All posts by medical

Immunology

Cue Biopharma Strengthens Scientific and Clinical Advisory Board … – Yahoo Finance

CAMBRIDGE, Mass.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--

Cue Biopharma, Inc. (Cue), an immunotherapy company developing biologics engineered to selectively modulate disease-relevant T cell subsets to treat cancer and autoimmune disease, announced the appointment of three new key opinion leaders to its scientific/clinical advisory board (SAB). The new members include Kenneth Pienta, M.D.; Jacques Banchereau, Ph.D.; and Karolina Palucka, M.D., Ph.D. These new members join Cues industry-leading SAB, which consists of three experts in immunology, immuno-oncology and protein design.

We are very pleased with the additional knowledge and expertise that these three leading researchers and clinicians bring to our SAB in the fields of immunology and immuno-oncology, as Cue continues to advance its programs towards the clinic, said Daniel Passeri, M.Sc., J.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Cue Biopharma.

These new scientific/clinical advisory board members bring invaluable experience that complements our existing members, and we have already begun integrating them into our advisory function, said Steven Almo, Ph.D., Chair of the Department of Biochemistry at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, scientific founder of Cue and Chairman of the Cue Scientific and Clinical Advisory Board.

Cues scientific and clinical advisory board now contains six leading oncology, immuno-oncology, immunology and protein design experts:

About Cue Biopharma

Immune Responses, On Cue. Cue Biopharma(Cue) is an immunotherapy company developing biologics engineered to selectively communicate with disease-relevant T cell subsets to treat cancer and autoimmune disease. Cue biologics have the potential to be highly effective as monotherapies as well as synergistic with existing checkpoint inhibitors, while reducing collateral toxicities often seen with less selective immunotherapies. Through this platform approach, Cue has developed a promising pipeline with its lead candidate currently approaching the clinic. Headquartered in Kendall Square, Cambridge, MA, Cue is led by a strong, experienced management team and scientific/clinical advisory board with deep expertise in the design and clinical development of protein biologics, immunology and immuno-oncology.

For more information, visitwww.cuebio.com.

View source version on businesswire.com: http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20170222005333/en/

Continue reading here:
Cue Biopharma Strengthens Scientific and Clinical Advisory Board ... - Yahoo Finance

Genetics

Athens Academy evolutionary genetics class works with UGA scientists – Online Athens

Students at Athens Academys evolutionary genetics class worked with scientists from the University of Georgias Center for Applied Genetic Technologies last week.

The students spent time phenotyping mutant soybean plants that have a transposable element inserted in their genome.

The work was part of the Soybean Mutagenesis Project, a project funded by the National Science Foundation.

Visit link:
Athens Academy evolutionary genetics class works with UGA scientists - Online Athens

Cell Biology

Hopkins scientists are engineering cells to eat deadly bacteria … – Baltimore Sun

Researchers at the Johns Hopkins University are working to engineer single-cell organisms that will seek out and eat bacteria that are deadly to humans.

Their work combines the fields of biology and engineering in an emerging discipline known as synthetic biology.

Although the work is still in its infancy, the researchers' engineered amoeba cells could be unleashed one day in hospitals to kill Legionella, the bacteria that cause Legionnaire's disease, a type of pneumonia; or Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a dangerous, drug-resistant bacteria associated with various infections and other life-threatening medical conditions in hospital patients.

Because amoebas are able to travel on their own over surfaces, the engineered cells also could be used to clean soil of bacterial contaminants, or even destroy microbes living on medical instruments. If the scientists are successful at making the cells perform tasks, it also could have important implications for research into cancer and other diseases.

"We're using this as a test bed for determining do we understand how cells work to the point where we can engineer them to perform certain tasks," said Douglas N. Robinson, a professor of cell biology and a member of the Hopkins team. "It's an opportunity to demonstrate that we understand what we think we understand. I think it's an opportunity to push what we're doing scientifically to another level."

The five-member team's work began in October after it received a four-year, $5.7 million federal contract from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, known as DARPA.

Douglas said they want the engineered cells to respond to dangerous bacteria the way a human might respond to the smell of a freshly baked plate of cookies to immediately crave a cookie, walk into the kitchen and eat some.

Engineering cells to perform such tasks remains a work in progress.

"In practice it hasn't gone terribly well," said Pablo A. Iglesias, a professor of electrical and computer engineering and a member of the Hopkins team. "People manage to do things but it takes huge amounts of effort and it's more or less random. There has to be a lot of iterations before it works."

David Odde, a professor of biomedical engineering at the University of Minnesota, hailed the research as exciting, especially since antibiotic resistance is on the rise. He said the team would face many challenges.

"I think getting the cells to sense the bacteria robustly might be a challenge, and I'm sure they're aware of that," he said. "The cells have to sense something that the immune system has failed to sense."

The research could lead to new discoveries beyond what the team is focusing on, Odde said. They could learn more about how amoebas sense the bacteria and how that signals to them that they should move forward and eat, he said.

"How does the signaling inform the eating parts?" he said. "They might make new discoveries about how these cross systems talk to each other which will be really valuable for this project and many other projects."

The amoeba they are using, Dictyostelium discoideum, is commonly found in damp soil and naturally eats bacteria after sensing the biochemical scent of it. Since the amoeba eats bacteria, the researchers must program it to go after the kind of bacteria that they want it to eat, instead of other types of bacteria.

Robinson, the cell biology professor, will study how the amoeba's "legs" power movement. Peter Devreotes, another cell biology professor on the team, will study what happens in the amoeba's "brain" once it senses the bacteria nearby. Iglesias, a computational biologist, has expertise in control systems, once designing airplane controllers, and he will help design the biological controller used to steer the amoeba in the right direction.

The other two team members, Tamara O'Connor, an assistant professor in the Hopkins department of biological chemistry, and Takanari Inoue, an associate professor of cell biology, will try to ensure the amoeba goes after the right bacteria and link the amoeba's "brain" and "legs."

Andre Levchenko, a professor of biomedical engineering at Yale University, said that it might take a lot to "foolproof" the mechanism and that unexpected problems may arise, such as mutations in the cells.

"What would be interesting to see is how stable their new engineered organisms are. With anything that is alive and adaptable and dynamic, it's always a concern when you engineer it," Levchenko said. "I've been very impressed with this particular proposal. It's risky, but it does have a lot of elements that make me think it'll be very successful."

Dennis Discher, Director of the National Cancer Institute's Physical Sciences Oncology Center at the University of Pennsylvania, said that "the time is right" for this type of research.

"It's intriguing to not just think about cells in your body, but amoeba that usually are sort of good for nothing except basic biological science and repurpose them for other uses," he said.

Robinson said it may be hard to get the amoebas to move properly toward the bacteria they want it to eat because the controller could cause it to overshoot and end up too far away.

Iglesias said that under the contract with DARPA, the team will have to meet benchmarks every six months. The first benchmark was to prove that the amoeba's controller can be inserted successfully, which Iglesias said they have done.

The task was difficult because the amoebas are the size of a micron, or about 1/10th of the width of a human hair. They can also move fairly quickly, Iglesias said.

DARPA "wants you to think big and do something big, and I think in that respect it's pretty exciting," Iglesias said.

cwells@baltsun.com

Read more:
Hopkins scientists are engineering cells to eat deadly bacteria ... - Baltimore Sun

Biochemistry

UM Chemistry Department Achieves National Recognition For Diversity – HottyToddy.com

The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry has attracted several top female honors students to the program through its biochemistry emphasis. Photo by Robert Jordan/Ole Miss Communications Photo by Robert Jordan/Ole Miss Communications

Mixing people, like chemicals, can yield either victorious or violent results. The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of Mississippi has done so successfully and recently was nationally recognized for its achievements.

The American Chemical Society presented the department with its Stanley C. Israel Regional Award for Advancing Diversity in the Chemical Sciences for the Southeastern Region. The department received a plaque and $1,000 to continue its efforts.

We are honored that the departments long-term and continued commitment to increasing diversity in a central STEM discipline has been recognized with this significant award, said Greg Tschumper, chair and professor of chemistry and biochemistry.

The nomination package submitted by the UM local section of ACS included a number of accolades, which were the direct result of the departments longstanding efforts to increase participation of women and underrepresented minorities in chemistry. Of particular note was the hiring of Davita Watkins, the departments first African-American woman as an assistant professor, in 2014.

Three recent African-American graduates, Margo Montgomery-Richardson, Kari Copeland and Shana Stoddard, were hired as assistant professors at Alcorn State University, Allen University and Rhodes College, respectively.

Also, a former summer program participant, Sharifa T. Love-Rutledge, who at the time was a Tougaloo College undergraduate, made history by becoming the first African-American woman to earn a chemistry degree at the University of Alabama.

Overall, five African-Americans and one Hispanic, three of whom are women, earned their chemistry doctorates from the Ole Miss chemistry department over a one-year period in 2012-13.

Other notable achievements include a graduate population that has maintained a 30 percent to 50 percent female and a 10 percent to 15 percent minority rate over the past five years and an undergraduate forensic chemistry program where 76 percent of the majors are women.

The department has vigorously adopted a number of new strategies to recruit underrepresented students into the chemistry program, said Nathan Hammer, associate professor of chemistry and biochemistry.

There is a new awards celebration, which, in 2015 alone, recognized 32 female undergraduate chemistry students. The department has implemented a welcome to school picnic for undergraduate chemistry students, which also has increased the number of women and minority chemistry majors.

Further, the department recently modified its ACS-accredited Bachelor of Science in Chemistry program to have an optional biochemistry emphasis to attract pre-med students, which resulted in women becoming nearly half those majors.

Katrina Caldwell, UM vice chancellor for diversity and community engagement, commended the department for its efforts and subsequent recognition.

Congratulations to the department for receiving this honor, Caldwell said. Your efforts will contribute greatly to the universitys demonstrated commitment to diversity and equity.

The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry has more than 500 undergraduate chemistry majors and nearly 50 graduate students. It offers Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, masters and doctoral degrees.

The UM local section of the ACS in north Mississippi encompasses 21 counties. The chapters goals focus on meaningful social and professional relationships between chemistry-related professionals including high school and college students, teachers at all levels of the chemical sciences and professional chemists.

For more information about the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, visit http://chemistry.olemiss.edu/.

By Edwin Smith

View post:
UM Chemistry Department Achieves National Recognition For Diversity - HottyToddy.com

Anatomy

Style anatomy: Alizeh Pasha – The Express Tribune

The Fashion and Beauty Editor at OK! Pakistan, and the force behind the blog, Diary Of A Pasha, breaks down her style

The Fashion and Beauty Editor at OK! Pakistan, and the force behind the blog, Diary Of A Pasha, breaks down her style. Learn from her why sometimes, its best to break the rules

Understanding your body is the key to looking good and a trait found amongst all impeccably dressed fashionistas. While people shy away from talking about their bodies, these brave souls explain how they work their anatomies to their advantage.

How would you describe your body type?

Im definitely apple-shaped and slightly rectangular too. I dont have those desi hips but I do have a huge belly.

Has your body type changed over the last five years?

My body type hasnt changed, but my body size has. Unfortunately I have increased from a European size 8 to a 12!

How has your style changed over the years?

My style mantra has always been classic with a twist of glam or classic with a little bit of funk. My size doesnt allow me to be too trendy, and I feel one should dress according to what flatters them no matter what the trends are. So if I want to incorporate a trend, I usually use it as an accessory.

In your opinion what is your most troublesome area?

My belly!

How do you dress your body according to your body type?

I wear looser and longer shirts, add a belt to hide the bulges, wear a jacket when necessary, or wear something flattering like an empire-line or a one-shoulder top.

In your opinion what is the biggest mistake a person can make while dressing here?

Fashion is a way of expression, and I dont think it should be taken too seriously. I believe people can make whatever mistakes they want. Trying to dress proportionately is important, but attaining fulfilment and happiness is more valuable. So wear a short dress even if you have cankles because you only live once!

Which silhouettes suit your body the most?

I prefer to go with the flow. If something pleases me Ill wear it, but I stay clear of short tops, if my pants are tighter.

What is the one piece of clothing that you shy away from wearing and why?

I would say a short choli or a crop-top, because of my shape.

Read the original post:
Style anatomy: Alizeh Pasha - The Express Tribune

Anatomy

Grey’s Anatomy Recap: All Stirred Up – Vulture

Jessica Capshaw as Arizona, James Pickens Jr. as Webber. Photo: Eric McCandless/ABC

Back Where You Belong Season 13 Episode 14

Editor's Rating 3 stars

If youve read even one of these Greys Anatomy recaps, you know that my fuse is short when it comes to Jo Wilson. Does it make me cold and unfeeling if I admit to spending the majority of Back Where You Belong yelling at Jo whenever she appeared onscreen? Listen, I am not making light of the terrible things she has endured. The girl has had it rough. BUT COME ON. You are a doctor, lady. When your patient is in trouble, you set aside your feelings no matter how valid they may be and you save that patients life. I feel like that must be the No. 1 rule of doctorhood. At least top five.

Of course, it wasnt surprising that this happened. Jo makes everything about herself! When shes put on a mother-son kidney transplant and her patients abusive father shows up uninvited to the life-saving party, its only a matter of time until she makes this about her own tragic situation.

After the transplant goes awry and the abusive jerk of a father, Ken, offers his own kidney to keep both his son and estranged wife alive, Jo goes ballistic. She doesnt want him anywhere near them. He shouldnt be given a chance to worm his way back into their lives and Cynthia, his wife, should most certainly not be left without a choice in the matter. While all of this is true, there is no time to debate. Two lives are on the line. No one wants to use this guys kidney, but there is no time. As Arizona points out, The choice that keeps everyone alive is the right one.

Jo goes on to harass Ken before hes put under. NO, JO. You suck it up now, then after youve done your job, you go out into the parking lot and sob into Owen Hunts strong, caring arms. Do you think Stephanie wanted to operate on a young boy so soon after her traumatic experience losing one on the table? No. But Stephanie Edwards is a professional. Anyway, Jo fans out there: Help a recapper out. Sell me on your girl, because I am struggling here.

If Jo would like to see how its done, all she has to do is take a quick peek at what Nathan Riggs is up to at the moment. He, too, is faced with a patient story that hits way too close to home, but he keeps his feelings out in the hallway, thank you very much. All jokes aside, this is a great story line that sheds light on both the stigma of mental health and a supporting character who could use a little shading. Its easily the highlight of the episode.

A homeless, mentally unstable woman wanders into the ER and shes put under the care of Riggs, DeLuca, and Maggie. The woman is incoherent, but the good docs discover her ancient-looking pacemaker is causing issues, so they need to replace it. Riggs comes up with the bright idea to use the serial number on the womans pacemaker to figure out her name and maybe, like, an emergency contact or two.

The plan works! Before long, the womans mother, Gwen, arrives at Grey Sloan Memorial. She explains that her daughter, Claire, has been gone for 12 years after seemingly being abducted from her college dorm room. The family had a funeral for her. She has a gravestone. So imagine Gwens (and later her ex-husband Tims) complete and utter shock when she learns that her daughter is alive. Its a bittersweet moment.

Meanwhile, Maggie is standing by very confused. Why isnt this reunion more of a happy ending? Riggs has to spell it out for her. Gwen and Tim buried their daughter. They gave up on her, moved on, and have been living their lives while their own daughter was out in the world, homeless and alone. Theyll never forgive themselves for that, he explains. And they never should. Oof. Rough stuff, right? Sure, its an on-the-nose parallel to Riggss situation with his missing fiance, but that doesnt make his rare moment of vulnerability any less moving.

Claire is eventually diagnosed with schizophrenia and put on a heavy round of meds. Gwen and Tim are warned that their daughter may not recognize her own parents. She doesnt at first, but after shes given some time to calm down, she finally greets them. From the hallway, Riggs watches the family get the happy ending that hell never have. (Or will he?!) RIGGS IS CRYING, YOU GUYS. Be still my heart. Tears coming out of a face that has a head of hair like that? Yes, please and thank you.

Maggie is also moved by seeing a new side of Riggs. She goes home, crawls into the Sister Bed, and tells Meredith about what went down. Meredith gets it. When Derek died, she had one day of not knowing where she was. She tried to stay calm, she explains, but inside was going crazy. I guess its like that for Nathan every day. Even Maggie admits that Meredith understands what Riggs must be going through. So, I guess were getting back into the whole Meredith-Riggs-Maggie thing of it all. More important, does this Riggs story line mean that were one step closer to Megan turning up alive? Am I the only one still holding out hope for this?

Meredith finally answers the question thats been on everyones mind: If Mer is on the board of the hospital, how on Earth could Bailey have the power to suspend her? Checks and balances, people. Or plot contrivances, maybe.

Poor Mer realizes that her suspension might be less of a vacation and more of a prison sentence. Shes stuck in the house all day with Amelia, back from Stephanies and still moping around the house.

A thing I do not find amusing: Arizona being into Eliza Minnick for real. (Wheres the heat?) A thing I find very amusing: Richard Webbers repeated use of the word menace to describe Eliza Minnick. Hes going to be so hurt when he finds out!

Bailey takes her coffee black, and also, no prisoners.

Weve been deprived of a good Meredith-Richard scene for a while, so having Richard tell Meredith to stop sticking up for him and get back to work, all while poking a little fun at Ellis, is a welcome return. Also, its only right that Webber gets Meredith to return to Grey Sloan.

Merediths impression of Ellis Grey for days and days, please.

Jacksons as snarky as a teenage girl when hes angry. Most people have seemingly gotten over Aprils decision to take Merediths job, but not her baby daddy. Since this is probably all leading up to a big romantic reunion, I will allow it for now.

The Greys Anatomy Kid Watch is back on. Zola, Bailey, and Ellis: If you can hear this, call out!

It took two words to undo me: Hi, mom.

Karl Lagerfeld Calls Out Meryl Streep for Canceling Oscars Dress Order; Streeps Reps Deny It

Pamela Anderson Certainly Seems Fine With You Believing That She and Julian Assange Are Romantically Involved

Connie Britton Leaves Nashville Fans With the Cold Comfort of a Heartfelt Coda After That Momentous Episode

These flamingos know how to party.

Ronald Reagan was the last president to skip the event, but that was because he was recovering from an assassination attempt.

Time to test your patience.

I have had more stimulating conversation with this man than all my ex husbands and lovers combined.

Unwind and get some rest, Nat.

The boxing legends family is considering a lawsuit over the incident.

Just some wise counsel from a good friend.

To which we say, ohhhhhh.

Dont cry because its over, smile because you screamed a lot.

Yikes.

Industry veterans discuss whether they truly can separate art from artist.

Edward R. Murrow and political activism, two of George Clooneys favorite things!

Retiring in (bloody, hyper-violent) style.

Khateeb worked on the film The White Helmets.

The man was reportedly found with a bag over his head.

More here:
Grey's Anatomy Recap: All Stirred Up - Vulture

Physiology

How being funny changes your brain – USC News

What happens in your brain when you tell a joke? Well, that appears to depend on whether you do that for a living.

Researchers in USCs Image Understanding Laboratory studied professional improvisation comedians many from the Los Angeles Groundlings comedy troupe and amateur comics in the act of coming up with a quip. Their aim: Gain a better understanding of the neural correlates of humor creativity that is, see how the brains physiology changes when a person tries to be funny.

For the study, both pro and amateur comedians, as well as a control group of non-comedians, viewed New Yorker cartoons without words and were asked to come up with two captions for them one funny and one mundane.

Participants were scanned by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) machines to track their brain activity as they created the captions. Each comic scanned and an outside panel of participants rated each of the captions for humor.

The results showed that two regions of the brain were activated when the participants came up with jokes the medial prefrontal cortex and the temporal association regions. However, the regions activated were different depending on the persons level of expertise.

What we found is that the more experienced someone is at doing comedy, the more activation we saw in the temporal lobe, said USC doctoral student Ori Amir, who led the study with Irving Biederman, professor of psychology and computer science. The temporal lobe receives sensory information and is the region of the brain key to comprehending speech and visual cognition. Its also where abstract information, semantic information and remote associations meaningfully converge.

In contrast, the amateur comedians and non-comedians relied on their prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for executive functions like planning complex cognitive behavior and decision-making.

The professional improv comedians let their free associations give them solutions, Biederman said.

To put it another way, The more experience you have doing comedy, the less you need to engage in the top-down control and the more you rely on your spontaneous associations, Amir said.

The researchers also found that funniness ratings were higher for captions created while the participants had higher activity in the temporal regions of their brain during humor creation.

Amir noted that across different studies that seek to understand the neural correlates of creativity in the brain, the medial prefrontal cortex is the one region consistently connected to creativity.

The question is what does it do exactly? It seems like its not the source of creativity, but rather the cognitive control top-down director of the creative process, he said. The creativity itself appears to occur elsewhere depending on the creative task.

In the past, scientists have studied the neural correlates of creativity with tasks such as writing a poem, improvising jazz or drawing a picture, but humor offered Amir and Biederman a unique pathway to study how the brain processes creation.

Humor is an outstanding testbed for studying creativity, Biederman said. It has a clear beginning, middle and end with a duration brief enough for neuroimaging. Also, the end product is easy to evaluate: Does it make you laugh? When someone creates an original composition or a poem, assessing the quality is not as clear-cut.

The study builds on the research from Biedermans Image Understanding Laboratory, which studies the cortical basis of high-level visual recognition. The same temporal lobe regions that show high activation from humor are also activated by the aesthetic experience of appreciating a magnificent vista, for instance.

Biederman noted that the activation, and hence the pleasure, is greatly reduced by the repetition of any experience. The thrill is gone the second time we hear the joke, read the book or see a movie. Thus the pleasure isnt an end in and of itself, but it is what drives us to continually seek new and richly interpretable experiences. This then renders us, as Biederman has termed it, infovores, meaning humans are hardwired to crave new information and experiences.

Biederman holds the Harold Dornsife Chair in Neurosciences at the USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences. Amir is now a postdoctoral researcher at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Their findings were published in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.

More stories about: Neurosciences, Research

Listen to what USC researcher says about people who could have an enhanced ability to experience intense emotions.

When political beliefs are challenged, a persons brain becomes active in areas that govern personal identity and emotional responses to threats, USC researchers find.

A combination of stressors and inflammation-provoking particulates could mean more cognitive impairment for vulnerable older adults, USC researcher says

Berislav Zlokovic receives new funding to explore the prevention of Alzheimers and dementia.

Visit link:
How being funny changes your brain - USC News

Immunology

Frontier Pharma: Versatile Innovation in Immunology Large … – Satellite PR News (press release)

Albany, New York, February 25, 2017:Market Research Hub includes new market research report Frontier Pharma: Versatile Innovation in Immunology Large Therapy Area Pipeline with a High Degree of Repositioning Potential to its huge collection of research reports.Immunology is a large therapy area characterized by disorders of the immune system specifically an aberrant immune response against healthy tissues present in the body, leading to chronic or acute inflammation. Depending on the specific site affected, this can lead to various types of chronic pain and loss of mobility, and have a negative impact on quality of life.

Request Free Sample Report http://www.marketresearchhub.com/enquiry.php?type=S&repid=970728

This disease area has a total of 2,145 products in active development, trailing only oncology, infectious diseases and central nervous system disorders in terms of pipeline size. There are a total of 529 immunology pipeline products that act on first-in-class molecular targets, representing approximately 40% of the total immunology pipeline for which the molecular target was disclosed.

Due to a degree of crossover between immunology indications in terms of their underlying pathophysiology, it is not uncommon for products being developed for this therapy area to have developmental programs testing them across multiple indications.

Approximately one-fifth of first-in-class pipeline products are in development for two or more indications within the therapy area. This presents an opportunity for companies to develop innovative products across multiple immune disorders, and therefore reach a larger pool of patients than products developed for single indications.

Scope

Browse Full Report with TOC http://www.marketresearchhub.com/report/frontier-pharma-versatile-innovation-in-immunology-large-therapy-area-pipeline-with-a-high-degree-of-repositioning-potential-report.html

Reasons to buy

Related Reports:-

Global 3D Cell Culture Scaffold Market Research Report 2017-http://www.marketresearchhub.com/report/global-3d-cell-culture-scaffold-market-research-report-2017-report.html

Global Sugar Sphere Market Professional Survey Report 2017- http://www.marketresearchhub.com/report/global-sugar-sphere-market-professional-survey-report-2017-report.html

Global Human Milk Oligosaccharides Market 2016 Industry, Analysis, Research, Share, Growth, Sales, Trends, Supply, Forecast to 2021-http://www.marketresearchhub.com/report/global-human-milk-oligosaccharides-market-2016-industry-analysis-research-share-growth-sales-trends-supply-forecast-to-2021-report.html

About Market Research Hub

Market Research Hub (MRH) is a next-generation reseller of research reports and analysis. MRHs expansive collection of market research reports has been carefully curated to help key personnel and decision makers across industry verticals to clearly visualize their operating environment and take strategic steps.

MRH functions as an integrated platform for the following products and services: Objective and sound market forecasts, qualitative and quantitative analysis, incisive insight into defining industry trends, and market share estimates. Our reputation lies in delivering value and world-class capabilities to our clients.

See the article here:
Frontier Pharma: Versatile Innovation in Immunology Large ... - Satellite PR News (press release)

Human Behavior

Wilkinson: The history of personality theory – The Ledger

By Dr. Berney Wilkinson Ledger correspondent

Although he takes a bad rap on late night TV and he is roundly criticized by many in the profession, it is good to stop once in a while to give Freud the respect he deserves. He was, for example, the first to argue that children were not just little adults who didnt know how to act and talk. Thankfully (at least for kids) he taught us that they are still a work in progress, and that we shouldnt expect children to think like or behavior like adults. Likewise, he was the first to offer a unified theory of personality. Prior to Freud, we relied on religion and philosophy to explain human behavior. Freud gave us a biological and more human explanation. And while he may have been wrong about some things and only partially accurate about some others, he gave the foundation on which all other personality theory is built. Simply put, your personality is who you are and why you act and react the way you do. Your personality forms the foundation and provides the lens through which you perceive, interpret, and interact with the world around you. And while it explains why we do the things we do, our personality generally functions in the background. Thus, while we can often identify certain personality traits in others, we sometimes have a difficult time identifying our own. We are who we are, and we generally assume that other normal people are exactly the same. Personality is rooted in our biology. If you are a parent, for example, you were able to identify your childs temperament from very early infancy. Whether easy or difficult, that early appearing temperament formed the foundation from which personality develops. What we build on that foundation, though, is based in large part on our experiences. If a child is nurtured, develops a secure attachment, and has his or her needs met early in life, the child develops a healthy and safe view of the world. Conversely, if a child is neglected, abandoned, or abused, the child is at increased risk for developing a suspicious, fear-based, or even angry world view. Since Freud first wrote about personality, theorists have developed numerous organizing schemes to describe personality. Currently, most professionals refer to the Big Five theory of personality. The Big Five consists of five dimensions of personality that include Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism. Extraversion refers to the extent to which you direct your energy and focus to the outside world. Openness to Experience is related to the manner in which you actively seek new and interesting experiences. Conscientiousness explains your degree of organization, motivation, and self-discipline. Agreeableness refers to your interactions with others. Neuroticism identifies how prone a person is to psychological distress. Together, these five traits help to offer an understanding and appreciation of how individual manage their world and make decisions. It is important to keep in mind that while this Big Five model helps explain typical personality traits, it does not offer an adequate basis for a discussion on personality disorders. The latter are extreme or pathological variations in personality that can exert a negative influence and impair a persons ability to function. And that is a discussion for another time. For now, remember that who you are is rooted in an intricate combination of biology and experience. And that our understanding of this critical aspect of ourselves comes from one of the fathers of psychiatry, Dr. Sigmund Freud.

Dr. Berney, a licensed psychologist with Psychological Associates of Central Florida in Lakeland, is a national speaker and the co-author of "Handbook for Raising an Emotionally Healthy Child." You can hear Dr. Berney on his podcasts, "The Mental Breakdown and The Paedeia Education Podcast on iTunes.

Link:
Wilkinson: The history of personality theory - The Ledger

Cell Biology

New method reveals how proteins stabilize the cell surface – Science Daily

To withstand external mechanical stress and handle trafficking of various substances, a cell needs to adjust its surrounding membrane. This is done through small indentations on the cell surface called caveolae. In order to stabilize its membrane, cells use the protein EHD2, which can be turned on and off to alternate between an inactive closed form and an active open form. The discovery, made by Ume University researchers and colleagues, was recently published in the journal PNAS.

Caveolae play a key role when cells adjust to their surrounding environment. An absence of these small indentations is associated with severe diseases where muscles and fat cells disintegrate or where cells of the blood vessels are malfunctioning. In a collaboration involving a broad spectrum of biophysical, biochemical and cell biological analysis, researchers have identified the mechanistic cycle of the protein EHD2 and how it regulates the dynamics of caveolae on the cell membrane.

"The fact that the EHD2 protein helps the cells to adjust to their environment could be critically important for how caveolae affect the ability of muscle cells to repair or the absorption and storing abilities of fat cells," says Richard Lundmark, who is researcher at the Department of Integrative Medical Biology at Ume University and corresponding author of the article.

The discovery was made by the research group of Richard Lundmark at the Department of Integrative Medical Biology and the Laboratory of Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), along with colleagues at Gothenburg University in Sweden and Albert-Ludwigs-Universitt Freiburg and Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg in Germany.

The researchers demonstrate how the molecule ATP serves as a fuel allowing EHD2 to bind to the cell membrane and assume an open state where parts of the protein are inserted into the cell membrane. This position allows for the formation of so-called oligomers from the protein, which stabilizes the membrane in a fixed state. When the ATP-molecules have been spent, the protein is released from the membrane and assumes an inactive and closed state. The EHD2 protein's internal domains keeps it in this inhibited form when it is not in contact with a cell membrane.

"This research shows how the mechanistic cycle of EHD2 that we describe plays a key role for the caveolae's ability to stabilize cell membranes," says Richard Lundmark.

In the article, the researchers also describe how they used a new method based on the absorption and reflection of infrared light. Together with advanced analytics, this new method can be used to study structures of the membrane-bound states of proteins, which is difficult to achieve using other techniques. Using this method, the researchers were able to show the drastic conformational change in EHD2 when it binds to a membrane.

Story Source:

Materials provided by Umea University. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

View original post here:
New method reveals how proteins stabilize the cell surface - Science Daily