Category Archives: Cell Biology

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Cell Biology

Yoshihiro Yoneda Appointed President of the International Human Frontier Science Program Organization – PR Newswire

June 27, 2024 medical

STRASBOURG, France, June 26, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- The International Human Frontier Science Program Organization (HFSPO) is pleased to announce that acclaimed Japanese cell biologist and international research leader Yoshihiro Yoneda will assume the role of President for the global life science organization.

"We are thrilled to welcome President Yoneda, a pioneer in cellular biology and a science leader, who has made such positive impacts on key research institutions," said Pavel Kabat, HFSPO Secretary General.

Yoneda will serve as the 7th President in HFSPO's 35-year history, successor to President Shigekazu Nagata, who served from 2018 to 2024.

"It is with deep gratitude that we thank President Nagata for his years of service and dedication to HFSPO at all levels," said Kabat. "His wisdom and insight have been invaluable."

Chartered by the G7 in 1987, HFSPO supports pioneering, interdisciplinary research in the life sciences through Research Grants and Fellowships. It is funded by 16 Member countries, plus the European Commission. HFSP research proposals are evaluated through peer review and only the most daring, ground-breaking research all involving international collaboration is supported. HFSP has issued over 4,500 awards involving over 8,500 international scientists. Since the beginning of the Program,29 HFSP awardees have gone on to win the Nobel Prize.

Yoneda was nominated by the Government of Japan; the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); and the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI); and unanimously confirmed during the June meeting of the HFSPO Board of Trustees, held this year in Washington, D.C.

He is Professor Emeritus at Osaka University and President of The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka University (BIKEN Foundation). From 2015 to 2022, he led the National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition. He also served as Director of the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Nutrition and Physical Activity.

Yoneda has a longstanding connection to HFSPO. He was awarded two HFSP Research Grants in 1998 and 2001 that led to important discoveries in molecular mechanisms of nucleocytoplasmic transport.

"I am honored to be entrusted with this important role for such an impactful, global organization," said Yoneda. "HFSPO is one of the few organizations in the world focused on creating quantum leaps in scientific knowledge. Through such research we have a chance to do great things for humanity."

For more information or to schedule interviews, contact Rachael Bishop, Science Writer and Editor: phone: +33 (0)7 81 87 62 21 or email: [emailprotected]

The International Human Frontier Science Program Organization is headquartered at 12 Quai Saint-Jean, 67000, Strasbourg, France. http://www.hfsp.org | Office phone: +33-(0)3 88 21 51 23 | @HFSP Twitter | Facebook page

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Yoshihiro Yoneda Appointed President of the International Human Frontier Science Program Organization - PR Newswire

Cell Biology

A new way to measure ageing and disease risk with the protein aggregation clock – EurekAlert

June 18, 2024 medical

image:

Visualization of a protein aggregation clock

Credit: ill./: Nike Heinss / JGU

--JOINT PRESS RELEASE OF THE INSTITUTE OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (IMB) AND JOHANNES GUTENBERG UNIVERSITY MAINZ --

Could measuring protein clumps in our cells be a new way to find out our risk of getting age-related diseases? Professor Dorothee Dormann and Professor Edward Lemke of Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU), who are also adjunct directors at the Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB) in Mainz, propose the concept of a "protein aggregation clock" to measure ageing and health in a new perspective article published inNature Cell Biology.

As we age, the DNA and proteins that make up our bodies gradually undergo changes that cause our bodies to no longer work as well as before. This in turn makes us more prone to getting age-related diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. One important change is that the proteins in our cells can sometimes become misfolded and clump together to form aggregates, so-called amyloids. Misfolding and aggregation can happen to any protein, but a specific group of proteins known as intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are especially prone to forming amyloids. IDPs make up around 30 percent of the proteins in our cells and they are characterized by having no fixed structure. Instead, they are flexible and dynamic, flopping around like strands of cooked spaghetti.

While the molecular mechanisms are widely debated and an important aspect of basic research, scientists know that aggregates formed from IDPs tend to accumulate in many long-lived cells such as neurons or muscle cells as we age. Moreover, they can cause many age-related diseases, particularly neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Thus, having many aggregates in a cell could be an indicator of how unhealthy the cell is or if a person is likely to develop an age-related disease soon. In their recently published article, Dormann and Lemke propose that IDP aggregation could be used as a biological "clock" to measure a person's health and age.

If developed further into a sensitive diagnostic test, a protein aggregation clock could be extremely useful. Firstly, doctors could use it to help diagnose age-related diseases at very early stages or identify people who are not yet sick but have a higher risk of developing disease as they age. This would allow them to be given preventative treatments before they develop severe disease. Secondly, scientists could use it to assess the effects of new experimental treatments to reduce protein aggregation in order to prevent or delay age-related diseases.

"In practice, we are still far away from a routine diagnostic test, and it is important that we improve our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms leading to IDP aggregation", said Dormann. "However, we want to stimulate thinking and research in the direction of studying protein aggregates to measure biological ageing processes," Lemke added. "We are optimistic that in the future we will be able to overcome the current challenges of reading a protein aggregation clock through more research on IDP dynamics and making further technological developments."

Although there are other "clocks" to measure ageing and health, most of them are based on nucleic acids like DNA. Dormann and Lemke think that a biological clock based on proteins would be a useful complement to these existing clocks, as proteins are among the most abundant molecules in cells and are crucial for all cellular functions. With the help of such a protein aggregation clock, they hope that scientists and doctors will be able to move one step closer towards helping people age healthily and preventing age-related diseases.

With their research, Dorothee Dormann and Edward Lemke contribute to the Center for Healthy Ageing (CHA), a virtual research center launched in 2021. The CHA brings together scientists in basic and clinical research from across Mainz who focus on ageing and age-related diseases. Their findings are to be used to promote healthy ageing and to find treatments that help prevent or cure age-related diseases.