basket and Pyramidals, ink on 22K gold leaf, 18 X 24, 2013

Any views expressed are those of the author, and do not necessarily reflect those of PLOS.Emilie Reas received her PhD in Neuroscience from UC San Diego, where she used fMRI to study memory. As a postdoc at UCSD, she currently studies how the brain changes with aging and disease. In addition to her tweets for@PLOSNeuroshe is@etreas.

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Q&A with Greg Dunn, neuroscientist turned artist - PLoS Blogs (blog)

Doomtree’s Dessa has neuroscience on the brain at NYC residency – amNY

The songwriter, rapper, essayist and whiskey enthusiast Dessa was a part of a chart-topping album last fall, performing the previously-unreleased Congratulations on The Hamilton Mixtape. That record made it to the top of the Billboard 200, so the obvious follow-up is a four-week performance residency involving neuroscience.

Part of the last six months of my life has been spent lying on my back, in a 7 Tesla MRI scanner, to see if I could find the love in my own brain, she says, as an introduction to her Heartbreakers series at The Greene Space. And if I could, then how to get rid of it.

Mixing song with science, Dessa has put together lineups for each evening that look as much like a fascinating dinner party as a performance. Paper Tiger, her cohort from the Minneapolis hip-hop collective Doomtree, will be joining Dessa on the same night as Columbia University professor of psychology Geraldine Downey, for instance, and also taking the stage will be rappers, singers and cognitive neuroscientists.

amNewYork caught up with Dessa in advance of the first night of her residency to talk breakups, connections and the passion shared by both artists and researchers.

What was the spark for this?

A breakup. Id had a really lousy breakup with a really awesome dude. I found that I was healing really slowly. You expect that youre going to eat ice cream and sulk around for a while, but eventually youre going to perk back up. I was just blue for a really long time. So partly out of vested interest in my own well-being and partly out of scholarly interest I started reading some of the research on what happens to the brain and the body during and after love. I got really into the work of Dr. Helen Fisher, an anthropologist who uses fMRI technology to investigate what the human brain looks like in love, when its a reciprocal love and when its not a reciprocal love. And I was hooked. Every one of my interests seemed to coalesce there; Ive been long interested in science, human connection, better understanding the human condition I studied philosophy in college and it all came wrapped up in a neat bow. And I thought, Id love to put out an event that investigates heartbreak both from an artistic and from a really robust scientific viewpoint.

You debuted some of this in Minneapolis, right?

I had this orchestral debut a couple of months ago with the Minneapolis Orchestra. And part of that concert included a mini-TED talk that investigated some of these ideas. But on that stage there were only a few minutes to talk about some of the work Id been researching. The events at The Greene Space are going to have some music and a lot of conversation, and opportunity to ask questions of the researchers present.

From the outside, combining songwriters and researchers seems like an odd match.

Both fields, music and science, are very often driven by the spirit of inquiry and lifelong driving passion and curiosity. Very few researchers and very few musicians at a dinner party would say, I did it for the money. Its a passion-driven field, and in the particular artists and scientists Ive invited to participate in the residency, Ive asked those people who have really been driven to try and understand interpersonal relations, to try and understand why and how people connect, why we fall in love, out of love and what to do if were left holding one end of a love that someone else released. Theyre approaching the same phenomenon, but from different vantage points.

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Doomtree's Dessa has neuroscience on the brain at NYC residency - amNY

Home | Cancer Immunology Research

Research Articles

Elena Lo Presti, Francesca Toia, Sebastiano Oieni, Simona Buccheri, Alice Turdo, Laura Rosa Mangiapane, Giuseppina Campisi, Valentina Caputo, Matilde Todaro, Giorgio Stassi, Adriana Cordova, Francesco Moschella, Gaetana Rinaldi, Serena Meraviglia and Francesco Dieli

Cancer Immunol Res May 1 2017 5 (5) 397-407; DOI:10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-16-0348

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes contain T cells. In early-stage SCC tumors, T cells had antitumor properties, such as production of IFN. However, clinically advanced tumors contained many more T cells that produced IL-17 and promoted tumor growth.

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Immunology market to see strong growth, despite patent expiries – The Pharma Letter (registration)

The global immunology market, which covers autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis,

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Immunology market to see strong growth, despite patent expiries - The Pharma Letter (registration)