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Immunology

Allergy and immunology specialist coming to Auburn – Midland Daily News

Photo: Michael David-Lorne Jordan/David-Lorne Photographic

Allergy and immunology specialist coming to Auburn

Memorial Healthcare has announced that Dr. Hassan Nasir, of Memorial Healthcare Allergy & Immunology will be seeing patients on Tuesdays at its Auburn location, 4600 Garfield Road, starting Tuesday, March 17.

Nasir is currently accepting new patients with most insurances and sees patients ages 2 and up. To schedule an appointment, call 989-729-4317.

For more information about Nasir, visit http://www.memorialhealthcare.org/provider/hassan-nasir-do/.

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Allergy and immunology specialist coming to Auburn - Midland Daily News

Immunology

CEL-SCI Initiates Development of Immunotherapy to Treat COVID-19 Coronavirus Infection – BioSpace

Predictions of success using the LEAPS peptides against COVID-19 coronavirus are based on previous studies conducted in collaboration with the National Institutes for Allergies and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) with another respiratory virus, pandemic influenza (H1N1). In those studies, LEAPS peptides elicited protection of mice from morbidity and mortality after the introduction of infection by activating appropriate T cell responses rather than an inflammatory response.

Although individuals of all ages are susceptible to COVID-19 coronavirus infection, the elderly and individuals with compromised lung function or immunosuppression are at highest risk for severe morbidity and mortality. It is believed that, in most cases, onset of symptoms takes between 2 and 14 days post infection, a period of time that may allow intervention for those at highest risk and with a known exposure.

Daniel Zimmerman, Ph.D. Senior VP of Research, Cellular Immunology at CEL-SCI Corporation, said, We believe that a LEAPS COVID 19 coronavirus peptide will reduce or arrest the progression of the virus infection and prevent tissue damage from inflammation resulting from lung infection by the virus. In short, we believe that we can stimulate the correct immune responses to the virus without producing unwanted inflammatory responses associated with lung tissue damage. That should be particularly important in the older population who is at highest risk of dying from this virus.

CEL-SCI CEO Geert Kersten added, CEL-SCI is currently in discussion with multiple health care partners to expeditiously move this critically important work forward. We look forward to combining the LEAPS technology, experience and expertise of CEL-SCI with the expertise of various partners to promote the rapid development of a LEAPS/COVID-19 product to help particularly those patients who are at very high risk from COVID-19 infection.

COVID-19 is a member of the coronavirus family which jumped to humans from an animal reservoir. Unlike human coronaviruses, which include the second most common cause of the common cold, COVID-19, like its cousins SARS and MERS coronaviruses, can replicate at the higher temperatures within the human lungs and, as a result, can cause highly morbid/mortal disease. It is thought that the morbidity and mortality in the at-risk population is due to lung damage resulting from inflammatory immune responses to the virus.

CEL-SCIs studies will utilize the LEAPS peptide approach which is unique in its proven ability in animals to elicit both a cell mediated antiviral response and an anti-inflammatory immunomodulating response by activating CD8 T lymphocytes. Previous studies showed that LEAPS immunogens can prevent lethal infection by herpes simplex virus (HSV) and influenza A, and stop the inflammatory disease progression of rheumatoid arthritis in animal models. LEAPS peptides against HSV demonstrated that the T cell response was sufficient to prevent viral disease, and if there was residual virus production, anti-viral antibody was generated to further control the spread of the virus.

The proposed LEAPS peptides are directed towards antigens within the NP protein of COVID-19 that elicit cytolytic T cell responses. Unlike glycoprotein spike antigens which are important for antibody based vaccines, these antigens are less variable between viral strains and less likely to change in response to antibodies elicited by prior infection or other vaccines. Cytolytic T cell responses attack the virus infected cellular factories within the infected host in order to eliminate the source of virus and help subdue the infection.

About LEAPS

The Ligand Antigen Epitope Presentation System (LEAPS) platform technology has demonstrated in several animal models the ability to design antigen-specific immunotherapeutic peptides that preferentially direct the immune response to a cellular (e.g., T-cell), humoral (antibody) or mixed response and are also capable of enhancing important T-regulatory (Treg) responses. Therefore, the LEAPS technology provides the opportunity to develop immunotherapeutic products for diseases for which disease associated antigenic peptide(s) sequences have already been identified, such as: a number of infectious diseases, some cancers, autoimmune diseases (e.g., RA), allergic asthma and allergy, select CNS diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's) and the COVID-19 virus.

The Company's LEAPS technology is currently also being developed as a therapeutic vaccine for rheumatoid arthritis and is supported by $1.5 million grant for IND enabling studies from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases.

About CEL-SCI Corporation

CEL-SCI believes that boosting a patient's immune system while it is still intact should provide the greatest possible impact on survival. Therefore, in the Phase 3 study CEL-SCI treated patients who are newly diagnosed with advanced primary squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck with Multikine* first, BEFORE they received surgery, radiation and/or chemotherapy. This approach is unique. Most other cancer immunotherapies are administered only after conventional therapies have been tried and/or failed. Multikine (Leukocyte Interleukin, Injection), has received Orphan Drug designation from the FDA for neoadjuvant therapy in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (cancer) of the head and neck.

CEL-SCI's Phase 3 study is the largest Phase 3 study in the world for the treatment of head and neck cancer. Per the study's protocol, newly diagnosed patients with advanced primary squamous cell carcinoma are treated with the Multikine treatment regimen for 3 weeks prior to the Standard of Care (SOC) which involves surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiation. Multikine is designed to help the immune system "see" the tumor at a time when the immune system is still relatively intact and thereby thought to better able to mount an attack on the tumor. The aim of treatment with Multikine is to boost the body's immune system prior to SOC. The Phase 3 study is fully enrolled with 928 patients and the last patient was treated in September 2016. To prove an overall survival benefit, the study requires CEL-SCI to wait until 298 events have occurred among the two main comparator groups.

The Company has operations in Vienna, Virginia, and in/near Baltimore, Maryland.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. When used in this press release, the words "intends," "believes," "anticipated," "plans" and "expects," and similar expressions, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected. Such statements include, but are not limited to, statements about the terms, expected proceeds, use of proceeds and closing of the offering. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, an inability to duplicate the clinical results demonstrated in clinical studies, timely development of any potential products that can be shown to be safe and effective, receiving necessary regulatory approvals, difficulties in manufacturing any of the Company's potential products, inability to raise the necessary capital and the risk factors set forth from time to time in CEL-SCI's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including but not limited to its report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended September 30, 2019. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly release the result of any revision to these forward-looking statements which may be made to reflect the events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

* Multikine (Leukocyte Interleukin, Injection) is the trademark that CEL-SCI has registered for this investigational therapy, and this proprietary name is subject to FDA review in connection with the Company's future anticipated regulatory submission for approval. Multikine has not been licensed or approved for sale, barter or exchange by the FDA or any other regulatory agency. Similarly, its safety or efficacy has not been established for any use. Moreover, no definitive conclusions can be drawn from the early-phase, clinical-trials data involving the investigational therapy Multikine. Further research is required, and early-phase clinical trial results must be confirmed in the Phase 3 clinical trial of this investigational therapy that is in progress.

View source version on businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20200309005285/en/

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CEL-SCI Initiates Development of Immunotherapy to Treat COVID-19 Coronavirus Infection - BioSpace

Immunology

AbbVie Partnering with Global Authorities to Determine Efficacy of HIV Drug in Treating COVID-19 | Small Molecules | News Channels -…

DetailsCategory: Small MoleculesPublished on Monday, 09 March 2020 14:35Hits: 281

- Unconfirmed media reports from China claim Kaletra/Aluvia (lopinavir/ritonavir) is effective in COVID-19 treatment. - AbbVie does not have access to Chinese clinical information and therefore cannot confirm its accuracy - AbbVie donated Aluvia to the Chinese government for experimental use against COVID-19 - AbbVie is working with global health authorities to determine the efficacy and safety of lopinavir/ritonavir against COVID-19 - AbbVie does not anticipate disruption to the medicine supply for HIV patients as a result of the investigation of the effectiveness against COVID-19

NORTH CHICAGO, IL, USA I March 9, 2020 I AbbVie (NYSE:ABBV) today confirmed the company's activities in the fight to address the COVID-19 public health crisis, including supporting the experimental use of the HIV medicine, Kaletra/Aluvia (lopinavir/ritonavir) to determine its efficacy in the treatment of COVID-19.

The company is collaborating with select health authorities and institutions globally to determine antiviral activity as well as efficacy and safety of lopinavir/ritonavir against COVID-19. AbbVie is supporting clinical studies and basic research with lopinavir/ritonavir, working closely with European health authorities and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institutes of Health and Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority to coordinate on these efforts. Along with industry partners, the company has joined the Innovative Medicines Initiative to support research and discovery of targeted medicines against COVID-19.

"We are committed to helping in any way we can to address the COVID-19 public health crisis, which is why we responded quickly to the Chinese authorities' request for Aluvia in late January," said Richard A. Gonzalez, chairman and chief executive officer, AbbVie. "We are working with global health authorities to ensure we meet the need of COVID-19 patients, conduct the appropriate clinical trials to evaluate its efficacy and ensure uninterrupted supply of the drug Kaletra/Aluvia for HIV patients around the world."

No expected impact on drug supplyAbbVie has supplied Kaletra/Aluvia as an experimental option for the treatment of COVID-19 to multiple countries that have immediate patient needs due to the outbreak. The company plans to continue to respond to all appropriate requests for product while supporting all efforts to determine the safety and efficacy of this therapy in this patient population.

While helping respond to the COVID-19 crisis is a high priority, the company is committed to protecting the supply of Kaletra/Aluvia for HIV patients. AbbVie is actively assessing the increased demand for Kaletra/Aluvia and has taken steps to increase supply for COVID-19 patients without impacting treatment supply for HIV patients.

AbbVie continues to closely monitor manufacturing and supply chain resources around the world and does not anticipate any disruption to its medicine supply as a result of COVID-19.

About AbbVieAbbVie is a global, research and development-based biopharmaceutical company committed to developing innovative advanced therapies for some of the world's most complex and critical conditions. The company's mission is to use its expertise, dedicated people and unique approach to innovation to markedly improve treatments across four primary therapeutic areas: immunology, oncology, virology and neuroscience. In more than 75 countries, AbbVie employees are working every day to advance health solutions for people around the world. For more information about AbbVie, please visit us at http://www.abbvie.com. Follow@abbvie on Twitter,Facebook, LinkedIn or Instagram.

SOURCE: AbbVie

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Genetics

Podcast: Bird poop, pus, and the Manhattan projectthe surprising origins of the genetic alphabet – Genetic Literacy Project

On the latest episode of Genetics Unzipped, biologist Kat Arney explores the origins of the genetic alphabet: A, C, T and Gthe four letters that spell out all the genetic recipes encoded in DNA.

These letters are the initials of the four nucleotide chemicals that make up DNA: adenine, cytosine, thymine and guanine. They are ingrained in the scientific lexicon and burned into the brain of anyone whos ever worked with or even just learned about genes, genomes and DNA. Its a code thats as inseparable from genetics as the double helix itself.

But while many people know that the structure of DNA was figured out in the 1950s, far fewer people realize that the identities of these molecular letters were uncovered far earlier. In search of the origins of nucleotide names, Arney takes us from the bird poop boom of the 1840s through the heyday of atomic weapons research in the 1940s and beyond.

First we explore the guano mountains of Peru giant hills of solidified seabird excrement which were mined for fertilizer to feed a fast-developing world. Intrigued by the nourishing properties of guano, 19th-century scientists started to investigate its chemical components. This led to German chemist Julius Ungers discovery of guanine in 1846 the first nucleotide molecule to be identified.

DNA itself wasnt discovered until nearly twenty years later, when Johannes Friedrich Miescher isolated a strange sludgy substance from pus-soaked bandages obtained from a nearby clinic. He called it nuclein a name that still lingers in the formal chemical name for DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid. However, his discovery almost went ignored as his supervisor, Felix Hoppe-Seyler, did not believe that such an inexperienced researcher could make such an important finding.

Following up on Mieschers work, his colleague Albrecht Kossel identified cytosine, thymine and adenine as the other components of this mysterious nuclein, after purifying the chemicals from huge amounts of cow organs obtained from a nearby slaughterhouse.

The story of nucleotides doesnt end with the discovery of A, C, T and G. Although these four letters make up the genetic code of DNA, theres another base Uracil, or U that replaces thymine in RNA, a kind of molecular photocopy thats made when genes are read. And we also now know that DNA and RNA bases can be chemically altered to extend the genetic code in some very interesting ways. Finally, we hear how the discovery of the first modified RNA base, pesudouridine, came from a surprising source: the US atomic weapons program at Oak Ridge laboratory in Tennessee.

Full transcript, links and references available online atGeneticsUnzipped.com

Genetics Unzippedis the podcast from the UKGenetics Society,presented by award-winning science communicator and biologistKat Arneyand produced byFirst Create the Media.Follow Kat on Twitter@Kat_Arney,Genetics Unzipped@geneticsunzip,and the Genetics Society at@GenSocUK

Listen to Genetics Unzipped onApple Podcasts(iTunes)Google Play,Spotify,orwherever you get your podcasts

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Podcast: Bird poop, pus, and the Manhattan projectthe surprising origins of the genetic alphabet - Genetic Literacy Project

Genetics

From Iceland COVID-19 In Iceland: deCODE Genetics Will Screen General Population For Virus – Reykjavk Grapevine

Photo by

Magns Andersen

CEO of deCODE Genetics Kri Stefnsson (shown above) intends to screen the entire Icelandic population for COVID-19, of which there have been 60 confirmed cases at the time of this writing.

While almost all of these cases come from three flights returning from Italy and Austria, with the arrivals put in quarantine while testing is underway, the virus has unfortunately found its way into the general population.

Kris desire to screen the general population was not without controversy, as both the Data Protection Authority and the Scientific Ethics Committee initially believed Kri required a special permit in order to conduct the screening. However, Frttablai now reports that both bodies have reversed their position on the matter, as the screening is considered clinical work; not a scientific study.

In fact, a statement from deCODE emphasises that peoples personal data will not be permanently recorded nor put in the companys general knowledge bank. Rather, the purpose of the screening is meant to inform those who have symptoms whether or not they have COVID-19, in conjunction with the Directorate of Health, in order to assist already ongoing efforts.

This screening is expected to go forward within the next week.

Symptoms of COVID-19 include dry cough, fever, and aches in the bones. If you are worried you may have COVID-19, have been to any of the high-risk areas or in contact with anyone who has within the last 14 days, you are urged to call 1700 from an Icelandic phone number or +354 544 4113 from any other phone, where a health care professional will give you further information and guidance.

To prevent transmission or contact with the virus, the cardinal rule is to wash your hands frequently before eating and after touching common surfaces, and avoid touching your face. If you must sneeze or cough, do so into the crook of your elbow or into a tissue. It also naturally follows that you should avoid contact with sick people.

The Directorate of Health in fact has extensive information in English on COVID-19, including a handy FAQ.

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From Iceland COVID-19 In Iceland: deCODE Genetics Will Screen General Population For Virus - Reykjavk Grapevine

Cell Biology

New discovery could lead to better strategies for preventing breast cancer metastasis – The Medical News

New discovery in breast cancer could lead to better strategies for preventing the spread of cancer cells to other organs in the body, effectively reducing mortality in breast cancer patients.

According to a study, published today in Nature Cell Biology, breast cancer cells shift their metabolic strategy in order to metastasize. Instead of cycling sugar (glucose) for energy, they preferentially use mitochondrial metabolism.

This has important potential clinical implications because it suggests that drugs targeting mitochondrial metabolism may have efficacy for preventing metastatic spread in patients. Historically, tumors were thought to contain dysfunctional mitochondria and be principally sustained by anaerobic glycolysis, or Warburg metabolism. Our work challenges that dogma and shows that breast cancer cells use mitochondrial metabolism during metastatic spread."

Devon A. Lawson, PhD, assistant professor in the UCI Department of Physiology and Biophysics and a member of the Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center at the UCI School of Medicine

Despite major advances in the detection and treatment of early stage disease, metastasis - when cancer cells in the breast spread to other organs in the body - accounts for approximately 40,000 deaths among women in the U.S. each year. It is the number one cause of nearly all mortality associated with breast cancer.

Previous work suggests that metastasis is seeded by rare primary tumor cells with unique biological properties that enable them to spread, causing the cancer to take hold in other locations in the body. While properties promoting cell motility and migration are well studied, mechanisms governing the seeding and establishment of small collections of cancer cells in distal tissues are not. This is in part because metastatic seeding cannot be studied in humans, and because it is technically challenging to detect and analyze rare cells at this transient stage in animal models.

"Through our research, we established a robust new method for identifying global transcriptomic changes in rare metastatic cells during seeding using single-cell RNA-sequencing and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of breast cancer," said Ryan Davis, first author on the study and a doctoral student in the Lawson laboratory. "We found that metastatic cells harbor distinct RNA molecules that are highly predictive of poor survival in patients and alter metabolism in a way that can be targeted therapeutically."

Source:

Journal reference:

Davis, R.T., et al. (2020) Transcriptional diversity and bioenergetic shift in human breast cancer metastasis revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing. Nature Cell Biology. doi.org/10.1038/s41556-020-0477-0.

Posted in: Cell Biology | Biochemistry

Tags: Anatomy, Breast Cancer, Cancer, Cell, Cell Biology, Cycling, Drugs, Education, Efficacy, Epidemiology, Genetic, Glucose, Glycolysis, Laboratory, Medicine, Metabolism, Metastasis, Mitochondria, Mortality, Pathology, Pharmacology, Physiology, Public Health, Research, RNA, Tumor, Xenograft

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New discovery could lead to better strategies for preventing breast cancer metastasis - The Medical News

Physiology

Introduction to physiology: History, biological systems, and …

Physiology is the study of normal function within living creatures. It is a sub-section of biology, covering a range of topics that include organs, anatomy, cells, biological compounds, and how they all interact to make life possible.

From ancient theories to molecular laboratory techniques, physiological research has shaped our understanding of the components of our body, how they communicate, and how they keep us alive.

Merrian-Webster defines physiology as:

[A] branch of biology that deals with the functions and activities of life or of living matter (such as organs, tissues, or cells) and of the physical and chemical phenomena involved.

Here are some key points about physiology. More detail and supporting information is in the main article.

The study of physiology is, in a sense, the study of life. It asks questions about the internal workings of organisms and how they interact with the world around them.

Physiology tests how organs and systems within the body work, how they communicate, and how they combine their efforts to make conditions favorable for survival.

Human physiology, specifically, is often separated into subcategories; these topics cover a vast amount of information.

Researchers in the field can focus on anything from microscopic organelles in cell physiology up to more wide-ranging topics, such as ecophysiology, which looks at whole organisms and how they adapt to environments.

The most relevant arm of physiological research to Medical News Today is applied human physiology; this field investigates biological systems at the level of the cell, organ, system, anatomy, organism, and everywhere in between.

In this article, we will visit some of the subsections of physiology, developing a brief overview of this huge subject. Firstly, we will run through a short history of physiology.

The study of physiology traces its roots back to ancient India and Egypt.

As a medical discipline, it goes back at least as far as the time of Hippocrates, the famous father of medicine around 420 BC.

Hippocrates coined the theory of the four humors, stating that the body contains four distinct bodily fluids: black bile, phlegm, blood, and yellow bile. Any disturbance in their ratios, as the theory goes, causes ill health.

Claudius Galenus (c.130-200 AD), also known as Galen, modified Hippocrates theory and was the first to use experimentation to derive information about the systems of the body. He is widely referred to as the founder of experimental physiology.

It was Jean Fernel (1497-1558), a French physician, who first introduced the term physiology, from Ancient Greek, meaning study of nature, origins.

Fernel was also the first to describe the spinal canal (the space in the spine where the spinal cord passes through). He has a crater on the moon named after him for his efforts it is called Fernelius.

Another leap forward in physiological knowledge came with the publication of William Harveys book titled An Anatomical Dissertation Upon the Movement of the Heart and Blood in Animals in 1628.

Harvey was the first to describe systemic circulation and bloods journey through the brain and body, propelled by the heart.

Perhaps surprisingly, much medical practice was based on the four humors until well into the 1800s (bloodletting, for instance). In 1838, a shift in thought occurred when the cell theory of Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann arrived on the scene, theorizing that the body was made up of tiny individual cells.

From here on in, the field of physiology opened up, and progress was made quickly:

The major systems covered in the study of human physiology are as follows:

There are a great number of disciplines that use the word physiology in their title. Below are some examples:

The topics mentioned above are just a small selection of the available physiologies. The field of physiology is as essential as it is vast.

Anatomy is closely related to physiology. Anatomy refers to the study of the structure of body parts, but physiology focuses on how these parts work and relate to each other.

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Physiology

Teaching about coronavirus: Science teacher on why her students are not panicking – The Morning Call

Still, I knew this alone wouldnt be enough to make students feel as if they were real-world health professionals in training. So I explored another innovation available to online learners: simulators. Simulators can mimic what goes on outside the classroom, or in the case of an anatomy and physiology class, what goes on inside the body.

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Teaching about coronavirus: Science teacher on why her students are not panicking - The Morning Call

Physiology

Anatomage Introduces Physiology Functions to Digital Cadavers with Table 7 – BioSpace

SAN JOSE, Calif., March 5, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- Anatomage Inc, a leader in 3D medical technology, today announces the launch of Table 7, bringing physiology elements to real human cadavers.

Anatomage is the first company to successfully integrate physiology functions into a real human cadaver. Through the Table 7 software release for the Anatomage Table, users can restore a portion of a cadaver back to life using four physiology tools - Heart Motion, Nerve Connection, Pathways, and Catheterization.

The Heart Motion tool restores the cardiac physiological functions of the cadaver's heart. By simulating the entire cardiac cycle and synchronizing heart rhythms with the integrated digital electrocardiography, the tool can be used to elevate cardiovascular physiology learning.

The Nerve Connection tool interactively displays the cadaver's nerve innervation from the brain to a dermatome, muscle or organ. The tool provides students with the physiological context of the human nervous system, allowing them to locate the nerve root responsible for any stimulus, thereby supporting neuroanatomy education.

The Pathways tool illustrates drug delivery and different physiological pathways on the cadaver. Depicting the physiological mechanism occurring during the transport of chemical compounds, this tool offers visual references of physiology for toxicology, pharmacology, and any applicable studies in medicine.

The Catheterization tool enables users to practice catheter insertion on a digital cadaver. With the Anatomage Table, students can learn how real-life cardiac catheterization procedures are carried out on a living human body, preparing them for medical careers.

Introducing physiology elements to deceased bodies is the first step toward building a digital body that functions as an alive human body for medical simulation and educational applications. Aside from the physiology elements, Table 7 features medical-school level educational materials, including 60 3D real-cadaver prosections with annotations, 400 fully-prepared medical illustration presets, and 3D radiology reports reviewed by real radiologists. The update also comes with additional high-resolution regional anatomy scans, improved quizzing options, annotated bony landmarks, and refinements in the Table's histology-viewing feature such as the ability to compare 4 different histology tissues. Altogether, these technologies bring values that a physical cadaver couldn't deliver to various medical disciplines.

Containing 4 life-size real human cadavers and over 1,000 real-life pathology cases, the Anatomage Table has been trusted and adopted by thousands of educational and clinical institutes worldwide. Now with the launch of Table 7, the Anatomage Table has become an unrivaled healthcare education platform that marks a beginning of an era where learning with a living cadaver is possible.

For more information about Table 7, please visit here.

About Anatomage

A market leader in medical imaging technology, Anatomage enables an ecosystem of 3D anatomy hardware and software, allowing users to visualize anatomy at the highest level of accuracy. Through its highly innovative products, Anatomage is transforming standard anatomy learning, medical diagnosis and treatment planning.

Contact:Jack ChoiCEOAnatomage Inc.Phone: 1-408-885-1474Email: info@anatomage.comwww.anatomage.com

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Physiology

Red and blue nets impact on physiological and morphological traits of tomato – hortidaily.com

Plants can detect the quality, quantity and direction of light and use it as a signal to adapt their morphogenesis and growth. Thus according to their light transmission, coloured nets used to protect plants from pests and limit irradiance can also affect plant growth and production.

Scientists at Yezin Agricultural University (Myanmar), Kasetsart University (Thailand), INRA and CIRAD (France) have determined the importance of the light spectrum on plant growth, reproductive characteristics and fruit chemical composition in tomato plants, grown under blue or red nets transmitting similar photosynthetic yield from transplanting to the end of harvest.

Results showed that the morphological traits, organ physiology and fruit composition were strongly influenced by net colour. Plants under the red net were taller with a greater leaf area and a shoot to root ratio. An increased blue to red ratio slightly enhanced the reproductive development (visible bud development and 1st flowering) of tomato plants. An increased red to blue ratio enhanced the tomato glucose (17%) and fructose (6%) contents, while the citric (5%) and malic acids (4%) contents decreased, triggering a higher sugar/acid ratio. A high blue to red light limited organ growth and plant light interception was reduced despite a higher photosynthetic yield and a slight enhancement of the organ appearance rate.

"A low blue to red light increased fruit weight at harvest and even if it did not significantly improve fruit yield, it favoured fruit quality as it enhanced the tomato sugar/acid ratio," explain the scientists.

Source: Aye Aye Thwe, Poonpipope Kasemsap, Gilles Vercambre, Frdric Gay, Jessada Phattaralerphong, Hlne Gautier, 'Impact of red and blue nets on physiological and morphological traits, fruit yield and quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.)', 2020, Scientia Horticulturae, Volume 264, 109185.

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