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Cell Biology

Global Laser Capture Microdissection Market Will Experience A Noticeable Growth During The Forecast Period 2019-2026||Indivumed GmbH(Germany), AvanSci…

GlobalLaser Capture Microdissection Marketis expected to rise from its initial estimated value of USD 101.3611 million in 2018 to an estimated value of USD 251.14 million by 2026, registering a CAGR of 12.01% in the forecast period of 2019-2026. This rise in market value can be attributed to the increasing applications in pharmaceuticals, hospitals and research and development

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Few of the major competitors currently working in the Laser Capture Microdissection market areMolecular Machines & Industries(Germany), Danaher (U.S.) , Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc. (U.S.), ZEISS International(Germany) , DENOVA Sciences Pte Ltd. (Singapore.), Indivumed GmbH(Germany), AvanSci Bio (US), Avant Diagnostics, Inc.(US), Ocimum Biosolutions (India), 3DHISTECH Ltd.( Hungary), Biocompare (Canada)., BioTechniques(UK), MIA Cellavie Inc. (Canada), CaresBio Laboratory LLC (US), Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.(US), genedrive plc (UK), Promega Corporation(US), VitroVivo Biotech(India) and Precision MicroFab LLC (US) among others.

Insights of the report

Key Developments in the Market:

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Segmentation: Global Laser Capture Microdissection Market

By Product

(Consumables, Reagents and Media, Assay kits, Other consumables, Instruments, Software and Services),

System type

(Ultraviolet lcm, Infrared lcm, Ultraviolet and Infrared lcm, Immunofluorescence lcm),

Application

(research and development, molecular biology, cell biology, forensic science, diagnostics, other applications),

End user

(Academic and Government Research Institutes, Hospitals, Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology companies, Contract Research Organizations (CROS)),

Geography

(North America, South America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East and Africa)

Market Drivers

Market Restraints

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An absolute way to forecast what future holds is to comprehend the trend today!

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Data bridge is an aftermath of sheer wisdom and experience which was formulated and framed in the year 2015 in Pune. We ponder into the heterogeneous markets in accord with our clients needs and scoop out the best possible solutions and detailed information about the market trends. Data Bridge delve into the markets across Asia, North America, South America, Africa to name few.

Data Bridge adepts in creating satisfied clients who reckon upon our services and rely on our hard work with certitude. We are content with our glorious 99.9 % client satisfying rate.

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Global Laser Capture Microdissection Market Will Experience A Noticeable Growth During The Forecast Period 2019-2026||Indivumed GmbH(Germany), AvanSci...

Cell Biology

Investigations of Deceased COVID-19 Patients Reveal Lung Damage Caused by Persistence of Abnormal Cells – SciTechDaily

Investigations of deceased COVID-19 patients have shed light on possible lung damage caused by the virus.

The study, published today (November 3, 2020) in The Lancets eBioMedicine, by Kings College London in collaboration with University of Trieste and the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biology in Italy, shows the unique characteristics to the SARS-CoV-2 virus and may explain why patients suffer from long COVID.

Patients with COVID-19 can experience symptoms such as blood clotting and loss of smell and taste. Some who survive the infection can experience the effects of the disease for months known as long COVID with a feeling of fatigue and lack of breath. There have been a limited number of studies that have analyzed the organs of COVID-19 patients which means the characteristics of the disease are still largely unknown.

Researchers analyzed the organs of 41 patients who died of COVID-19 at the University Hospital of Trieste, Italy, from February to April 2020, at the start of the pandemic. The team took lung, heart, liver, and kidney samples to examine the behavior of the virus.

Findings show extensive lung damage in most cases, with patients experiencing profound disruption of the normal lung structure and the transformation of respiratory tissue into fibrotic material.

Almost 90% of patients showed two additional characteristics that were quite unique to COVID-19 compared to other forms of pneumonia. First, patients showed extensive blood clotting of the lung arteries and veins (thrombosis). Second, several lung cells were abnormally large and had many nuclei, resulting from the fusion of different cells into single large cells. This formation of fused cells (syncytia) is due to the viral spike protein, which the virus uses to enter the cell. When the protein is present on the surface of cells infected by the COVID-19 virus, it stimulates their fusion with other normal lung cells, which can be a cause for inflammation and thrombosis.

Additionally, research showed the long-term persistence of the viral genome in respiratory cells and in cells lining the blood vessels, along with the infected cell syncytia. The presence of these infected cells can cause the major structural changes observed in lungs, which can persist for several weeks or months and could eventually explain long COVID.

The study found no overt signs of viral infection or prolonged inflammation detected in other organs.

Professor Mauro Giacca, at the British Heart Foundation Centre at Kings College London, said: These findings are very exciting. The findings indicate that COVID-19 is not simply a disease caused by the death of virus-infected cells but is likely the consequence of these abnormal cells persisting for long periods inside the lungs.

The team is now actively testing the effect of these abnormal cells on blood clotting and inflammation and are searching for new drugs that can block the viral spike protein which causes cells to fuse.

Reference: Persistence of viral RNA, pneumocyte syncytia and thrombosis are hallmarks of advanced COVID-19 pathology by Rossana Bussani, Edoardo Schneider, Lorena Zentilin, Chiara Collesi, Hashim Ali, Luca Braga, Maria Concetta Volpe, Andrea Colliva, Fabrizio Zanconati, Giorgio Berlot and Furio Silvestri, 3 November 2020, eBioMedicine.DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103104

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Investigations of Deceased COVID-19 Patients Reveal Lung Damage Caused by Persistence of Abnormal Cells - SciTechDaily

Cell Biology

Fate Therapeutics Announces Twelve Presentations at the 2020 ASH Annual Meeting – GlobeNewswire

Four Oral Presentations Covering iPSC-derived Cell-based Cancer Immunotherapy Pipeline Accepted for Presentation

Company to Host Investor Event on Friday, December 4

SAN DIEGO, Nov. 05, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Fate Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ: FATE), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company dedicated to the development of programmed cellular immunotherapies for cancer and immune disorders, today announced that four oral and eight poster presentations for the Companys induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) product platform were accepted for presentation at the 62nd American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition being held virtually from December 5-8, 2020.

Accepted abstracts include a clinical case study of a patient treated with FT596 at the first dose level (30million cells) as a monotherapy in the Companys Phase 1 clinical trial for the treatment of relapsed / refractory B-cell lymphoma (NCT04245722). FT596 is the Companys universal, off-the-shelf, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) natural killer (NK) cell product candidate derived from a clonal master induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line engineered with three anti-tumor functional modalities: a proprietary CAR optimized for NK cell biology that targets CD19 (CAR19); a novel high-affinity, non-cleavable CD16 (hnCD16) Fc receptor that enhances antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC); and an IL-15 receptor fusion (IL-15RF) that augments NK cell activity. The accepted abstracts are available online through the ASH conference website (www.hematology.org/Annual-Meeting/Abstracts/).

In addition, the Company plans to host a virtual investor event entitled The Power of hnCD16 to highlight the unique therapeutic features and functionality of its novel hnCD16 Fc receptor, a core component incorporated in its iPSC-derived NK cell product candidates. The Companys hnCD16 Fc receptor is designed to maximize ADCC, a potent anti-tumor mechanism by which NK cells recognize, bind and kill antibody-coated cancer cells, through enhanced binding to tumor-targeting antibodies and prevention of down-regulation commonly observed in cancer patients. Scientists from the Company have shown in a peer-reviewed publication (Blood. 2020;135(6):399-410) that hnCD16 iPSC-derived NK cells, compared to peripheral blood NK cells, elicit a more durable anti-tumor response and extend survival in combination with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies in an in vivo xenograft mouse model of human lymphoma.

Oral Presentations

Poster Presentations

About Fate Therapeutics iPSC Product PlatformThe Companys proprietary induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) product platform enables mass production of off-the-shelf, engineered, homogeneous cell products that can be administered with multiple doses to deliver more effective pharmacologic activity, including in combination with other cancer treatments. Human iPSCs possess the unique dual properties of unlimited self-renewal and differentiation potential into all cell types of the body. The Companys first-of-kind approach involves engineering human iPSCs in a one-time genetic modification event and selecting a single engineered iPSC for maintenance as a clonal master iPSC line. Analogous to master cell lines used to manufacture biopharmaceutical drug products such as monoclonal antibodies, clonal master iPSC lines are a renewable source for manufacturing cell therapy products which are well-defined and uniform in composition, can be mass produced at significant scale in a cost-effective manner, and can be delivered off-the-shelf for patient treatment. As a result, the Companys platform is uniquely capable of overcoming numerous limitations associated with the production of cell therapies using patient- or donor-sourced cells, which is logistically complex and expensive and is subject to batch-to-batch and cell-to-cell variability that can affect clinical safety and efficacy. Fate Therapeutics iPSC product platform is supported by an intellectual property portfolio of over 300 issued patents and 150 pending patent applications.

About Fate Therapeutics, Inc.Fate Therapeutics is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company dedicated to the development of first-in-class cellular immunotherapies for cancer and immune disorders. The Company has established a leadership position in the clinical development and manufacture of universal, off-the-shelf cell products using its proprietary induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) product platform. The Companys immuno-oncology product candidates include natural killer (NK) cell and T-cell cancer immunotherapies, which are designed to synergize with well-established cancer therapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies, and to target tumor-associated antigens with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). The Companys immuno-regulatory product candidates include ProTmune, a pharmacologically modulated, donor cell graft that is currently being evaluated in a Phase 2 clinical trial for the prevention of graft-versus-host disease, and a myeloid-derived suppressor cell immunotherapy for promoting immune tolerance in patients with immune disorders. Fate Therapeutics is headquartered in San Diego, CA. For more information, please visit http://www.fatetherapeutics.com.

Forward-Looking StatementsThis release contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 including statements regarding the Companys clinical studies and preclinical research and development programs. These and any other forward-looking statements in this release are based on management's current expectations of future events and are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially and adversely from those set forth in or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the risk that results observed in prior studies of its product candidates, including preclinical studies and clinical trials of any of its product candidates, will not be observed in ongoing or future studies involving these product candidates, and the risk that the Company may cease or delay preclinical or clinical development of any of its product candidates for a variety of reasons (including requirements that may be imposed by regulatory authorities on the initiation or conduct of clinical trials or to support regulatory approval, difficulties or delays in subject enrollment in current and planned clinical trials, difficulties in manufacturing or supplying the Companys product candidates for clinical testing, and any adverse events or other negative results that may be observed during preclinical or clinical development). For a discussion of other risks and uncertainties, and other important factors, any of which could cause the Companys actual results to differ from those contained in the forward-looking statements, see the risks and uncertainties detailed in the Companys periodic filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including but not limited to the Companys most recently filed periodic report, and from time to time in the Companys press releases and other investor communications.Fate Therapeutics is providing the information in this release as of this date and does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements contained in this release as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Contact:Christina TartagliaStern Investor Relations, Inc.212.362.1200christina@sternir.com

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Fate Therapeutics Announces Twelve Presentations at the 2020 ASH Annual Meeting - GlobeNewswire

Genetics

Scientists think about 40% of happiness is genetic while the rest comes down to 3 main components – Insider – INSIDER

Some people seem to be born with a happier, carefree disposition than others, and research indicates that yes some of your sense of well-being may be in your genes. But only partly.

Your genes make up an estimated 40% of your ability to be happy, says psychotherapist Susan Zinn of Susan Zinn Therapy in Santa Monica, California.

But that doesn't mean that if you weren't born with certain genes, you're destined to be unhappy. Zinn says that "it's completely possible to rewire our brains for happiness," because the other 60% of happiness comes down to lifestyle and other environmental factors.

Learn more about how your genetic makeup contributes to your life satisfaction and how you can increase feelings of happiness and well-being regardless of what your genetic sequence might say about you.

Happiness is typically determined by three main components, according to Zinn:

Research indicates that we can inherit many traits including optimism, self-esteem, and happiness. So by that logic, yes, there are genes that may predispose you to a happier disposition.

For example, a 2011 study found promising evidence that people with a certain form of the gene called 5-HTTLPR reported higher life satisfaction.

And a landmark study in 2016 that formally linked happiness to genetics involved the DNA of nearly 300,000 people. The researchers pinpointed three specific genetic variants associated with well-being. But they also found that these genetic variations weren't the only factor. An interplay of genetics and environment also contributed to happiness.

Despite your genetic makeup, there are ways you can learn to be happier, even in difficult times. Other traits, such as resilience, can be cultivated over time.

"You have a choice," Zinn says. "It's no different than deciding what to wear or what food to order. When it comes to happiness, there's a lot we can do about it."

One way to achieve a happier state is to let go of a quest for perfectionism that focuses only on the end goal of success, Zinn says. Linking happiness with perfectionism and success is common in American culture, but it leads you to concentrate on the summit of what you want to achieve rather than the journey of what happens along the way.

Here are some other practical ways to choose happiness:

Although research suggests that happiness is inherited to some extent, you're not limited by your DNA. The ability to feel happy takes practice and can be achieved with the right mindset.

Volunteering, exercise, nature, and attention to gratitude practices are just a few things you can do to increase your sense of life satisfaction, well-being, purpose, and ultimately, happiness.

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Scientists think about 40% of happiness is genetic while the rest comes down to 3 main components - Insider - INSIDER

Genetics

Podcast: Polymerase chain reactionThe ‘transformative’ tool that sparked a genetics revolution – Genetic Literacy Project

Geneticist Dr. Kat Arney revisits the story and the characters behind one of the most transformativeand ubiquitous techniques in modern molecular biology: the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), on the latest episode of the Genetics Unzipped podcast from the Genetics Society.

Anyone who has worked with DNA in the laboratory is undoubtedly familiar with PCR. Invented in 1985, PCR is an indispensable molecular biology tool that can replicate any stretch of DNA, copying it billions of times in a matter of hours, providing enough DNA to use for applications like forensics, genetic testing, ancient DNA analysis or medical diagnostics.

Its hard to overstate the transformation that PCR brought to the world of molecular biology and biomedical research. Suddenly, researchers could amplify and study DNA in a way that had been simply impossible before, kickstarting the genetics revolution thats still going strong today.

So where did this revolutionary technology come from? Officially, PCR was invented in 1985 by a colorful character named Kary Mullis, who won a Nobel Prize for the discovery. But, as well see, all the components of PCR were in place by the early 1980s thanks to the work of scientists like Arthur Kornberg and Har Gobind Khoranait just took a creative leap to assemble them into one blockbusting technique.

Then, the discovery of Thermus aquaticus in the hot springs of Yellowstone National Park by Thomas Brock in the 1960s, the isolation of the thermostable Taq polymerase from that bacterium in 1976 by Alice Chien and John Trela from the University of Cincinnati, and the subsequent invention of automatic thermocyclers paved the way for the simple, one-step PCR process that has transformed laboratories across the world.

Full show notes, transcript, music credits and references online at GeneticsUnzipped.com.

Genetics Unzippedis the podcast from the UKGenetics Society,presented by award-winning science communicator and biologistKat Arneyand produced byFirst Create the Media. Follow Kat on Twitter@Kat_Arney,Genetics Unzipped@geneticsunzip,and the Genetics Society at@GenSocUK

Listen to Genetics Unzipped on Apple podcasts (iTunes), Spotify, or wherever you get your podcasts.

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Podcast: Polymerase chain reactionThe 'transformative' tool that sparked a genetics revolution - Genetic Literacy Project

Genetics

Largest Study To-Date Focused on Undiagnosed Genetic Disease Patients Reveals That Bionano’s Optical Genome Mapping Technology Can Diagnose…

SAN DIEGO, Nov. 05, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Bionano Genomics, Inc. (Nasdaq: BNGO) announced the publication of a study led by scientists and clinicians from the Institute for Human Genetics and the Benioff Childrens Hospital at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) that evaluated the ability of Bionanos optical genome mapping technology and another genome analysis method to diagnose children with genetic conditions who previously went undiagnosed by the standard of care methods alone. Of the 50 children in the study, the optical genome mapping results were sufficient to definitively diagnose 6 patients (or 12%) and, for another 10 patients (or 20%), the Bionano data revealed candidate pathogenic variants. Upon further analysis, it is expected that an additional 3 patients could be diagnosed with the Bionano data, bringing the total of definitively diagnosed patients to 9 (or 18%).

Erik Holmlin, Ph.D., CEO of Bionano Genomics commented, Increasing the number of patients who receive a definitive molecular diagnosis is the driving force behind much of the development of new diagnostic technologies. Every major change in medical guidelines connected to introducing novel methods has been driven by the ability of new methods to diagnose more patients than the previously existing standard of care. This study by the UCSF team shows that Bionanos optical genome mapping can potentially bring another such leap to the clinic by diagnosing many more patients than what existing chromosomal microarray (CMA) and whole exome sequencing (WES) can. Several studies released this year have shown that Saphyr can detect all clinically relevant variants identified by karyotyping, microarray and FISH in both leukemias and genetic disease cases. This UCSF study now shows in the largest cohort analyzed to date that Bionanos optical genome mapping diagnoses more patients than the traditional methods. We believe the increase in diagnosis over conventional methods can be a significant factor in Saphyr gaining widespread adoption as a clinical tool for genetic disease diagnosis and next-generation cytogenomics.

As described in the publication, the UCSF team performed full genome analysis by combining optical genome mapping with Bionano technology and linked-read sequencing on 50 undiagnosed patients with a variety of rare genetic diseases and their parents to determine if this full genome analysis method could help solve cases that had not been diagnosed with previous testing. Of the 50 cases, 42 were previously analyzed by CMA, the first tier medical test for genetic disease cases, and 23 had previously been analyzed with commercial trio whole exome sequencing, and no pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants were identified by these methods.

Bionanos optical genome mapping technology identified a number of pathogenic variants unidentified by CMA and undetectable by WES, including duplications and deletions that were too small to be identified by CMA, or occurred in regions of the genome not typically covered by CMA or WES. Of the additional 7 patients with variations considered to be candidates for pathogenic variants, the findings included deletions, duplications, and inversions. Before concluding that these variants are sufficient to diagnose the patients, further analysis is required since these variants had not previously been reported in patients with similar disease.

The publication is available at: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.10.22.20216531v1A recording of the webinar is available at: https://bionanogenomics.com/webinars/optical-mapping-in-rare-genetic-disease-diagnosis/

About Bionano GenomicsBionano is a genome analysis company providing tools and services based on its Saphyr system to scientists and clinicians conducting genetic research and patient testing, and providing diagnostic testing for those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental disabilities through its Lineagen business. Bionanos Saphyr system is a platform for ultra-sensitive and ultra-specific structural variation detection that enables researchers and clinicians to accelerate the search for new diagnostics and therapeutic targets and to streamline the study of changes in chromosomes, which is known as cytogenetics. The Saphyr system is comprised of an instrument, chip consumables, reagents and a suite of data analysis tools, and genome analysis services to provide access to data generated by the Saphyr system for researchers who prefer not to adopt the Saphyr system in their labs. Lineagen has been providing genetic testing services to families and their healthcare providers for over nine years and has performed over 65,000 tests for those with neurodevelopmental concerns. For more information, visitwww.bionanogenomics.com or http://www.lineagen.com.

Forward-Looking StatementsThis press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as may, will, expect, plan, anticipate, estimate, intend and similar expressions (as well as other words or expressions referencing future events, conditions or circumstances) convey uncertainty of future events or outcomes and are intended to identify these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include statements regarding our intentions, beliefs, projections, outlook, analyses or current expectations concerning, among other things: the contribution of Bionanos technology to the diagnosis of more genetic disease patients when compared to traditional standard of care methods; the capabilities of Bionanos technology in comparison to other genome analysis technologies; our expectations regarding the adoption of Saphyr as a clinical tool for genetic disease diagnosis and next-generation cytogenomics; and Bionanos strategic plans. Each of these forward-looking statements involves risks and uncertainties. Actual results or developments may differ materially from those projected or implied in these forward-looking statements. Factors that may cause such a difference include the risks and uncertainties associated with: the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business and the global economy; general market conditions; changes in the competitive landscape and the introduction of competitive products; changes in our strategic and commercial plans; our ability to obtain sufficient financing to fund our strategic plans and commercialization efforts; the ability of medical and research institutions to obtain funding to support adoption or continued use of our technologies; the loss of key members of management and our commercial team; and the risks and uncertainties associated withour business and financial condition in general, including the risks and uncertainties described in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including, without limitation, our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 and in other filings subsequently made by us with the Securities and Exchange Commission. All forward-looking statements contained in this press release speak only as of the date on which they were made and are based on management's assumptions and estimates as of such date. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of the receipt of new information, the occurrence of future events or otherwise.

CONTACTSCompany Contact:Erik Holmlin, CEOBionano Genomics, Inc.+1 (858) 888-7610eholmlin@bionanogenomics.com

Investor Relations Contact:Ashley R. RobinsonLifeSci Advisors, LLC+1 (617) 430-7577arr@lifesciadvisors.com

Media Contact:Darren Opland, PhDLifeSci Communications+1 (617) 733-7668darren@lifescicomms.com

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Largest Study To-Date Focused on Undiagnosed Genetic Disease Patients Reveals That Bionano's Optical Genome Mapping Technology Can Diagnose...

Physiology

Anatomage Launches Interactive Physiology Content and Other Updates to the Anatomage eBook – PRNewswire

First introduced in July, the Anatomage eBook provides instructional guidelines to anatomy and physiology topics using 3D anatomical images of real human cadavers. With the anatomy portion immediately launched afterward, the Anatomage eBook has quickly become a powerful solution for an online learning environment. Through today's launch of the physiology section, the Anatomage eBook is now highly anticipated to be an irreplaceable tool for A&P distance and in-person learning courses.

The physiology section features the fundamental physiological concepts that are typically taught in high-school and college-level human physiology courses. Following the interactive format of the Anatomage eBook, the physiology content comes with illustrative and animated visuals that allow students to visualize the human body's physiological mechanism. Interactive physiological illustrations are alsoavailable for manipulating, offering a highly detailed look at crucial physiological and pathological functions.

Aside from the Physiology content, users of the Anatomage eBook will be able to view and interact with images of prosected cadavers. Originating from actual human cadavers, the prosection images exhibit the most accurate anatomical visualization that allows students to appreciate the human body's integrated nature.

As part of the updates, manipulating real-patient pathology CT cases is made possible. The Anatomage eBook now includes 12 interactive case activities that provide a high-resolution, three-dimensional view for comparative anatomy, giving practical information to prepare students for their clinical professions.

With these additions, the Anatomage eBook further expands its capabilities as a market leader in premium online anatomy and physiology learning technology tailored for both in-person and virtual education.

About Anatomage eBook

Anatomage eBook offers the most accurate representation of real human anatomy that allows students to conceptualize the complicated anatomy and physiology concepts effectively. Utilizing medically accurate anatomy images and intuitive descriptions, the Anatomage eBook visually walks users through major anatomy and physiology concepts for each of the 11 human body systems across 39 chapters. For more information, visit here.

About Anatomage

A market leader in medical imaging technology, Anatomage enables an ecosystem of 3D anatomy hardware and software, allowing users to visualize anatomy at the highest level of accuracy. Through its highly innovative products, Anatomage is transforming standard anatomy learning, medical diagnosis, and treatment planning.

Media Contact:Jack ChoiCEOAnatomage Inc.Phone: 1-408-885-1474Email:[emailprotected]www.anatomage.com

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Anatomage Launches Interactive Physiology Content and Other Updates to the Anatomage eBook - PRNewswire

Physiology

Zombie Physiology, According to The Walking Dead | CBR – CBR – Comic Book Resources

The Walking Dead provides information on how zombies act, behave and evolve.

The zombie genre has been going strong since the 1930s, and while there's the occasional deviation in how they're portrayed on screen, audiences are most familiar with the these famed dead creatures as brainless and slow but deadly in hordes. The zombiesin AMC'sThe Walking Deadbear all the signs of the typical zombie: mindless killing machines with the singular goal of devouring the flesh of anyone who crosses their path. The zombies in theWalking Deadmay be relatively weak, but over the course of 10 seasons, the show has introduced some interesting concepts to their physiology.

While the origins of the zombie outbreak in TheWalking Deadis unknown, every character in theshow is infected with the pathogen that causes the dead to come to life. The pathogen doesn't kill its hosts -- rather it remains dormant, and outwardly the host appears normal and healthy. The pathogen only becomes active when the host dies, reviving some parts the brain and cerebellum in the process which causes them to transform into a zombie. As long as the host remains alive and avoids bites or scratches from the dead, the pathogen will remain dormant until the moment of their demise.

RELATED:The Walking Dead: AMC Debunks a Major Rick Grimes Theory

The zombies from The Walking Dead havesuch a powerful sense of smellthat they candetect scents from miles away and can differentiate them betweenthe living or dead. In both the television series and the comics the show is adapted from, human characters can disguise their scents by covering themselves in gore, undead flesh or anything that smells of decay. Over time, the zombies' eyesight deteriorates, but their heightened sense of smell is their greatest asset and proves the most dangerous to Rick and his group of survivors.

The undead are inhumanly strong andpossess enough strengthtotear apart a human or animal with relative ease and ripapart limbs with little effort. While the zombie's strength depends on how long they've been reanimated, they can produce enough force to overpower even the strongest of humans, making them incredibly dangerous in combat. However, as the zombies decay, their strength wanes, so you'd have a better chance of survival if you encounter an older zombie.

RELATED:The Walking Dead Casts Jeffrey Dean Morgan's Wife, Hilarie Burton, as Negan's Spouse

Being dead with limited brain activity and supposedly no pain receptors, zombies fromThe Walking Dead feel no pain -- or at least they don't react to pain. They can absorb all manner of physical damage even though their bodies are no less durable -- and in fact, sometimes even weaker -- than that of a living human. Zombies can survive the worst of injuries, from losing limbs to impalement. Shots to the head, decapitation and spinal cord severing are the only things that can kill or weaken a zombie. As long as their brain is intact, zombies can function normally, even if they've lost their heads.

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Zombie Physiology, According to The Walking Dead | CBR - CBR - Comic Book Resources

Physiology

Finding the solution: Animal physiology lab makes most of hybrid format – Illinois State University News

In a lab designed to illustrate how living organisms operate, it only makes sense thered be an entire week dedicated to respiration systems. In previous Biological Sciences (BSC) 283: Animal Physiology courses, students would breathe into devices themselves to measure lung capacity and simulate different chronic conditions such as asthma.

But as the Center for Disease Control (CDC) has warned the public since the beginning of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, one of the fastest ways the novel virus travels is through the air. So, naturally, that type of assignment in a lab classroom was out of the question.

Illinois State students and faculty proved once again they could pivot to make the best of the situation.

Realizing quickly the original experiment wouldnt work, the class used crayfish instead, placing them in both low and high saline solutions. A compound called soda lime would absorb the carbon dioxide the creatures breathed out, and students then made an airtight seal on the containers so that the only opening was a tube containing a bubble of water. The resulting vacuum would pull the bubble further toward the container, creating an avenue to alternatively measure lung capacity.

Simple enough, right? Well, it still mirrored the original concept and purpose of the lab.

It was possible to do it this way, but it definitely required some adjustments, said graduate teaching assistant Shana Border.

While every class has been altered in some way due to safety and health protocols, lab classes that are most effective in a hands-on way have had to be extra creative.

In a night lab of BSC 283, students have had to work with each other in a hybrid format. Some are in the lab, and others are communicating via Zoom. They are paired off in groups of four, with two students on-site and the other two working virtually.

Its been an interesting transition, especially since half of our class is online and making sure they are able to see and learn as best as they can, said junior molecular and cellular biology major Teague Williamson, who has been at the lab primarily in-person. But you make adjustments to the format.

The class has conducted experiments on muscle contractions, respiratory function, and how signals get transmitted along nerves, just to name a few. Students have used crickets, cockroaches, earth worms, computer modeling, and their own bodies to complete the tasks, all while using the hybrid format.

The whole situation is obviously stressful, but all of my students immerse themselves into it and give it their all.

When it was clear early on that this would be the way the class was structured, the groups quickly got together and determined roles. The two working remotely for the night would be either the note-takers or directing the experiment, while the other two would do the hands-on work.

The labs instituted a poll where every week students can rate each other as group mates. That opened up lines of communication quickly and also provided an accountability factor. While challenging, the student scientists have risen to the occasion.

The whole situation is obviously stressful, but all of my students immerse themselves into it and give it their all, Border said. They always do whatever they are willing to do to make this work.

Theyve built some really strong rapports.

Border also noted how students have been particularly proactive with safety measures, whether thats properly distancing in the lab or making the decision to work virtually if they may have been exposed to the virus.

Dr. Wolfgang Stein teaches the course and relies on graduate teaching assistants like Border to lead the labs. Its been a group effort to safely and effectively navigate through the course, but students and faculty have made the necessary adjustments to make their learning just as meaningful.

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Physiology

The Evolving Role of Ion Channels in Shaping Successful Drug Discovery, Upcoming Webinar Hosted by Xtalks – PR Web

Targeting ion channels selectively has always been challenging. New, more specific modalities including antibodies, aptamers, peptides and knotbodies are also being explored.

TORONTO (PRWEB) November 05, 2020

There are over 200 ion channels in the human body, all playing a pivotal role in normal physiology. As such, they are important targets for drug therapies that modulate ion channels in critical pathways, or correct aberrant ion channel function. To date, there are over 150 marketed drugs that target ion channels. Many of these drugs are anaesthetics, anti-epileptics or are active in the cardiovascular system.

The importance of ion channels in the pharmaceutical industry is evolving. As knowledge of ion channel physiology and how to target ion channels evolves, therapeutic opportunities are becoming more diverse, extending to renal and respiratory disease, inflammation, cancer, pain and depression. How the pharmaceutical industry tests and explores ion channels is also evolving with high-throughput platforms and hiPSC models.

Targeting ion channels selectively has always been challenging. New, more specific modalities including antibodies, aptamers, peptides and knotbodies are also being explored. Finally, given the importance of ion channels in normal physiology, unwanted activity at ion channels in the heart or CNS can cause serious adverse effects and should be avoided. In this respect, screening for effects on ion channels is a key, rapidly developing area of drug discovery.

Consideration of these evolving areas in ion channel drug discovery is critical to the successful development of new medicines.

Join Dr. Michael Morton, Director, ApconiX Ltd in a live webinar on Thursday, November 19, 2020 at 11am EST (4pm GMT/UK).

For more information, or to register for this event, visit The Evolving Role of Ion Channels in Shaping Successful Drug Discovery.

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To learn more about Xtalks visit http://xtalks.comFor information about hosting a webinar visit http://xtalks.com/why-host-a-webinar/

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The Evolving Role of Ion Channels in Shaping Successful Drug Discovery, Upcoming Webinar Hosted by Xtalks - PR Web