Category Archives: Cell Biology

Cell Biology

Artisan Bio Announces Global Research and Discovery Collaboration Agreement with Takeda to Develop Next-Generation Cell Therapy Products – PRNewswire

DENVER, Jan. 15, 2020 /PRNewswire/ --Artisan Bio, Inc., a stealth cell therapy engineering company, today announced it has entered into a global research and collaboration agreement with Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited ("Takeda") for the discovery, development, and commercialization of novel cell therapy products.

Under the terms of the agreement, Artisan Bio will deploy its STAR platform and synthetic biology expertise to construct customized and precisely engineered cell therapies. Artisan will lead discovery efforts, including gene editing, and Takeda will be responsible for the development, manufacturing, and commercialization of the resulting cell therapy products.

"We are thrilled to collaborate with Takeda and combine our advanced cell engineering capabilities with Takeda's visionary cellular therapy programs," said Ryan T. Gill, CEO of Artisan Bio. "Many limitations that exist in current generation cell therapies can be addressed through the precision engineering of cells for enhanced performance. This collaboration will accelerate the availability of more effective next-generation cellular therapies for patients with high unmet needs."

About Artisan Bio:Artisan's vision is to design, build, and deliver cells and precision engineering processes thatadvance cellular therapies across a broad range of human health indications. The company's designer cell engineering and data analysisSTARplatform enables partners to more rapidly and cost effectively generate safer and more efficacious cell therapies. By engaging in strategic collaborations with innovativepartners, Artisan seeks to deliver customizable cellengineering solutions that meet the complexitiesassociatedwith next-generation cell therapies. Artisan has offices in Denver, Colorado and Copenhagen, Denmark.

For more information, please visithttp://artisancells.com/.

Contact: Tanya Warnecke,info@artisanbio.com

SOURCE Artisan Bio

ArtisanBio

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Artisan Bio Announces Global Research and Discovery Collaboration Agreement with Takeda to Develop Next-Generation Cell Therapy Products - PRNewswire

Cell Biology

The new CEO overseeing The Guardian has a Ph.D. in cell biology and neuroscience – Nieman Journalism Lab at Harvard

The Guardian has a new business-side leader: Annette Thomas, a veteran of the academic publishing world, will assume the role of CEO of Guardian Media Group in March.

When she does, she may well be the only head of a major media company to also have a Ph.D. in cell biology and neuroscience.

Thomas might seem to lack experience in the traditional news business, but shes been highly successful in scientific publishing, which has seen its own share of digital transformation in the past two decades. After grad school, she began as an editor at the journal Nature and stayed at its parent company, MacMillan Publishing, in various roles for 23 years, the last nine of them as CEO, overseeing its merger with Springer Nature. (Macmillan Publishing also included more consumer-facing publications, notably Scientific American.) Most recently, she was chief executive of Web of Science Group, a data, analytics, and software business focused on research and higher education that is part of Clarivate Analytics. She serves on the boards of Yale and Cambridge University Press.

Per The Guardian:

Neil Berkett, the chair of the GMG board, which made the appointment, said Thomas was well-equipped to deal with the challenges ahead. He said: Our journalism has had a stellar 12 months, and remains world class. Even so, its clear that well continue to face big headwinds in the global media sector in 2020 and beyond.

Her track record is exceptional she has consistently delivered sustainable growth through deep engagement with end-users, championing innovative new business models with more open access to content and data, and building diverse and inclusive management teams.

Her role was previously filled by David Pemsel, who announced last year he was leaving to become CEO of the English Premier League. (He ended up resigning from that role before he ever started after sexual harassment claims surfaced from his time at The Guardian.) At Guardian Media Group, he was making 706,000 a year ($917,492); todays announcement doesnt disclose Thomas salary.

Thomas appointment means that both the editorial and business sides of The Guardian are led by women. (Katharine Viner became editor in 2015.) And Thomas, who is of African-American and German descent, has now reached a level of power that few women of color have in the news business.

If youre looking to learn more about Thomas, heres an interview she did while CEO of Macmillan in 2011, and here are two talks she gave in 2018 while at Clarivate, the second on The Future of Research Information: Open, Connected, Seamless.

You can find the full announcement here.

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The new CEO overseeing The Guardian has a Ph.D. in cell biology and neuroscience - Nieman Journalism Lab at Harvard

Cell Biology

The Acetone Indigo Red Dehydrating Agent IF203 Induces HepG2 Cell Deat | OTT – Dove Medical Press

Yinghui Shang, 1 Qinghai Wang, 2 Jian Li, 1 Qiangqiang Zhao, 1 Xueyuan Huang, 1 Hang Dong, 1 Haiting Liu, 1 Ye Zhang, 3 Junhua Zhang, 1 Rong Gui, 1 Xinmin Nie 4

1Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Peoples Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Peoples Republic of China; 3Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, Peoples Republic of China; 4Clinical Laboratory of the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Peoples Republic of China

Correspondence: Rong GuiDepartment of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 138 TongziPo Street, Changsha, Hunan 410013, Peoples Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-731-8861 8513Email aguirong@163.comXinmin NieClinical Laboratory of the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, No. 138 TongziPo Street, Changsha, Hunan 410013, Peoples Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-731-8861 8577Email niexinmin7440@sina.com

Background: Isatin derivatives have extensive biological activities, such as antitumor. IF203, a novel isatin derivative, has not previously been reported to have antitumor activity.Methods: Acid phosphatase assays (APAs) and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry were used to detect the proliferation of HepG2 cells. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was applied to detect ultrastructural changes. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect cell cycle, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of HepG2 cells in vitro. TUNEL, MMP and ROS immunofluorescence assays were applied to assess apoptosis, MMP, and ROS of HepG2 cells in vivo. Western Blotting was applied to assess the levels of apoptosis- and autophagy-related proteins.Results: In this study, in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that IF203 possesses antitumor activity. The results of APAs and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry demonstrated that IF203 could inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells. Cell cycle assays, downregulation of Cyclin B1 and Cdc2, and upregulation of P53 suggested that IF203 could lead to G2/M cell cycle arrest. In addition, ultrastructural changes, apoptosis assays, TUNEL immunofluorescence results, upregulated expression of Bax, and downregulated expression of Bcl-2 suggest that IF203 can induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells. After IF203 treatment, intracellular ROS levels increased, MMP decreased, JC-1 green fluorescence was enhanced, and the levels of Caspase-9, Caspase-3 and Cytochrome C expression were upregulated, suggesting that IF203 could induce apoptosis of HepG2 cells through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Moreover, characteristic apoptotic ultrastructural changes were accompanied by the appearance of many autophagy bubbles and upregulation of Atg5, Atg12, ULK1, Beclin-1 and LC3-II proteins, suggesting that IF203 could induce autophagy in HepG2 cells.Conclusion: This study showed that IF203 leads to the death of HepG2 cells through cell cycle arrest, apoptotic induction, and autophagy promotion.

Keywords: acetone indigo red dehydrating agent, IF203, cell cycle arrest, autophagy, apoptosis

This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution - Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License.By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms.

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The Acetone Indigo Red Dehydrating Agent IF203 Induces HepG2 Cell Deat | OTT - Dove Medical Press

Cell Biology

Investigational drugs block bone loss in mice receiving chemotherapy – Mirage News

Bone loss that can lead to osteoporosis and fractures is a major problem for cancer patients who receive chemotherapy and radiation. Since the hormone estrogen plays an important role in maintaining bone health, bone loss is especially pronounced among postmenopausal women with breast cancer who are treated using therapies aimed at eliminating estrogen.

Men and children treated for other cancers also experience bone loss, suggesting that eliminating estrogen is not the only trigger leading to bone degeneration.

Studying mice, researchers from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have found a driver of bone loss related to cancer treatment. They have shown that radiation and chemotherapy can halt cell division in bone, which results in a stress response referred to as senescence. According to the new study, cell senescence drives bone loss in female mice beyond that seen from the absence of estrogen alone. The researchers further found that this process occurs in males and females and is independent of cancer type. And perhaps most importantly, the researchers showed that such bone loss can be stopped by treating the mice with either of two investigational drugs already being evaluated in clinical trials.

The study appears Jan. 13 in Cancer Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.

Researchers have understood that this bone loss has to be due to more than just hormone loss, said senior author Sheila A. Stewart, professor of cell biology & physiology. Cancer patients who receive chemotherapy and radiation lose a lot more bone than women with breast cancer treated with aromatase inhibitors, which eliminate estrogen. And children who have not yet gone through puberty, and arent making much estrogen, also lose bone. We wanted to understand what causes bone loss beyond a lack of estrogen and whether we can do anything to stop it.

Stopping bone loss could improve quality of life for cancer patients. Bone loss leads to an increased risk of fractures that continues many years after treatment. This loss of bone density makes it much more likely that patients will develop fractures in the pelvis, hips and spine, which affect mobility and increase the risk of death.

The researchers studied bone loss in mice treated with two common chemotherapy drugs doxorubicin and paclitaxel as well as in mice that received radiation to one limb, to understand whether the bone loss effects were similar in different types of cancer therapies. In all situations, the treatments induced the process of cellular senescence.

Senescence is a chronic stress response in a cell that stops it from dividing and also results in the release of many molecules, some of which we showed drive bone loss, said Stewart, who is also the associate director for basic sciences at Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine.

The cells in mouse bones that were most affected by the cancer therapies included those responsible for bone remodeling. These are sets of cells that strike a vital balance between dismantling old bone and building new bone in its place. This balance is disturbed in conditions such as osteoporosis, in which the bone-building cells can no longer keep up with the bone-dismantling cells. The new study suggests that the balance is even more off-kilter following cancer therapy: Bone-building cell activity slows down, and the activity of cells that remove old bone actually accelerates.

The researchers showed they could prevent bone loss in the mice if they took steps to remove the cells that are no longer dividing, thus eliminating the molecular signals that the cells produce that drive bone loss. Toward possible therapies, Stewart and her colleagues then showed they could achieve a similar effect with two different types of compounds that block these molecular signals.

The investigational drugs, a p38MAPK inhibitor and a MK2 inhibitor, block different parts of the same pathway leading to bone loss. Stewart and her colleagues also published a study in 2018 showing that the two inhibitors slowed the growth of metastatic breast cancer in mice. The p38MAPK inhibitor is being tested in U.S. clinical trials for inflammatory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). And the MK2 inhibitor is about to be evaluated as a therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.

Cancer patients at risk of bone loss often are treated with drugs for osteoporosis, including bisphosphonates and denosumab. Both have some undesirable side effects, such as muscle and bone pain and, because of the way they work, they may be less desirable for children whose bones are still growing.

The inhibitors we studied have extremely low toxicity, so we are interested in exploring whether they could be an improved option to stop bone loss in children receiving cancer therapy, Stewart said. Were also interested in pursuing a clinical trial to evaluate these drugs in women with metastatic breast cancer to see if we can slow metastatic growth and also preserve bone health in these patients.

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Investigational drugs block bone loss in mice receiving chemotherapy - Mirage News

Cell Biology

Clever Decoy That Neutralizes Viruses Points Way to Treat Viruses That Cross From Animals to Humans – SciTechDaily

The active part of Arenacept is shown as a rainbow-colored ribbon bound to the receptor-binding domain of Macho virus (grey surface representation). Credit: Weizmann Institute of Science

A host of disease-causing viruses called arenaviruses lurk in animal populations in various parts of the world, sometimes crossing over into humans. When they do cross over, they can be lethal, and only very few treatments exist. Researchers led by scientists at the Weizmann Institute of Science have now devised a clever decoy for these viruses that may keep them from spreading in the body.

Two disease-causing arenaviruses, known as Junn and Machupo, circulate through rodent populations, mainly in South America, and they can infect humans when people come in contact with affected rodents. Similar to Ebola, these diseases can cause the body to bleed out, and the only treatments, to date, are risky and complex, as they are taken from the blood of survivors.

The present study, which was reported in the journal Nature Communications on January 3, 2020, arose from an earlier research question in the group of Dr. Ron Diskin of the Institutes Structural Biology Department: how are certain arenaviruses able to move from rodents or other animals into humans? Comparing these viruses with members of the arenavirus family that are not infectious to humans, the researchers noted that the non-infectious viruses did not completely fit a particular receptor a protein complex on the cell membrane that serves as a viral entry point into human cells. But curiously, those that do infect humans were also not a perfect fit. They were just good enough to get by.

This observation led to another insight: Maybe the rodent cell receptors, which were a much better fit to the entry proteins on the viruses, could be used to intercept the viruses and lure them away from the human cells. There had been earlier attempts to develop such decoys sticky molecules designed to attract virus proteins explains Diskin, but these were based on the structures of human receptors, so they were identical to the ones on the bodys cells and thus unable to compete effectively. In contrast, a molecule based on a rodent receptor, he and his team reasoned, could far outcompete the human ones for binding to the virus.

Dr. Hadas Cohen-Dvashi, in Diskins group, led the next stage of the research, in which she surgically removed the very tip of the rodent receptor to which the virus binds and engineered it onto part of an antibody. The newly resulting molecule was called Arenacept.

Then the group began testing this molecule at first against pseudoviruses, engineered virus-like complexes which carry the entry proteins but that are not dangerous. Already at this stage, and in collaboration with the group of Dr. Vered Paler-Karavani of Tel Aviv University, the researchers noted that Arenacept not only bound strongly to the viruses, it recruited parts of the immune system to mount an attack against the viral invasion.

The next stages of testing took place in labs in the University of Texas, Galveston, USA, and in the Pasteur Institute, Lyon, France, which are equipped to test pathogens at the highest safety levels (BSL-4). Here, Arenacept was pitted against human receptors in lab tests simulating attacks by two of the real pathogenic viruses the Junn and Machupo viruses.

The researchers found Arenacept to be highly effective at sticking strongly to the viruses before these viruses could bind to the human receptors, and as with the pseudoviruses, they noted the activation of the immune response.

Because Arenacept is based on the entry point shared by all viruses in a given family, rather than on individual characteristics of each virus (as is the case with vaccines or antibodies), it should be equally effective against all the viruses in this family that cross to humans from animals and for that utilize the same receptor. It might even be effective against viruses from the same family that have not yet been discovered or newly-emergent ones, says Diskin.

All signs suggest Arenacept is non-toxic, and that it is also heat-resistant and stable, meaning it could be delivered to the remote areas where these diseases are endemic, he says. And the idea of creating decoys from mammal receptors might be applied to all sorts of other diseases that cross to humans from animals. Yeda Research and Development, the technology transfer arm of the Weizmann Institute of Science, has received a patent for Arenacept and is working with Diskin to advance clinical research.

Reference: Rational design of universal immunotherapy for TfR1-tropic arenaviruses by Hadas Cohen-Dvashi, Ron Amon, Krystle N. Agans, Robert W. Cross, Aliza Borenstein-Katz, Mathieu Mateo, Sylvain Baize, Vered Padler-Karavani, Thomas W. Geisbert and Ron Diskin, 3 January 2020, Nature Communications.DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13924-6

Also participating in this research were Aliza Borenstein-Katz of the Weizmann Institute of Science; Ron Amon of Tel Aviv University; Krystle N. Agans, Robert W. Cross and Thomas W. Geisbert of the University of Texas; and Mathieu Mateo, Sylvain Baize of the Pasteur Institute.

Dr. Ron Diskins research is supported by theMoross Integrated Cancer Center; theDr. Barry Sherman Institute for Medicinal Chemistry; theJeanne and Joseph Nissim Center for Life Sciences Research; and the estate of Emile Mimran.

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Clever Decoy That Neutralizes Viruses Points Way to Treat Viruses That Cross From Animals to Humans - SciTechDaily

Cell Biology

Douglas Hanahan Appointed Distinguished Scholar of the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research – Newswise

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Newswise JANUARY 14, 2020, New York Ludwig Cancer Research is pleased to announce the appointment of Douglas Hanahan as a Distinguished Scholar at the Lausanne Branch of the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research. A pioneering molecular biologist and renowned cancer researcher, Hanahan has made several seminal discoveries in cancer biology and immunology over the course of his career.

Everybody working in cancer research today knows of Dougs iconic work, since much of it has had a profound influence on the field, said Chi Van Dang, scientific director of the Ludwig Institute. He continues to do outstanding, multidisciplinary research, providing significant insights into mechanisms of cancer progression and the tumor microenvironment. Ludwig researchers will benefit enormously from the insights and mentorship of such an accomplished scientist. We couldnt be happier to have him on board.

While still a Harvard graduate student working at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in New York in the 1970s, Hanahan developed new and more efficient methods for gene cloning and bacterial genetic engineering. After earning his PhD, Hanahan stayed on at Cold Spring Harbor and by the late 1980s had developed among the first mouse models engineered to develop cancers in specific organs. He went on to use these models to examine the stages by which precancerous cells progress to invasive malignancies, the role cancer genes play in this transformation and the immune systems response to cells bearing novel mutations associated with cancers.

In collaboration with the late Judah Folkman, Hanahan identified in these mouse models the angiogenic switcha defined step in which the new blood vessels absolutely required for solid tumor growth are induced in the early stages of tumorigenesis. He and Folkman subsequently explored the pharmacological inhibition of that step, work that ultimately contributed to the development of anti-angiogenic drugs for cancer therapy.

Hanahan is also noted for his co-authorship with Ludwig MIT Director Robert Weinberg of The Hallmarks of Cancer, a landmark perspective on cancer biology published in Cell in 2000, as well as an update the pair published in the journal in 2011. Their essay drew from all corners of the sprawling field of cancer biology to create a unifying conceptual framework for understanding tumor initiation and progression, identifying a handful of capabilities cells must acquire to become malignant. The papers, which remain among the most influential publications in modern cancer biology, have shaped efforts to develop new cancer therapies.

Hanahans lab today continues to unravel the stages and drivers of tumor progression and investigate pharmacologic strategies to disrupt each step of the process. It also explores how the tumor microenvironment contributes to drug resistance, with a focus on its role in thwarting immune clearancea phenomenon that is being investigated from multiple angles by researchers at Ludwig Lausanne.

Working with me over the past seven years, Doug played an important part in making the Swiss Cancer Center in the Lemanic region a reality, and he is more than familiar with our goals and plans at the Lausanne Ludwig Branch, said Ludwig Lausanne Director George Coukos. His experience and scientific creativity will be of immeasurable value to the researchers here and, I expect, across the Ludwig organization.

Hanahan, who earned his bachelors degree in physics from MIT and his PhD in biophysics from Harvard in 1983, has been widely recognized for his contributions to cancer biology. He received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) in 2014 and is an elected member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, the U.S. National Academies of Science and of Medicine, the AACR Academy and the European Molecular Biology Organization.

In addition to his Ludwig Distinguished Scholar appointment, Hanahan is currently Professor and Director of the Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research within the School of Life Sciences at EPFL, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne and Co-director of the new multi-institutional Swiss Cancer Center Leman.

About Ludwig Cancer Research

Ludwig Cancer Research is an international collaborative network of acclaimed scientists that has pioneered cancer research and landmark discovery for 48 years. Ludwig combines basic science with the ability to translate its discoveries and conduct clinical trials to accelerate the development of new cancer diagnostics and therapies. Since 1971, Ludwig has invested $2.7 billion in life-changing science through the not-for-profit Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and the six U.S.-based Ludwig Centers. To learn more, visit http://www.ludwigcancerresearch.org.

For further information please contact Rachel Reinhardt, rreinhardt@lcr.org or +1-212-450-1582

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Douglas Hanahan Appointed Distinguished Scholar of the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research - Newswise

Cell Biology

The cell culture market is expected to reach USD 29.2 billion by 2024 from USD 16.0 billion in 2019, at a CAGR of 12.7% – Yahoo Finance

during the forecast period. This market is experiencing significant growth due to the growing awareness about the benefits of cell culture-based vaccines, increasing demand for monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), funding for cell-based research, growing preference for single-use technologies, growing focus on personalized medicine, and the launch of advanced cell culture products.

New York, Jan. 13, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Reportlinker.com announces the release of the report "Cell Culture Market by Product, Application, End User - Global Forecast to 2024" - https://www.reportlinker.com/p03665912/?utm_source=GNW On the other hand, the high cost of cell biology research and the lack of proper infrastructure for cell-based research activities are the major factors restraining the growth of this market.

Pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies are expected to dominate the market during the forecast period.Based on end user, the cell culture market is segmented into research institutes, pharmaceutical & biotechnology companies, cell banks, and hospitals & diagnostic laboratories.In 2018, pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies accounted for the largest share of the cell culture market.

The growing use of single-use technologies, increasing number of regulatory approvals for cell culture-based vaccines, and the presence of a large number of pharmaceutical players in this market are some of the factors driving the cell culture market for pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies.

Biopharmaceutical production to witness the highest growth in the cell culture market.

Based on application, the cell culture market is categorized into biopharmaceutical production, stem cell research, diagnostics, drug discovery & development, tissue engineering & regenerative medicine, and other applications.The biopharmaceutical production segment is also expected to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period.

The high growth of this segment is attributed to the commercial expansion of major pharmaceutical companies, growing regulatory approvals for the production of cell culture-based vaccines, and increasing demand for monoclonal antibodies (mAbs).

North America to dominate the market during the forecast period.Geographically, the cell culture market is segmented into North America, Europe, the Asia Pacific, and the Rest of the World.In 2018, North America accounted for the largest share of the cell culture market.

The growing regulatory approvals for cell culture-based vaccines, technological advancements, growth in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries, higher investments in cell-based research, rising incidence of diseases such as cancer, strong government support, and conferences and symposiums that create awareness on the latest trends in cell culture technology are the key factors driving the growth of the cell culture market in North America.

The primary interviews conducted for this report can be categorized as follows: By Company Type - Tier 1: 36%, Tier 2: 45%, and Tier 3: 19% By Designation - C-level: 33%, D-level: 40%, and Others: 27% By Region - North America: 36%, Europe: 28%, Asia Pacific: 19%, Rest of the World: 17%

List of Companies Profiled in the Report Thermo Fisher Scientific (US) Merck KGaA (Germany) GE Healthcare (US) Lonza (Switzerland) Becton, Dickinson and Company (US) Corning Incorporated (US) Eppendorf AG (Germany) HiMedia Laboratories (India) Sartorius AG (Germany) PromoCell GmbH (Germany) Danaher Corporation (US) FUJIFILM Irvine Scientific (US) InvivoGen (US) CellGenix GmbH (Germany) Miltenyi Biotec (Germany)

Research Coverage:This report provides a detailed picture of the global cell culture market.It aims at estimating the size and future growth potential of the market across different segments, such as product, application, end user, and region.

The report also includes an in-depth competitive analysis of the key market players, along with their company profiles, recent developments, and key market strategies.

Key Benefits of Buying the Report:The report will help market leaders/new entrants by providing them with the closest approximations of the revenue numbers for the overall cell culture market and its subsegments.It will also help stakeholders better understand the competitive landscape and gain more insights to better position their business and make suitable go-to-market strategies.

This report will enable stakeholders to understand the pulse of the market and provide them with information on the key market drivers, restraints, and opportunities.Read the full report: https://www.reportlinker.com/p03665912/?utm_source=GNW

About ReportlinkerReportLinker is an award-winning market research solution. Reportlinker finds and organizes the latest industry data so you get all the market research you need - instantly, in one place.

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The cell culture market is expected to reach USD 29.2 billion by 2024 from USD 16.0 billion in 2019, at a CAGR of 12.7% - Yahoo Finance

Cell Biology

Casma Therapeutics Appoints Two Experts in Lysosomal Proteostasis Pathways and Functional Genomics to Scientific Advisory Board – BioSpace

Christian and Martin are at the vanguard of their respective fields, known for applying cutting edge technologies to uncover the molecular basis for physio-pathological activity, said Leon Murphy, Ph.D., chief scientific officer of Casma Therapeutics. Their expertise will greatly enrich the work of our scientific advisory board as we explore ways to leverage autophagy, the cells natural recycling process, to develop a new class of therapeutics.

Christian Grimm, a Professor of Molecular Pharmacology at the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany, brings world-leading expertise in the study of endo-lysosomal ion channels and their role in human disease. With a focus on electrophysiology, cell and chemical biology, Grimm has developed multiple tools and techniques to understand the role of intracellular ion channels in rare and common disorders. His extensive training from top academic institutes and experience in the pharmaceutical sector has allowed him to develop highly selective small molecule probes that modulate ion channels. He received his Ph.D. from the Free University of Berlin, Germany, followed by postdoctoral research fellowships at Harvard University and Stanford University, USA (2004-2009).

Casmas focus on developing treatments that leverage the autophagy-lysosomal system is an exciting opportunity to address several important human disorders in a whole new way, Grimm said. I look forward to working with my fellow SAB members to advise Casma on the path forward.

Martin Kampmann, an Associate Professor at the University of California, San Francisco, and a Chan Zuckerberg Biohub investigator, has pioneered the development and use of genome-wide editing approaches to study proteostasis networks in health and disease with a major focus on neurodegeneration. Kampmann has received numerous honors for his research, including the Chan Zukerberg Initiative Ben Barres Early Career Acceleration Award in 2018 and the NIH Directors New Innovator Award in 2015. He earned his Ph.D. in biological sciences from The Rockefeller University.

The autophagy-lysosomal system plays a fundamental role in preserving cellular health and is a very exciting target for neurodegeneration Kampmann said. Casma has the opportunity here to pioneer a new class of medicines based on these insights, and Im excited to be working with their team and their stellar scientific advisers.

Grimm and Kampmann will join founding scientific advisory board members Sascha Martens of the University of Vienna, Austria, and Pietro De Camilli of Yale University, both appointed in March 2019, and Steven Gygi of Harvard Medical School, who was appointed in October 2019.

About Casma Therapeutics

Casma Therapeutics is harnessing the natural cellular process of autophagy to open vast new target areas for drug discovery and development. Casma uses several approaches to intervene at strategic points throughout the autophagy-lysosome system to improve the cellular process of clearing out unwanted proteins, aggregates, organelles and invading pathogens. By boosting autophagy, Casma expects to be able to arrest or reverse the progression of lysosomal storage disorders, muscle disorders, inflammatory disorders and neurodegeneration, among other indications. Casma was launched in 2018 by Third Rock Ventures and is based in Cambridge, Mass. For more information, please visit http://www.casmatx.com.

View source version on businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20200113005082/en/

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Casma Therapeutics Appoints Two Experts in Lysosomal Proteostasis Pathways and Functional Genomics to Scientific Advisory Board - BioSpace

Cell Biology

Oded Rechavi Studies the RNA Nematodes Pass to Their Offspring – The Scientist

Although neurobiologist Oded Rechavi comes from a family of doctors and researchers, it was not his original plan to go into science. It wasnt something that I had thought about, he tells The Scientist. Instead, he went to Paris after high school to train as an artist and exhibited his work in his home country of Israel before enrolling at Tel Aviv University. I still didnt know exactly what Id do, whether Id be an artist or something else, he says.

At university, Rechavi became interested in studying psychology, philosophy, and biologyspecifically, the biology of the brain, which fascinated him. He earned a bachelors degree in neuroscience in 2006 and then went on to do a PhD, also at Tel Aviv. For his graduate work, he pivoted his focus to immune cells and found that when T and B cells connect with each other, they exchange macromolecules such as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that can break down messenger RNA molecules, preventing them from being translated into proteinsa process known as RNA interference, or RNAi (Genes Dev, 23:197179, 2009). Now we know that small RNAs are exchanged in many different organs, he says.

He has a lot of research interests and an infectious enthusiasm for things. . . . The extent of his creativity really knows no bounds.

Oliver Hobert, Columbia University

Rechavi continued to study RNA as a postdoc in Oliver Hoberts lab at Columbia University in New York. It was pretty clear when he came to visit the lab that he was really very specialincredibly thoughtful, creative, and very excited and engaged about the projects that we discussed, Hobert says. One of those projects was investigating siRNAs that C. elegans produces as a defense against viral infection. In 2011, Rechavi and colleagues demonstrated that the worms passed down those siRNAs from parent to offspring (Cell, 147:124856). Theres no virus that infects C. elegans efficiently, Rechavi explains. Only mutants that are defective in RNA [interference] are infected with viruses, and this could be in part because [nematodes] inherit siRNAs.

In 2012, Rechavi moved back to Israel and established his own lab at his alma mater. Inspired by human epidemiological studies, which have suggested that famine is associated with an increased risk of diabetes, heart disease, and obesity in subsequent generations, he wanted to see if changes in siRNAs caused by an environmental stressor could be inherited several generations down the line in nematodes. Sure enough, Rechavis group, in collaboration with Hobert, showed that starving nematodes passed down siRNAs that cause silencing of genes involved with fat regulation and stress resistance (Cell, 158:27787, 2014). We showed that small RNAs leave a mark thats perceived for multiple generations after starvation, Rechavi says. Additional studies from his group showed that inherited siRNAs can also have effects on movement and even decision making in the worms.

Hes got a great model system in C. elegans. . . . It was very impactful, and it shed a new light on these problems, says Michael Levin, a systems biologist at Tufts University who studies planarian flatworms and has written review papers with Rechavi on RNA inheritance. I always thought that his work was particularly creative and rigorous, and I think he has a very unique kind of mind.

Although Rechavi ended up focusing his career on science instead of art, he often looks for ways to combine the two. Hes a research associate in an interdisciplinary group of artists and scientists that focuses on culture, society, and philosophy at the Van Leer Jerusalem Institute. And hes also using Twitter to organize a February 2020 conference in Tel Aviv informally called The Woodstock of Biology, which will feature a collaborative art exhibition focusing on natural resources.

He has a lot of research interests and an infectious enthusiasm for things, Hobert says. The extent of his creativity really knows no bounds.

Emily Makowski is an intern atThe Scientist. Email her atemakowski@the-scientist.com.

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Oded Rechavi Studies the RNA Nematodes Pass to Their Offspring - The Scientist

Cell Biology

Organ-On-A-Chip Market Increasing Demands and Sales 2018 to 2023 – BulletintheNews

The global market fororgan-on-a-chipshould grow from $11.3 billion in 2018 to $60.6 billion by 2023 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 39.9% from 2018 to 2023.

Report Scope:

The scope of this report is broad and covers various types of products available in the organ-on-a-chip market and potential application sectors in various industries. The organ-on-a-chip market is broken down by product into instruments and consumables. Revenue forecasts from 2018 to 2023 are given for each product, application, cell type and end user, with estimated valued derived from the revenues of manufacturers. Revenue generated from the installation and maintenance of instruments has been excluded from the report.

This report also includes a discussion of the major players in each regional organ-on-a-chip market. Further, it explains the major drivers and regional dynamics of the global market and current trends within the industry.The report concludes with a special focus on the vendor landscape and includes detailed profiles of the major players in the global organ-on-a-chip market.

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Report Includes:

56 data tables and 49 additional tables An overview of global market for organ-on-a-chip within the industry Analyses of global market trends, with data from 2017 and 2018, and projections of compound annual growth rates (CAGRs) through 2023 Description of potential applications in pharmaceutical and life science research sectors, including preclinical drugs testing, drug screening, personalized medicine, phenotypic screening, lead optimization and disease modelling Information on multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip and discussion of their ability to imitate human micro environment in vitro Discussion on how organ on a chip is emerging as a priority testing alternative which is replacing animals in life science research, toxicology testing and drug development studies Knowledge about implementation of 3rs (replacement, refinement and reduction of animals-based research) in the industry Insights into government programs and policies in support of organ on chip and coverage of revised laws involving animal testing Company profiles of the top players in the industry, including Emulate, Hurel Corp., Insphero, Organovo and Synvivo

Summary

An organ-on-a-chip is a type of artificial organ that possesses the capability to simulate activities, mechanics and physiological response similar to that of an organ system. These are multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chips that are primarily being used in life science and drug development research because of their ability to imitate human microenvironments in vitro. The unique characteristics of organ-on-a-chip are worked out by integrating biology and advanced engineering. Cell biology, microfluidics and microfabrication are core fields paving their way towards development of organ-on-a-chip.

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Organ-on-a-chip is seen as a priority testing alternative replacing animals in life science research, toxicology testing and drug development studies around the globe. The European Union parliament is looking forward to revising laws involving animal testing. Through groups such as the European Partnership for Alternative Approaches to Animal Testing (EPAA) and International Council of Animal Protection in OECD Programmes (ICAPO), the parliament is seeking to implement policies circumventing 3R (refinement, reduction, and replacement) practices in biomedical research, according to the National Centre for the Replacement Refinement & Reduction of Animals in Research. The Federation ofAmerican Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB), the largest coalition of biomedical research in the U.S. has made organ-on-a-chip a priority investment for research and development for next five years. Through organ-on-a-chip, FASEB is looking forward to improved productivity in research.

The global organ-on-a-chip market is projected to rise at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of REDACTED during the forecast period of 2018 through 2023. The market value is expected to rise from REDACTED in 2018 to REDACTED by 2023. The heart market in is projected to rise at a CAGR of REDACTED. The global heart-on-a-chip market is expected to rise from REDACTED in 2018 to over REDACTED by 2023.

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Organ-On-A-Chip Market Increasing Demands and Sales 2018 to 2023 - BulletintheNews