A change in the law regarding surrogacy will allow single people to become parents via surrogacy.

Following a surrogate birth, English law continues to define the birth mother as the legal mother of the child, despite the fact that most such births involve the use of donated eggs. The status of parenthood must then be transferred via a parental order.

However, section 54 of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008 requires that applicants for a parental order must be:

(a) husband and wife,

(b) civil partners of each other, or

(c) two persons who are living as partners in an enduring family relationship and are not within prohibited degrees of relationship in relation to each other.

Last year, President of the Family Division Sir James Munby highlighted this exclusion of single commissioning parents, declaring that the law discriminates against them and breaches their human rights. He had been considering the case of a single man who had commissioned a child from a surrogate mother in the United States and was subsequently refused a parental order because he had no partner.

Now the government has officially announced plans to change the law.

Conservative Peer Baroness Chisholm told fellow members of the House of Lords:

[We have decided] the Governments response to the recent High Court judgment that declared that a provision in the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008which enables couples but not single people to obtain a parental order following surrogacyis incompatible with the Human Rights Act. We will, therefore, update the legislation on parental orders to ensure that it is compatible with the court judgment.

She announced plans for a remedial order that will place single people with a biological connection to the child on a level playing field with couples when applying for a parental order. Remedial orders are an occasionally used way of quickly altering legislation that has been found to breach human rights. They are placed before Parliament for just two periods before becoming law.

A recent written answer a question in the House of Lords suggests that the remedial order will be introduced in May. This could mean the change taking effect before the end of the summer. Reports also suggest the change is likely to be retrospective.

Photo byQuinn Dombrowski via Flickr under a Creative Commons licence

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New law allows single people to become parents via surrogacy - Marilyn Stowe Blog

Sir, William Reville (February 8th) argues that personhood is more properly defined by philosophy than by science. I agree with Prof Reville that the appropriate discipline is philosophy.

However, philosophy has to be informed by science. Furthermore, there is no consensus among philosophers about how personhood should be defined.

If we accept Prof Revilles definition in terms of thinking, anticipating, planning, and so on, then the weight of evidence is that human embryos are not persons. The weight of scientific evidence from embryology and neuroscience is not diminished by philosophical terms as functionalism or essentialism.

Functionalism, as understood by Prof Reville, leads to the startling conclusion that the status of both an embryo and a newborn baby are the same in terms of personhood. This radical and highly questionable claim needs to be evaluated with reference to scientific evidence, especially from neuroscience and psychology.

I am not arguing that the non-personhood of the embryo (or of the early-stage foetus), should deprive it of protection in law.

My contention is that it has implications for the Eighth Amendment which imposes a rigid balance of rights between the unborn and the mother. That balance of rights should, I believe, be adjusted in favour of the mother in cases of fatal foetal abnormalities/life-limiting conditions, rape, and elevated risks to long-term health, consistent with recent findings against Ireland by the UN human rights committee and Amnesty International. Yours, etc,

Dr DON OLEARY,

Mallow,

Co Cork.

Sir, No Irish person, who believes in the sanctity of the life of the unborn child and who holds intentional abortion to be profoundly immoral, has any faith whatsoever in the so-called Citizens Assembly and its consideration of the Eighth Amendment.

The Citizens Assembly is a stitch-up. It is a pretended consultation process by the Irish Government, which has already ridden roughshod over the consciences of TDs and party members on the deliberate killing of the unborn.

No one who regards abortion as evil is fooled by this State-sponsored, deeply biased charade. Let no one be fooled or hoodwinked. The Government, with the support of the international abortion industry and its many wealthy and powerful lobby groups, is hellbent upon repealing the Eighth Amendment.

Faithful Catholics, their fellow pro-life Christians, and those of all faiths and none who hold wilful abortion in abhorrence, must be vigilant and alert to the end-game of the deception being plotted. Yours, etc,

Fr PATRICK

McCAFFERTY, PP

Corpus Christi Parish,

Belfast 12.

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The Eighth Amendment - Irish Times

Representation from all ten CCRM locations were in attendance, including CCRM's new locations in Boston, Northern Virginia and San Francisco. The three new clinics are expected to open this summer.

"We could not be more proud of the success of our physician partners and staff. Dr. Schoolcraft has done an outstanding job of assembling a world class team of clinical, research and embryology talent. Great people all around," said CCRM CEO Jon Pardew.

CCRMFounded in 1987 by Dr. William Schoolcraft, the Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine (CCRM) is one of the nation's leading infertility treatment centers, providing a wide spectrum of infertility treatments ranging from basic infertility care to advanced in vitro fertilization (IVF) technology. CCRM has locations in Colorado, Atlanta, Houston, Minneapolis, New York, Orange County and Toronto, Canada. Locations in Boston, Northern Virginia and San Francisco are slated to open summer 2017. Dr. Schoolcraft and his colleagues achieve some of the highest pregnancy rates in the country. CCRM has been ranked "The #1 Fertility Center in the U.S. with the Greatest Chance of Success" by Child.com. To learn more, visit http://www.ccrmivf.com. Follow us on Facebook and Twitter.

Contacts:

Katie Trexler Kern, Evolution Communications Agency 303.941.4118 or katie@becausemessagematters.com

Sarah Stavros, CCRM Management Company 303.761.0579 or sstavros@colocrm.com

To view the original version on PR Newswire, visit:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/colorado-center-for-reproductive-medicine-hosts-annual-scientific-conference-300405764.html

SOURCE CCRM

http://www.ccrmivf.com

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Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine Hosts Annual Scientific Conference - PR Newswire (press release)

Photo by Sara Landis

Keith Bramwell, extension reproductive physiologist, assists a student during an embryology workshop at the Open House hosted by the Center of Excellence for Poultry Science.

FAYETTEVILLE, Ark. The Center of Excellence for Poultry Science at the U of Arecently sponsored an Open House for high school juniors, seniorsand college transfer students. Fifty participating students came from Missouri, Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Illinois and Arkansas, and included prospective 3-plus-1 program transfer students from the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff and Arkansas State University.

The 3-plus-1 Certificate of Poultry Science program allows for agriculture majors with an animal science option at UAPB to take poultry science classes at the University of Arkansas as seniors. Those courses are recognized by UAPB's School of Agriculture, Fisheries and Human Sciences, and count toward degree requirements. At the same time, those students earn a Certificate of Poultry Science from the University of Arkansas. Completion of the certificate requires 26-28 hours of poultry science credit.

The Open House provided an opportunity for prospective students to meet poultry science faculty, tour poultry science facilities and learn about the many career opportunities available with a major in poultry science. There were three workshops students participated in: Cell and Molecular Biology, Embryologyand Food Product Technology.

"The Center of Excellence for Poultry Science Open House was a real eye opening experience for our UAPB students," said UAPB interim assistant dean for academic programs and extension livestock specialist David Fernandez. "Having the abilityto physically see the opportunities they would have as part of the UAF/UAPB 3-plus-1 Poultry Science Program generated a lot of excitement and discussion about their future plans."

Students participated in the Open House and afterwardattended the Arkansas-LSU basketball game.

Editor-selected comments will be published below. No abusive material, personal attacks, profanity, spam or material of a similar nature will be considered for publication.

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Center of Excellence for Poultry Science Hosts Open House for High School, Transfer Students - University of Arkansas Newswire

PortCityDaily.com is your source for free news and information in the Wilmington area.

WILMINGTON 4-H volunteers from across North Carolina gathered Feb. 4 to celebrate their accomplishments through the North Carolina 4-H State Awards Recognition program. The awards ceremony was held at the Sheraton Imperial Hotel and Convention Center in Durham, N.C., and was attended by 4-H awards delegates, their families, 4-H staff members and volunteers, industry partners and sponsors.

Related reading:Communities In Schools: Changing lives one student at a time in Brunswick County

Melissa Hight of Wilmington, was recognized for outstanding service and commitment to the 4-H school enrichment program, Embryology in the Classroom. Melissa has made tremendous improvements to the program that brings fertilized chicken eggs to 2nd graders across New Hanover County. She also obtained funding from New Hanover County Farm Bureau to sponsor this program.

Melissa has brought embryology to several new schools, extending our reach to over 100 additional students this year. She also shares a lesson from the 4-H Embryology curriculum with students, going above and beyond by bringing props and energy with her. She leaves each classroom with a book about chickens and Im an EGG-cellent Kid! stickers.

These changes have taken a good program and made it great. Not only are students learning important facts about the life cycle of a chicken, they are also learning what 4-H is about and that it can be fun.

Leslie Dill serves as New Hanover Countys 4-H Agent. She received a B.A. in animal science from The Ohio State University and an M.A. in agriculture and extension education from N.C. State University. She can be reached at 910-798-7660 or leslie_dill@ncsu.edu.

4-H, the largest youth development organization in the world, is a community of seven million young people across the globe learning leadership, citizenship, and life skills. To learn more about New Hanover County 4-H, visit newhanover.ces.ncsu.edu.

-Content provided by Leslie Dill, 4-H Youth Development

This content was provided by a community member via Local Shout, a new initiative at Port City Daily. Port City Daily cannot guarantee the accuracy of information presented in this story. If you have additional information or would like to submit a story, please contact shout@portcitydaily.com.

4-H, 4H, Local Shout, Melissa Hight

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Wilmington volunteer recognized with 4-H state award - Port City Daily

After 44 years and more than 58 million aborted babies, I don't know how anyone can continue to ignore the March For Life.

I don't know how anyone can ignore the science of an ultrasound picture and deny that it is a baby in the womb. Children are not like bad teeth one yanks out because they produce pain or are inconvenient.

In this day and age, if you are educated in basic science, you must reject abortion on the basis that all individual citizens are equal, and the freedom of choice is for choices that do not hurt or exterminate other human individuals.

Science shows the baby has separate DNA that is different from the mother's. The new human has a genetic composition that is absolutely unique, different from any other human that has ever existed, including that of his or her mother. You can find this information in any basic textbook of embryology.

Scientist don't argue against this.

Unlike climate change, this really is settled science. We all have an unalienable right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

Robert Rittmann, Sun Prairie

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Abortion is really settled science -- Robert Rittmann - Madison.com

Day 1: The Journey Begins

The Egg Yolk

An infertile and a fertile egg. Can you tell the difference? The white chalazae is much more prominent in the infertile egg. However there is no correlation between fertility and the size of the chalazae. The chalazae is composed of mucin fibers; mucin is a special kind of structural protein. The chalazae holds the yolk in place within the egg.

In the infertile egg, on the left, the nucleus is merely a light spot on the yolk. The egg on the right is fertilized. In the fertilized egg the ovum has fused with a sperm to begin forming an embryo. By the time the fertilized egg is laid, many cells are divided on the surface of the yolk and formed a blastoderm. Can you see the difference between the nucleus of the infertile egg and the blastoderm of the fertilized egg? Both are indicated by the blue arrow.

- Page 3 of 12 -

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Chickscope 1.5: Explore: Embryology: Day 1 - The Journey ...

Tell us about your businesses, Caroline.

I run two businesses. Alba SEO services provides digital marketing services to Scottish based SMEs whilst Fertility Clinics Abroad is an online portal which provides impartial information and advice to people seeking fertility treatment outside of the UK.

And how did you get from working as an embryologist to running your own business?

After completing my PhD from Edinburgh University in Mammalian Embryology followed by a two year research project, I began working as an embryologist at the London Fertility Centre Harley Street and then as a senior clinical embryologist at the IVF Unit at the Chelsea and Westminster Hospital. In 1996, I decided to move back home to Edinburgh and took up another two year research post.

The research was successful, but the project was moving to Western Australia with my research leader and I wasnt keen to move, so I began thinking about a change of career. I was looking for a more stable job with set hours lab work is great but the hours can be inconsistent.

I went back to university again and attained an MSc Diploma in Information Technology from Napier University which was a springboard to a graduate entry with the IT services department at the Royal Bank of Scotland. I had always had an interest in IT, so this was my chance to gain some experience in a new field. I got the job and ended up working at the Bank for 12 years.

I was part of a team that processed the money that went through the ATM machines, before moving to the service improvement department. Working part-time suited me as I had a young family and it fitted in with my work-life balance.

In 2011 I was made redundant and so an opportunity was opened up for me. I had been thinking about starting a business that utilised my skills in IT and my knowledge and experience in embryology and Fertility Clinics Abroad seemed like the perfect fit.

My work as a senior embryologist made me realise how little information was available to people looking into fertility options outside of the UK there was a real gap in the market for a one stop shop service where you could access all the required information from one place. When the opportunity arose to set something like this up, I felt compelled to go for it.

Once Fertility Clinics Abroad was up and running, the idea to set up a separate digital marketing company came pretty quickly. FCA is a web based platform, so I knew that I needed to improve my website ranking to attract more people to the site. I started reading and buying books about Search Engine Optimisation. I spent about a year on my own site and achieved a page one Google ranking - I thought to myself, if I can do that on my site, why can't I apply what I know to others?

So that's exactly what I did. I created another business called Alba SEO Services, built a website and proceeded to get it to the top of Google too. By doing that, I got noticed and businesses started to come to me for help. At that point Alba was officially born! Now I run FCA and Alba in conjunction with each other. In fact, FCA could be considered a client of Alba.

Was there a desire to run your own business generally?

The desire has definitely always been there. I have always craved the flexibility and freedom that comes with running your own business. There is something refreshing about managing a small business I am used to the bureaucracy of large corporations that that can be slow and cumbersome in comparison to SMEs. When you have your own business, you can introduce and test news ideas, bring in new revenue streams, experiment without any proverbial hoops to jump through. You are the master of your own destiny, if you will.

How did you learn all of the skills you need to be successful marketing, bookkeeping etc?

Most of the SEO skills I needed to set up Alba were self-taught and came about from running Fertility Clinics Abroad. I read books, did a lot of online research and learnt by testing things on my own site.

You could say my first company was the training ground for the second business I set up. Of course I also learnt a lot while working at RBS bookkeeping, processing records, team building, people management where all part of my role at the bank and put me in good steads for setting up my own company.

However I think any business owner would admit that no-one goes into business knowing everything there is an element of learning on the job. Its ok to make mistakes as long as you adapt and learn from them.

Why is there a need for your business?

Everything is online these days and most people use Google to find a business, or to buy a product or service. If your business is hidden on page two of Google, you won't get found.

So all businesses need to step up their marketing and make their websites as search friendly as possible. We are seeing demand from companies of all sizes soar everyone wants a website and everyone wants their website to be sitting at the top of Google searches.

Of course, increasing competition makes achieving this goal harder to come by, which is why companies that provide specialist SEO and digital marketing services are in big demand.

What does the future hold for your businesses?

We are hoping to grow Alba over the next few years. This time last year there were two of us, now there are four, so we are moving in the right direction. In the future, Id like to be more hands off so I can manage the business rather than implementing campaigns and getting involved with the day to day work. Id say working on the business rather than working in the business.

Im potentially looking to take someone on to take on more of the account management role to allow me to step back a little.

Regarding FCA were looking to become the number one place to go for impartial, high quality information about fertility treatment abroad key to this is having a critical mass of clinics listed so that I can give a truly representative view of the industry across Europe.

However, Im not really looking to grow in the sense of employing people or generating new revenue streams. Its more about improving the quality and quantity of information we provide

Read more:
The embryologist entrepreneur - BQ Live

Genetics is a discipline of the Biological sciences that studies personal traits the human or living organism inherit from its ancestors through genes and Embryology studies the development of the fertilized embryo from the ovum to the fetus stage.

Journal of Human Genetics and Embryology is a peer reviewed scientific journal known for rapid dissemination of high-quality research. This Human Genetics Journal with high impact factor offers an open access platform to the authors in academia and industry to publish their novel research in the mode of original articles, review articles, case reports, short communications, etc. It serves the International Scientific Community with its standard research publications.

This scholarly publishing is using Editorial Manager System for quality in the review process. Editorial Manager is an online manuscript submission, review and tracking system. Review process is performed by the editorial board members of Human Genetics & Embryology journal or outside experts; at least two independent reviewers approval followed by the editor is required for the acceptance of any citable manuscript. Authors may submit manuscripts and track their progress through the system, hopefully to publication. Reviewers can download manuscripts and submit their opinions to the editor. Editors can manage the whole submission/review/revise/publish process.

Human genetics is the study of inheritance in human beings. Human characteristics are inherited from parents to offspring in discrete unites called genes. Genes consist of specific information coded in the chromosome that consists of segments of chromosomes. Human genetics includes a variety of overlapping fields like classical, molecular, biochemical, population, developmental, clinical and cytogenetics.

Related Journals of Human Genetics

Human Genetics and Embryology,Journal of Cytology & Histology,Hereditary Genetics: Current Research,General Medicine: Open Access,Journal of Molecular and Genetic Medicine,Immunogenetics: Open Access, American Journal of Human Genetics, Annals of Human Genetics, Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics, Current Protocols in Human Genetics, European Journal of Human Genetics, Human Genetics, Twin Research and Human Genetics, International Journal of Human Genetics, Journal of Human Genetics

Genome biology deals with genomes. Genomes are the genetic material of an organism. They consists of DNA or RNA. Genome includes both the genes and as well as non-coding sequences of DNA or RNA.

Related Journals of Genome Biology

Human Genetics and Embryology,Cellular and Molecular Biology,Transcriptomics: Open Access,Journal of Probiotics & Health,Advancements in Genetic Engineering,Journal of Next Generation Sequencing & Applications,Genome Biology, Genome Biology and Evolution, Advances in Genome Biology, Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics, Annals of Human Genetics

Mendelian genetics are the set of theories proposed by Gregor Johann Mendel. Mendelian genetics tends to explain inheritance and biological diversity regarding the transmission of genetic characters from parents to offsprings. These are based on statistical analysis and scientific breeding experiments on pea plants. Mendelian genetics is used to study the pattern of segregation of phenotypes under the control of genes taken one at a time.

Related Journals of Mendelian Genetics Human Genetics and Embryology,Journal of medical Microbiology and Medicine, Journal of phylogenetics and Evolutionary Biology, Journal of Molecular and Genetic Medicine,Trends in Genetics, Tree Genetics and Genomes, Topics in Current Genetics-TAG, Theoretical and applied genetics,Theoretische and angewandte Genetik, Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Russian Journal of Genetics

Genetic linkagesis the tendency of alleles that are located close together on a chromosome to be inherited together during meiosis. Genes whose loci are nearer to each other are less likely to be separated onto different chromatids during chromosomal crossover, and are therefore said to be genetically linked. In other words, the nearer two genes are on a chromosome, the lower is the chance of a swap occurring between them, and the more likely they are to be inherited together.

Related Journals of Genetic Linkage Human Genetics and Embryology,Cellular and Molecular Biology, Herediatry Genetics: Current Research,Journal of Molecular and Genetic Medicine,Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms, Molecular Medicine, Genetics Selection Evolution, Chromosoma, Journal of Medical Genetics, Evolution-international journal of organic evolution, PLoS Genetics

Genetic code helps in carrying the information of living cells by DNA and RNA molecules. The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) is translated into proteins by living cells. This help in determining the amino acid sequence used in the synthesis of an organism proteins. It is the basis of heredity. It is universal in all organisms.

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Gene mapping is any method used for determining the location of gene and relative distances between genes on a chromosome. gene maps are used for linkage analysis. Relative positions of genes can be determined by inheritance patterns. locating and identifying genes in a genetic map is known as gene mapping or genetic mapping.

Related Journals of Genome Mapping Human Genetics and Embryology,Journal of Molecular and Genetic Medicine,Biology and Medicine,Cellular and Molecular Biology,Genome Mapping and Genomics in Animals, Human Brain Mapping, Mapping and Image Science, Genome Mapping and Genomics in Animals, American Journal of Human Genetics

Huntington disease is an inherited disease.Huntington disease causes the degeneration of nerve cells in brain. This leads to functional inabilities and psychiatric disorders. Huntington disease also affects muscle coordination. It is caused by an inherited defect in a single gene. Gene that causes Huntington disease is HIT gene. Symptoms of the disease can vary between individuals and affected members of the same family, but usually progress predictably.

Related Journals of Huntington Disease Human Genetics and Embryology,Journal of Medical Microbiology and Diagnosis,Journal of Phylogenetics and Evolutionary Biology, Biology and Medicine, American Journal of Medical Genetics - Seminars in Medical Genetics, American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part A, American Journal of Medical Genetics-Part B, Neuropsychiatric Genetics, American Journal of Medical Genetics, Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Annual Review of Genetics, BAG - Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics

Embryology is a branch of biology. Embryology is the state of embryo development from the fertilization of the ovum to the fetus stage. Embryology deals with the origin, growth and development of an embryo. cells which result after fertilisation is termed as an embryo. After eight weeks the developed embryo can be termed as fetus. there are different stages of embryonic development. the study of embryo is also known as embryology.

Related Journals of Embryology Human Genetics and Embryology,Journal of Phylogenetic Evolutionary Biology,Biology and Medicine, Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology, Romanian journal of morphology and embryology, Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology, Neuroembryology, International Journal of Embryology

Human fertilization is a union of egg and sperm resulting in a fertilized egg, also called as zygote. Fertilization takes place inside the fallopian tube. Embryogenesis starts with fertilization of egg cell. Embryogenesis forms and develop the embryo.

Related Journals of Human Fertilization and Embryogenesis Human Genetics and Embryology,Molecular Biology, Journal of Medicine Microbiology and Diagnosis, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Herediatry Genetics: Current Research, Journal of embryo transfer, Journal of In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer, Iraqi Journal of Embryos and Infertility Research, Zygote, Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology

Correlative embryology is a branch of embryology. It is used to compare and contrasts embryos of different species. Correlative embryology is used to show how all animals are related. Many things are compared, whether or not the organism has a notochord or whether or not it has gill arches. All embryos pass from single cells to multi celled zygotes, clumps of cells called morulas and hallow balls of cells called blastula before they differentiate into organs and systems of body. Many components go into Comparative Embryology and about the developmental similarities between species can be taken from its study, which many conclusions can be drawn.

Related Journals of Comparative Embryology Human Genetics and Embryology,Journal of Molecular and Genetic Medicine,Biology and Medicine,Journal of Medicine Mcrobiology and Diagnosis, International Journal of Embryology, Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology, Anatomical Record Part A, The Discoveries in Molecular Cellular and Evolutionary Biology, Animal Reproduction, Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, Applied Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Morphology

Embryonic development takes 8weeks to the embryo to develop. human embryo development depends on stem cells. During embryonic development cells divide, migrate and specialize. Early development stages forms a group of cells called inner cell mass which are able to produce all tissues of the body. Later during gastrulation period, the three germ layers are formed and most cells become restricted in type of cells that they produce.

Related Journals of Embryonic Development Human Genetics and Embryology,Cellular and Molecular Biology, Herediatry Genetics: Current Research,Biology and Medicine,Zoomorphology, TSW Development & Embryology, Tissue and Cell, Stem Cells and Development, Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics, Sexual Development, Russian Journal of Developmental Biology

Morphogenesis is an embryological process of differentiation of cells, tissues and organs and the development of organ systems according to genetic blueprint of the organism and environmental conditions. Morphogenesis is the development of biology along with the control of growth and cellular differentiation.

Related Journals of Morphohenesis Human Genetics and Embryology,Journal of Phylogenetics and Evolutiomnary Biology, Herediatry Genetics: Current Research, Journal of Molecular and Genetic Medicine, Biology and Medicine,Journal of Medical MIcrobiology and Diagnosis, Biology and Medicine, General Medine: Open Access, Journal of Molecular and Genetic Medicine, Journal of Morphology, Journal of Anatomy, Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology, Human Reproduction, Reproduction, Fertility and Development, Molecular Reproduction and Development,

Sex chromosomes are either a pair of chromosomes that determines whether an individual is male or female. Sex chromosomes are designated as X and Y. There are 23 pairs of sex chromosomes. The other 22 chromosome are called as autosomes. chromosome which differs from shape or function of other chromosome that determines the sex of child. If the sex chromosome is Xy then it is male child and if sex chromosome is XY then it is female child. sex chromosomes carry those genes that control development of reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics.

Related Journals of Sex chromosomes Human Genetics and Embryology,Journal of Medical Microbiology and Diagnosis, Journal of Phylogenetics and Evolutionary Biology, Genes Chromosomes and Cancer, Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer - Index Copernicus, European Journal of Human Genetics, Journal of Genomics

Journal of Human Genetics and Embryology is associated with our international conference " 5th International Conference and Exhibition on Cell & Gene Therapy during May 19-21, 2016 at San Antonio, USA. We are particularly interested in research area Human genetics, Genome Sequencing, Embryology, Human fertilization, Genetic Disorders, Embryonic Development, Genetic code, Fertilization, Comparative Embryology, genome biology.

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Embryology Journals | Peer Reviewed | High Impact Articles ...

The most interesting in connection with oogenesis is the development of the different follicle stages. The complex processes that are connected with it are treated in the fertilization module.

Following the immigration of the primordial germ cells into the gonadal ridge, they proliferate, are enveloped by coelomic epithelial cells, and form germinal cords that , though, keeptheir connection with the coelom epithelium. Now a cortical zone(cortex ovarii) and a medulla can be distinguished, whereby itshould be mentioned that in females the germinal cords neverpenetrate into the medullary zone. In the genital primordium thefollowing processes then take place:

More info

Stages of the first meiotic prophase of the oocyte.

From birth there are thus two different structures to be distinguished that, at least conceptually, do not develop further synchronously:

Birth The continuation of the development / maturation of the oocyte begins again only a few days before ovulation (see fertilization module).

Since a follicle can die at any moment in its development (= atresia), not all reach the tertiary follicle stage.

The sex hormones influence the primordial follicles to grow and a restructuring to take place. From the primordial follicles the primary follicles, secondary follicles, and tertiary follicles develop in turn. Only a small percentage of the primordial follicles reach the tertiary follicle stage - the great majority meet their end beforehand in the various maturation stages. Large follicles leave scars behind in the cortical compartment and the small ones disappear without a trace. The tertiary follicles get to be the largest and, shortly before ovulation, can attain a diameter up to 2.5 mm through a special spurt of growth. They are then termed graafian follicles.

Fig. 18 The follicles in various stages are shown in the ovarian cortical compartment. This very schematic drawing shows the relationships shortly before ovulation. In reality the primordial follicles are the most prevalent numerically.

More information to this diagram

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Oogenesis - Embryology