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Employees Share What They’re Cooking During the Pandemic – Duke Today

Like many of us, Lindsay Gordon-Faranda is spending more time in the kitchen during the coronavirus pandemic.

Gordon-Faranda and her husband Jon Faranda find themselves in the kitchen nearly every night trying out new recipes from Bon Apptit magazine. Theyve made focaccia bread, tofu and vegetable curry and roast chicken. A favorite: vegetable ramen, a dish of noodles, vegetables and eggs in a flavorful broth.

Jon and I went to Japan last year after years of planning, said Gordon-Faranda, senior public relations specialist for Duke Childrens Development. Cooking Japanese food and other cuisines has been a way to transport us while were stuck at home.

Many of us are cooking at home more than ever during these stressful times. Hunter Public Relations, a firm in New York City, Los Angeles and London that works with food, beverage and retail brands, published a study in April noting that 54 percent of Americans are cooking more than they did before the pandemic. Of course, cooking at home saves money and brings comfort. Home cooks have been busy documenting their creations using hashtags on social media such as COVIDCooking and QuarantineCooking.

Heres what some Duke employees are cooking at home during COVID-19.

Tiarra WadeAssistant Dean of Students, DukeReach

Tiarra Wade didnt let COVID-19 stop her tradition of making a bunny cake.

Ever since her 7-year-old daughter Amaya was born, Wade has made a cake and decorated it into the shape of a bunny for Easter.

Wade begins with two chocolate cakes. She slices one into the shape of ears and uses another for the bunnys face. Amaya then spreads her moms homemade buttercream on the cakes and sprinkles shredded coconut on the icing. Wade and Amaya top it off with jelly beans, sprinkles and Twizzlers for the face and bow-tie.

Its been really fun to watch my daughter get more involved with baking every year, Wade said. Ill always cherish our time together in the kitchen.

Rupal VoraSenior Associate for Contracts Management, Duke Clinical Research Institute

Rupal Vora has been creating her favorite restaurant meals at home.

Vora has made spinach lasagna, vegetarian tacos and grain bowls with corn, black beans and avocado. But her favorite meal has been a replication of her go-to dishes from the Indo-Chinese restaurant, Wok on Fire, in Cary.

Indo-Chinese dishes merge the spices and cooking techniques of Chinese and Indian cuisine.

Vora whipped up Hakka noodles, boiled noodles stir-fried with vegetables and sauces; vegetable Manchurian, minced vegetables that are formed into balls, fried and covered in a sweet or spicy sauce; and chili paneer, a stir-fried dish with Indian cheese.

These are all dishes I would normally pick-up as takeout, Vora said. Being at home has made me a more adventurous cook.

Matt ClouesDirector of Alumni and Leadership Giving, Duke Annual Fund

Matt Cloues favorite kitchen tool is his cast-iron skillet.

Cloues fries eggs, cooks strip steak and makes chicken pot pie topped with Pillsbury biscuits in the 10-inch skillet he bought five years ago.

If I was stranded on a desert island, I would take my skillet, Cloues said. I can cook almost anything on it.

In May, he made a skillet shepherds pie. The traditional British dish is a mix of ground beef, peas, carrots, green beans and mashed potatoes.

I think everyone is looking for little rays of sunshine right now, Cloues said. For better or worse, mine is cooking and eating.

Ginny LeeManager for Release of Information, Health Information Management Department of Duke Health System

Cooking has been a bonding experience for Ginny Lee and her 8-year-old daughter, Mary.

A few nights each week they turn off the TV, Lee leaves her phone behind and they gather in the kitchen to make pretzels, sourdough bread and, their favorite recipe so far, ravioli.

Lee made the ravioli dough using flour and eggs and filled the pasta with ricotta, parmesan and broccoli. Lee shaped the pasta using a stamping mold her grandmother, Virginia Beattie, gave her.

Its a great feeling to know the ravioli making was such a family process, Lee said. Its a way to remember my grandmother while creating new memories with my daughter.

Maggie NguyenBiostatistician, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute

Despite making cheesecakes and various cookies for friends and colleagues for years, Maggie Nguyen stayed away from bread.

I was intimated by the kneading, said Nguyen, referring to the process of working the dough with your hands to develop structure in the final product.

She found a way to bypass that step with a no-kneed Dutch oven bread recipe from The New York Times. Nguyen has made the bread three times during the pandemic. She eats it with homemade honey butter, makes a grilled cheese sandwich or tops it with tomatoes and olive oil for bruschetta.

My world will never be the same, Nguyen said. The bread is so delicious.

Ashley LunnProgram Coordinator for Disability Services and Program Management, Duke Divinity School

Ashley Lunns favorite meal during these challenging times came about by mistake.

Lunns husband went to the grocery store to pick up a chuck roast and came back with a 6-pound beef brisket. Lunn called her dad, who lives outside Dallas, for help.

Brisket is a big thing in Texas so I knew he would have some tips, Lunn said.

Lunns dad gave her a homemade recipe that required overnight seasoning and a 7-hour cooking process. The final product instantly became a family-favorite recipe.

Its a perfect dish to make when youre stuck in the house since it cooks for so long, Lunn said. It was so good that my husband went and bought another.

What are you cooking and baking while isolating? Let us know below:

Help share the proactive and extensive work being done by all Duke community members during the COVID-19 outbreak. Send ideas, shout-outs and photographs with ushereor write us atworking@duke.edu.

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Employees Share What They're Cooking During the Pandemic - Duke Today

‘Mad Men’: A Complete Guide to Watching the Series – Vulture

I have a long history with Mad Men. I wrote episode reviews for Vulture and The New Republic. I published longer essays about the series in the print edition of New York Magazine, and stand-alone pieces in other venues. Throughout season seven, I went on radio programs and podcasts to talk about the show. Given all this, when I decided to publish a book about the show, Mad Men Carousel and then, years later, during the 2020 pandemic, started writing about the series yet again my friends would ask, Havent you had enough?

The answer is no. Because Mad Men is built to last.

Every episode is packed with comic and dramatic moments; period-accurate clothes and hairstyles and music; imaginative, hilarious, often deeply moving performances; and screenwriting that depicts the complexities and contradictions of the human personality with more insight and empathy than any American series to date. Its a drama about how individuals are and are not affected by the local, national, and international history thats constantly unfolding around them. Its a psychodrama about how our personalities are shaped by our parents, our lovers, our friends, our bosses, and everyone else we know, as well as by people weve never met but feel as if we know: the politicians, civil-rights leaders, athletes, movie stars, musicians, and other icons who inspire, entertain, confound, and sometimes anger us as we muddle through our daily lives. Its also a series with an unusually strong affinity for mythology, spirituality, religion, psychoanalysis, pop psychology, literature, poetry, cinema, and all the other means by which human experience is transformed into narrative. And at every level the scene, the episode, the season, and in total it is a masterpiece of construction, filled with major and minor bits of foreshadowing and recollection, lines and images seeming to answer each other across time.

And even as it manages to do, and be, all of these things and others, it entertains. Really entertains. Its exciting, sexy, sometimes sad, but above all else, its funny: a show that inflicts so much darkness on its characters is obligated to offer a bit of light as compensation, otherwise we wouldnt go near it.

The fifth anniversary of the series finale this month coincides with a global pandemic, during which many viewers are revisiting the show, or watching it for the first time. For those seeking a critical companion, weve gathered the best of ourMad Mencoverage in one place.The season-one recaps here are republished from Mad Men Carousel. (Editors note: Vulture was slow to catch on to Mad Men and did not recap season one.) Recaps of seasons two through four were written by my former colleague Logan Hill, who preceded me at Vulture on this particular beat. I recapped the series beginning in season five and continued through the finale. Most of them were written in the moment, without the benefit of an advance screener, and often published within hours of an episodes debut. As a result, they can have a spontaneous quality and occasionally offer speculations about future plot developments that were eventually validated or proven wrong (sometimes wildly so).

What emerges, for me anyway, after reading and writing eight years worth of Mad Men recaps, is the astonishing sturdiness of Matthew Weiners series. As many times as Ive watched it as I write this, Ive seen every episode at least five times, sometimes more I always notice new things, be they micro (when these New Yorkers go to California, they always come back a bit sunburned) to the macro (certain behavior patterns in the characters are mirrored by whats happening in the nation over time). While the series deals with history head-on, it mostly avoids the temptation to explain what it all meant, preferring to view the biggest events obliquely, cutting their potency by having characters hear the big news late, or at a moment when their own personal problems seem much larger. This rings true to life. Sometimes, to paraphrase Casablanca, our individual stories amount to hills of beans, and other times they take precedence (unless the news is so shocking and enormous that it brings life to a temporary standstill).

The show likes letting its characters just be. Fascinated as it clearly is by Freud and Jung and the Bible and the tarot deck, it is ultimately anti-theory. Its about human behavior occurring in the moment. It doesnt explain. It observes. Its not about the period; its about the question mark.

The preceding piece was adapted from Matt Zoller Seitzs 2015 criticism anthology Mad Men Carousel.

What Critics Said About Mad Men When It First Premiered

Jon Hamm on the Future of Mad Men

Emily Nussbaum on Pete Campbells Poignant Crumminess

How Joans Rape Changed Everything

Mad Men Replaces Bobby Draper, Again

The Arrangements Is the Quintessential Mad Men Episode

Why Mad Men Is Even More Addicting in Its Third Season

A Season-Three Postmortem With Emily Nussbaum and Logan Hill

Interviews with: Rich Sommer, Vincent Kartheiser, Elisabeth Moss, Christina Hendricks

Why Do the Writers Make Betty Draper Such a Monster?

What Makes Mad Men Great

Interviews: Cara Buono, Elisabeth Moss, Jared Harris, Matthew Weiner

Whats Really Happening When Mad Mens Characters Sing

In Defense of Fat Betty Draper

No One Should Be Shocked by Joans Big Move

How Suicide Has Haunted Mad Men Since Season One

Pete Campbell Is Just a Failed Don Draper

Mad Men Is a Comedy

Jon Hamm Picks His Favorite Season-Five Episode

Interviews: Jessica Par, Jared Harris, John Slattery

Does Don Draper Want to Be Every Woman He Sleeps With?

Mad Men Is the Most Anti-Pregnancy Show Ever

How The Crash Retells My Old Kentucky Home

Tracing the Troubled History of Peggy and Joan

Not Great, Bob!: The Making of Mad Mens Greatest Meme

Everyone Gets Tired of Don, Including Don

Interviews: Elisabeth Moss, Matthew Weiner

Mad Men Doesnt Believe in Love

Every Big Change at Sterling Cooper

Has There Ever Been a More Mad Men Song Than Is That All There Is?

How the Mad Men Pilot Predicted the Final Episodes

The Coke Ad: What You Need to Know to Understand the Finale

Mad Men Understood Human Behavior Better Than Any Other Show

The Vulture TV Podcast: On the End of Mad Men

Margaret Lyonss Episodic Close Reads: The Runaways, The Strategy, Waterloo, New Business, The Forecast, Time & Life, Lost Horizon, The Milk and Honey Route, Person to Person

Interviews: Vincent Kartheiser, Robert Morse, Ben Feldman, John Slattery, Matthew Weiner, Elisabeth Moss, Elizabeth Reaser, Aaron Staton, Stephanie Drake, Alison Brie, Jay R. Ferguson

Link:
'Mad Men': A Complete Guide to Watching the Series - Vulture

How COVID-19 Has Affected Waste Across the Globe – waste360

Changes in human behavior directly affect waste patterns and there is nothing like a global pandemic to test that theory. These fluctuations in waste can wreak havoc for waste collectors, but having data to direct operational resources is key to managing these fluctuations with maximum efficiency and quality.

With that in mind, we reached out to one of Waste360s 40 Under 40 winners,Geoffrey Aardsma, VP of client services at Enevo.Enevo works with its customers to transform the financial, environmental and social impact of waste. Aardsma and his team are charged with delivering value by combining groundbreaking data analytics with deep industry knowledge.

Here are some insights into a recent Enevo report that looked at a number of ways the COVID-19 safety protocols have affected waste across the globe.They looked at three of their waste generators that span geography and sector, including:

Enevo compared their waste from March and April 2019 to the same timing in 2020. Heres a deeper dive into the results.

Waste360: What has surprised you the most about the waste behavioral changes youve tracked?

There hasnt been a uniform response to the pandemic across sectors. Each container we monitor has demonstrated a unique response. Weve had a restaurant client return their sales to pre-quarantine numbers through takeout only -- so theyve had higher waste production than other restaurants we monitor. Even amongst our neighborhood containers, some produce more than others. Individual container insight has been crucial for our customers when adjusting schedules and routes.

Waste360: With the smart city example, what specific changes were made as a result of your data?

The European smart city has had to add more trucks to service communal containers as a result of the increase in residential waste. Data insight created a targeted response in increased resources and prevented an overcorrection. The city was able to commit the exact number of required resources.

With a quarantine restriction in play and more trucks and staff hired, the smart city employed more stringent safety protocols. Our tech eliminates unnecessary collections so we can reduce opportunities for exposure. Additionally, with automatically optimized schedules and routes, they arent rushed and can take the time to conduct collections as safely as possible.

Waste360: Do more routes and pickups present challenges if the city is densely constructed and populated, with narrow streets?

Every route has challenges, data helps users navigate them. Theres currently less traffic on the roads, but other factors are playing a bigger role: more collections, weight-based restrictions, time-based restrictions, and minimum frequencies. Our tech automatically responds to these restrictions while creating an appropriate collection schedule and route, so our haulers have been able to adjust accordingly -- in European alleyways or rural America.

Waste360: Are you seeing differences between American behavior and European?

In Europe, many larger cities use communal containers (typically just a block away) where people can collectively bring their waste and source separate their recyclables. These containers can be either large side- or rear-loading containers, up to 3.2m in size or even larger semi- or fully underground containers, up to 5-6m.

These units are easier to track and plan for collections than the common residential cart systems common in the U.S. With a higher capacity, there is more natural compaction and therefore less rapid fill than the smaller capacity carts.

We see trends that are consistent across European and American waste generation. A shift in waste generation from commercial to residential presents collectors with the challenge of how to also adjust their resources to match the demand.

Waste360: What were the biggest changes with the convenience store?

The convenience store subscribes to scheduled weekly collections based on their unique waste trends. As the weather warmed, they were preparing for the expected seasonal increase wed detected years past. Instead, they had to plan a decrease in service due to the COVID-19 safety measures.

We had never seen a pandemic, so it was difficult to anticipate exactly how many collections were still necessary. The convenience store relied solely on our automated schedule optimization tool, which allowed them to analyze trends during the early weeks of the safety measures and quickly adjust services.

Waste360: What were the biggest changes with the university?

The university uses the Enevo system to execute their on-campus collections, so theyve reduced collections in line with reductions in generation. This has allowed them to dedicate resources to other campus needs, like increased cleaning and safety protocols.

Waste360: Getting any sense if the waste being generated is bulkier? Heavier?

We have not seen or heard any of the haulers report any major shifts in average weight.

Waste360: Generally, residential has been up and commercial has been down for the past couple of months. Is that what you are seeing and is the trash taking up less space?

Our waste data is measured in volume. As we track fluctuations in waste, its in terms of space in the container. Our sensor can measure waste in 130+ container types, so its difficult to generalize volume across containers (especially with so many current extraneous variables). What we are seeing is an increase in residential waste volumes and a decrease in commercial volumes.

Waste360: Whats been the biggest efficiency change?

The biggest efficiency change for Enevo haulers has been in resourcing their operations given the shift in waste volumes and increased safety protocols leaving less time per route for collections.

Waste data has been crucial in matching generator behavior. Weve been able to adjust accurately and have the ability to re-adjust very quickly based on true needs.

Waste360: Is weather any significant variable in the comparisons?

Its harder to measure the current impact of weather with so many other outstanding variables. Currently, we only track year-over-year waste trends. Our sensors do measure temperature, but we havent yet normalized the data for weather patterns. However, we know that weather has a significant impact on waste generation (both commercial and residential) as it drives consumer behavior. We are working on these analytics as part of our product roadmap.

Waste360: Are you tracking recycling bins as well? Are people recycling a larger or smaller percentage than before?And if so, what does that look like?

Were seeing a general increase in residential waste and recycling.

There hasnt really been an uniform recycling response, but we have noticed considerable upticks in certain areas. In a few of our community multi-source recycling bins, glass bottles and cans are significantly higher. This indicates a possible increase in beverage consumption in particular.

Waste360: Will you continue to monitor this and report back?

Always. We have 40,000 active sensors collecting data in real time for our customers. They use the data to tackle their services in the most efficient and sustainable manner possible. Our broader data insights are a happy side effect. We have billions of data points, so were always eager to share. Waste behavior is human behavior.

Link:
How COVID-19 Has Affected Waste Across the Globe - waste360

Momentum is becoming a less-profitable strategy in the stock market – MarketWatch

CHAPEL HILL, N.C. Youd have made more money over the last two months by betting on the stock markets prior losers than on the winners. Thats just the opposite of what Wall Streets well-known momentum effect expects.

While this reversal was partially caused by temporary factors relating to the new bull market that began in late March, it also reflects more enduring changes in the market that could very well diminish the momentum effects profitability going forward.

That would represent a serious setback to what once was one of Wall Streets most profitable strategies. Since 1926, a portfolio of the stocks with the best trailing-year returns performed far better than a second portfolio containing the stocks with the worstby a margin of 10.6 annualized percentage points, according to data from Ken French, a Dartmouth professor.

This historical pattern has been turned on its head since the stock markets SPX, +1.83% March 23 lows, however. According to Frenchs data, the low-momentum portfolio since then through the end of April has beaten the high-momentum portfolio by 10.7 percentage points. And note that this margin of outperformance is unannualized; on an annualized basis, the low-momentum stocks advantage over that period is over 70 percentage points.

At least in part this reversal was to be expected, since momentum typically fails in the first couple of months after a bear-market bottom. That makes sense, of course. When the economy decides not to jump off a cliff, the best-performing stocks will be those basket cases that otherwise were near-certain bets of going bankrupt.

Recent research suggests that a longer-term shift in the markets may also be playing a role. That research finds both that the momentum effect is in large part caused by the behavior of retail investors, and that they represent a smaller and smaller proportion of overall trading volume.

The study, Retail Investors Contrarian Behavior Around News and the Momentum Effect, began circulating in February in academic circles. Its authors are Cheng (Patrick) Luo, the lead data scientist at Farallon Capital Management; Enrichetta Ravina, a professor at Northwestern University; and Luis Viceira, a professor at Harvard Business School. The researchers reached their conclusions upon analyzing the trading records of 2.8 million individual accounts at a major discount brokerage firm from 2010 through 2014.

They found that, on balance, individual investors react in a contrarian way to earnings surprises. That is, they tend to sell stocks that have had a positive surprise and buy stocks with a negative surprise. Their behavior leads to momentum because it means that stocks underreact to their earnings surprises. As the market eventually corrects this underreaction, the positive-surprise stocks keep on winning and the negative-surprise stocks continue losing.

This aspect of human behavior is not new. What has changed is the declining proportion of trading volume from individuals. Because of that, Ravina told me in an interview, wed expect the momentum effect to decline along with it.

And thats exactly what were seeing, as illustrated in the chart at the top of this article. It plots the difference in annualized trailing 20-year returns of the highest-momentum and lowest-momentum stocks. Notice the distinct downtrend over the last four decades.

The returns reflected in this chart dont take transaction costs into account. Since the momentum portfolios undergo lots of transactions, its entirely possible that, after transaction costs, high-momentum stocks enjoyed no actual advantage over low-momentum stocks over the last 20 years.

There are at least two major investment implications of this research. The first is that you may need to reduce your expectations for momentum approaches in coming years. The second is that you shouldnt automatically bet that the markets reaction to an earnings surprise will soon be reversed.

Mark Hulbert is a regular contributor to MarketWatch. His Hulbert Ratings tracks investment newsletters that pay a flat fee to be audited. He can be reached at mark@hulbertratings.com.

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Momentum is becoming a less-profitable strategy in the stock market - MarketWatch

What you need to know about the COVID-19 pandemic on 26 May – World Economic Forum

Responding to the COVID-19 pandemic requires global cooperation among governments, international organizations and the business community, which is at the centre of the World Economic Forums mission as the International Organization for Public-Private Cooperation.

Since its launch on 11 March, the Forums COVID Action Platform has brought together 1,667 stakeholders from 1,106 businesses and organizations to mitigate the risk and impact of the unprecedented global health emergency that is COVID-19.

The platform is created with the support of the World Health Organization and is open to all businesses and industry groups, as well as other stakeholders, aiming to integrate and inform joint action.

As an organization, the Forum has a track record of supporting efforts to contain epidemics. In 2017, at our Annual Meeting, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) was launched bringing together experts from government, business, health, academia and civil society to accelerate the development of vaccines. CEPI is currently supporting the race to develop a vaccine against this strand of the coronavirus.

1. How COVID-19 is affecting the globe

Countries where coronavirus infections are declining could still face an immediate second peak if they let up too soon on measures to halt the outbreak, the World Health Organization (WHO) warned on Monday.

Dr Michael J. Ryan, Chief Executive Director of the WHO Health Emergencies Programme said that while many cases are declining in some countries, they are still increasing in Central and South America, South Asia and Africa.

Epidemics often come in waves, Ryan said, and outbreaks could come back later this year in places where the first wave has subsided. There was also a chance that infection rates could rise again more quickly if measures to halt the first wave were lifted too soon.

When we speak about a second wave classically what we often mean is there will be a first wave of the disease by itself, and then it recurs months later. And that may be a reality for many countries in a number of months time, Ryan said.

Image: Statista

On 22 May, The Lancet published an observational study on the drugs hydroxycholoroquine and chloraquine, namely on their effects on hospital patients suffering from the novel coronavirus. The authors estimated a "higher mortality rate" among patients receiving the drug, with risk of death increasing by 34% and serious heart arrhythmias by 137%.

In the meantime, a group of participants in the WHO's Solidarity Trial announced that until they can evaluate the drug's potential harms and benefits, they would place a "temporary pause" of the hydroxychloroquine section of the trial, while the data is reviewed by the Data Safety Monitoring Board.

"I wish to reiterate that these drugs are accepted as generally safe for use in patients with autoimmune diseases or malaria," WHO Director-General Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said during an online briefing on Monday.

With lockdown restrictions beginning to ease in some countries, many people are starting to ask when they can travel again. Typically, this means getting on a plane.

But is it safe, and how can you make the experience as safe as possible?

In this article, an epidemiologist and an exposure scientist walk you through how to minimize the risk of exposure to COVID-19 during air travel.

As well as using simple hygiene tips and arming yourself with specific knowledge about your airport and flight, they advise adopting a method called a "Heirarchy of Control" - a strategy often used by healthcare professionals.

"This approach does two things," the authors write. "It focuses on strategies to control exposures close to the source. Second, it minimizes how much you have to rely on individual human behavior to control exposure. Its important to remember you may be infectious and everyone around you may also be infectious."

The 'Heirarchy of Control' focuses on strategies to control exposures close to the source.

Image: CDC

License and Republishing

World Economic Forum articles may be republished in accordance with our Terms of Use.

Written by

Ross Chainey, Digital Media Specialist, World Economic Forum

The views expressed in this article are those of the author alone and not the World Economic Forum.

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What you need to know about the COVID-19 pandemic on 26 May - World Economic Forum

4 Non-Obvious Trends That Matter During This Pandemic – Singularity Hub

Last year at South By Southwest, author and entrepreneur Rohit Bhargava spoke to a packed auditorium about trends that, though they may not be obvious, are playing a serious role in shaping the future. Each year Bhargava spends untold hours figuring out which trends are going to be the most relevant and impactful, then puts out a book on them as part of his Non-Obvious series.

He was planning to speak about 2020 trends at this years SXSW festivalbut like every other large in-person event, it was canceled. And like every other thing in our lives, the pandemic has turned most of Bhargavas 2020 trends on their heads.

But not all of them. In fact, a select few trends that were already on the rise have been amplified by Covid-19, and now theyre even more significant. In a virtual SXSW session streamed from his home last week, Bhargava talked about these trends, how we can make the most of them, and how to find meaning amid chaos and confusion.

Were in a time of extreme disruptionthat much is obvious. The places were used to going, which are normally full of people, are empty. Were all at home trying to figure out how to pass the time productively. And we all have big questions about how the new normaleven once our states and cities start to reopenis going to change the way we do everything. Will students go back to school in the fall? Will we be working from home indefinitely? Will we always have to wear a face mask to go to the grocery store? Whats safe and what isnt?

Bhargava emphasized that hes not here to predict the future. Rather than being focused on where the world will be 5 to 10 years from now, he said, I focus on trying to observe today to figure out what to do today. Also, tech on its own doesnt intrigue him as much as the human response to tech and how its impacting our lives. Im more interested in how human behavior is evolving, he said.

But how do you figure that out when theres so, so much information coming at us from all sides? The big problem right now is that we just dont know what to believe, and so we dont believe anything, Bhargava said. The world seems untrustworthy and we dont know what to pay attention to.

Parody videos and articles have popped up poking fun at the confusion around coronavirus, but its disconcerting to realize how much misinformation has been flying around, and how little we know about this virus even after two and a half months of lockdowns.

Misinformation is, of course, not a new problem. And its impossible to consume all the information out there to try to figure out whats real. Instead of attempting to digest and make sense of all the news, tweets, memes, podcasts, articles, shares, retweets, and videos out there, Bhargava said, we should devote more time to trying to understand people. How do we become people who understand people? he asked. What motivates them to believe something, what gets them to act, what engages them?

Bhargavas own people-understanding process involves what he calls the haystack method. Rather than searching for a needle in a haystack, he gathers hay (ideas and stories) then uses it to locate and define a needle (a trend). Its really easy to read the same media that reinforces what you already think over and over, he said. But a key part of gathering valuable information is looking for it in places you wouldnt normally think to look. That means taking in media thats targeted to different demographics than those you fall into.

Once you look across a wide variety of channels, common themes emerge. Bhargava groups those themes together and tries to elevate them into a bigger idea; thats where his trends come from.

He defines a non-obvious trend as a unique curated observation of the accelerating present. Were in a moment now where the present is accelerating even faster, he said. Here are the four trends hes pinpointed that have been amplified by the current situationand how we can make the best of them.

Overwhelmed by technology and a sense that life is too complex, people seek out simpler experiences that offer nostalgia and remind them of a more trustworthy time; we revive habits, media, or connections we find comforting or reassuring. This trend was already in place before the pandemic; Bhargava included a variation of it in his 2019 SXSW talk. The breakneck speed of technology made many of us want to slow down and reconsider the role we want our phones and computers to play in our day to day lives.

But now, Bhargava said, revivalism is gaining even more momentum; if the world seemed complex and overwhelming before, that sense has multiplied by an order of magnitude now that were in a global health crisis. Rather than drowning in too much conflicting information, people are consciously cutting back on the amount of news and social media they consume each day (not least because its just. so. depressing.) and seeking out forms of entertainment that were cast aside long ago: books, puzzles, classic video games, board games. Were reconnecting virtually with friends or relatives we havent spoken to in a while. Were trying out old family recipes in the kitchen since we cant go to restaurants.

Its time, Bhargava said, to rediscover the analog; We can do these things outside of technology. Now that weve been forced to find substitutes for many components of our daily routines, maybe well learn that we dont need to be as dependent on our devices as we thought.

The second trend is essentially a more nuanced variation of the first. Tired of technology that isolates us from one another, people are seeking out and placing greater value on physical, authentic, and imperfect experiences delivered by humans. In a time when we cant hug our friends and families or even speak to store clerks without masks and plastic dividers, were craving empathetic, human experiences big-time.

The aforementioned dependence on digital devices as a way to interact with other people seems reprehensible now that we dont even have the in-person option. Before the pandemic we relied on social media to connect us, texting to communicate with each other, like buttons to share our opinions and preferences, and algorithms to streamline and improve our shopping, transit, and other experiences.

While all of that isnt going to go awayand may double down in a world where physical contact is now perceived as dangerouswere realizing how crucial and irreplaceable our human connections are. We need to focus on empathy first, Bhargava said. An empathetic approach (whether in business or simply with our families and friends) is most likely to provide value to people in the current situation. And probably always.

Have you picked up some new skills during lockdown? Tried your hand at some fancy recipes? Learned hard pieces on the guitar or piano? How likely is it that the skills or habits youve picked up will persist after this is all over?

As we consume bite-sized knowledge on demand, Bhargava said, we benefit from learning everything more quickly but risk forgetting the value of mastery and wisdom. Its become really easy to watch a YouTube video to learn just about anything; during the pandemic, views of cooking tutorial videos have skyrocketed, and its likely the same has happened for instructional videos of all types (including how to cut your own or your partners hair!). Since we now have access to information more readily than ever before, we expect to be able to learn things faster. But it still takes a lot of time and dedication to get really good at a skill or become an expert in a given field.

While its great to learn new skills quickly, lets not forget to zoom out and look at the bigger picture. Bhargava recommends finding ways to connect people with knowledge to inspire beliefs, expanding our worldviews and building towards a greater visionwhether for ourselves, our families, or the collective future.

The lines between industries are eroding, leading to a continual disruption of business models, distribution channels, and consumer expectations. This was happening before Covid-19 broke out; Apple was getting into financial services, banks were opening coffee shops, Crayola started making makeup, and Taco Bell opened a hotel (I know right- WHAT?! Its true though).

Now that everything is closed and were confined to our homes, businesses are having to adapt in ways they never imaginedand those that cant adapt are, unfortunately, in trouble. Everything about how we do business is shifting, Bhargava said. And that disruption is happening at an unprecedented pace. Even once the economy opens againwhich for many states in the US is happening this weekwe wont go back to how things were in 2019. The only way forward is to adapt.

We dont know whats coming next, Bhargava said. But we know that people who can adapt best are non-obvious thinkers who pay attention to whats happening and try to continue to change.

Image Credit: Rohit Bhargava by Brian Smale

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4 Non-Obvious Trends That Matter During This Pandemic - Singularity Hub

Nature is so angry: Covid, cyclone and now heatwave – Economic Times

Indias resources are stretched to fight Covid-19 with cases continuing to both rise and spread after two months of a severe lockdown. And yet, this is not the only crisis in town. Last week super cyclonic storm Amphan left behind a trail of destruction on the countrys eastern coast and this week a heatwave is scorching the north. With temperatures rising beyond 45C IMD has issued red and orange warnings for various areas. In Uttarakhand the forest fires are raging again.

The pandemic has already driven home the costs of humanitys destruction of Nature, and heatwaves are one more manifestation of the same collective vulnerability and nightmare. Depletion of tree cover and of soil moisture mean greater transfer of heat from the earth to the atmosphere, and of course all the greenhouse gases added to this cocktail up the ante. Indeed last month tied for the worlds warmest April on record and 2020 is threatening to be the hottest year since records began despite months of cessation of normal economic activity. This is also a reminder that the bluer skies and cleaner air gifted by the coronavirus lockdowns are a very limited treat. Real change needs longer-term and structural shifts in human behavior and business.

There has been a great deal of hope expressed that somehow the pandemic, the lockdown, and the birdsong filling the lockdown will make the world change direction on climate change finally, in enlightened fashion. However, the odds are even that the opposite will happen. The joblessness and poverty caused by the pandemic could send countries rushing for growth pell-mell with environmental regulations being tossed aside instead of strengthened. Likewise, the multilateral cooperation that is needed for the COP framework to really achieve anything substantial is looking shabbier than yesterday.

But the world cannot afford stasis or setback on this. Increasing extreme weather events from Australia to America underline that as much as the pandemic has disrupted normal life, in the longer term climate change is incalculably more dangerous. So governments must find common ground for change. Post Covid reconstruction offers a special window for shaping economic activity with reduced emissions and reduced climate risks.

As for what is needed in Haryana, West MP, Vidarbha, Rajasthan etc in the coming days it is plentiful cooling support. Exposure of citizens in all affected areas has to be minimized, they need to stay hydrated, and health services need to gear up for complaints of heat exhaustion. Too often over the last few months we have seen different arms of government pulling in different directions. But such lack of coordination seriously hurts citizens interests. Staying cool also needs governments, businesses and civil society to get their act together. What should lend urgency is that according to WMO heatwaves were the deadliest meteorological hazard in the 20152019 period.

DISCLAIMER : Views expressed above are the author's own.

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Nature is so angry: Covid, cyclone and now heatwave - Economic Times

Parenting: Behavior modification was never really proved – Arkansas Democrat-Gazette

Psychologist B.F. Skinner, the formulator of behavior modification theory, was attempting to prove that the same principles that govern the behavior of amoeba, planaria, rats, dogs and monkeys also govern the behavior of human beings. A very Darwinian proposition, indeed.

What my graduate school professors conveniently "forgot" to tell me: Skinner failed to prove his hypothesis, and no researcher has ever succeeded where Skinner did not. Some have claimed success, but all they've succeeded at proving, really, is the fact that human beings are economists by nature. From a very early age, humans weigh benefits versus costs and make logical decisions, if not always rational ones.

Dogs are not economists. Behavior modification strategies manipulations of reward and punishment compel the behavior of a dog. Their outcomes are predictable. But behavior modification outcomes are not at all reliably predictable in a human, even an infant.

Researchers have found that when the subject is human, rewards and punishments have paradoxical effects at times. Rewards can lessen desired behavior and punishment can increase undesired behavior. Significant numbers of parents have discovered the same paradox, albeit most of them don't understand what it is they're seeing.

Put a 15-month-old child in two minutes of timeout every time he goes after one of his mother's set of limited-edition porcelain figurines and watch as his determination to obtain the figurines increases. Praise and continue to praise a 4-year-old child for making an attempt to draw a horse and watch him stop drawing horses. In both cases, economics is at work.

In the case of the toddler, two minutes in a chair doesn't begin to outweigh the thrill of the chase. The more timeouts, the more of a challenge those figurines become. The 4-year-old stops drawing horses because he figures out, intuitively, that any old horse is good enough to send his mother into clapping spasms, high-fives, and "woo-woos!" That wears thin quickly.

To work, punishments must outweigh a child's determination to win, to prove that no one can tell him what to do. To win over the little rebel/economist, the cost of misbehaving must be significantly greater than the benefit and believe me when I say that rebellion is its own benefit. It scratches a persistent itch. The parental goal should be to punish infrequently, but when punishment is necessary, to do so in ways that establish permanent memories. Timeout is the least memorable of all punishments, by the way. It's merely annoying.

To be motivating, rewards must be dispensed conservatively. The more "everyday" they are, the less meaningful they become. The value of a reward is inverse to its frequency. The scarcity of praise forces a child to self-reward, which characterizes all high achievers.

As I will maintain forever, child-rearing is not complicated; it's almost completely a matter of common sense. Unfortunately, for going on 50 years now, American parents have been listening to professional "parenting" types who have made it seem complicated and anything but common-sensical.

Write to family psychologist John Rosemond at The Leadership Parenting Institute, 420 Craven St., New Bern, N.C. 28560 or email questions@rosemond.com. Due to the volume of mail, not every question will be answered.

Style on 05/26/2020

Print Headline: Behavior modification was never really proved

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Parenting: Behavior modification was never really proved - Arkansas Democrat-Gazette

When it comes to punishments and rewards, think twice – Albuquerque Journal

.......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ..........

Psychologist B.F. Skinner, the formulator of behavior modification theory, was attempting to prove that the same principles that govern the behavior of amoeba, planaria, rats, dogs, and monkeys also govern the behavior of human beings. A very Darwinian proposition, indeed.

What my graduate school professors conveniently forgot to tell me: Skinner failed to prove his hypothesis, and no researcher has ever succeeded where Skinner did not. Some have claimed success, but all theyve succeeded at proving, really, is the fact that human beings are economists by nature. From a very early age, humans weigh benefits versus costs and make logical decisions, if not always rational ones.

Dogs are not economists. Behavior modification strategies manipulations of reward and punishment compel the behavior of a dog. Their outcomes are predictable. But behavior modification outcomes are not at all reliably predictable in a human, even in an infant.

Researchers have found that when the subject is human, rewards and punishments have paradoxical effects at times. Rewards can lessen desired behavior and punishment can increase undesired behavior. Significant numbers of parents have discovered the same paradox, albeit most of them dont understand what it is theyre seeing.

Put a 15-month-old child in two minutes of timeout every time he goes after one of his mothers set of limited-edition porcelain figurines and watch as his determination to obtain the figurines increases. Praise and continue to praise a 4-year-old child for making an attempt to draw a horse and watch him stop drawing horses. In both cases, economics is at work.

In the case of the toddler, two minutes in a chair doesnt begin to outweigh the thrill of the chase. The more timeouts, the more of a challenge those figurines become. The 4-year-old stops drawing horses because he figures out, intuitively, that any old horse is good enough to send his mother into clapping spasms, high-fives, and woo-woos! That wears thin quickly.

To work, punishments must outweigh a childs determination to win, to prove that no one can tell him what to do. To win over the little rebel/economist, the cost of misbehaving must be significantly greater than the benefit and believe me when I say that rebellion is its own benefit. It scratches a persistent itch. The parental goal should be to punish infrequently, but when punishment is necessary, to do so in ways that establish permanent memories. Timeout is the least memorable of all punishments, by the way. Its merely annoying.

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To be motivating, rewards must be dispensed conservatively. The more everyday they are, the less meaningful they become. The value of a reward is inverse to its frequency. The scarcity of praise forces a child to self-reward, which characterizes all high achievers.

As I will forever maintain, child-rearing is not complicated; its almost completely a matter of common sense. Unfortunately, for going on 50 years now, American parents have been listening to professional parenting types who have made it seem complicated and anything but common-sensical.

Family psychologist John Rosemond: johnrosemond.com, parentguru.com.

The rest is here:
When it comes to punishments and rewards, think twice - Albuquerque Journal

The 5 Steps of Habit Building – Michigan Lawyers Weekly

By Maura Mazurowski

According to a study by Duke University, habits account for about 40% of human behavior every day. That means roughly half of peoples daily activities are performed almost the same ways each and every day.

Our lives consist of habits weve formed over our lifetimes. Brushing your teeth upon waking, running in the afternoon, snacking late at night whether theyre good or bad, our habits become so ritualistic that we dont always recognize were doing them.

Psychologist Wendy Wood was among the first to call attention to the neurology of habits. As you repeat certain behaviors, the actions form like muscle memory in your brain. With enough repetition, habits become ingrained in us as rigid behaviors that our brains absentmindedly carry out.

COVID-19 has disrupted the lives of individuals worldwide. When our daily routines are derailed, its easy to feel aimless, confused and unsure of what actions to take to get through the day.

Rather than feel uncomfortable by todays unsettling, forced reality, perhaps we should adapt to the new societal limitations by developing habits and routines that can help us find some comfort in uncomfortable times.

That said, habit-forming is a more difficult process than one might think. According to the 21/90 rule, it takes 21 days to make a habit and 90 days to make a lifestyle.

In 2018, author James Clear published Atomic Habits: An Easy & Proven Way to Build Good Habits & Break Bad Ones. In his self-help debut, Clear breaks down the process of habit-building into five steps.

Step 1: Start small

Clear recommends making a new habit so easy that you cant say no. Start so small that you cant say you need more motivation to pick it up, or that if you only had the willpower you could make this work. Research suggests that willpower is like a muscle. It gets fatigued as you use it throughout the day. Therefore pick up a new habit that is so easy you dont need motivation to do it.

Rather than starting with 50 pushups per day, start with five pushups per day, Clear wrote. Make it easy enough that you can get it done without motivation.

Step 2: Increase your habit in very small ways

The zero to one hundred mindset is counterproductive in habit-building. Rather than striving for perfectionism right off the bat, slowly build on your new habit every day. If you want to play the guitar, start by strumming the same for chords every day for 15 minutes. The next week, bump it up to 20. Throw in a new chord here and there. Even Jimi Hendrix had to start somewhere.

Step 3: Break habits into chunks

If you continue to build on a habit just a bit every day, youll find it becomes easier to accomplish as the months go on. It is important to keep each habit reasonable, so that you can maintain momentum and make the behavior as easy as possible to accomplish, Clear said.

If youre attaching a quantitative goal to your habits, try breaking that number up throughout the day. Do you want to meditate every day for 20 minutes? Break it up into two 10-minute chunks. Do you want to do 50 push-ups daily? Start with five sets of 10. Breaking down behaviors into bite-sized pieces makes habit-building less intimidating and more attractive to take on.

Step 4: If you slip, quickly get back on track

Research has shown that missing your habit once has no measurable impact on your long-term progress. So abandon your all-or-nothing mentality; as human beings, were inevitably going to slip up. And being hard on yourself for failing to perform your new habit one day wont get you very far.

Clear suggests that you shouldnt expect to fail; rather, plan for the possibility that you might slip up. Consider the obstacles that could prevent your habit from forming. By doing so, you can more easily identify factors that will inhibit habit building and how to get back on track.

Step 5: Be patient

This may be the toughest step to follow, but according to Clear, its the most crucial to carry out. You can make incredible progress if you are consistent and patient, he wrote.

Habit building is an endurance game. Youre not going to complete a marathon the first day you start running. Patience and sustainability are key when forming new habits and behaviors.

The most important thing to remember is that new habits should feel easy, especially when just starting out. Identify a habit youd like to develop, and make it so attainable to achieve that you cant help but complete it every day until one day, you dont even notice yourself doing it.

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The 5 Steps of Habit Building - Michigan Lawyers Weekly