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Good genetics help make easy-care herd – Western Producer (subscription)

MARWAYNE, Alta. Art Wheat says it feels like Christmas when the bull catalogues start arriving at his farm in eastern Alberta.

I look for cattle that bend the curve, he said, referring to cattle with low birth weights and high weaning rates.

I want lots of weight in the fall because I get paid on pounds.

He, with his partner and kindergarten teacher Kathy Kent, combine forces to operate T-Bone Cattle Co., renting and owning eight quarters of land and calving 300 cows in their commercial herd.

They retain some heifer calves for breeding and steers, selling some of each in fall. As well, they favour low maintenance cows and avoid larger framed animals.

Art is very selective, Kathy said.

We dont want to touch anything if we dont have to.

An easy-care herd begins with good genetics.

This day, son-in-law Justin Hozack is preparing hair samples from his bulls for DNA testing. He and Arts daughter, Dr. Joan Wheat Hozack, have launched their own operation by buying land with Art and acquiring cattle.

Were trying to figure out traits on the bulls, good and bad. Then well know what well use on our calves, said Justin, who has worked on a sheep farm in New Zealand and a cattle farm near Calgary and has taken courses in artificial insemination.

Its early days in the Wheat farm succession plan, but the couple currently resides on an acreage closer to Marwayne and keeps their animals at the family farm.

Arts three daughters pursue careers off the farm. Kate is helping on the farm while doing an instrumentation apprenticeship, while Joan is an orthopedic surgeon in Lloydminster and Jill is a lawyer in Edmonton.

Kathy has two adult children who are not involved in the farm.

Over the years, family and friends have gathered to help with branding and cattle drives.

I like to move my cows slowly, said Art, who uses horses almost exclusively for cattle chores.

These days, Art trails cattle partway to distant pastures and trucks them the rest of the way because of increased traffic and lack of labour.

He shows off a double alley Bud Box handling area that allows for a good flow of cattle into the squeeze chutes and back out to the pens.

Art has his oats and corn custom seeded, harvested and silaged.

I dont have time, said Art, whose cattle graze standing corn in the fall and winter.

Kathy assists with farm chores, which can include checking cows, making ear tags, preparing medications and overseeing meals when large groups gather to help out on the farm or enjoy a barn dance and gymkhana.

The farms origins date back to Arts mothers uncle, who came here from Ireland in 1903. Without children of his own, he passed the farm on to Arts parents, Margaret and Frank, who operated a mixed farm here and raised six children.

When Art started farming, he chose the T-Bone Cattle name because its memorable.

When you hear it, you associate it with cattle and ranching, he said.

Keen to farm from an early age, he prepared by studying farm and ranch production at Olds College and briefly did artificial insemination work on hockey legend Bobby Hulls cattle farm near Winnipeg.

T-Bone maintains a website, http://www.tbonecattleco.com, selling cattle online and young steer calves to a small family feedlot. He previously exported semen from a commercial bull to Ireland.

The family is active in ranch rodeos and cow horse events such as reining, calf (chalk) branding, trailer loading of heifers and penning.

Art said its a way to hone their skills and promote the horses they raise, train and sell. They have 25 brood mares, colts and yearlings, of which eight are used in their operation.

Its all done with horses, we like to keep it that way, said Art, who grew up riding horses.

His daughters were also involved in 4-H light horse and cattle programs.

They knew more about horses than I did, said Art.

Kathy praised 4-H for instilling in participants a strong work ethic and sense of responsibility in caring for stock.

The last two years have been decent for cattle, said Art, who cited BSE, poor cattle prices and drought among the farms many past challenges.

He managed BSE simply by cutting spending.

It set you back, said Art, citing deteriorating vehicles, equipment and corrals as a result of such austerity. No new genetics were introduced, and animals were also kept longer than they should have.

Were still working our way out of it, he said.

Off-farm activities for Art have included sitting on Albertas Livestock Identification Services board, serving as president of a local community pasture and belonging to a grazing group.

Kathy said Art has much knowledge to impart to the next generation.

Its a time in Arts life when hes ready to pass that knowledge on, said Kathy.

That includes a good eye for cattle.

He knows how to read them, work them properly, she said.

The couple plan to be involved with the farm in some way for another five to 10 years, maybe with fewer cattle.

They took a warm weather holiday this winter and think more of that may be in their future.

We may holiday more because Justin is here and we are able to get away, said Kathy.

Its hard to leave this property. Old ranchers are all the same, said Art.

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Good genetics help make easy-care herd - Western Producer (subscription)

THREE THINGS TO DO | Leominster Champion – Leominster Champion

1: Fourth Annual Central MA Science Festival

How do bees make honey? What makes a robot move? How are storms created? Get the answers to these questions and more at the Fourth Annual Central MA Science Festival, to be held from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. Saturday, April 15 at the Boys & Girls Club of Fitchburg and Leominster, located at 365 Lindell Ave. in Leominster. The Central MA Science Festival is a free event featuring more than 25 interactive science and technology exhibits. This years lineup of activities and events will inspire the scientist in all of us. Local scientists and educators will offer hands-on activities such as beekeeping, astronomy, robotics, oceanography aviation, gold mining, holograms, a Lazer Obstacle Course and embryology. The Central MA Science Festival is the largest Science Festival in North Central Massachusetts, and is held in affiliation with the Cambridge Science Festival. The festival is sponsored by the Jacqueline Lavallee Trust, Market Basket, Omnova and Digital Federal Credit Union. For more information about the festival, please visit http://www.CentralMAScienceFestival.org.

2: Easter Funday at City Hall

The City of Leominster is sponsoring an Easter Funday from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. Friday, April 14 at Leominster City Hall. The event will include the Easter Bunny giving out eggs to the kids and taking photos, Debbie Richards doing story time, tables to decorate your own cookie, plant your own plant or make Fruit Loop necklaces, activities from Project Apples, bunnies and chicks from 4-H, a lamb from A Few of Ewe Farm, Lilyfaces with a backdrop taking free photos, and a new Peanuts cutout in which to take photos.

3: Dance2Swing with The Tom Nutile Big Band

Dance2Swing with The Tom Nutile Big Band will be held from 6:45-10:30 p.m. Sunday, April 16 at the Leominster-Fitchburg Lodge of Elks, 134 North Main St. (Route 12), Leominster. A Beginner Group Swing Dance Lesson will be offered at 6:45 p.m., followed by the show at 7:30 p.m. Admission for the band is $14. For more information, call (978) 728-4533 or visit http://www.dance2swing.com.

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THREE THINGS TO DO | Leominster Champion - Leominster Champion

A Whale of a Story (RJS) – Patheos (blog)

No this one isnt about Jonah. Rather it is about the fossil evidence and other evidence for the evolution of whales. Dennis Venema digs into this example in Adam and the Genome. Robert Asher has a chapter on whale evolution in his book Evolution of Belief. (Robert Asher is a paleontologist at Cambridge, specializing in the paleontology of mammals.) Gary Fugle also discusses whale evolution in his excellent book Laying Down Arms to Heal the Creation-Evolution Divide. As it happens some of my colleagues have been deeply involved in the study of whale evolution and we have several examples on display across the street.

Even Charles Darwin knew that whales were mammals. This led him to propose in his first edition of On the Origin of Species that they evolved from land animals perhaps from something like an aquatic bear. This proposal earned him a great deal of ridicule (Dennis quotes a rather acerbic example) and Darwin reduced his discussion of whale evolution in subsequent editions. While the identification of whales as mammals was once a poster child for anti-evolution forces, it has become one of the strongest examples of evolution available with a multitude of transitional fossils, most of them discovered in the last forty years. The whale also captures our imagination. Massive sea-faring mammals.

Darwin picked the wrong land animal, rather than a bear he should have chosen a pig, or a hippopotamus. Whales and porpoises (cetaceans) are even-toed ungulates like both of these mammals. The evidence for evolution of whales from an early even-toed ungulate comes in multiple threads.

(1) The fossil record. A string of intermediate forms have been identified (image above is a Basilosaurus fossil). Many of these fossils retain clear evidence of hind limbs gradually disappearing through the millions of generations. If you click on the image above you can see the hind limbs in the lower right corner. These are rudimentary, perhaps of use in reproduction, but certainly not for locomotion. The ankle bones of these ancient whale precursors have a structure similar to that of even-toed hoofed animals and one distinctive from other mammals.

The whale fin has the same external hydrodynamic structure as fish but the bone structure found in vertebrates, especially mammals with a humerus, ulna, radius, carpals. The whale fin if functionally similar to, but structurally distinct from the fin of a fish.

The fossil record shows a progression of whales with nostrils at various locations along the snout. Dennis notes that The nostrils in Protocetids, are not at the tip of the snout but are shifted back along the skull, and the hind-limb skeleton appears insufficient to bear the full weight of these mammals. Scientists believe these species behaved in a way analogous to modern sea lions: hunting and feeding in the oceans, but hauling themselves out to rest, mate, and bear young. (p. 17)

Robert Asher highlights a less commonly mentioned element of whale evolution; the divergence of toothed and baleen whales. The oldest whales were toothed like their land dwelling ancestors. The Basilosaurus above had some pretty impressive teeth. The baleen whales (filter feeders like the blue whale and the humpback) diverged from this line, likely beginning some forty million years ago or so. Paleontologists have identified a series of fossils exhibiting the development of the baleen and the loss of teeth as well as the gradual development of other features observed in baleen whales.

The features characteristic of todays baleen whales did not appear fully formed all at once. Many fossil species exhibit a mixture of features. Some early ancestors had both teeth and what appears to be the beginning of baleen. There is substantial evidence that whales with a combination of baleen and teeth existed for some ten million years alongside both toothed and baleen whales before going extinct.

The fossil record contains many transitional forms, with more no doubt remaining to be discovered. There isnt a complete linear path from tetrapod to whale, but given the nature of fossilization as a rare event, the number we do have is impressive.

(2) Embryology. The embryos of many whales develop hind limb buds that are reabsorbed, as well as external ear lobes, also reabsorbed. But there is more:

Modern cetaceans have two nostrils on the fronts of their face as embryos, like all mammals do. Over the course of development, the nostrils migrate from this starting location at the top of the head to form a blowhole, with the process complete before birth. And strikingly, modern cetaceans are true tetrapods for a short period as embryos. Cetacean embryos develop forelimbs and hind limbs at the same stage that all mammals do, but later the hind limbs stop developing and regress back into the body wall. Studies have shown that the basic biological machinery for making hind limbs is properly activated in young cetacean embryos, but that a second set of instructions later causes the process to stop and regress. (p. 17-18)

Robert Asher likewise discusses the significant embryological evidence. Concerning the development of baleen, he notes modern baleen whales begin the process of tooth formation prior to birth. Teeth in a minke whale never fully form or break the gums, but they do at least begin to develop and their rudiments can be seen in fetal specimens. (Asher p. 137) Figure 7.4 in his book illustrates the presence of rudimentary teeth in a fetus.

The modifications that result in different species often arise from changes in the signals an embryo receives in development and the timing of these signals. Here is one pathway for the accumulation of modest changes over time.

(3) Genetics. The genome project confirms the connections between whales and other mammals. Whale and dolphin DNA is most similar to the hippopotamus, then cow, sheep, deer and giraffes. All consistent with evolution from an even-toed hoofed precursor. Coming back to baleen, Robert Asher cites a study of three major genes important for the formation of enameled teeth.

DMP I (dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein), AMBN (ameloblastin) and ENAM (enamelin). DMP I is known to contribute to the development of not only dentine but also other tissues such as bone and cartilage. The AMBN and ENAM proteins appear to express most strongly in the process of enamel formation in developing teeth. (Asher p. 137)

All three genes (DMP I, AMBN, ENAM) are present in baleen whales, but the two enamel-specific ones, AMBN and ENAM, have lost their enamel-producing function. Unlike the sequences in toothed whales (dolphin), even-toed ungulates (hippo, cow, pig, camel), and other mammals (human, mouse, rat, dog), their samples of these genes in modern baleen whales exhibited what are called frameshift mutations. That is, the basic sequences of AMBN and ENAM are present, but are missing critical elements that keep them from finishing what they do in other mammals, namely, synthesize proteins relevant to the formation of tooth enamel. Interestingly, such mutations were not present in the third protein [probably a typo should be gene], DMP I, which is demonstrably involved in processes besides tooth formation, such as bone and cartilage development. (Asher p. 138)

These genetic remnants are entirely consistent with evolution.

Certainly the leap from land animal like Indohyus or Pakicetid requires many concurrent and complementary changes. From feet to fins, nostrils to blow holes, and more. No such change could be made in one large step. The offspring would die. Each difference we see today required a number of modest intermediate changes. Every child resembled its parents. Grandparent, parent, child were all the same species. But over time the changes accumulate and new species appears. The whale is not the same species as its Pakicetid precursor just as Anglo Saxon is not the same as modern English. But as with the evolution of language, the evolution of species is imperceptible from the ground, the perspective of time is required.

If you wish to contact me directly, you may do so at rjs4mail[at]att.net

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A Whale of a Story (RJS) - Patheos (blog)

UC appeals US patent board decision on CRISPR-Cas9 – UC Berkeley

The University of California, the University of Vienna and Emmanuelle Charpentier (collectively UC) on Wednesday, April 12, filed an appeal to overturn a decision by the Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB) that terminated the interference between a UC patent application for CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology and the patent applications and issued patents of the Broad Institute, Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (collectively, the Broad).

An interference is a legal proceeding to determine who was the first to invent a given technology. Although UCs patent application and the Broads patents and patent application overlap in scope, the February 15 PTAB decision found that the claims in the interference are separately patentable. Accordingly, the PTAB decided to terminate the interference.

The appeal, filed in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit in Washington, D.C., seeks to have the PTAB reinstate the interference.

Ultimately, we expect to establish definitively that the team led by Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier was the first to engineer CRISPR-Cas9 for use in all types of environments, including in non-cellular settings and within plant, animal and even human cells, said Edward Penhoet, a special adviser on CRISPR to the UC president and UC Berkeley chancellor. Penhoet is the associate dean of biology at UC Berkeley and a professor emeritus of molecular and cell biology..

Doudna is a UC Berkeley professor of molecular and cell biology and of chemistry and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. Charpentier is now director of the Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology in Berlin.

Given the revolutionary nature of the CRISPR-Cas9 technology, UC believes that obtaining a timely confirmation that its scientific team was the first to invent the use of the technology in all environments, including eukaryotic cells, is important for current and potential users of the technology, including academia, industry and the public at large.

In parallel, UC intends to pursue continuing applications in the U.S. and globally to obtain patents claiming the CRISPR-Cas9 technology and its application in non-cellular and cellular settings, including eukaryotic cells. Corresponding patents have already been granted to UC in the United Kingdom, and the European Patent Office has announced that it will grant UCs patent on May 10, 2017.

UCs earliest patent application, which describes the CRISPR-Cas9 genome-editing technology and its use in any type of setting, was filed on May 25, 2012, while the Broads earliest patent application was filed more than six months later, on Dec. 12, 2012.

The law firm of Munger, Tolles & Olson LLP will be handling the appeal, with Don Verrilli, former solicitor general of the United States, as lead counsel.

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UC appeals US patent board decision on CRISPR-Cas9 - UC Berkeley

Grey’s Anatomy sneak peek: Will Meredith and Riggs join the mile-high club? – EW.com

Greys Anatomy is trading on-call rooms for airplane bathrooms?

During Thursdays episode of the ABC medical drama, Meredith (Ellen Pompeo) and Riggs (Martin Henderson) are forced to confront their feelings when they are stuck sitting next to each other on a plane. But the duo may also join the mile-high club when Riggs makes his move at an, ahem,inopportune moment. How will Meredith react? Check out theexclusive sneak peek above to find out.

Greys Anatomy airs Thursdays at 8 p.m. ET on ABC.

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Grey's Anatomy sneak peek: Will Meredith and Riggs join the mile-high club? - EW.com

*13 Reasons Why* and *Grey’s Anatomy* Collide in This Bonkers Theory About Clay Jensen – Glamour

13 REASONS WHY

PHOTO: Beth Dubber/Netflix

13 Reasons Why has been on Netflix for only two weeks, but Reddit's already flooded with fan theories. (It's truthfully astounding fans can even write theories after experiencing the show's gut-wrenching finale. I could barely think after watching the thirteenth episode.) Today's favorite hypothesis connects the Netflix sensation with a show that's been on the air since the Stone Age: Grey's Anatomy. Fans already know the obvious connection between these shows: Kate Walsh (who plays Hannah's mom on 13 Reasons Why) had tenures on both Grey's Anatomy and Private Practice as Dr. Addison Montgomery. But they may not remember the other 13 Reasons Why actor who appeared on Grey's: Dylan Minnette, who plays Clay Jensen. He's the subject of our theory.

In a season four episode of Grey's Anatomy, Minnette plays a young kid named Ryan with hearing disabilities. Dr. Mark Sloan (Eric Dane) takes Ryan's case on and builds him a pair of ears that substantially improves his hearing. Now, 10 years later, Minnette stars as Clay Jensen on 13 Reasons Why, a character whose entire storyline is contingent on him listening intently to Hannah's 13 cassette tapes. The connection is obvious to some Twitter users: Because Dr. Sloan built Ryan/Clay a pair of ears back in the day, he can now hear Hannah's tapes and seek justice for her.

"Meredith Grey helped Clay Jensen get ears so he could listen to tapes left by Addison Montgomery's daughter," one Twitter user wrote.

"Good thing Mark Sloan gave this kid ears so he could listen to Hannah's tapes," wrote another.

Admittedly, this theory is a bit far-fetchedClay and Ryan are two different characters. The fact that hearing is crucial to both of their storylines is coincidental, but you have to love the Internet for making this connection. (It's almost as good as the one about Grey's taking place in the Marvel Universe.) Almost.

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*13 Reasons Why* and *Grey's Anatomy* Collide in This Bonkers Theory About Clay Jensen - Glamour

US claims of Syria nerve gas attack: The anatomy of a lie – World Socialist Web Site

By Patrick Martin 13 April 2017

The claims by the US government that the Syrian government carried out a chemical weapons attack on the town of Khan Sheikhun, in southern Idlib province on April 4, have been backed by a week of nonstop media propaganda, as well as uncritical support, across the official political spectrum, for the missile strike ordered by President Trump against a Syrian base.

The charges against the Syrian government are absurd and unbelievable. The campaign mounted by the Trump administration, the intelligence agencies, the Pentagon and the Democratic Party demonstrates complete contempt for the intelligence of the people, and a belief that they can lie with impunity, because nothing they say will be challenged by the servile American media.

No lie is too great. If the US intelligence agencies declared tomorrow that Putin was responsible for an outbreak of tornadoes or a hurricane striking the US Gulf Coast, by means of a secret Russian program to alter the weather, their claims would be presented as the gospel truth by NBC, CBS, ABC, CNN and Fox, while the New York Times would publish a four-page investigative report, complete with maps and charts provided by the CIA.

When a policeman shoots down a working-class youth, it takes months, sometimes years, to complete the investigation. In the case of the Syrian events, it required only minutes for the US government to affix blame and three days to carry out the punishment, firing 59 Tomahawk cruise missiles at a Syrian airbase.

In analyzing a crime, there are three factors to investigate: motive, means and opportunity. In relation to the nerve gas attack on Khan Sheikhoun, neither the Russians nor the Syrians had any reason to carry out the attack. The Assad regime had nothing to gain from the use of nerve gas on a town that was not a significant military target. Moreover, carrying out such an attack would inevitably provoke US military retaliation, something that Assad, on the brink of complete victory in the protracted civil war, would hardly want to risk.

The Syrian rebels and the US government, on the contrary, had motive, means and opportunity. The rebels would view any loss of life as a small price to pay to bring about US intervention in the civil war which they were losing. They have stockpiles of nerve gas and have shown before, in the staged attack on Ghouta in 2013 which killed many more people, a willingness and ability to carry out such a provocation.

Just as importantly, the rebels and their CIA sponsors had opportunity. According to a detailed analysis of the Khan Sheikhoun attack by the respected US physicist and missile expert Theodore Postol, emeritus professor at MIT, the physical evidence strongly suggests that the delivery system for the nerve gas was a mortar shell placed on the ground, not a bomb dropped from a warplane. That means the attack was almost certainly carried out by those who controlled the ground around Khan Sheikhoun, the rebel forces linked to Al Qaeda.

Postols analysis is in reply to the four-page document issued Tuesday by the National Security Council, the White House body that coordinates US foreign and military policy, purporting to prove the Syrian governments responsibility for the alleged sarin gas attack.

The American media described the NSC document as an unusually detailed and factual account, making use of US intelligence material that was declassified for that purpose. The Washington Post said the US government was unveiling intelligence discrediting Russias attempts to shield its ally, Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, from blame in last weeks deadly chemical attack.

The Post went on to characterize the declassified findings as part of a coordinated broadside against Russia that was supplemented by new detail of what U.S. officials believe they know about the chemical weapons strike on Khan Sheikhoun, offered by White House officials who briefed the press on the document.

The New York Times said the document contains declassified United States intelligence on the attack and a rebuttal of Moscows claim that insurgents unleashed the gas to frame the Syrian government. There were similar reports in the Wall Street Journal, the Los Angeles Times, and the television and cable news networks, all of them presenting the intelligence agency accounts as unchallengeable fact.

These media reports are not only demonstrably false, they are absurd. Any serious examination of the NSC document reveals it to be a series of bare assertions without any supporting evidence.

The White House document closely resembles the assessment issued by the US intelligence communitythe 17 agencies that comprise the massive apparatus of spying, political provocation and assassination for American imperialismon alleged Russian interference in the 2016 US presidential election.

It is filled with phrases like The United States is confident We have confidence in our assessment We assess Our information indicates It is clear and so on. In other words, this is the US government speaking, trust us.

There is one reference to signals intelligence, without any elaboration. This is followed by the declaration, standard in all official statements citing information allegedly supplied by the spy agencies: We cannot publicly release all available intelligence on this attack due to the need to protect sources and methods ... Once again, trust us.

The NSC report makes the first attempt by the US government to attribute a motive to the alleged Syrian gas attack, claiming, We assess that Damascus launched this chemical attack in response to an opposition offensive in northern Hamah Province that threatened key infrastructure. Senior regime military leaders were probably involved in planning the attack.

No evidence is cited to back these bare assertions, which raise obvious questions. Why should the Syrian government suddenly resort to sarin gas in a town of no obvious military significance, when it did not use nerve gasand was never accused of doing soduring the critical battles of the past year in Aleppo? Government forces reconquered the rebel-held portions of that city, the countrys largest population and business center before the civil war, in a bloody struggle conducted without the use of chemical weapons.

Even when the forces of President Bashar al-Assad were under attack in his home province of Latakia, where the local population, from the Alawite religious minority which is his main base of support, faced the threat of extermination if the Sunni Islamists were victorious, they did not resort to chemical weapons to beat back the rebel offensive.

The New York Times sought to address this problem by citing senior White House officials, speaking on the condition of anonymity to discuss the declassified intelligence report. These officials asserted that the Syrian government, under pressure from opposition forces around the country and lacking enough troops to respond, used the lethal nerve agent sarin to target rebels who were threatening government-held territory.

This account makes even less sense than the NSC report, since the alleged nerve gas attack did not target rebels who were threatening government-held territory, but civilians in a town in rebel territory, including, as media reporters and Trump administration officials have repeatedly emphasized, large numbers of women and children. In other words, the American media is simply piling lie upon lie, without even taking the time to make the new lies consistent with the old ones.

From a military standpoint, the resort to chemical weapons in Khan Sheikhoun is pointless. From a political standpoint, it is counterproductive, to say the least, for the Assad regime. For the US-backed Islamist rebels, however, such an atrocity is a political goldmine, potentially providing a pretext for US and eventually NATO intervention into a civil war that the rebels are losing badly.

The NSC document makes no attempt to address, let alone rebut, such arguments. Its four-page document includes only one page of supposedly factual findings by the U.S. intelligence agencies, consisting of vague and unsupported assertions, and then a page disputing the claims of Putin and Assad that no gas attack occurred.

In the course of this, the NSC document cites video and eyewitness testimony about the impact of a chemical agent, as well as medical reports from Turkish doctors, but none of this evidence indicates the source of the nerve gas, if it was indeed a factor in the deaths at Khan Sheikhoun.

Criticizing Russian claims of fabrication, the NSC document declares, It is clear, however, that the Syrian opposition could not manufacture this quantity and variety of video and other reporting from both the attack site and medical facilities in Syria and Turkey while deceiving both media observers and intelligence agencies.

Why should anyone believe that the media observers and intelligence agencies were among the deceived? Far more likely that the US intelligence agencies and the media observers, particularly those employed by the New York Times, Washington Post, and other conduits for the US government, were active participants in the deception.

The CIA has ample experience in the creation of provocations and fabrication of evidence, which is then supplied to its favored press outlets to create the impression of objective reporting. Absolutely nothing that is reported on such a basis deserves the slightest credibility.

It is noteworthy that the Russian government has repeatedly called for an objective, authoritative international investigation into what happened at Khan Sheikhoun. This is in sharp contrast to the conduct of the Trump administration, which has acted as judge, jury and executioner rolled into oneclaiming to determine the facts, identify the perpetrators and carry out the punishment in a three-day period. This is the method, not of justice or the enforcement of international law, but the law of the jungle, in which the most powerful imperialist military power simply does what it wants.

There is every reason to believe that the poison gas attack on Khan Sheikhoun was staged by the CIA and its rebel stooges to force a reversal of policy by the Trump administration and pave the way for US military intervention. It follows the pattern of the last previous alleged chemical weapons attack, in August 2013, when the rebels were seeking to gain direct American support, and US Secretary of State John Kerry told them that something needed to happen. Soon after, more than a thousand people were killed by nerve gas in Ghouta, a rebel-held suburb of Damascus.

The political beneficiaries of this attack were the Syrian rebels. Seymour Hersh, one of a handful of real journalists still practicing his profession and not in jail or exile, conducted a meticulous exposure of the Ghouta attack, demonstrating that it had likely been carried out by the al-Nusra Front, the Al Qaeda affiliate in Syria, with chemical weapons supplied by Turkey. The al-Nusra Front, under a new name, is the dominant force on the ground today in Khan Sheikhoun.

The Ghouta attack did not have the expected effect. After the British parliament voted against joining an attack on Syria, and in view of sharp divisions within the Pentagon over whether to intervene, President Obama pulled back, to the enormous frustration of the CIA, and of leading Democrats like his former secretary of state, Hillary Clinton.

If Clinton had won the 2016 presidential election, there is no doubt there would have been an immediate and dramatic escalation in the American involvement in the Syrian civil war. Following Trumps surprise victory, a ferocious conflict has ensued, centering on bogus allegations of Russian manipulation of the election to assist Trump, aimed at shifting the Trump administrations policy towards Russia and Syria.

This has now culminated in the apparent victory of the US intelligence agencies and the Democrats in this internecine struggle within the US ruling elite, and Trumps embarking on a course that threatens to produce full-scale US military intervention in the Syrian civil war, and poses the danger of direct confrontation with a nuclear-armed Russia.

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US claims of Syria nerve gas attack: The anatomy of a lie - World Socialist Web Site

Genetics of first-cousin marriage families show how some are protected from heart disease – Medical Xpress

April 12, 2017 A depiction of the double helical structure of DNA. Its four coding units (A, T, C, G) are color-coded in pink, orange, purple and yellow. Credit: NHGRI

More than 1,800 individuals carrying loss-of-function mutations in both copies of their genes, so-called "human knockouts," are described in the first major study to be published in Nature this week by an international collaboration led by the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and colleagues. The program, which has so far sequenced the protein-coding regions of over 10,500 adults living in Pakistan, is illuminating the basic biology and possible therapeutics for several different disorders.

The team has identified more than 1,300 genes completely knocked out in at least one individual. They first turned their attention for deeper analysis to genes involved in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. One gene in particular, APOC3, which regulates the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in the blood, was missing in several dozen individuals in a small fishing village on the coast of Pakistan where first-cousin marriages are culturally prevalent. These APOC3-knockout individuals had very low triglyceride levels. The researchers challenged their system with a high-fat meal. Compared with family members who were not APOC3 knockouts, the APOC3 knockout family members did not have the usual post-meal rise in plasma triglycerides.

"These are the world's first APOC3 human knockouts that have been identified," said co-first author and the principal investigator of the study, Danish Saleheen, MD, PhD, an assistant professor of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at Penn. "Their genetic makeup has provided unique insights about the biology of APOC3, which may further help in validating APOC3 inhibition as a therapeutic target for cardiometabolic diseases - the leading cause of death globally.

In addition to Penn, the team includes scientists from the Center for Non-Communicable Diseases (CNCD) in Karachi, Pakistan, the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, and the University of Cambridge, UK.

Saleheen has been working for over a decade in Pakistan, in collaboration with the CNCD to collect blood samples from all over his country. This Pakistan-based study already includes more than 70,000 participants and the recruitment is rapidly being expanded to include 200,000 people. "We are continuing protein-coding region sequencing studies in the Pakistani population. If we are able to sequence 200,000 participants, we will be able to identify human knockouts for more than 8,000 unique genes." Saleheen said. "These observations provide us with a roadmap, a systematic way to understand the physiological consequences of complete disruption of genes in humans," Saleheen said.

"The Human Genome Project gave us a 'parts' list of 18,000 genes. We are now trying to understand gene function by studying people who naturally lack a 'part,'" said co-senior author Sekar Kathiresan, Director of the Center for Genomic Medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital. "We think that over the next ten to twenty years, with a concerted, systematic effort, it's possible to find humans who naturally lack any one of several thousand genes in the genome and understand what the phenotypic consequences are."

"The project highlights the value of looking at diverse populations, particularly for genetic analysesyou'll find variants in one ethnicity and not another," said co-first author Pradeep Natarajan, an associate scientist at Broad Institute and a postdoctoral research fellow in Kathiresan's lab.

Co-senior author Daniel J. Rader, MD, chair of Genetics at Penn, hopes that future dives into this rich dataset will bring even more novel insights into human biology and point toward new therapeutic targets for treating and preventing disease. "Linking DNA sequencing with deep phenotyping at scale in this population will be an incredible source of new knowledge about how gene alterations influence human health and disease," Rader said. In addition to a continued focus on the biology of heart attacks, type 2 diabetes, and stroke, the team will also be looking for clues for early-onset Parkinson's disease, autism, congenital blindness, and mental retardation, among many other conditions.

Penn scientists are now collaborating with CNCD researchers to conduct deep phenotyping studies in all human knockouts the project identifies. These studies will include detailed physiological and mechanistic studies to understand the biological and pharmacological consequences of both partial and complete disruption of genes in humans.

Explore further: Study reveals the effect of genetic 'knockouts' on human health

More information: Human knockouts and phenotypic analysis in a cohort with a high rate of consanguinity, Nature (2017). nature.com/articles/doi:10.1038/nature22034

The study, published in Science, found that individuals with certain inactive genes, or 'knockouts', did not have any related adverse health effects.

By scouring the DNA of thousands of patients, researchers at the Broad Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, and their colleagues have discovered four rare gene mutations that not only lower the levels of triglycerides, ...

The value of intersecting the sequencing of individuals' exomes (all expressed genes) or full genomes to find rare genetic variantson a large scalewith their detailed electronic health record (EHR) information has "myriad ...

Screening methods for cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks and strokes could be improved by measuring different biological signposts to those currently being tested, a new study led by researchers from King's College ...

A team of investigators from the Broad Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital and other leading biomedical research institutions has pinpointed rare mutations in a gene called APOA5 that increase a person's risk of having ...

An international team of researchers from institutions around the world, including Baylor College of Medicine, has discovered that mutations of the OTUD6B gene result in a spectrum of physical and intellectual deficits. This ...

More than 1,800 individuals carrying loss-of-function mutations in both copies of their genes, so-called "human knockouts," are described in the first major study to be published in Nature this week by an international collaboration ...

Patients with colon and rectal cancer have somatic insertions of mitochondrial DNA into the nuclear genomes of the cancer cells, University of Alabama at Birmingham researchers report in the journal Genome Medicine.

A new 'deep learning' method, DeepCpG, has been designed by researchers at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, the European Bioinformatics Institute and the Babraham Institute to help scientists better understand the epigenome ...

Researchers discovered three novel genetic mutations associated with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy, the most common corneal disorder requiring transplantation.

A big data study of hepatitis C and more than 500 patients with the virus has opened the way for a better understanding of how the virus interacts with its human hosts.

Scientists at The Wistar Institute have unveiled part of the protein complex that protects telomeresthe ends of our chromosomes. The study, published online in Nature Communications, explains how a group of genetic mutations ...

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Genetics of first-cousin marriage families show how some are protected from heart disease - Medical Xpress

James Rothman appointed Sterling Professor of Cell Biology – Yale News

James E. Rothman, newly appointed as a Sterling Professor of Cell Biology, is one of the world's most distinguished biochemists and cell biologists. For his work on how molecular messages are transmitted inside and outside of human cells, he was awarded a Nobel Prize in 2013.

A Sterling Professorship is one of the universitys highest faculty honors.

Rothman helped reveal the mechanism that allows cellular compartments called vesicles to transmit information both in the interior of the cell and to the surrounding environment. The fusion of vesicles and cellular membranes, a process called exocytosis, is basic to life and occurs in organisms as diverse as yeast and humans. Exocytosis underlies physiological functions ranging from the secretion of insulin to the regulation of the brain neurotransmitters responsible for movement, perception, memory, and mood.

Rothmans current research concerns the biophysics of membrane fusion and its regulation in exocytosis; the dynamics of the Golgi apparatus at super-resolution; and the use of bio-inspired design in nanotechnology.

After graduating from Yale College with a degree in physics, Rothman earned a Ph.D. in biological chemistry from Harvard Medical School. He conducted postdoctoral research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology before moving to the Stanford School of Medicine as an assistant professor. He continued his research at Princeton University, where he became the founding chair of the Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and vice chair of the Sloan-Kettering Institute. Prior to coming to Yale in 2008, Rothman served on the faculty of Columbia Universitys College of Physicians and Surgeons, where he was a professor in the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, the Clyde and Helen Wu Professor of Chemical Biology, and director of the Columbia Genome Center.

Rothman serves as chair of the Yale School of Medicines Department of Cell Biology and as director of the Nanobiology Institute on Yales West Campus.

He has received numerous awards and honors in recognition of his work on vesicle trafficking and membrane fusion, including the King Faisal International Prize for Science, the Gairdner Foundation International Award, the Lounsbery Award of the National Academy of Sciences, the Heineken Foundation Prize of the Netherlands Academy of Sciences, the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize of Columbia University, the Lasker Basic Science Award, the Kavli Prize in Neuroscience, the Massry Prize, and the E.B. Wilson Medal. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and its Institute of Medicine, and is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

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James Rothman appointed Sterling Professor of Cell Biology - Yale News

Jo From ‘Grey’s Anatomy’ Gave Birth To First Child And Picked The Perfect Name – Elite Daily

Camilla Luddington has officially joined the club of Greys Anatomy stars who have children. (Its a very specific club, OK?)

The actress who has played Jo Wilson on the last five seasons of the show gave birth to her first child, a baby girl.

Luddington announced the news on Tuesday with a sweet Instagram video of herself, her new daughter and her daughters father, actor Matt Alan.

Luddington also revealed her babys name in the post which is drumroll please HAYDEN!

She wrote in the caption,

We have a new great love in our lives our sweet baby girlHayden

Isnt that just the perfect name?

Jo Wilson fans might have been hoping for a Greys Anatomy name like Josephine or Meredith, but oh well.

But I do have a fun little bit of trivia for diehardShondaland residents: There actuallyis a Hayden in Greys Anatomy. Sort of.

In Season 9, Episode 21, Sleeping Monster, Cristina Yang is reading a book called Haydens Progress.

A little bit of googlingtells me that no such book actually exists. So what is this mysterious, fake book that the set department came up with for the show?

Could it possibly have something to do withCamilla Luddington, who had just joined the show as Jo that season?

I mean, no, probably not. Its almost definitely a coincidence. But still, its fun to speculate.

Luddington and Alanannounced theirpregnancy back in October. Though they are dating, the coupleare not married.

Alan is also an actor, and recently appeared as Seth in three episodes of the Netflix original series, 13 Reasons Why.

Luddington got a little present from the Greys Anatomy team in light of her baby news, which she also posted about on Instagram, writing in the caption, When the #greysanatomy wardrobe Dept give you a baby gift.

The baby onesie reads,

I know Jos real name, but I dont know how to talk yet.

So I guess the real question is, which Shondaland resident knows how to speak baby?

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Anna Menta is a Entertainment Writer at Elite Daily. Previously she has been a BuzzFeed Editorial Fellow, and an annoying film student at Oberlin College. She apologizes if she says something weird to you. Follow her on Twitter @annalikestweets ...

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Jo From 'Grey's Anatomy' Gave Birth To First Child And Picked The Perfect Name - Elite Daily