Human Behavior

The Price Is Right is TV’s best car showand not just during Dream Car Week – Motor Authority

I whisk myself in through the raised arm of the security booth at CBS Television City, Studio 33, and the attendant grins at my top-down ruby-red Bentley Continental GT. It flickers across his eyes; I must be someone he doesnt recognize, a cardinal sin in L.A. Maybe a fill-in on Ellen? A warm body for one of the NCIS shows?

Im actually just a guy having my own personal dream car week, and its about to get better.

The parking spot has my name on it. A ribbon of super-excited people hoots and hollers as it funnels through the studios main entrance. I step instead through the glass doors of the stars entrance named for Carol Burnett and fight being star-struck. I forcibly pull my hand down from an instinctive clutch at invisible pearls.

Inside Studio 33, the commotion bears down with its own air pressure. Mic-ed up men and women whirl around a narrow hallway like second-hand sweeps on chronometers, pivoting in 270-degree spins around cars parked mirror-to-mirror and dormant game-show contests waiting to be wheeled on stage. An electronic audience of monitors and cameras ignores my every move, thank goodness, because I proceed to knock over a potted plant on a platform with a prize package worth thousands of dollars. I almost run right into a woman wrapped in a kelly green bathrobe and flawless makeup. A half-second later I realize I almost took out the reigning queen of spokesmodels, Rachel Reynolds.

Before I do any more damage, I slip into a room off stage, tucked behind a studio between those belonging to The Bold and the Beautiful and The Young and the Restless. Across the table are people who love to give away dreams every weekday. Theyll tell me how they do itand then Ill be seated in the audience for the best car show on TV: The Price Is Right.

The Price is Right may shower contestants with everything from ramen noodles to round-the-world cruises, but under the veneer of the longest-running, most popular game show in history lurks a great car show. Who doesnt respond to its bright lights, shocking colors, happy loud voices, and free new stuffespecially the big-ticket items like cars? And if that cars a 4-speed Dodge Journey, well, so what?

The Price Is Right has genuine enthusiasm for new cars that doesnt bury itself in caliper sizes or model-year post-ups or the smoky burnouts that make most car television look like hormonal teenagers given too much budget and too much leeway.

Most car shows revolve around egos and superegos. The Price is Right is the id.

The Price Is Right Dream Car Week

It premiered in 1956, but The Price is Right went dark until CBS rebooted it in 1972. Its been on the air ever since, from the same studio on the CBS lot in Los Angeles: Bob Barker Studios, named for its long-time host and Happy Gilmore scene-stealer. Classic mid-morning couch-potato fare, the show has about five million viewers a day. They tune in from everywhere: doctors waiting rooms, car-repair centers, college campuses, and home offices. Its not just a game show, its our cultural wallpaper.

The show has given away millions and millions of dollars worth of merchandise, the largest one-day payout being more than $260,000 in October 2019, to contestant Mike Stouber. (An evening edition of the show netted a contestant more than $1.15 million.) In its nearly 30,000-square-foot warehouse on the CBS lot, the show hoards millions of dollars in prizes to give away, including about three dozen cars at any given moment.

The shows complex choreography looks simple on screen. Show producers select contestants from the audience before taping; the lucky ones hear the shriek of a lifetimeCOME ON DOWN!and take a place in Contestant Row to bid on prizes. If they bid closest to the prizes actual retail value without going over, they play for a Showcase prize. Win or lose, they get to spin the wheel in their half of the show during the Showcase Showdown. At the wheel, the highest spin amount without going over $1 goes to the Showcase, where two contestants bid. Again, the one who bids closer to actual retail prize value without going over wins. If the bid falls within $250 of the actual retail price, they win both showcases.

The shows longevity means some games have become iconic: the wheel itself, the Check Game, the yodeling cry of Cliff Hangers. The show has been the subject of a documentary Perfect Bid: The Contestant Who Knew Too Much. In 2008, Terry Kniess bid the exact amount for his showcases: $23,743, and the show stopped production for nearly an hour while producers tried to figure out whether the show had been cheated. Kniess said hed studied prices for weeks before attending. Producers changed games and prizes to eliminate the prospect of another moneyballer fouling the good-natured fun.

The shows been on for so long, its been witness to the range of human behavior. Contestants have lost their clothes, have taken spills, or have even fainted. Models have revealed prices and accidentally given away free cars, have knocked over flat-screen TVs, and have dented cars during giveaways. Its all very human; if the host or models make a pricing mistake on camera, the scene must be reshot. Other mistakes arent manicured out. The shows imperfections are one reason for its longevity.

The Price Is Right Dream Car Week

Theres another reason for the shows longevity: the shows synchronizers, director Adam Sandler and musical and talent director Stan Blits. Adam has been with the show for 25 years; Stan, for more than 41 years. The show runs as smoothly as an electric vehicle because of them.

I don't think there's a single person in America who can't relate to cars in one way or the other, Adam tells me from one of the only quiet, calm, and dimly lit niches in all of Studio 33. Its aspirational, its fun. People come from far and wide to see this show. People make it a part of their travel plans.

While Adamno relation to the comedian-actor Adam Sandlerconducts the symphony of cameras and prizes, Stan interviews all the contestants who line the sidewalk at Studio 33, in groups of a couple dozen, to choose who will be brought to contestants row. He talks to more than 50,000 people a year and chooses people who can carry their excitement through the pre-show hours, without pandering. Costumes are right out; cheer and cheering are right in. Pure enthusiasm wins him over, and can win a spot in Contestant Row.

Stan casts the people, and as the shows car strategist, he casts vehicles, tooa car in the shows first three contests, then one in the second three, then usually one or two in the finale. On any given day, The Price Is Right might not give away any carsor it might give away four or five.

Its part science, part art. Stan pairs giveaway cars with games in a formula only he knows. He has a book filled with spreadsheets of car specs and pricesthe shows data bibleand quotes chapter and verse to spread them out for maximum effect. He decides when to play simpler games and include less expensive cars, and how to keep the rumba line of hot wheels in motion. He wont put two SUVs in one show, or two hatchbacks, or two vehicles from the same brand if he can avoid it.

He casts the cars as characters in the drama. You can't just stick any car into any game, he says. We'll look at a Porsche 911 and say, will a 98-year-old woman really want to win that? Some people don't even know what a Maserati is.

It all comes from his spreadsheets, and how he processes all their information. He likens it to a Rubiks Cube. Hes a part of the matrix. Stan is the algorithm.

The steady stream of new cars on the CBS lot means the show has a side hustle. It operates the equivalent of a new-car auction. The team works with local dealers to snare cars for giveaways, and schedule them for games that may be played within a weekor within a few months. Dealers retain the right to sell the cars before theyre given away, which can cause last-minute rejiggerings of the game plan but the relationships run smoothly, Stan says. They don't hate that we buy 17 cars a month from them.

Most of the cars cost less than $25,000, which allows him to give away a lot of new cars and to stick to a budget. Its become much harder to give away some vehicles now that the average paid price of a new car nears $40,000.

They give away fewer trucks now than in the past. Trucks are expensive, Stan says. Trucks used to be our go-to like 10, 15 years ago. They were like skateboards with lawn mower engines and they were like $8,000. Now, theyre like $30,000, $40,000. Theyre not cheap anymore.

The cars have skewed toward economy models, but The Price Is Right has ventured deeply into exotic cars, usually during its annual Dream Car Week. In 2013, schoolteacher Sheree Heil won an Audi R8 V-8 Spyder worth $157,300. The show tried to give away a $285,716 Ferrari 458 Spider in April 2013; the contestant lost playing 3 Strikes. The show also gave away a classic 1964 Bentley S3 in April 2010 in the Hole in One game, and it will be giving away more vintage iron soon.

That kind of variety keeps the show fresh, Adam says. This show's been on for 48 seasons, and 9,000 episodes. You don't get there without giving them variety. When you watch it, it's still that same old great Price Is Right, but its something different everyday.

I spoke to a college class a couple weeks ago, he says, leaning back in a nondescript office chair at the end of a very long day; he reminds me so strongly of Anthony Edwards on ER that I expect to see a stethoscope around his neck. I was explaining to them that The Price Is Right is such a happy place that even when you lose, it's still a win.

When contestants do lose, its usually because they underbid and dont realize how expensive a car is, Stan explains. If it's all wins then its not fun anymore. A loss makes great television.

Cars remain a staple of the show, in part, because Stan and Adam and even its host are car fans, too. Stan is a regular fixture at the Los Angeles Auto Show, on public days.

The car show is a religious experience for me over here, he says. I had to bargain with family members. They wanted to go with me and I said no, I need to touch them, rub up against them. Hold them, caress them, kiss them, and I don't want you there when I'm doing it.

Both Adam and Stan drive electric cars. Both have owned Chevy Volts; its 50-mile-plus electric range was perfect for Adams daily commute, and the CBS lot has convenient electric-car charging. I was actually able to go an entire year on one tank of gas, Adam says. The original tank of gas that I got.

Stan considers his first- and second-generation Volts his favorite cars. His husband drives a Lexus hybrid, while Stan drives a Fiat 500e on a bargain lease deal so cheap, I said, dear God, its like buying a Vespa. I get back into the Lexus after two weeks of driving the Fiat, and I say, oh my God, its like a Bentley in here.

Adam pilots a Tesla Model 3 when he isnt letting its Autopilot do the dirty work. The thing drives me home, he says. The cars smarter than I am. It really is a piece of the future. He rides a motorcycle, too, having been turned on to two wheels by his shows host Drew Carey.

Carey, now in his 13th season as the host, has bikes as well as a fleet of cars, including his own privately commissioned art car. He has his own dream-car story to tell.

Come on down on February 4 for part two of this story, with host Drew Carey.

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The Price Is Right is TV's best car showand not just during Dream Car Week - Motor Authority

Cell Biology

People in Action Jan. 22, 2020 – SUNY Oswego

Alok Kumar, distinguished teaching professor of physics, had a new version of his book, "Ancient Hindu Science: Its Transmission and Impact on World Cultures," published by Jaico Books, Mumbai, India. The new publication is a lower-priced edition of a book of the same title originally published in March 2019 (pictured) by U.S. publishers Morgan and Claypool. The publication seeks to condense Kumars exhaustive and long-running research by focusing on the important impacts and contributions -- such as innovations in cataract and cosmetic surgeries -- ancient Hindu scientists contributed to Western medicine, science and mathematics.

Human development faculty member Rebecca Burch published More than just a pretty face: The overlooked contributions of women in evolutionary psychology books in the journal Evolutionary Behavorial Sciences. The article argues that the majority of evolutionary psychology textbooks tend to discuss female attractiveness in detail, omit female intelligence and resourcefulness, overemphasize the role of men in feeding families and neglect older women. Burch also explores the female skills and strategies that play a large role in the survival of the species, and should be discussed in introductory textbooks.

Biology majors Sara Fuller, Gigi Niu, Ali Khan and Michelle Urman presented the research they conducted with biological sciences faculty member Yulia Artemenko at the American Society for Cell Biology and European Molecular Biology Organization Annual Meeting in Washington, D.C.,in December. The students' poster presentation topics ranged from understanding the interplay between known regulators of cell adhesion to the substrate (Niu) and finding novel players in regulation of adhesion (Khan) to figuring out how changes in cell adhesion affect the ability of cells to respond to mechanical stimuli (Fuller and Urman).

Lawrence Spizman, professor emeritus of economics, and John Kane, professor of economics, presented a paper titled The Impact of Race on a Childs Educational Attainment and Life-Time Earnings at the Allied Social Science Annual Meeting, Jan. 4 in San Diego. Recent federal and state legislation has addressed the topic of economic damages in personal injury or wrongful death litigation being reduced by race or gender discrimination. This paper examines the impact of such legislation on damage awards to a minor child. This is accomplished by comparing the results of the updated ordered probit model which includes race, to the ordered probit without race. The paper demonstrates that recent legislation requiring race neutral data may have unintended consequences that will harm the very groups that the legislation is intended to help.

Ampalavanar Nanthakumar, professor of mathematics, had the article "A Comparison of Archimedean Copula Models for approximating bivariate Skew-Normal Distribution" accepted for January 2020 publication in International Journal of Statistics and Probability.

Tyrone Johnson-Neuland had his work, Africa Mixed Media and Piano Rhapsody Mix, selected into the second annual national juried exhibition titled Mixed Media, at the Arts Center Gallery at Nazareth College. The call received over 180 submitted works in a vast array of styles and mediums, with only 52 works by 31 artists selected to exhibit. The exhibition opens on Friday, Jan. 24, with a reception from 5 to 7 p.m. The exhibition concludes on Sunday, March 1.

Shashi Kanbur gave a seminar titled Recent Advances in Stellar Pulsation Theory at the Inter-University Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA) on Jan. 15. IUCAA is one of the leading astrophysics research centers in the world. Kanburs visit to IUCAA was planned for Jan 2 to 20 as part of his Indo-US Indo-U.S. Science and Technology Forum grant.

Damian Schofield delivered the opening keynote address at the OzCHI (Australian conference on computer human interaction), in Perth, Western Australia. The keynote, titled "Who am I? How visual media affects our sense of self,"introduced research undertaken by Schofield over the past 20 years that has experimented with, and examined a range of, visually based presentation technology -- particularly in courtroom and educational environments.

Jaclyn Schildkraut of the criminal justice faculty had the first study from her work with The Syracuse City School District, titled Locks, Lights, Out of Sight: Assessing Students Perceptions of Emergency Preparedness across Multiple Lockdown Drills,published in the Journal of School Violence. This is the culmination of a year's worth of work really working to understand the nuances of lockdown drills and the impact they have on members of the school community, Schildkraut noted. It is also the first study of its kind in 12 years and only the second one published that looks at how students are impacted by drills.

Jason Zenor of the communication studies faculty presented two papers at the National Communication Association Conference. 1) Zenor and Brian Moritz, also of the communication studies faculty, co-authored a paper titled "Damaged Goods? How Fans Tackle Knocks on the NFL and Fantasy Football," which they presented to the Communication and Sport Division. Zenor also presented a paper, "From Blurred Lines to Slants: Applying Free Speech Theory to IP Law," to the Freedom of Expression Division. The paper won the Robert M. O'Neill Award for top paper in the division. The paper also will be a chapter in a forthcoming book on free speech theory by Helen Knowles of the political science faculty.

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People in Action Jan. 22, 2020 - SUNY Oswego

Cell Biology

Even Tardigrades Will Feel the Heat of Climate Change – Eos

The microscopic water bears that can survive desiccation, extreme cold, and even trips to the Moon have a key weakness: heat. A recent study tested the survivability of a tardigrade species at elevated temperatures over an extended period. The team found that the lethal temperature for active tardigrades is only 1.2C hotter than the maximum recorded temperature where the samples were taken.

We can conclude that active tardigrades are vulnerable to high temperatures, though it seems that these critters would be able to acclimatize to increasing temperatures in their natural habitat, lead author Ricardo Neves said in a statement. Neves is a postdoctoral researcher in cell biology and physiology at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark.

When given time to adjust, the active tardigrades could withstand slightly higher temperatures for the experimental time frame. Desiccated tardigradesinactive from being dehydratedcould withstand significantly higher temperatures for a longer time.

This is not the first study to test the upper limits of tardigrades heat tolerance, but it is the first to test the animals resilience for an hour or longer, the team said. The researchers gathered samples of Ramazzottius varieornatus, a tardigrade species typically found in temporary freshwater habitats, from a roof gutter in Niv, Denmark.

The researchers exposed tardigrades to different levels of heat for 1 and 24 hours to find the lethal temperature, which they defined as the temperature at which 50% of the population died. They tested active tardigrades, desiccated tardigrades, and active tardigrades given a period of acclimation.

Active tardigrades were the most vulnerable to heat: lethal temperatures at 1 hour were 37.1C without acclimation and 37.6C with a short acclimation period. Desiccated tardigrades were more heat resistant than active ones, just like they are more tolerant of the cold. Half the desiccated population survived an hour at 82.7C. For the 24-hour exposure time, however, the lethal temperature dropped significantly to just 63.1C.

Its probability to withstand climate change is limited. The results indicate that hydrated or desiccated specimens of Ramazzottius varieornatus are able to tolerate high temperatures, but only for a short time, said Lorena Rebecchi, an associate professor of zoology at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia in Italy. This indicates that its probability to withstand climate change is limited.

Rebecchi, who was not involved with this research, said that the results might be applicable to other tardigrade speciesthere are more than 1,000. Some species inhabiting mosses and lichens of temperate regions or Antarctica have a similar tolerance, she said.

The hottest temperature ever recorded in Denmark was 36.4C, only 1.2C higher than the active, acclimated tardigrades 1-hour heat tolerance. On average, the maximum temperature for Denmark is around 22C, but this value is likely to climb in the next decade.

Tardigrades are renowned for their ability to tolerate extreme conditions, the researchers wrote, but their endurance towards high temperatures clearly has an upper limithigh temperatures thus seem to be their Achilles heel.

Neves and colleagues published these results in January in Scientific Reports.

Kimberly M. S. Cartier (@AstroKimCartier), Staff Writer

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Even Tardigrades Will Feel the Heat of Climate Change - Eos

Neuroscience

Neuroscience shows whats right and wrong with AI – TechTalks

Image credit: Depositphotos

Two separate studies, one by UK-based artificial intelligence lab DeepMind and the other by researchers in Germany and Greece, display the fascinating relations between AI and neuroscience.

As most scientists will tell you, we are still decades away from building artificial general intelligence, machines that can solve problems as efficiently as humans. On the path to creating general AI, the human brain, arguably the most complex creation of nature, is the best guide we have.

Advances in neuroscience, the study of nervous systems, provide interesting insights into how the brain works, a key component for developing better AI systems. Reciprocally, the development of better AI systems can help drive neuroscience forward and further unlock the secrets of the brain.

For instance, convolutional neural networks (CNN), one of the key contributors to recent advances in artificial intelligence, are largely inspired by neuroscience research on the visual cortex. On the other hand, neuroscientist leverage AI algorithms to study millions of signals from the brain and find patterns that would have gone. The two fields are closely related and their synergies produce very interesting results.

Recent discoveries in neuroscience show what were doing right in AI, and what weve got wrong.

A recent study by researchers at DeepMind prove that AI research (at least part of it) is headed in the right direction.

Thanks to neuroscience, we know that one of the basic mechanisms through which humans and animals learn is rewards and punishments. Positive outcomes encourage us to repeat certain tasks (do sports, study for exams, etc.) while negative results detract us from repeating mistakes (touch a hot stove).

The reward and punishment mechanism is best known by the experiments of Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov, who trained dogs to expect food whenever they hear a bell. We also know that dopamine, a neurotransmitter chemical produced in the midbrain, plays a great role in regulating the reward functions of the brain.

Reinforcement learning, one of the hottest areas of artificial intelligence research, has been roughly fashioned after the reward/punishment mechanism of the brain. In RL, an AI agent is set to explore a problem space and try different actions. For each action it performs, the agent receives a numerical reward or penalty. Through massive trial and error and by examining the outcome of its actions, the AI agent develops a mathematical model optimized to maximize rewards and avoiding penalties. (In reality, its a bit more complicated and involves dealing with exploration and exploitation and other challenges.)

More recently, AI researchers have been focusing on distributional reinforcement learning to create better models. The basic idea behind distributional RL is to use multiple factors to predict rewards and punishments in a spectrum of optimistic and pessimistic ways. Distributional reinforcement learning has been pivotal in creating AI agents that are more resilient to changes in their environments.

The new research, jointly done by Harvard University and DeepMind and published in Nature last week, has found properties in the brain of mice that are very similar to those of distributional reinforcement learning. The AI researchers measured dopamine firing rates in the brain to examine the variance in reward prediction rates of biological neurons.

Interestingly, the same optimism and pessimism mechanism that AI scientists had programmed in distributional reinforcement learning models was found in the nervous system of mice. In summary, we found that dopamine neurons in the brain were each tuned to different levels of pessimism or optimism, DeepMinds researchers wrote in a blog post published on the AI labs website. In artificial reinforcement learning systems, this diverse tuning creates a richer training signal that greatly speeds learning in neural networks, and we speculate that the brain might use it for the same reason.

What makes this finding special is that while AI research usually takes inspiration from neuroscience discovery, in this case, neuroscience research has validated AI discoveries. It gives us increased confidence that AI research is on the right track, since this algorithm is already being used in the most intelligent entity were aware of: the brain, the researchers write.

It will also lay the groundwork for further research in neuroscience, which will, in turn, benefit the field of AI.

While DeepMinds new findings confirmed the work done in AI reinforcement learning research, another research by scientists in Berlin, this time published in Science in early January, proves that some of the fundamental assumptions we made about the brain are quite wrong.

The general belief about the structure of the brain is that neurons, the basic component of the nervous system are simple integrators that calculate the weighted sum of their inputs. Artificial neural networks, a popular type of machine learning algorithm, have been designed based on this belief.

Alone, an artificial neuron performs a very simple operation. It takes several inputs, multiplies them by predefined weights, sums them and runs them through an activation function. But when connecting thousands and millions (and billions) of artificial neurons in multiple layers, you obtain a very flexible mathematical function that can solve complex problems such as detecting objects in images or transcribing speech.

Multi-layered networks of artificial neurons, generally called deep neural networks, are the main drive behind the deep learning revolution in the past decade.

But the general perception of biological neurons being dumb calculators of basic math is overly simplistic. The recent findings of the German researchers, which were later corroborated by neuroscientists at a lab in Greece, proved that single neurons can perform XOR operations, a premise that was rejected by AI pioneers such as Marvin Minsky and Seymour Papert.

While not all neurons have this capability, the implications of the finding are significant. For instance, it might mean that a single neuron might contain a deep network within itself. Konrad Kording, a computational neuroscientist at the University of Pennsylvania who was not involved in the research, told Quanta Magazine that the finding could mean a single neuron may be able to compute truly complex functions. For example, it might, by itself, be able to recognize an object.

What does this mean for artificial intelligence research? At the very least, it means that we need to rethink our modeling of neurons. It might spur research in new artificial neuron structures and networks with different types of neurons. Maybe it might help free us from the trap of having to build extremely large neural networks and datasets to solve very simple problems.

The whole gameto come up with how you get smart cognition out of dumb neuronsmight be wrong, cognitive scientist Gary Marcus, who also spoke to Quanta, said in this regard.

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Neuroscience shows whats right and wrong with AI - TechTalks

Neuroscience

Neuroscience-based Fresh Tri Proves "Iterative Mindset;" Drives Habit Formation and Weight Loss – Benzinga

SILICON VALLEY, Calif., Jan. 21, 2020 /PRNewswire-PRWeb/ --Fresh Tri, a rapidly growing neuroscience-based digital health company, announced today the release of Version 2 of its Fresh Tri behavior-change software, co-developed with Walmart.

The new version of the Fresh Tri habit-formation app trains users in a unique mindset to achieve sustainable weight loss. It draws on the success of a study the company conducted with Walmart associates using its app in combination with mindset training. Version 2 features a subscription-based model for employers and healthcare organizations to make the app and its interactive, live-streamed group mindset trainings available to their employees and members.

With Fresh Tri, users build new healthy-eating habits by picking a one-week practice from a menu of evidence-based behaviors. Fresh Tri teaches users to adopt the Iterative Mindset a unique, practice-and-tweak approach that Fresh Tri discovered in Walmart associates who lost significant weight and kept it off.

New mindset live video trainings are led by clinicians who provide science-based insights and inspiration as users learn and practice this mindset.

A recent Fresh Tri study demonstrated that the app, in combination with mindset training, led to statistically significant weight loss for participants an average of 7.2 pounds over 60 days. The study also demonstrated statistically significant improvements on a battery of positive psychology metrics for participants, including mindset, self-efficacy and resilience all of which are highly associated with overall health and well-being. Finally, the study achieved statistically significant habit formation according to the Self-Report Habit Index (SRHI), a peer-reviewed, validated instrument.

"We were looking for a powerful alternative to conventional behavior-change approaches such as goal-setting, behavior-tracking and incentives, which have proven fleeting or ineffective for many people," said David Hoke, Walmart's Senior Director of Associate Health and Well-being. "The formation of healthy-eating habits through Fresh Tri could be the tip of the iceberg of what's possible. This science-based model shows that not only can we help people lose weight, but also shift their mindset so that they build resilience and well-being long term."

"We launched our study with Walmart to determine whether Fresh Tri could train users at scale in the Iterative Mindset, a newly discovered approach to habit change that we found present in 100 percent of people we studied who achieved lasting weight loss," explained Fresh Tri CEO Kyra Bobinet, MD, MPH. "Not only did Fresh Tri drive weight loss and habit formation, but it did so in a compassionate way that saves time, creates ease, and avoids negative emotions like guilt and shame."

Walmart will make Fresh Tri with Mindset Live training available to its community of associates and their families. The basic app is available to all for free through the App Store and Google Play, with the ability to subscribe to the mindset-training feature. Fresh Tri is customizable to other employers and healthcare organizations seeking to support weight loss and various other types of healthy-habit changes.

About FreshTri Fresh Tri is a behavior change technology company with offerings focusing on mindset, practice and iteration that invite users to test-drive healthy habits, removing the guesswork and feelings of failure that can often accompany lifestyle changes. Fresh Tri allows users to iterate their way to success. There is no "fail" only practice and iteration. Fresh Tri uses a simple, positive approach based on the brain science of habit formation. Find out more about Fresh Tri: freshtri.com, Instagram, Facebook

SOURCE Fresh Tri

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Neuroscience-based Fresh Tri Proves "Iterative Mindset;" Drives Habit Formation and Weight Loss - Benzinga

Neuroscience

Miami working to connect high school girls to STEM professionals – Hamilton Journal News

OXFORD

The best way to get high school girls more interested in STEM careers is to get them together with women already established in the science, technology, engineering fields.

That was the motivation behind Miami Universitys Careers Involving Quantitative Skills (CIQS) day earlier this week that saw more than 100 teenage girls from Butler County and Greater Cincinnati high schools on Miamis Oxford campus.

The annual event is designed to expose female students to same-sex role models in STEM careers and among those teaching at Miami.

The wide variety of informative and interactive sessions introduces young women to all of the opportunities and careers opened by strong quantitative skills, said John Bailer, Miami University chair of the department of statistics.

Hands-on sessions are led by professionals from different sectors including water scientists from the Greater Cincinnati Water Works and Ohio EPA along with Miami faculty members from biology, geology, neuroscience, psychology, sports analytics and the Center for Analytics and Data Science, said Bailer.

Activities ranged from treating cloudy water to learning about facial recognition software to humanitarian mapping for disaster relief to neuroscience and learning, he said.

Nationwide the efforts to expose more girls to STEM careers has been a stable of American K-12 education the last decade but results have been mixed.

Locally, public school districts in Butler County have changed curricula in an attempt to include more STEM instructional practices they believe will capture the interests of girls.

MORE: Gifted Hamilton students are racing robots among projects in this summer program

A 2019 survey by the national Junior Achievement organization finds a recent dip in the level of interest of girls toward possibly pursuing STEM careers.

According to the Junior Achievements website, 9 percent of girls between ages of 13 and 17 are interested in careers in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math). This is down from 11 percent from a similar survey in 2018.

The decline of interest in STEM careers is disappointing given how much emphasis is being placed on promoting STEM to girls, said Jack Kosakowski, president and CEO of Junior Achievement USA. One element that may need to be emphasized more is ensuring that STEM professionals are serving as role models and working with girls in educational settings as part of these initiatives.

MORE: New type of class encourages Fairfield students to pursue passion projects

That has been the goal of Miamis event and Emma Morrish, a sophomore at Talawanda High School, said it worked.

All the sessions were beneficial and it really helped to be with an adult in a possible future career I might be interested in, said Morrish.

This (event) helps because at your high school there may not be a person who has knowledge of a career. These events are important for young women because you dont necessarily thin of women being in these type of careers, she said.

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Miami working to connect high school girls to STEM professionals - Hamilton Journal News

Neuroscience

Exclusive Research on Neuroscience Market 2020 by and Key Companies Analysis Doric Lenses Inc, GE Healthcare, Mightex Systems, Prizmatix, Noldus…

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If you are involved in the Europe Fall Detection System industry or intend to be, then this study will provide you comprehensive outlook. Its vital you keep your market knowledge up to date segmented Europe Fall Detection System Market, By Product Type (Automatic Fall Detection System, Manual Fall Detection System), By Algorithm (Simple Threshold, Machine Learning), By Component (Accelerometers & Gyroscopes, Unimodal/Bimodal Sensors, Multimodal Sensors), By System (Wearable Systems {Watches, Clip-On, Necklace}, Non-Wearable Systems, In-Home Landline System, In-Home Cellular Systems), End-User (Home Care Settings, Hospitals and Senior Assisted Living Facilities, Lone Workers, Others), By Country (Germany, France, U.K., Spain, Italy, Russia, Netherlands, Turkey, Belgium, Switzerland, Rest of Europe) Industry Trends and Forecast to 2025

Top 10 Companies in the Europe Fall Detection System Market Research Report:

Koninklijke Philips N.V., Intel Corporation, VitalConnect, Blue Willow Systems, LifeCall, Williamson Corporation, Life Assure, Singapore Technologies Engineering Ltd, Semtech Corporation, Connect America, Tunstall, Bay Alarm Medical, MobileHelp, Mytrex, Inc., AlertOne Services, LLC and MariCare, among others.

Product definition-:The major factors driving the growth of this market are ability to assist in case of fall, growth in enhanced medical alert services, increased demand of wearable technology based fall detection system and growth in demand of smart phones. On the other hand, low acceptance of technology among elder population may hinder the growth of the market.

Europe Fall Detection System Market Country Level Analysis

The countries covered in Europe Fall Detection System market report are U.K., Germany, France, Netherlands, Russia, Belgium, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey and Rest of Europe.

Key Drivers:Europe Fall Detection System Market

Some of the key factors driving the market for Europe fall detection system are ability to assist in case of fall, growth in enhanced medical alert services. Increased demand of wearable technology based fall detection system and growth in demand of smart phones are the other factor which will drive the demand of Europe fall detection system market.

Strategic Key Insights Of The Europe Fall Detection System Report: Production Analysis Production of the Patient Handling Equipment is analyzed with respect to different regions, types and applications. Here, price analysis of various Europe Fall Detection System Market key players is also covered.

Sales and Revenue Analysis Both, sales and revenue are studied for the different regions of the Europe Fall Detection System Market. Another major aspect, price, which plays an important part in the revenue generation, is also assessed in this section for the various regions.

Supply and Consumption In continuation of sales, this section studies supply and consumption for the Europe Fall Detection System Market. This part also sheds light on the gap between supply and consumption. Import and export figures are also given in this part.

Competitors In this section, various Europe Fall Detection System industry leading players are studied with respect to their company profile, product portfolio, capacity, price, cost, and revenue.

Analytical Tools The Europe Fall Detection System Market report consists the precisely studied and evaluated information of the key players and their market scope using several analytical tools, including SWOT analysis, Porters five forces analysis, investment return analysis, and feasibility study. These tools have been used to efficiently study the growth of the major industry participants.

The 360-degree Europe Fall Detection System overview based on a and regional level. Market share, value, volume, and production capacity is analyzed on , regional and country level. And a complete and useful guide for new market aspirants

Facilitates decision making in view of noteworthy and gauging information also the drivers and limitations available of the market.

TOC points of Europe Fall Detection System Market Report:

Thanks for reading this article; you can also get individual chapter wise section or region wise report version like North America, Europe, MEA or Asia Pacific.

Table Of Contents Is Available [emailprotected] https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/toc/?dbmr=europe-fall-detection-system-market&DP

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Exclusive Research on Neuroscience Market 2020 by and Key Companies Analysis Doric Lenses Inc, GE Healthcare, Mightex Systems, Prizmatix, Noldus...

Neuroscience

Brand Alchemy: A Conversation With Artist Of Science Spark Neuros Spencer Gerrol – Forbes

Data-led creativity has reached an inflection point. As a result, the era of art and commerce is giving way to a new age of art and science. We are amidst a data transformation revolution and the customer topography has never been more complex. Finding the right mix of algorithm and humanity is the Holy Grail or ultimate brand hack, no matter who you are, what youre marketing, or who you are selling to.

A Conversation with Artist of Science Spark Neuros Spencer Gerrol

A palpable need to formulate best-in-class brand alchemy is the new strategic imperative. This is the reason the past generation of artists of business I hailed in my book WE-Commerce, is quickly giving way to a new breed of executive that I am calling artists of science.

Consequently, Ive decided to launch a new Brand Alchemy Q+A series in parallel with my Ask the CMO column. Ive done this to get into the minds of this new species of leadership, as I believe they will ultimately emerge as the creative Darwinists defining the future of both business and brand.

For my latest conversation in this special series, I sat down with my friend Spencer Gerrol, CEO of Spark Neuro. Spencer is a visionary leading the charge on the new neuroscience revolution, and someone who intimately understands the elegantly symbiotic relationship creativity and science must have today. Following is a recap of our conversation:

Billee Howard: I would love to start with a very broad question, which is related to recent discussions around brands becoming too algorithmic. Now, there seems to be a course correction taking place and much discourse around how you marry humanity and science in the right way. What are your thoughts?

Spencer Gerrol: Its a great question. Lets start by reviewing the context behind how we got to this point through the history of brands working in the creative space and how that has evolved over time.

Rewind, and envision the days of Mad Men, the advertising world of the 1960s. Ads were created on gut instinct and dramatically pitching stories to brand executivesno data to speak of. Today, that sounds like blasphemy as brands have become hungry for data-driven decisions.

Next the pendulum swung in the other direction; data was king, and numbers made the decisionsbut creativity often suffered. When we see a pendulum swing, we need to look at the consequences.

The fact is that a huge part of any creative process is instinctual and that shouldnt go away. At Spark Neuro we measure emotion and one thing we emphasize is that emotion is the most powerful tool human beings have. Its not just how we process the stories we hear; it is also at the core of how people envision and create art. What we call instincts, your gut, is actually emotion doing its job to guide you.

When we fast-forward in time from Mad Men to todays data-driven companies, some natural tension arose. Many creatives pay lip service to data (and even rebel against it) and researchers have become a tool to push in the other direction.

I believe weve reached a pivotal point in finding the right balance to take us forward. You have to be data-driven, but you cant lose the sense of humanity when listening to the numbers. If we're looking at just who clicked on or watched what, that data is often devoid of understanding the core of human emotion. In order to study that emotional center, practical applications of neuroscience have made great strides.

Howard: I think that is a great place to pivot to my next question. I think it's ironic that people have been less afraid of AI because of its ability to be scientific and sort through data when it often lacked a tremendous amount of humanity, whereas people have been more afraid of neuroscience, which actually has humanity and empathy at its core. I would love you to explain how the use of neuroscience can actually bring more humanity to brands and help sharpen customer understanding.

Gerrol: The introduction of neuroscience into brand research starts with understanding the status quo of consumer research. When researchers started to introduce data, the tools at our disposal were rooted in self-report, that is, what people say. Surveys and focus groups do their best to tell us how people feel, but the methods are lacking. Group-think (everyone aligning or following a leader regardless of their true feelings), social desirability bias (people wanting to look good or not be judged and answering accordingly), and a host of other biases can steer us wrong even when we think the evidence is pointing us in the right direction.

Then there's the behavioral data; big data that tells you whos doing what. That's incredibly powerful, but by nature, big data tells you what people are doing, yet it doesn't tell you why they are doing it.

Companies can try to create models that predict those behaviors; however, at some point we need to make people feel a certain way to change or amplify behavior.

In order to be more creative, we need better science and a better way of integrating that science with the creative process. Neuroscience allows us to dig deeper into what people really feel. Its more than just what they do and its far more than what they say. We measure the underlying subconscious nature of how people process information, emotion, and decisions. That pushes the boundaries for how science can become more usefully blended in with art.

Howard: I think thats a great way of articulating what Ive been writing about a lot lately. It's not science or creative, its that you're looking at two sides of the same coin and youve got to figure out how to make them hand-in-glove. I think that's what you were saying, right?

Gerrol: Yes, it absolutely is. Science and art need to work better together. That means that as much as ever, we need emotionally intelligent people to contribute creative ideas that are worth scientifically testing, but we also need new ways to measure beyond big data that lacks empathy, or self-report that fosters biases.

Step one is getting people to understand the true impact of emotion. While we think were rational beings, at the end of the day, our emotions and our instincts are driving us. Emotion is controlling all of our perceptions, decisions, and actions. When we realize that and see how important emotion is, we then recognize that we need to be able to measure it.

All of the old ways of evaluating impact are not giving us effective data to understand that emotional layer. To get there, neuroscience unlocks the ability to measure in a way that we couldn't have done before. We can actually measure emotion, do it with second-by-second precision, and quantify what was previously unquantifiable, confidently understanding the emotional impact of a given piece of creative.

Howard: The last decade of neuroscience left a lot to be desired. There seems to be a new frontier ahead of us. I'd love if you could articulate why this is happening and how much things have changed related to the efficacy of the field?

Gerrol: Neuroscience, for all intents and purposes, is a fledgling industry with the amount we know about the human brain still barely scratching the surface. In fact, every hard science, even things like physics, start out part philosophy. Remember, there was a time when we were trying to figure out whether or not the earth was flat or round or if the earth rotated around the sun, or vice versa. Great philosophers debated about these scientific questions because we didn't yet have all the measurement tools necessary. There was this mixing of philosophy and science that eventually gave way to more hard science.

Neuroscience has been in that same realm, mixing philosophy and science. First, we debated about emotion and decision-making (and we still debate about the nature of consciousness), but eventually our measurement tools evolved.

It also goes far beyond the tools themselves. EEG, for example, is a device that measures brain activity and has been around for nearly one hundred years. However, it is also a tool that collects massive amounts of often messy data that is hard to make sense of, far more than even the most brilliant scientist can manage manually.

With EEG you are looking at the brain releasing electricity through your scalp, at very small amounts, in different locations, with different frequencies, and different amplitudes of electricity. Meanwhile, every time somebody blinks, clenches their jaw, or any muscle movement or electrical interference creates noise in the data. Now computational power is leagues beyond what it was even just a few years ago and data science has allowed us to leapfrog what was possible before.

In our new world, we have the ability to clean out those noisy artifacts, train algorithms using a data-driven process through machine learning, and do so real-time as the data is being collectedno more waiting weeks for data processing. We quite literally process emotional reactions live as they are coming straight from your brain.

Howard: These advances are so exciting and its amazing to see how far practical applications of neuroscience have come. With all of these advances, what should we be careful of?

Gerrol: Yes, the science has come a long way, but buyer beware. There are still, perhaps more than ever, people peddling snake oil. I sometimes compare it to buying a bottle of wine as someone like me who is not a wine connoisseur. When I go to buy a bottle of wine, I look at the label, I look at the price and I think, OK. this one's a little more expensive than that one and the label looks nice, so I'll buy it. But, I don't really know if its a good bottle as I'm not a wine expert. Similarly, because neuroscience is such a complex topic, people should be skeptical and be able to come at any of us in this industry and ask the hard questions.

If you smell B.S. its likely you might be onto something. Your emotions, as usual, are probably telling you something valuable. We need to continue to be aware of that, because much like I'm not a wine connoisseur, your customer is likely not a neuroscientist. We need to make sure that we hold the industry to a high standard.

Howard: All terrific points. Thanks for so clearly explaining all of that. Last question. I think of you as an artist of science and Id love to hear your thoughts on what the relationship between creatives and scientists needs to look like as we move forward.

Gerrol: Thank you Billee. I appreciate that and am looking forward to our future collaboration together through that lens.

If you look at how research and creative have evolved, its different across different industries. I've been a part of the user experience industry for over 15 years, then the advertising industry, and the entertainment world, which are all totally different animals when it comes to research. If you talk about research to support designing a better website or app, you don't get much pushback on using data to help drive the decisions. Because web design and app design grew up within a data-driven age, it's less of a confrontational relationship and more of a symbiotic relationship.

With advertising, on the other hand, and even more so in Hollywood, there can be tension between research and creative. Advertising didn't grow up with science as part of the process. Science came later and the type of science being used is typically rooted in self-reported opinions. Think of the old Henry Ford adage, If I had asked people what they wanted, they would have said faster horses.

Artists naturally dont want the opinions of every person in the focus group to be treated like their creative director. In fact, all of that feedback can create an aversion to risk and water down the art. So the industry produces too much of the same and not enough stands out.

This has led to a new opportunity in todays world where relationship creatives and scientists can once again be symbiotic. We, as scientists, should respect and admire the emotional instincts that create great art. Instead of stepping on toes with peoples rationalized opinions, we can now provide a measurement that hits at the heart of what creatives really care aboutare people emotionally engaged?

This allows us to empower creatives with data that they can make actionable. We have reached a point where neuroscience can be the tool that creatives lean on to find opportunities to confidently try new things, take risks, and reinforce great storytelling instead of watering down the art.

Read more:
Brand Alchemy: A Conversation With Artist Of Science Spark Neuros Spencer Gerrol - Forbes

Neuroscience

These Breakthroughs Made the 2010s the Decade of the Brain – Qrius

I rarely use the words transformative or breakthrough for neuroscience findings. The brain is complex, noisy, chaotic, and often unpredictable. One intriguing result under one condition may soon fail for a majority of others. Whats more, paradigm-shifting research trends often require revolutionary tools. When were lucky, those come once a decade.

But I can unabashedly say that the 2010s saw a boom in neuroscience breakthroughs that transformed the field and will resonate long into the upcoming decade.

In 2010, the idea that wed be able to read minds, help paralyzed people walk again, incept memories, or have multi-layered brain atlases was near incomprehensible. Few predicted that deep learning, an AI model loosely inspired by neural processing in the brain, would gain prominence and feed back into decoding the brain. Around 2011, I asked a now-prominent AI researcher if we could automatically detect dying neurons in a microscope image using deep neural nets; we couldnt get it to work. Today, AI is readily helping read, write, and map the brain.

As we cross into the next decade, it pays to reflect on the paradigm shifts that made the 2010s the decade of the brain. Even as a boo humbug skeptic Im optimistic about the next decade for solving the brains mysteries: from genetics and epigenetics to chemical and electrical communications, networks, and cognition, well only get better at understanding and tactfully controlling the supercomputer inside our heads.

Weve covered brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) so many times even my eyes start glazing over. Yet I still remember my jaw dropping as I watcheda paralyzed man kick off the 2014 World Cupin a bulky mind-controlled exosuit straight out ofEdge of Tomorrow.

Flash forward a few years, and scientists have already ditched the exosuit for an implanted neural prosthesis that replaces severed nerves to re-establish communication between the brains motor centers and lower limbs.

The rise in BCIs owes much tothe BrainGate project, which worked tirelessly to decode movement from electrical signals in the motor cortex, allowingparalyzed patients to use a tablet with their mindsoroperate robotic limbs. Today, prosthetic limbs coated with sensors can feed back into the brain, giving patients mind-controlled movement, sense of touch, and an awareness of where the limb is in space. Similarly, by decoding electrical signals in the auditory or visual cortex, neural implants can synthesize a persons speech by reconstructing what theyre hearing or re-create images of what theyre seeingor even of what theyre dreaming.

For now, most BCIsespecially those that require surgical implantsare mainly used to give speech or movement back to those with disabilities or decode visual signals. The brain regions that support all these functions are on the surface, making them relatively more accessible and easier to decode.

But theres plenty of interest in using the same technology to target less tangible brain issues, such as depression, OCD, addiction, andother psychiatric disordersthat stem from circuits deep within the brain. Several trials using implanted electrodes, for example, have shown dramatic improvement in peoplesuffering from depressionthat dont respond to pharmaceutical drugs, but the results vary significantly between individuals.

The next decade may see non-invasive ways to manipulate brain activity, such as focused ultrasound, transcranial magnetic or direct current stimulation (TMS/tDCS), and variants of optogenetics. Along with increased understanding of brain networks and dynamics, we may be able to play select neural networks like a piano and realize the dream of treating psychiatric disorders at their root.

Rarely does one biological research field get such tremendous support from multiple governments. Yet the 2010s saw an explosion in government-backed neuroscience initiatives from theUS,EU,and Japan, with China, South Korea, Canada, and Australia in the process of finalizing their plans. These multi-year, multi-million-dollar projects focus on developing new tools to suss out the brains inner workings, such as how it learns, how it controls behavior, and how it goes wrong. For some, the final goal is to simulate a working human brain inside a supercomputer, forming an invaluable model for researchers to test out their hypothesesand maybe act as a blueprint for one day reconstructing all of a persons neural connections, called the connectome.

Even as initial announcementsweremet with skepticismwhat exactly is the project trying to achieve?the projects allowed something previously unthinkable. The infusion of funding provided a safety blanket to develop new microscopy tools to ever-more-rapidly map the brain, resulting in a toolkit of new fluorescent indicators that track neural activation and map neural circuits. Even rudimentary simulations have generated virtual epilepsy patients to help more precisely pinpoint sources of seizures. A visual prosthesis to restore sight,a memory prosthesisto help those with faltering recall, anda push for non-invasive waysto manipulate human brains all stemmed from these megaprojects.

Non-profit institutions such as the Allen Institute for Brain Science have also joined the effort, producingmap after mapat different resolutions of various animal brains. The upcoming years will see individual brain maps pieced together into comprehensive atlases that cover everything from genetics to cognition, transforming our understanding of brain function from paper-based 2D maps into multi-layered Google Maps.

In a way, these national programs ushered in the golden age of brain science, bringing talent from other disciplinesengineers, statisticians, physicists, computer scientistsinto neuroscience. Early successes will likely drive even more investment in the next decade, especially as findings begin translating into actual therapies for people who dont respond to traditional mind-targeting drugs. The next decade will likely see innovative new tools that manipulate neural activity more precisely and less-invasively than optogenetics. The rapid rise in the amount of data will also mean that neuroscientists will quickly embrace cloud-storage options for collaborative research and GPUs and more powerful computing cores to process the data.

First, brain to AI. The physical structure and information flow in the cortex inspired deep learning, the most prominent AI model today. Ideas such as hippocampal replaythe brains memory center replays critical events in fast forward during sleep to help consolidate memoryalso benefit AI models.

In addition, the activation patterns of individual neurons merged with materials science to build neuromorphic chips, or processors thatfunction more like the brain, rather than todays silicon-based chips. Althoughneuromorphic chipsremain mainly an academic curiosity, theyhave the potentialto perform complicated, parallel computations at a fraction of the energy used by processors today. As deep neural nets get ever-more power hungry, neuromorphic chips may present a welcome alternative.

In return, AI algorithms that closely model the brain are helping solve long-time mysteries of the brain, such ashow the visual cortex processes input. In a way, the complexity and unpredictability of neurobiology is shriveling thanks to these computational advancements.

Although crossovers between biomedical research and digital software have long existedthink programs that help with drug designthe match between neuroscience and AI isfar stronger and more intimate. As AI becomes more powerful and neuroscientists collaborate outside their field, computational tools will only unveil more intricacies of neural processing, including more intangible aspects such as memory, decision-making, or emotions.

I talk a bunch about the brains electrical activity, but supporting that activity are genes and proteins. Neurons also arent a uniform bunch; multiple research groups are piecing together a whos who of the brains neural parts and their individual characteristics.

Although invented in the late 2000s, technologies such as optogenetics and single-cell RNA sequencing were widely adopted by the neuroscience community in the 2010s. Optogenetics allows researchers to control neurons with light, even in freely moving animals going about their lives. Add to that a whole list of rainbow-colored proteins to tag active cells, and its possible to implant memories. Single-cell RNA sequencing is the queen bee of deciphering a cells identity, allowing scientists to understand the geneticexpressionprofile of any given neuron. This tech is instrumental in figuring out the neuron populations that make up a brain at any point in timeinfancy, youth, aging.

But perhaps the crown in new tools goes to brain organoids, or mini-brains, that remarkably resemble those of preterm babies, making them excellent models of the developing brain. Organoids may be our best chance of figuring out the neurobiology of autism, schizophrenia, and other developmental brain issues that are difficult to model with mice. This decade is when scientists established a cookbook for organoids of different types; the next will see far more studies that tap into their potential for modeling a growing brain. With hard work and luck, we may finally be able to tease out the root causes of these developmental issues.

Shelly Xuelai Fan is a neuroscientist-turned-science writer. She completed her PhD in neuroscience at the University of British Columbia, where she developed novel treatments for neurodegeneration. While studying biological brains, she became fascinated with AI and all things biotech. Following graduation, she moved to UCSF to study blood-based factors that rejuvenate aged brains. She is the co-founder of Vantastic Media, a media venture that explores science stories through text and video, and runs the award-winning blog NeuroFantastic.com. Her first book, Will AI Replace Us? (Thames & Hudson) will be out April 2019.

This article was originally published in Singularity Hub

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These Breakthroughs Made the 2010s the Decade of the Brain - Qrius

Neuroscience

The changing nature of approvals what does the future hold? – PMLiVE

We will continue to see geographic and therapeutic rebalancing. Growth in sales volume is slowing in the US and Europe, while greater activity has been observed in Mainland China. Regulatory processes in Mainland China have become more streamlined, resulting in greater investment by global pharma companies and more approvals of innovative medicines. Therapeutically, oncology and rare diseases will likely remain attractive candidates for investment, while market failures for neuroscience and anti-infective therapies will continue to negatively affect investment in those areas.

Digital technologies and artificial intelligence are creating new opportunities to identify new targets, leverage real-world data, rapidly test hypotheses and support clinical decision-making. Along with this, however, comes new challenges such as integrating the data sources needed to support robust machine learning. Therefore, the industry needs to develop solutions that provide a single source of truth to inform the decision-making process.

Finally, 2019 is tracking to be on par with 2012 and 2017 for the highest number of CEO changes within pharma companies and has the second highest number of changes within thetop 12 pharma companies. With these significant leadership changes, we should expect to continue to see additional changes within the industry for at least the next few years.

The analysis from CMR International highlights important questions about the sustainability of the pharmaceutical industry and provides objective insights that can inform discussions about how to move forward. It will be important to use ever-more sophisticated data sets to continue to understand pharmas ongoing evolution.

Read more from the original source:
The changing nature of approvals what does the future hold? - PMLiVE