Anatomy

Dear ABC: Weve Had Enough with the Greys Anatomy-Station 19 Crossovers – PRIMETIMER

Debbie Allen, Jesse Williams, and Barrett Doss (ABC)

Things have been very busy at Grey's Anatomy's Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital, what with Meredith (Ellen Pompeo) getting out of jail, Bailey (Chandra Wilson) dealing with her miscarriage, Amelia (Caterina Scorsone) pregnant and unsure who the father of her baby is, and Owen (Kevin McKidd) clashing so hard with Tom Koracick (Greg Germann) that he left to go work at rival hospital PacNorth. Oh, and the chief of surgery at PacNorth, day-one Grey's character Alex Karev (Justin Chambers) has flown the coop, leaving countless storylines in the lurch.

And yet, for whatever reason, a decent chunk of the last several episodes have been occupied by some previously unseen firefighters. Of course, it's not for whatever reason: ABC has been trying to goose the second-season ratings of sister series Station 19.It started in Januarywith a two-part disaster event that brought the S19 and Grey's casts together, which is par for the course a single crossover event is pretty standard issue for shows like these, which share a universe and a city and even a few characters. But like houseguests who overstaytheir welcome, the Station 19 crossovers haven't stopped. Grey's doc Jackson Avery (Jesse Williams) began dating Station 19's Vic (Barrett Doss) and making out with her in various corners of the hospital. Cases have been kicking off on Station 19 and wrapping up on Grey's, like last week's bear attack drama and tonight's Seattle blizzard.

But nothing was more frustrating than a couple weeks ago, during the pivotal episode in which Richard (James Pickens Jr.) and Catherine (Debbie Allen) are hosting a dinner, teetering on the edge of making their separation public (and official), a decision which will likely shape the rest of the whole season, and we've got not one but TWO Station 19 duds taking up space (and storylines) at the dinner table.

Look, I don't begrudge a spinoff's attempt to draft off of the success of its original. Private Practice spun off from Grey's in 2007 and certainly made use of the crossover potential of characters like Amelia Shepherd and Addison Montgomery (Kate Walsh). But Private Practicemanagedto stand on its own two feet, and with the constant crossovers, the implication is that Station 19 can't do that.

The bigger problem is that Grey's Anatomy truly can't spare the real estate. For a show in its 16th season to have managed to stayfresh and successful is no accident. It's a matter of building up new characters and smartly filling its time with stories that slow-burn their way into becoming unmissable. Grey's Anatomy in its teens is a war of attrition. Battling through a network-length season, the show endures dips and highs, butviewers are loyal enough to stay until the season's storylines bubble over into a boil. That's what's currently going down with Catherine and Richard's breakup. Having these Station 19 kids around is not only an annoying waste of screen time, but they're gumming up the works and preventing audiences from investing in the show's big moments.

If Station 19 can't stand on its own, that's all the answer ABC should need. Attempting to turn Thursday nights into the Seattle version of NBC's Chicago Fire / Med / PD will only drag down the most successful drama they have.

People are talking about Grey's Anatomy in our forums. Join the conversation.

Joe Reid is the Managing Editor at Primetimer and co-host of theThis Had Oscar Buzzpodcast. His work has appeared in Decider, NPR, HuffPost, The Atlantic, Slate, Polygon, Vanity Fair, The Herald Sun, Vulture, The A.V. Club and more.

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Dear ABC: Weve Had Enough with the Greys Anatomy-Station 19 Crossovers - PRIMETIMER

Anatomy

The Convention of Restorative Anatomy and Prosopopeia – Announcements – E-Flux

The Convention of Restorative Anatomy and ProsopopeiaMarch 5December 11, 2020

Fondazione Sandretto Re RebaudengoVia Modane, 1610141 Turin Italy

theinstituteofthingstocome.comfsrr.orgInstagram / Facebook

curated byValerio Del Baglivo

Mohamed Abdelkarim, Melanie Bonajo, Pauline Curnier Jardin, El Palomar, Quinsy Gario, Goda Palekait, Francesco Ventrella, Arnisa Zeqo

Fondazione Sandretto Re Rebaudengo hosts The Institute of Things to Come 2020, an itinerant art programme aimed at investigating forms of imaginative speculation as cultural strategies and methodologies for critical positions. Founded in 2017 by curator Valerio Del Baglivo, each year The Institute focuses on a different theme, inviting artists to present works that interact with other disciplines.

Titled The Convention of Restorative Anatomy and Prosopopeia, The Institute of Things to Come 2020 programme discusses the category of alterity in opposition to recent years globally-expanded populist politics and their discourses and positions of identity monoculture and distinction. In 2020, The Institute will be transformed into a laboratory for experimental anatomy, where modes of bodily regeneration, metabolic transformation, personification, and physical/mental prosopopeia occur to question whether it is possible to contrast politics of sovereignty, belongings, heteronormativity, and identitarianism. The invited artists engage with forms of embodiment that play between authenticity and imagination, to question the above mentioned political issues exploring with bio-political fiction, gender materiality and counter forms of biographism.

The 2020 program combines exhibitions, public programs and an associates programme supporting new productions for emerging practitioners. It starts with The First Conference On Transcorporality & Prosopopeiaa two days program addressing the use of the rhetorical figure of prosopopeia (i.e. a way of speaking as another person or object) in order to foster processes of dis-identitywith Quinsy Gario, Francesco Ventrella and Arnisa Zeqo. Along the year our Associates Programme titled Biographic Disobedience with artists Goda Palekait, El Palomar and Mohamed Abdelkarim, focuses on the life of marginalized historical figures, whose existences resisted and questioned cultural clichs and political impositions. At the end of theyear-long program each artist will present a newly produced performance at Kunsthal Gent.In April, artist Melanie Bonajo will present Night Soil Fake Paradise an installation examining the use of Ayahuasca and alternate states of consciousness as moments in which we redefine socially accepted categories of body-politics and gender normativity. In June, artist Pauline Curnier Jardin will exhibit The Resurrection Puddle, an installation, performance and film that pays homage to Michel Foucault and Gunther von Hagens by celebrating metamorphosis, regeneration and hermaphroditism.

Finally, Guerrilla against the Unceasing Hostilities of the Living, curated by Michele Bertolino, collects a series of interviews to reconsider the role of zombies as symbolic equivalents of otherness in post-human and post-capitalist critique, anti-social queer theories and post-porn productionswith Sarah Juliet Lauro, Lee Edelman, Lorenzo Bernini and Shaka McGlotten.

In times of new forms of identitarianism, The Convention of Restorative Anatomy and Prosopopeia brings together artists and practitioners to re-evoke the presence of absent historical bodies and build a genealogy of corporeal subjectivities that readdress the notion of normality and alterity.

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The Convention of Restorative Anatomy and Prosopopeia - Announcements - E-Flux

Anatomy

Delhi violence: Anatomy of a riot, and its escalation – Hindustan Times

On February 17, at a security review meeting attended by, among others, the citys outgoing police commissioner Amulya Patnaik and additional chief secretary (home) Satyagopal (who goes by only one name), Lieutenant Governor Anil Baijal raised the possibility of the anti-Citizenship (Amendment) Act protests spreading to other parts of the city from Shaheen Bagh in the light of the visit of US President Donald Trump (on February 24 and 25) and a ruling by the Supreme Court that could ask the protesters to vacate the site (the court, on February 26, deferred the hearing to March 23).

According to documents seen by HT, Baijal verbally told those present at the meeting that there could be an attempt to embarrass the Union government during the Trump visit, and that the police should strengthen its intelligence and also have adequate force ready. Patnaik said he would do both. On paper, Baijal is responsible for overall superintendence of Delhi Police, although, for many decades now, the force has mostly reported directly to the home ministry. The Intelligence Bureau also provided inputs to the Delhi Police that there was palpable tension in the citys north-east districts.

This intelligence some of it was generic, to be sure came to naught on February 22, when, according to video footage seen by HT, at around 10pm, activists and protesters caught the police unawares and occupied a road near the Jafrabad Metro station. Local police could not muster enough policewomen to remove them.

By the morning of February 23, the crowd at the site swelled. Top Delhi Police, Union government, and intelligence officials who spoke to HT said that the attempt was to create an alternative site to Shaheen Bagh.

February 23 was also when BJP leader Kapil Mishra said that if the police did not clear the site at Jafrabad, he and his supporters would. Mishra put out a video of this statement, highlighting his ultimatum to the police, on his Twitter account. Soon after, pro-CAA protesters started gathering at the predominantly Gurjar village of Maujpur. Reports from local residents of the area suggest many of them were outsiders, shipped in from Uttar Pradesh on buses. There are conflicting reports, though, and some say the crowds at Maujpur started gathering on Saturday evening itself.

A stretch of road separated the two groups. The growing crowd of Muslim, anti-CAA protesters at Jafrabad, and the growing crowd of Hindu, pro-CAA protesters at Maujpur. And between the two groups was Delhi Police, which, with its 73 reserve companies, was stretched almost to breaking point because of the forthcoming visit of the US President. Consequently, the force manning what would emerge as the flashpoint in the north-east district was left with few reserve companies at its disposal. Led by special commissioners Satish Golcha and Praveer Ranjan, the local polices priority was to ensure that the two groups did not clash on February 22 and 23.

They managed that to some extent on the first day. They gave up some ground on the second. And on the third day, February 24, they were overwhelmed. It wasnt until late evening of February 25 that they would regain a semblance of control. For 36 hours between Monday morning and Tuesday evening, many neighbourhoods in the north-east burnt.

On Sunday evening, there were reports of stone-pelting and firing from Kardampuri and Brahmpuri areas. By Monday, the communal riot was on in full-swing. At the peak, around 20,000 people were involved in the violence, broken up into smaller groups that went at each other, and at the rival community on the narrow lanes and bylanes.

The police didnt have the numbers to quell the rioters. Nor did they have the numbers to handle the situation inside the neighbourhoods. To make things worse, the rioters were well armed with guns, swords, knives, rods and pipes, sticks, stones, and petrol bombs (Molotov cocktails).

With a mob of 20,000, there was nothing that we could do as the rioters would have lynched us also. There was no question of opening fire as there were far too many rioters armed to the teeth, said a top police official on condition of anonymity.

It was clear as early as Sunday that the Delhi Police leadership had under-assessed the threat. It was also clear that the leadership was not resourced adequately. Two IPS officers, including DCP (Shahdara) Amit Sharma, sustained critical head injuries, and head constable Ratan Lal lost his life as they tried to control rioters in the lanes of north-east Delhi even as more rioters rained stones down on. Taken by surprise, Delhi Police sent out a request for companies of paramilitary forces the same day, but by then the rioting was on.

At 10.30 am on Monday, February 24, at the LGs residence, Raj Niwas, Baijal met with Patnaik and Satygopal again. According to the minutes of the meeting, instructions were issued to Patnaik to strengthen and increase the police presence in the north-east districts, with flag marches and to impose Section 144 (which prohibits assembly of people in groups of four or more), wherever required. While Patnaik briefed the LG on the situation and protest at Jafrabad, he did not raise any requirement for more forces at the meeting. HT has reviewed documents related to the meeting. The situation on the ground was becoming worse.

Delhi Police was stretched thin; and only a few companies of paramilitary force arrived to bolster its strength. The riots continued to escalate. It was also a busy day for anyone concerned with law enforcement in Delhi Trump was arriving the following day. On the evening of February 24, the situation was reviewed by home secretary Ajay Bhalla and Intelligence Bureau director Arvind Kumar, with Patnaik in attendance. Home minister Amit Shah also cut short his visit (he was in Ahmedabad, the first leg of the US Presidents visit) and arrived in Delhi early on Monday evening.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi was monitoring the situation throughout and after he landed from Gujarat on Monday late evening, he moved quickly. Decisive steps were taken on the intervening night, before President Trumps ceremonial welcome at Rashtrapati Bhawan. More forces were pumped into the area.

The riots continued on February 25, but stayed contained to north-east Delhi, allowing the US Presidents visit to proceed smoothly. On the afternoon of February 25, with more paramilitary forces in place, Delhi Police started its counter and began clearing out the main arterial roads of north-east Delhi. By then, the mob strength was also dwindling. Shah, who reviewed the situation in a meeting, and gave a carte blanche to Delhi Police when it came to the demand for additional forces. Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal played a very positive role in the meeting and was willing to support any cause to help control the situation along with the LG. The Congresss Delhi leader Subhash Chopra also attended the meeting, as did BJPs Delhi chief Manoj Tiwary. Chopra wanted a case to be registered against Kapil Mishra.

With the Trump visit sharing space with Delhi riots on the front pages of newspapers, and with the visit coming to an end on Tuesday late evening (the US president flew out at 10pm), Prime Minister Narendra Modi, in consultation with Shah and National Security Adviser Ajit Doval took decisive steps to bring the situation under control. Advisories to news channels were issued, and the PM and Shah asked Doval to take charge of a seemingly weak police leadership. SN Shrivastava was appointed as special commissioner (Law and Order) on the same day.

The moves paid off, with the force led by Doval gaining control over the riot-hit areas on the same night, with only minor incidents of violence reported on February 26. The decision to bring in Doval ended up being a masterstroke: the NSAs position cuts through police and intelligence hierarchies and ensures everyone is on the same page.

While the riots have been controlled, at least 38 people have been killed and over 330 injured. Property worth tens of crores has been destroyed. Some questions remain unanswered.

Was the Jafrabad protest orchestrated to embarrass the Modi government during the visit of the US President? In the past, there have always been incidents of violence in Jammu & Kashmir to coincide with visits of US Presidents. The riot also came on the eve of the UN Human Right Council session, where Pakistan raised the issue of minorities being persecuted in India, and New Delhi responded.

Did Delhi Police Commissioner Patnaik and his team under-assess the threat? Did Patnaiks imminent retirement on February 29 (he was already on a months extension) affect his ability to lead his team?

Or was everything a result of the police not having enough feet on the ground on Saturday and Sunday?

HT has reviewed the force strength on each day, and on February 26 there was a military division strength of reserve force helping out the local police.

But the story is far from over.

The rioters have gone back home, but with 38 dead, across both communities, north-east Delhi is expected to see a wave of targeted killings over the next few months, according to police and intelligence officials.

Excerpt from:
Delhi violence: Anatomy of a riot, and its escalation - Hindustan Times

Anatomy

Greys Anatomy stream (2/27/20): How to watch, time, channel – PennLive

A snowstorm is creating all sorts of havoc in Seattle on tonights new episode of Greys Anatomy." And DeLuca is picking right up where he left off with his wild behavior.

The 15th episode of Season 16, titled Snowblind, airs at 9 p.m. ET Thursday, Feb. 27 on ABC. Its another crossover episode with Shonda Rhimes other show, Station 19.

LIVE STREAM: Hulu Live TV

Here is tonights synopsis, according to ABC: Meredith and Carina question DeLucas uncharacteristic behavior when he volunteers to perform a life-threatening task during a blizzard. Meanwhile, Bailey tries to help Joey with his future, while Richard trains a new intern at the hospital.

You can watch Greys Anatomy even if you dont have cable by signing up for Hulu Live TV. If youve missed an episode, you can watch previous episodes on demand through its service.

Thanks for visiting PennLive. Quality local journalism has never been more important. We need your support. Not a subscriber yet? Please consider supporting our work.

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Greys Anatomy stream (2/27/20): How to watch, time, channel - PennLive

Anatomy

Watch | Discussion: The Anatomy of Violence and Who Benefits From it – The Wire

In this short but sharp analysis of the anatomy of violence, The Wires founding editor Sidharth Bhatia who extensively reported from the ground during the Mumbai 1992-93 riots and anti-Sikh Riots in 1984, speaks to The Wires chief of bureau, Sangeeta Barooah Pisharoty, about the three crucial elements of how riots have happened in the past.

He says that preparation, trigger and execution are the three components that lead to violence of the kind that Delhi is witnessing. He further explains how these three components have become a template for political careers to emerge out of a riot situation.

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Watch | Discussion: The Anatomy of Violence and Who Benefits From it - The Wire

Anatomy

Greys Anatomy: Will Bailey and Ben adopt Joey and his siblings? – Hidden Remote

Greys Anatomy hasnt been kind to Bailey and Ben. Just as Bailey learned she was going through early menopause, she also found out she was pregnant. Sadly, she suffered a miscarriage, which has been mentioned a couple of times since its happened.

Ben made it clear onStation 19 that he thinks time is up for having his own kids. Hes almost just accepted it, but that doesnt mean there will never be other kids in his life. He and Bailey could take a step towards fostering based on the current storyline inGreys Anatomy.

Joey, who was homeless with his siblings up to this point, is currently still in the hospital. The doctors cant keep him there forever, though. And nearly being 18, hes not going to find a home in the foster care system. Bailey is seeing the horrors of the system from the outside, and we could find that she decides she wants to foster Joey and his siblings.

It certainly seems like shes thinking about it. Shes considering how she can help, running through everything that could happen in Joeys future. Bailey just wants to do something.

So far, Bailey and Ben havent discussed fostering or adopting. They havent really had the chance to talk about the miscarriage, especially since theyre both on two different shows now. While there are crossovers, the two havent seen much of each other on-screen recently. That doesnt mean a conversation cant happen.

Its not going to be easy to foster or adopt Joey and his siblings. They arent blood relatives but foster siblings, sticking together after a terrible foster home. Joey is almost 18 so will be out of the system soon. Plus, its a long process to become a foster parent.

Instead, we could see Joey turn 18 and have nowhere to go. Could Ben and Bailey open their home to him, giving a space for visits with his foster siblings in the future? That would likely be a more realistic storyline onGreys Anatomy.

What do you think Ben and Bailey should do? Will Joey become a permanent part of their lives? Share your thoughts in the comments below.

Greys Anatomy airs Thursdays at 9/8c on ABC. Catch up on the latest episodes with Hulu.

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Greys Anatomy: Will Bailey and Ben adopt Joey and his siblings? - Hidden Remote

Anatomy

WATCH: Delhi Riot Reportage Anatomy: 10 big challenges of covering the mayhem | The Last Word – Times Now

EP470 - WATCH: Delhi Riot Reportage Anatomy: 10 big challenges of covering the mayhem | The Last Word26 FEBRUARY 2020 | MIRROR NOW TV | 57 MIN 32 SEC

On The Last Word, The anatomy of covering a riot. 10 big challenges of covering Delhi mayhem. Today's show is about the invisible heroes of any news channel, reporters and video journalists, who have been working in the most challenging times.

CHALLENGE: How reporters' & Video Journalists identity turns into a big risk.

CHALLENGE: Deciding where to park, leave the getaway vehicle, essentials & equipments.

CHALLENGE: Why it's tough to distinguish facts from fake news and How knowledge of identifying sounds is a lifesaver.

Locals from Khajuri Khas in Delhi vacate their houses. They've lost all their properties, vehicles and documents.

Watch for more details.

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WATCH: Delhi Riot Reportage Anatomy: 10 big challenges of covering the mayhem | The Last Word - Times Now

Anatomy

This ‘Grey’s Anatomy’ Alum is One of the Most-Hated Actresses of All Time – Showbiz Cheat Sheet

The cast of Greys Anatomy has evolved on a large scale over the last 16 years with many being written off in controversial ways. While Ellen Pompeos Meredith Grey and a few other cast members have stuck around, no one will ever forget the debacle Katherine Heigl created.

Most fans remember when she was removed from the show due to her own heated comments. Part of that is still filled with debate on who was really right about the show.

Since those days, Heigl has had some problems keeping her movie and TV career consistent. While shes still working, shes lost some of the popularity she once had, perhaps for a variety of reasons.

According to some sources, its mostly due to issues she exhibits behind-the-scenes in her career.

Her troubles with Greys Anatomy and Shonda Rhimes began when Heigl began complaining about the quality of her role as Dr. Izzie Stevens. She claimed the writers were making her character do things she didnt think Izzie would do.

Perhaps she was half-right based on some of the silly romances the character was having. However, the final clincher was when Heigl took her name out of contention for an Emmy in 2008. This perturbed the writers and Rhimes herself since they thought Heigl was disrespecting cast and crew.

As many know now, when Rhimes doesnt see eye-to-eye with a cast member, she usually writes them out in less than glamorous ways. Heigl was let go from the show and Dr. Izzie Stevens was never seen again after the sixth season.

Rumors keep popping up Heigl will show up again if Greys Anatomy ever ends. Dont count on it since theres reportedly a lot of issues people in the movie/TV industry still have with her as an actress and person.

Whether you can consider certain online sources legit or not is up to the reader to decide. One South African source called News24 published a piece in 2014 detailing ten reasons Heigl was one of the most hated in the entertainment world.

The top ten list was long with myriad details of her supposedly doing nearly unbearable things on the set of shows and films. Its said she has a long track record of questioning scripts and her wardrobe, not including demanding bigger paychecks than her fellow actors.

Then they mention her mom whos also her manager. From all reports, her mom is overly protective and vindictive, making her resemble a cliched stage mother. Both are said to have potty mouths while saying negative things about their colleagues behind their backs.

Whether all of this can be corroborated without evidence is another thing. When it comes to women working in the industry, having them forced to do certain things means having to speak up and sometimes be considered a diva when theyre just protecting themselves.

One thing brought up again in the above top ten list is when Heigl decried sexism in the film Knocked Up in 2008. This was her first major movie role, but she wasnt afraid to speak up about something arguably true.

For some, this was just looked at as being disloyal to cast and crew, which has its own point. Heigl has undoubtedly felt she had to be this way at times to get ahead and survive in a tough industry.

Yet, theres always a happy medium on how to go about it so it doesnt become misinterpreted as being a diva. At least the #MeToo movement has allowed other actresses to speak up about things they shouldnt have to put up with on a production set.

In the case of Heigl, she still has enough supporting her to keep working since she does have a web series called Firefly Lane arriving soon, not including finishing up a run on Suits. As much as Heigl might be disliked by some, theres always going to be another half who see eye to eye with her opinions.

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This 'Grey's Anatomy' Alum is One of the Most-Hated Actresses of All Time - Showbiz Cheat Sheet

Anatomy

‘Grey’s Anatomy’ Crosses Over With ‘Station 19’ Once Again for Chaotic Camping Trip – PopCulture.com

Thursday night will feature yet another crossover between Grey's Anatomy and its spinoff series, Station 19. While the first part will focus on the camping trip and the subsequent bear attack, Grey's will task Dr. Jackson Avery (Jesse Williams) with saving the life of a couple who survived the mauling. He won't have to go at it alone, though, as Newsweek notes that Dr. Jo Wilson (Camilla Luddington) and Dr. Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) will be there to lend a hand.

The crew at Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital have a long, mostly bad history when it comes to roughing it in the wilderness. Back in the show's third season, Dr. Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey) had to put up with Dr. Preston Burke (Isaiah Washington) inviting all some of the guys for a bonding trip in the wilderness.

More recently, Avery and Maggie Pierce (Kelly McCreary) went on a camping trip last season that went so poorly that it ended up costing their relationship. Although none were as bad as a random bear attack, it's likely not gonna endear anyone to the idea of a night under the stars.

The show's crossovers started in January this year, which kicked off Station 19 with an unexpected death in the show's closing moments. Last week, Grey's also introduced Dr. Laura Riley (Shoshannah Stern), who made history as the first deaf woman to portray a doctor on a primetime network TV show. While fans were overjoyed at the character's arrival, some took it to mean that she has a much deeper connection to characters on the firefighter drama.

Grey's is also having to contend with the departure of actor Justin Chambers, who played Dr. Alex Karev for the past 15 seasons. In an interview with Variety, showrunner Krista Vernoff teased that clarity is coming... eventually.

"It was a very careful threading of a needle, where we are giving a little bit of information and pain to Jo," she began, referring to Jo Wilson, played by Camilla Luddington. "We're, episode by episode, illuminating the story of where Alex is. And it takes us quite a few more episodes to get there and to give the audience clarity," she said, before adding "We did it as carefully as we could. But it takes a while to get there."

Station 19 airs at 8 p.m. ET on Thursday, with Grey's Anatomy following at 9 p.m. ET on ABC.

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'Grey's Anatomy' Crosses Over With 'Station 19' Once Again for Chaotic Camping Trip - PopCulture.com

Embryology

Effectiveness and safety assessment of drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol tablet in treatment of PCOS patients: a single center, prospective,…

Study population

This single center, prospective observational study was conducted from August 2017 to December 2018. Among the 173 patients with PCOS who were enrolled from the Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Maternal and Child Health Hospital, only 140 patients completed the study treatment protocol. The study was approved by Institutional ethical committee of Guangdong Maternal and Child Health Hospital. The study was conducted in accordance with the Good Clinical Practice guidelines and Declaration of Helsinki.

Considering that the prevalence of PCOS is 610%, a minimum sample size of 122 was required at a 1% level of significance with a power of 90%. However in order to account for any attrition, a total of 140 patients were enrolled.

Patients who qualified for PCOS as per the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology and the American Society of Reproductive Medicine at the Rotterdam Conference in 2003 [4] were included. Additionally, patients with no contraindication to oral contraceptives, who were confident of being compliant to the drug and provided informed consent were also included. On the other hand, patients with any contraindications to oral contraceptives; desirous of conception within 6months of inclusion in the study; diagnosed with concomitant hypothyroidism, hyperprolactinemia, diabetes mellitus, renal, or adrenal insufficiency; history of drug use for PCOS before inclusion in the study, and history of smoking and drug abuse were excluded from the study.

The patients at clinicians discretion received DRSP/EE tablets (Yousiyue, Bayer Medical and Health Company, Import Drug Registration No. H20140972). Each strip contained 28 tablets; 24 active tablets and 4 placebo tablets. Every active tablet contained 20g of EE and 3mg of DRSP. Patients were instructed to take oral DRSP/EE tablets (once daily before bedtime) on the 2nd day of menstruation or on the second day of withdrawal bleeding, for 28 consecutive days for 1cycle. There were 3 consecutive treatment cycles and patients were followed up for 3months of treatment.

Although, till date no established evidence exists whether a short- or a long-term usage of COC is beneficial in terms of efficacy and safety benefits, it is considered best to review the effects after 3months. Most studies show that unscheduled bleeding is more likely in the first cycle, and some show an improvement over the first 3months, with the incidence of unscheduled bleeding remaining constant from 4 to 12months for OC in Chinese women [15]. Thus, it is recommended that women experiencing unscheduled bleeding continue their method for at least 3months before seeking advice. With this background, we set up a 3month trial period to assess the effect of 3mg DRSP/20g EE in PCOS patients for 3months.

Baseline data were collected from the patients including demographic details such as age and presenting complaints (menstrual history, drug history, etc.). Patients weight was recorded using a digital scale, height using a stadiometer (Guangzhou Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau Guangzhou Institute of Metrology and Measurement Technology Measuring Instruments No. 794067), waist-hip ratio (WHR) was measured using a standard measuring tape and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Additionally, hormonal profile [leutinizing hormone (LH), follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone (T), free androgen index (FAI), androgen] and biochemical parameters[fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hourblood glucose (oral glucose tolerance test using 83g glucose in 250300ml water), fasting insulin (FINS), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C)] were measured using fasting blood samples followed by an overnight fast. Variation in Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was also assessed at end of treatment regimen [16].Ovarian volume was measured by gynecological ultrasonography (Samsung, specification model: H60, host serial number: S10LM3HHB00009A). After 3months of medication, the above indicators were reviewed and compared. Similarly, bleeding pattern during medication and presence of adverse reactions (ADRs) were also recorded.

Menstrual bleeding volume was categorized into drip, small, normal and large amount of bleeding. Drip bleeding was defined when the need of sanitary napkin was not required. When the volume was lesser than the normal menstrual bleeding, it was considered as small amount of bleeding and normal was when the bleeding volume was similar to normal menstrual cycle. Large amount of bleeding was defined as volume more than the regular cycle. As recommended by WHO, the 90days was considered as a reference period to calculate the amount / number of days and times of drip bleeding.

All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS16.0 software. Missing data were excluded from the analysis. Continuous data were expressed as meanstandard deviation and categorical data were expressed as percentages (%).25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles were also calculated. If the normal distribution was not met for Students t-test, the signed rank sum test of the paired design data was used and the difference was considered statistically significant at p<0.05.

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Effectiveness and safety assessment of drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol tablet in treatment of PCOS patients: a single center, prospective,...