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Follow the Money: $100M to DNAnexus, Investments in Machine-Learning for Drug Discovery, More – Bio-IT World

By Bio-IT World Staff

June 17, 2020 |Big investments this past month in machine-learning driven drug discovery frominsitro, andDNAnexussand cloud-based informatics platform. Vaccine funding forGreenLightBiosciences,boron drug delivery,and moreof the latest funding updates from across life sciences, clinical trials, the diagnostics industries.

$143M:Machine-Learning-Enabled Drug Discovery

insitro, a San Francisco machine-learning driven drug discovery and development company, has raised $143 million in an oversubscribed Series B financing. The financing was led by Andreessen Horowitz, with participation from new investors Canada Pension Plan Investment Board (CPP Investments) and funds and accounts advised by T. Rowe Price Associates, as well as funds managed by BlackRock,CasdinCapital, HOF Capital,WuXiAppTecsCorporate Venture Fund, and other undisclosed investors. Current investors also participated in the financing. Proceeds from the financing will be used to continue to buildinsitrosfoundations of technology and automation, enabling data generation at larger scale and further expanding the capabilities to generate predictive models of human disease. In addition, this capital will be used to prosecute newly identified, genetically validated targets, to identify patient segmentation biomarkers, and to advance therapeutics ingenetically-definedpatient populations.insitroalso plans to establish new, synergistic industry partnerships and build additional ML-enabled capabilities along the R&D value chain in order to accelerate drug discovery and development.

$120M:Speeding Supply Chain

Rapid Micro Biosystems, Lowell, Mass., has completed a $120 million financing, including an equity investment led by Ally Bridge Group, along with Endeavour Vision and existing investors including Bain Capital Life Sciences, Longitude Capital,XerayaCapital and Asahi Kasei. Proceeds will enable the company to meet growing demand for its automated microbial detection platform and support new product development for pandemic response. It will also accelerate new product development of a rapid sterility test for the final release of products which can significantly shorten the supply chain by accelerating deployment of biologics, vaccines and cell therapies to patients, and fund further commercial expansion in the United States, Europe and Asia.

$119M:mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine

GreenLightBiosciences, Boston, has closed two recent funding rounds: a $17 million special purpose funding round in May and a $102 million round in June. Both rounds come from new and existing investors. The May $17 million round was directed toward building out its scalable mRNA production capability targeting the production of billions of doses of COVID-19 vaccine. In addition to expanding its manufacturing capacity,GreenLightis developing several differentiated mRNA vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19. mRNA-based vaccines offer the potential to address pandemics because of shorter pre-clinical development times compared to traditional vaccines. The June $102 million round is broader, meant to rapidly expand production of its RNA products for agricultural and life sciences applications. Participating investors in the May round include Flu Lab,XerayaCapital, and Baird Capital. Participating investors in the June round include Morningside Ventures, agriculture venture firm S2G Ventures, Cormorant Asset Management, Continental Grain Company, Fall Line Capital, Tao Capital Partners, Baird Capital, MLS Capital Fund II, Lewis and ClarkAgriFood, andLupaSystems.

$100M:Cloud-Based Informatics Platform

DNAnexus, Mountain View, Calif.,has closed a $100 million financing round. The financing was led by Perceptive Advisors andNorthpondVentures, joining existing investors GV,ForesiteCapital, TPG Capital, and First Round Capital, and first-time equity investor Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. These funds will advance the companys growth globally, enablingDNAnexusto further serve leading healthcare and life science organizations. TheDNAnexusPlatform accelerates digital transformation by simplifying complex data analysis, clinical data management, and insights at a scale not previously possible.

$100M:Health Monitoring System, COVID-19 Test

Cue Health, San Diego, has closed its Series C financing round, raising $100 million in new capital. Investors in Cues Series C include Menlo Park-basedDechengCapital,ForesiteCapital, Madrone Capital Partners, Johnson & Johnson Innovation - JJDC, Inc., ACME Capital and other investment firms. Proceeds from the financing will be used to complete development, validation, and scale-up of manufacturing of the Cue Health Monitoring System and Cue Test Cartridges. Cues operations, including manufacturing, are vertically integrated and currently occupy approximately 55,000sqft in San Diego, CA USA. The company plans to increase its footprint to over 110,000sqft to better support development and commercialization of its products, including a fast, portable, and easy-to-use molecular test for COVID-19, which is currently under review by the FDA for an Emergency Use Authorization.

$70M:NGS Automation, Epidemic Response

GinkgoBioworks, Boston, announced a $70 million investment from Illumina and existing Ginkgo investors, General Atlantic and Viking Global Investors to build infrastructure to enable rapid epidemic response. Next-generation sequencing, coupled with Ginkgo's hardware and software that is designed for the large-scale automation of biological experiments, has the potential to significantly increase COVID-19 testing capacity, contributing to the testing volume that many public health experts believe is necessary for slowing the spread of the virus. Ginkgo is deploying its resources toward building an epidemic monitoring and diagnostic testing facility in its Boston Seaport labs, developing processes that use Illumina's NGS technology for large-scale testing, in addition to whole genome sequencing and environmental monitoring. Currently in an early build phase, Ginkgo aims to have NGS-based testing capacity available to help reopen schools and businesses.

$60M:Series AStructural Immunology Platform

VentusTherapeutics, Boston and Montreal,announced a $60 million Series A financing led by founding investor Versant Ventures with participation by GV (formerly Google Ventures). Proceeds will be used to advance three pipeline programs and to expand the companys structural immunology platform to pursue previously intractable drug targets.Ventus structural immunology platform is based on protein engineering capabilities with the necessary know-how to generate and express stable monomers of known targets, including the inflammasomes and nucleic acid sensing targets. This in turn enables the elucidation of protein structures and the implementation of direct biochemical and biophysical assays that previously did not exist.

$50M:Cloud R&D Platform

Benchling,San Francisco,announced it closed $50 million in Series D funding led byAlkeonand joined by new investors Spark Capital, Lux Capital and ICONIQ Partners, as well as existing investors Thrive Capital, Benchmark and Menlo Ventures.Benchlingwill use the investment to build advanced product capabilities, expand its international presence, and drive adoption across leading R&D organizations, bringing the power of modern-day software to drive the rapid transformation of the life sciences industry.

$30M:Boron Drug Delivery

TAE Life Sciences (TLS), Santa Monica, Calif., has launched its in-house boron delivery drug development program supported by an influx of $30M in funding. The initial phase of the B-round funds comes from a consortium of investors including ARTIS Ventures, who led the companys initial funding in 2018. TLS is a biological-targeting radiation therapy company developing next-generation boron neutron capture therapy solutions (BNCT). This investment will enable TLS to move beyond the current boron-10 drug, BPA, and speed development of novel proprietary boron-10 target drugsat the same time thatit hones its neutron beam accelerator technology for BNCT. BNCT is a particle therapy designed to selectively destroy cancer cells without damaging neighboring healthy cells. The TLS diversified drug program objectives include improved targeting of cancer cells, increased boron accumulation in target cells, longer boron retention time, and more boron homogeneity.

$12M:Solid Cancer Monitoring, Treatment

C2i Genomics, New York, has raised $12 million in its Series A financing. The financing was led byCasdinCapital and joined by additional new investors including NFX Capital, The Mark Foundation for Cancer Research and other investors. Proceeds from the financing will be used to fund the development andclinical validation of C2i Genomics personalized, real-time solution for monitoring recurrence and treatment response for various types of solid cancers. C2i Genomics innovative solution is based on research performed at the New York Genome Center (NYGC) and Weill Cornell Medicine (WCM) by Dr. AsafZviran, along with Dr. Dan Landau, core faculty member at the NYGC and assistant professor of Medicine at WCM, who serves as scientific co-founder and member of C2is scientific advisory board. The technology has been validated through longitudinal clinical cohorts in collaboration with cancer centers in New York and Boston and was recently published inNature Medicine(DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-0915-3). This proof-of-concept research was supported by a 2017 grant from The Mark Foundation for Cancer Research.

$10M: Series C Extension for High-Definition PCR

ChromaCode, Carlsbad, Calif., announced a $10 million Series C extension with an investment from Adjuvant Capital. The Adjuvant investment brings the companys total Series C funding to $38 million. Managing Partner Jenny Yip will joinChromaCodesBoard of Directors. Funding from this round will support global expansion and continued development ofChromaCodeshigh-definition PCR platform (HDPCR), through which the company recently launched a high-throughput SARS-CoV-2 Assay. Adjuvant joins existingChromaCodeinvestorsNorthpondVentures, New Enterprise Associates (NEA), Domain Associates, Windham Ventures, Okapi Ventures, Moore Venture Partners and the California Institute of Technology.

$6.2M:Antibiotic Resistance Diagnostics

Day Zero Diagnostics, Boston, was awarded up to $6.2 million in non-dilutive funding from Combating Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria Biopharmaceutical Accelerator (CARB-X), a global non-profit partnership dedicated to accelerating early antibacterial research and development to address the rising global threat of drug-resistant bacteria. Day Zero uses genome sequencing and machine learning to combat the rise of antibiotic-resistant infections. The new funds will support the development of Day Zeros diagnostic system that is intended to help physicians quickly and accurately diagnose and treat life-threatening bacterial infections. The system promises to help patients with severe infections receive the most effective antibiotic treatment on the first day they are admitted to the hospitalday zerorather than being treated with multiple days of toxic broad-spectrum antibiotics to prevent septic shock.

$5M:Immuno-Oncology Drugs

Kineta, Seattle, Wash., is a clinical stage biotechnology company focused on the development of novel immunotherapies in oncology, neuroscience and biodefense. The company has successfully closed its most recent funding round totaling $5 million. This round was led by the Bellevue-basedSchlaepferFamily Foundation. Proceeds from this investment round will be used to fund the early development ofKineta'simmuno-oncology drug programs.Kinetais focused on developing new, best-in-class immunotherapies to address hard-to-treat cancers in a variety of solid tumors.

$2.5M:NCI Grant for Bioimaging

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has been awarded a $2.5 million grant from the National Institutes of Healths National Cancer Institute (NCI) to continue to develop new and innovative bioimaging techniques that also harness the power of machine learning methods. The grant will support the further development of a new imaging technique that will allow cancer biologists to observe the molecular, metabolic, and functional behavior of breast cancer cells when a targeted therapeuticspecificallyhuman epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)is introduced. It will be used in preclinical research using non-human models.

$2.5M:NIH Grant For Viral Tests

University of Texas,Dallas received a $2.5 million National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant for work on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The grant, spread over five years, will support efforts to advance a novel infectious disease diagnostic approach, develop prototypes, and evaluate the method using clinical specimens. The goal is to develop a more accurate test that could be done while a patient is in the doctors office, although the work is several steps from that point. The method uses gold nanoparticles, which attach to antibody molecules that can recognize and bind with protein molecules found on the surfaces of viruses. Researchers apply short laser pulses to activate the nanoparticles to generate nanoscale bubbles, or nanobubbles. An accumulation of nanobubbles signals the presence of a virus.

$1.8M:Dental Tissue Engineering

LaunchPadMedical, Lowell, Mass.,has received follow-on support of up to $1.8 million from the Michigan-Pittsburgh-Wyss Regenerative Medicine Resource Center, which was funded by NIHs National Institute of Dental and Cranial Research (U24-DE029462) to improve the translation of promising tissue engineering and regenerative medicine technologies for dental, oral, and craniofacial clinical practice.This grant will allow the company to conduct a pivotal animal study and generate all the other required data to file an Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) application with the FDA to start a clinical trial.

$1.7M:Gas-Sensing Gut Capsule

AtmoBiosciences, Melbourne and Sydney, Australia has raised a further A$2.5 million in an oversubscribed funding round, supplementing an initial seed raise in March 2019.Atmosingestible gas-sensing capsule continuously measures clinically important gaseous biomarkers produced by the microbiome in the gastrointestinal system. This data is transmitted wirelessly to the cloud for aggregation and analysis.Atmowill use the funds for continuedproduct development, manufacture of thesecond generationgas-sensing capsule, and pilot clinical trials aimed at developing a path to regulatory approval.

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Follow the Money: $100M to DNAnexus, Investments in Machine-Learning for Drug Discovery, More - Bio-IT World

Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market 2019 | How The Industry Will Witness Substantial Growth In The Upcoming Years | Exclusive Report By…

The global Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers market report provides geographic analysis covering regions, such as North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Rest of the World. The Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers market for each region is further segmented for major countries including the U.S., Canada, Germany, the U.K., France, Italy, China, India, Japan, Brazil, South Africa, and others.

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Automatic biochemistry analyzer (FABCA) could be a high-performance micro-controller based mostly measurement organic chemistry instrument used to live varied blood organic chemistry parameters like glucose, urea, protein, and bilirubin etc. that are related to varied disorders like diabetes, kidney diseases, liver malfunctions and alternative metabolic derangements. The global Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers market is segregated on the basis of Type as Semi-automated and Fully-automated. Based on End-User the global Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers market is segmented in Hospitals, Clinics, and Others.

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Siemens Healthcare, Abbott, Hitachi, Mindray Medical, GaomiCaihong, Horiba Medical, Sunostik, Tecom Science, Sysmex, Senlo, and others are among the major players in the global Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers market. The companies are involved in several growth and expansion strategies to gain a competitive advantage. Industry participants also follow value chain integration with business operations in multiple stages of the value chain.

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Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market, By Type

Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market, By End-User

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Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market, By Company

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The report scope includes detailed competitive outlook covering market shares and profiles key participants in the global Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers market share. Major industry players with significant revenue share include Siemens Healthcare, Abbott, Hitachi, Mindray Medical, GaomiCaihong, Horiba Medical, Sunostik, Tecom Science, Sysmex, Senlo, and others.

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4.1 Introduction4.2.1 Drivers4.2.2 Restraints4.2.3 Opportunities4.2.4 Challenges4.2 Porters Five Force Analysis

8.Competitive Insights

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Bench-top Automated Biochemical Analyzers Market 2019 | How The Industry Will Witness Substantial Growth In The Upcoming Years | Exclusive Report By...

Medical Tartaric Acid Market Size, Share, Trends and Forecast by Major Players and Business Opportunities 2020-2026 | Giovanni Randi SPA Randi Group,…

LOS ANGELES, United States:

The global Medical Tartaric Acid market has been garnering remarkable momentum in the recent years. The steadily escalating demand due to improving purchasing power is projected to bode well for the global market. QY Researchs latest publication, titled global Medical Tartaric Acid market, offers an insightful take on the drivers and restraints present in the market. It assesses the historical data pertaining to the global Medical Tartaric Acid market and compares it to the current market trends to give the readers a detailed analysis of the trajectory of the market.

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The research report covers the trends that are currently implemented by the major manufacturers in the Medical Tartaric Acid market including adoption of new technology, government investments on R&D, shifting in perspective towards sustainability, and others. Additionally, the researchers have also provided the figures necessary to understand the manufacturer and its contribution to both regional and global market:

Key Players:

Giovanni Randi S.P.A. Randi Group,Boehringer-Ingelheim,Hangzhou Bao Jing Biochemical Co., LTD,Chang Mao Biochemistry Engineering Co., LTD,SYNFINE,CARBOMER,Wonda Science,CAMBREX,Labseeker Inc,GARAN S.K,AlliChem, LLC

Due to the pandemic, we have included a special section on the Impact of COVID 19 on the Medical Tartaric Acid Market which would mention How the Covid-19 is Affecting the Medical Tartaric Acid Industry, Market Trends and Potential Opportunities in the COVID-19 Landscape, Covid-19 Impact on Key Regions and Proposal for Medical Tartaric Acid Players to Combat Covid-19 Impact.

The research report is broken down into chapters, which are introduced by the executive summary. Its the introductory part of the chapter, which includes details about global market figures, both historical and estimates. The executive summary also provides a brief about the segments and the reasons for the progress or decline during the forecast period. The insightful research report on the global Medical Tartaric Acid market includes Porters five forces analysis and SWOT analysis to understand the factors impacting consumer and supplier behavior.

Market Segments Covered:

Global Medical Tartaric Acid Market Segmentation by Product:Organic SynthesisArtificially Synthesized

Global Medical Tartaric Acid Market Segmentation by Application:Drug Industrial Raw MaterialsChiral CatalystSynthesis of Complex Natural Product MoleculesAntioxidantDeoxidant

Regions Covered in the Global Medical Tartaric Acid Market:

The Middle East and Africa (GCC Countries and Egypt) North America (the United States, Mexico, and Canada) South America (Brazil etc.) Europe (Turkey, Germany, Russia UK, Italy, France, etc.) Asia-Pacific (Vietnam, China, Malaysia, Japan, Philippines, Korea, Thailand, India, Indonesia, and Australia)

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What will be the size of the global Medical Tartaric Acid market in 2025? What is the current CAGR of the global Medical Tartaric Acid market? Which product is expected to show the highest market growth? Which application is projected to gain a lions share of the global Medical Tartaric Acid market? Which region is foretold to create the most number of opportunities in the global Medical Tartaric Acid market? Will there be any changes in market competition during the forecast period? Which are the top players currently operating in the global Medical Tartaric Acid market? How will the market situation change in the coming years? What are the common business tactics adopted by players? What is the growth outlook of the global Medical Tartaric Acid market?

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The report segments the global Medical Tartaric Acid market on the basis of application, type, service, technology, and region. Each chapter under this segmentation allows readers to grasp the nitty-gritties of the market. A magnified look at the segment-based analysis is aimed at giving the readers a closer look at the opportunities and threats in the market. It also address political scenarios that are expected to impact the market in both small and big ways.The report on the global Medical Tartaric Acid market examines changing regulatory scenario to make accurate projections about potential investments. It also evaluates the risk for new entrants and the intensity of the competitive rivalry.

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Strategic Points Covered in TOC:

1 Study Coverage1.1 Medical Tartaric Acid Product Introduction1.2 Key Market Segments in This Study1.3 Key Manufacturers Covered: Ranking of Global Top Medical Tartaric Acid Manufacturers by Revenue in 20191.4 Market by Type1.4.1 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Market Size Growth Rate by Type1.4.2 Organic Synthesis1.4.3 Artificially Synthesized1.5 Market by Application1.5.1 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Market Size Growth Rate by Application1.5.2 Drug Industrial Raw Materials1.5.3 Chiral Catalyst1.5.4 Synthesis of Complex Natural Product Molecules1.5.5 Antioxidant1.5.6 Deoxidant1.6 Study Objectives1.7 Years Considered

2 Executive Summary2.1 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Market Size, Estimates and Forecasts2.1.1 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Revenue Estimates and Forecasts 2015-20262.1.2 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Production Capacity Estimates and Forecasts 2015-20262.1.3 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Production Estimates and Forecasts 2015-20262.2 Global Medical Tartaric Acid, Market Size by Producing Regions: 2015 VS 2020 VS 20262.3 Analysis of Competitive Landscape2.3.1 Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)2.3.2 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3)2.3.3 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Manufacturers Geographical Distribution2.4 Key Trends for Medical Tartaric Acid Markets & Products2.5 Primary Interviews with Key Medical Tartaric Acid Players (Opinion Leaders)

3 Market Size by Manufacturers3.1 Global Top Medical Tartaric Acid Manufacturers by Production Capacity3.1.1 Global Top Medical Tartaric Acid Manufacturers by Production Capacity (2015-2020)3.1.2 Global Top Medical Tartaric Acid Manufacturers by Production (2015-2020)3.1.3 Global Top Medical Tartaric Acid Manufacturers Market Share by Production3.2 Global Top Medical Tartaric Acid Manufacturers by Revenue3.2.1 Global Top Medical Tartaric Acid Manufacturers by Revenue (2015-2020)3.2.2 Global Top Medical Tartaric Acid Manufacturers Market Share by Revenue (2015-2020)3.2.3 Global Top 10 and Top 5 Companies by Medical Tartaric Acid Revenue in 20193.3 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Price by Manufacturers3.4 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans

4 Medical Tartaric Acid Production by Regions4.1 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Historic Market Facts & Figures by Regions4.1.1 Global Top Medical Tartaric Acid Regions by Production (2015-2020)4.1.2 Global Top Medical Tartaric Acid Regions by Revenue (2015-2020)4.2 North America4.2.1 North America Medical Tartaric Acid Production (2015-2020)4.2.2 North America Medical Tartaric Acid Revenue (2015-2020)4.2.3 Key Players in North America4.2.4 North America Medical Tartaric Acid Import & Export (2015-2020)4.3 Europe4.3.1 Europe Medical Tartaric Acid Production (2015-2020)4.3.2 Europe Medical Tartaric Acid Revenue (2015-2020)4.3.3 Key Players in Europe4.3.4 Europe Medical Tartaric Acid Import & Export (2015-2020)4.4 China4.4.1 China Medical Tartaric Acid Production (2015-2020)4.4.2 China Medical Tartaric Acid Revenue (2015-2020)4.4.3 Key Players in China4.4.4 China Medical Tartaric Acid Import & Export (2015-2020)4.5 Japan4.5.1 Japan Medical Tartaric Acid Production (2015-2020)4.5.2 Japan Medical Tartaric Acid Revenue (2015-2020)4.5.3 Key Players in Japan4.5.4 Japan Medical Tartaric Acid Import & Export (2015-2020)

5 Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption by Region5.1 Global Top Medical Tartaric Acid Regions by Consumption5.1.1 Global Top Medical Tartaric Acid Regions by Consumption (2015-2020)5.1.2 Global Top Medical Tartaric Acid Regions Market Share by Consumption (2015-2020)5.2 North America5.2.1 North America Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption by Application5.2.2 North America Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption by Countries5.2.3 U.S.5.2.4 Canada5.3 Europe5.3.1 Europe Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption by Application5.3.2 Europe Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption by Countries5.3.3 Germany5.3.4 France5.3.5 U.K.5.3.6 Italy5.3.7 Russia5.4 Asia Pacific5.4.1 Asia Pacific Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption by Application5.4.2 Asia Pacific Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption by Regions5.4.3 China5.4.4 Japan5.4.5 South Korea5.4.6 India5.4.7 Australia5.4.8 Taiwan5.4.9 Indonesia5.4.10 Thailand5.4.11 Malaysia5.4.12 Philippines5.4.13 Vietnam5.5 Central & South America5.5.1 Central & South America Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption by Application5.5.2 Central & South America Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption by Country5.5.3 Mexico5.5.3 Brazil5.5.3 Argentina5.6 Middle East and Africa5.6.1 Middle East and Africa Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption by Application5.6.2 Middle East and Africa Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption by Countries5.6.3 Turkey5.6.4 Saudi Arabia5.6.5 U.A.E

6 Market Size by Type (2015-2026)6.1 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Market Size by Type (2015-2020)6.1.1 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Production by Type (2015-2020)6.1.2 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Revenue by Type (2015-2020)6.1.3 Medical Tartaric Acid Price by Type (2015-2020)6.2 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Market Forecast by Type (2021-2026)6.2.1 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Production Forecast by Type (2021-2026)6.2.2 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Revenue Forecast by Type (2021-2026)6.2.3 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Price Forecast by Type (2021-2026)6.3 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Market Share by Price Tier (2015-2020): Low-End, Mid-Range and High-End

7 Market Size by Application (2015-2026)7.2.1 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption Historic Breakdown by Application (2015-2020)7.2.2 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption Forecast by Application (2021-2026)

8 Corporate Profiles8.1 Giovanni Randi S.P.A. Randi Group8.1.1 Giovanni Randi S.P.A. Randi Group Corporation Information8.1.2 Giovanni Randi S.P.A. Randi Group Overview8.1.3 Giovanni Randi S.P.A. Randi Group Production Capacity and Supply, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)8.1.4 Giovanni Randi S.P.A. Randi Group Product Description8.1.5 Giovanni Randi S.P.A. Randi Group Related Developments8.2 Boehringer-Ingelheim8.2.1 Boehringer-Ingelheim Corporation Information8.2.2 Boehringer-Ingelheim Overview8.2.3 Boehringer-Ingelheim Production Capacity and Supply, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)8.2.4 Boehringer-Ingelheim Product Description8.2.5 Boehringer-Ingelheim Related Developments8.3 Hangzhou Bao Jing Biochemical Co., LTD8.3.1 Hangzhou Bao Jing Biochemical Co., LTD Corporation Information8.3.2 Hangzhou Bao Jing Biochemical Co., LTD Overview8.3.3 Hangzhou Bao Jing Biochemical Co., LTD Production Capacity and Supply, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)8.3.4 Hangzhou Bao Jing Biochemical Co., LTD Product Description8.3.5 Hangzhou Bao Jing Biochemical Co., LTD Related Developments8.4 Chang Mao Biochemistry Engineering Co., LTD8.4.1 Chang Mao Biochemistry Engineering Co., LTD Corporation Information8.4.2 Chang Mao Biochemistry Engineering Co., LTD Overview8.4.3 Chang Mao Biochemistry Engineering Co., LTD Production Capacity and Supply, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)8.4.4 Chang Mao Biochemistry Engineering Co., LTD Product Description8.4.5 Chang Mao Biochemistry Engineering Co., LTD Related Developments8.5 SYNFINE8.5.1 SYNFINE Corporation Information8.5.2 SYNFINE Overview8.5.3 SYNFINE Production Capacity and Supply, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)8.5.4 SYNFINE Product Description8.5.5 SYNFINE Related Developments8.6 CARBOMER8.6.1 CARBOMER Corporation Information8.6.2 CARBOMER Overview8.6.3 CARBOMER Production Capacity and Supply, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)8.6.4 CARBOMER Product Description8.6.5 CARBOMER Related Developments8.7 Wonda Science8.7.1 Wonda Science Corporation Information8.7.2 Wonda Science Overview8.7.3 Wonda Science Production Capacity and Supply, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)8.7.4 Wonda Science Product Description8.7.5 Wonda Science Related Developments8.8 CAMBREX8.8.1 CAMBREX Corporation Information8.8.2 CAMBREX Overview8.8.3 CAMBREX Production Capacity and Supply, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)8.8.4 CAMBREX Product Description8.8.5 CAMBREX Related Developments8.9 Labseeker Inc8.9.1 Labseeker Inc Corporation Information8.9.2 Labseeker Inc Overview8.9.3 Labseeker Inc Production Capacity and Supply, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)8.9.4 Labseeker Inc Product Description8.9.5 Labseeker Inc Related Developments8.10 GARAN S.K8.10.1 GARAN S.K Corporation Information8.10.2 GARAN S.K Overview8.10.3 GARAN S.K Production Capacity and Supply, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)8.10.4 GARAN S.K Product Description8.10.5 GARAN S.K Related Developments8.11 AlliChem, LLC8.11.1 AlliChem, LLC Corporation Information8.11.2 AlliChem, LLC Overview8.11.3 AlliChem, LLC Production Capacity and Supply, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)8.11.4 AlliChem, LLC Product Description8.11.5 AlliChem, LLC Related Developments

9 Medical Tartaric Acid Production Forecast by Regions9.1 Global Top Medical Tartaric Acid Regions Forecast by Revenue (2021-2026)9.2 Global Top Medical Tartaric Acid Regions Forecast by Production (2021-2026)9.3 Key Medical Tartaric Acid Production Regions Forecast9.3.1 North America9.3.2 Europe9.3.3 China9.3.4 Japan

10 Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption Forecast by Region10.1 Global Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption Forecast by Region (2021-2026)10.2 North America Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption Forecast by Region (2021-2026)10.3 Europe Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption Forecast by Region (2021-2026)10.4 Asia Pacific Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption Forecast by Region (2021-2026)10.5 Latin America Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption Forecast by Region (2021-2026)10.6 Middle East and Africa Medical Tartaric Acid Consumption Forecast by Region (2021-2026)

11 Value Chain and Sales Channels Analysis11.1 Value Chain Analysis11.2 Sales Channels Analysis11.2.1 Medical Tartaric Acid Sales Channels11.2.2 Medical Tartaric Acid Distributors11.3 Medical Tartaric Acid Customers

12 Market Opportunities & Challenges, Risks and Influences Factors Analysis12.1 Medical Tartaric Acid Industry12.2 Market Trends12.3 Market Opportunities and Drivers12.4 Market Challenges12.5 Medical Tartaric Acid Market Risks/Restraints12.6 Porters Five Forces Analysis13 Key Finding in The Global Medical Tartaric Acid Study14 Appendix14.1 Research Methodology14.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach14.1.2 Data Source14.2 Author Details14.3 Disclaimer

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Medical Tartaric Acid Market Size, Share, Trends and Forecast by Major Players and Business Opportunities 2020-2026 | Giovanni Randi SPA Randi Group,...

Royalty Pharma Appoints Bonnie Bassler, PhD to the Company’s Board of Directors – GlobeNewswire

NEW YORK, June 16, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Royalty Pharma today announced the appointment of Dr. Bonnie L. Bassler, PhD to the company's Board of Directors, effective immediately. Dr. Bassler is an accomplished scientist and has served as Chair of the Department of Molecular Biology at Princeton University since 2013.

As Royalty Pharma begins the next phase of its development as a public company, we are delighted to strengthen our Board with the appointment of Dr. Bassler," said Pablo Legorreta, Founder and CEO of Royalty Pharma. Bonnie brings a valuable combination of deep expertise in molecular biology and Board-level experience across academia and the biopharma industry. We look forward to benefiting from her extensive experience and scientific acumen as we advance our strategy as a leading funder of innovation in the biopharma ecosystem," Legorreta added.

Dr. Bassler holds a BS in Biochemistry from the University of California-Davis and a PhD in Biochemistry from the Johns Hopkins University. In addition to her longstanding leadership roles at Princeton University, Dr. Bassler is serving or has served on the boards of several biopharmaceutical companies, including Sanofi, Kaleido Biosciences and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, and as a Trustee of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. Dr. Bassler has also served as a Board member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and as a member of the National Science Board.

About Royalty PharmaFounded in 1996, Royalty Pharma is a leading funder of innovation across the biopharmaceutical industry, collaborating with innovators from academic institutions, research hospitals and not-for-profits through small and mid-cap biotechnology companies to leading global pharmaceutical companies. Royalty Pharma has assembled a portfolio of royalties which entitles it to payments based directly on the top-line sales of many of the industrys leading therapies. Royalty Pharma funds innovation in the biopharmaceutical industry both directly and indirectly - directly when it partners with companies to co-fund late-stage clinical trials and new product launches in exchange for future royalties, and indirectly when it acquires existing royalties from the original innovators. Royalty Pharmas current portfolio includes royalties on more than 45 commercial products, including AbbVie and J&Js Imbruvica, Astellas and Pfizers Xtandi, Biogens Tysabri, Gileads HIV franchise, Mercks Januvia, Novartis Promacta, and Vertexs Kalydeco, Symdeko and Trikafta, and four development-stage product candidates. For more information, visit http://www.royaltypharma.com

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Royalty Pharma Appoints Bonnie Bassler, PhD to the Company's Board of Directors - GlobeNewswire

Student-faculty Research Team Assessing Early Markers and Dietary Treatment of Liver Cancer – Bethel University News

We cant really take vacations. The cells need to be taken care of. Its like having a dog, Korbyn Dahlquist 20 explained with only a hint of sarcasm last summer. At the time, the biochemistry and chemistry double major and Associate Professor of Chemistry Angela Stoeckman were embarking on a year-long Edgren Scholarship-funded research project focused on understanding the dietary influence on markers of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.

To achieve that, the team has been treating liver cancer cellsH4IIE, which can be bought online through distributorswith control substances or a saturated fatty acid called palmitate. The hope is to determine when cells are going through apoptosisdying because of the presence of extra lipidsand if theyre secreting an anti- or pro-inflammatory response in the form of cytokines. Thats like a chemical call for help that could flag the presence of further injury through a simple blood test.

To create the ideal setting for this type of work on fussy mammalian cell cultures, the team has created an intricate and incredibly hands-on process of sterilizing a biosafety cabinet with UV rays before growing cultures in optimal conditions over several days. Then they have to time their assays perfectly with the death of the cells to get the data they need.

They stain the apoptotic cells with fluorescent markers and run them through a flow cytometer. A million cells can be run through the machine at once, and it quantifies the amount of lipids present in specific populations, within a split second.

If people with the cancer have high levels of a certain cytokine, theres morbidity in the disease, Stoeckman explains. If person A is secreting, and B is not, perhaps A is more likely to die from their cancer. What Korbyn is noticing is that if these cancer cells are seeing palmitate, a saturated fatty acid, thats inducing them to secrete more cytokines, which is responsible for high morbidity. And maybe we can keep cytokines under control simply by recommending a certain diet!

NAFLD is a condition that impacts an estimated one in three Americans, and it can progress into hepatocellular carcinoma, the fastest-growing type of liver cancer globally. Its responsible for the third highest number of cancer deaths, so detecting NAFLD early could mean saving lives in the long term. Currently, it can only be identified by biopsy, which is both invasive and expensive.

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Student-faculty Research Team Assessing Early Markers and Dietary Treatment of Liver Cancer - Bethel University News

UK Startup Bags 37M to Remove Cell Therapy Manufacturing… – Labiotech.eu

UK biotech startup Bit Bio has received 36.9M in Series A funding to boost the manufacturing efficiency of human cells for use in cell therapy and drug discovery.

The impressive deal brings Bit Bios total funding to 44.4M since it was spun off from the University of Cambridge in 2016. Its the second-largest Series A round raised by a European biotech startup so far this year, just after a 55M round raised by the Dutch neurology company Prilenia Therapeutics earlier this month.

Richard Klausner, an individual investor who previously founded US companies Lyell Immunopharma, Juno, and Grail, led the round. Other contributors included the Chicago-based ARCH Venture Partners; the San Francisco healthcare investment firm Foresite Capital; and the German early-stage investor Blueyard Capital.

Human cell lines are essential for the development of drugs and cell therapies. But specialized human cells such as neurons and muscle cells are difficult to source from tissue samples in bulk. One way around this problem is to source more easily obtainable types of human cells from tissue samples, reprogram them into stem cells, and then transform them into the desired cell type. However, existing methods tend to use viral vectors to engineer the stem cells, an approach that produces a low yield of the desired cell type.

Today, the limitations of traditional stem cell biology have become obvious. The protocols for deriving cells using classical methods too often lack consistency and scalability, Bit Bio founder and CEO, Mark Kotter, told me.

Bit Bios approach is to screen large cell biology datasets for cocktails of proteins called transcription factors that are needed to turn stem cells into the desired cell type. The company then genetically engineers the stem cells so that they switch on this cocktail when given the antibiotic doxycycline. This way, the stem cells can be transformed more precisely and efficiently than with viral vectors.

If one considers the transcription factor combinations that determine a cellular identity as a program, then [our technology] is the enter button to the operating system of life that enables faithful execution of any genetic program, said Kotter.

So far, the team has successfully reprogrammed human stem cells into a range of specialized cells such as neurons and muscle cells. If developed at a commercial scale, the technology could reduce the limits on human cell manufacture that is currently holding back the production of cell therapies and drug discovery tools.

Bio Bit will use the latest Series A funding to take its technology to the industrial scale. Once this is established, the company expects to apply its technology to the development of cell therapies.

Another Cambridge-based biotech company working to optimize the production of human cells is Mogrify, which turns cells from adult tissue samples into other mature cells, except without the step of turning them into stem cells first. This could make the process even cheaper and more scalable than technology using stem cell stages.

Manuela Callari is a freelance science and medical writer from Sydney, Australia. She has a Ph.D. in Medical Science, a Bachelors, and a Masters degree in Material Science. She used to wear a lab coat, now she writes about science, technology, environmental science, health, and medicine.

Image from Shutterstock

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UK Startup Bags 37M to Remove Cell Therapy Manufacturing... - Labiotech.eu

Global Cell Biology Cloud Computing Market 2020 by Product Types, Method, Application, End Users, Region, Industry Analysis, Recent Trend and Forecast…

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Global Cell Biology Cloud Computing Market 2020 by Product Types, Method, Application, End Users, Region, Industry Analysis, Recent Trend and Forecast...

Duke spinout CasTag BioSciences builds a better protein trap with boost from NCBiotech – WRAL Tech Wire

(Editors note: This article about a breakthrough technology bootstrapped with a loan from NCBiotech originally appeared Friday, June 12, in the Duke University Medical School online publicationMagnify. Used with permission.)

DURHAMLife scientists love antibodies, not only because these little proteins help protect us all from pathogens, but because antibodies are also a very handy laboratory tool for identifying and marking proteins of interest in their research.

When youre trying to find something very tiny, you need an itty bitty flag to mark it. Thats an antibody.

Like most life science researchers, Duke cell biology chairScott Soderlinghas been reliant on custom antibodies, molecules made-to-order by hundreds of different supply labs that help scientists find and mark specific proteins in cell cultures and living organisms.

But theres a problem, he explains in the small conference room adjacent to his Nanaline Duke office. Fifty percent of the antibodies on the market are junk. Theyre not specific. They might bind what you think they bind, but then they bind to other things you dont know about, or they dont even bind what you want to bind to at all.

Worse than that, one batch of bespoke antibodies may not be the same as the last one. Say you have a perfect antibody that binds exactly what you want and nothing else. And then you order the next lot and theres a different preparation from a different animal, and youre back to square one. It doesnt work.

Scott Soderling. Les Todd photo

Its thought that these bad antibodies lead to a large fraction of the irreproducible results, Soderling says. So it costs money, it costs time and it costs credibility. This is a huge problem for science, both academic and industry. In part, the problem stems from the fact that custom antibody manufacturing techniques date to the 1970s, he says.

But Soderling has founded a Duke spinout company he hopes will solve the reliability problem.CasTag BioSciencesis based on a technology developed in his lab that marks proteins of interest in an entirely new way, using the genome-editing tool CRISPR.

One major thrust of Soderlings research has been identifying proteins in the synapses of the brain, the tiny gaps between nerve cells where signals are transmitted and received. All that signaling is regulated by specific proteins. But identifying all of those proteins in the synapse and interpreting what theyre saying to the cell is a huge problem in a very tiny space. Antibodies are a key tool, but the work has been frustrating and slow, in part because of the difficulty of working with custom antibodies.

About three years ago, as news of the new gene-editing technology called CRISPR spread, Soderling and his team wanted to see if it might give them a better way to label and visualize the hundreds and even thousands of proteins they were detecting in the tiny synapse between neurons.

We had this idea that CRISPR could be a really amazing tool to address the pressing problem of trying to identify and label these hundreds of proteins, Soderling says. What we developed was a new modular method for basically taking the labeling problem and flipping it on its head.

Theyre using CRISPR to edit short sequences into a gene so that every protein it produces carries a tag they have created that is detected by a known, reliable and well-characterized antibody, rather than a shot-in-the-dark custom antibody.

Based on CRISPR gene editing technology, Homology-independentUniversal Genome Engineering, or HiUGE, uses adeno-associatedvirusesto deliver multiple plug and play gene sequencesto a varietyof cellsin a lab dish or a living organism. (The colored neurons in thisimage are in a mouse brain.)

These antibodies recognize a small segment of amino acid sequences, Soderling explains. So we just take the DNA encoding those amino acids the handle and we plop that handle right into the gene in vivo, or in the cell, Soderling says.

After the proof-of-concept experiments produced beautiful protein labeling in the mouse brain, Soderling looked at the images and said, Okay its huge.

Indeed, they dubbed their new system HiUGE (homology-independent universal genome engineering), and it might just be huge indeed.

Theyve taken to calling it plug and play biology, because with just a few of their tags, they can address hundreds of unknown proteins, and they can even put multiple tags into a gene at the same time. Soderling says the system is modular and easy to use, which will enable semi-automated, high-throughput approaches to labeling proteins.

By way of analogy, think of a delivery truck driver going slowly down the block after dark in a downpour looking for house number 2345. What Soderling and his team have done is put a bright sign on every house numbered 2345 that says Hey UPS! Over here!

The HiUGE system is delivered to living cells, either in a dish or in an organism, by a pair of adeno-associated viruses working as a team. One virus carries guide RNA which will mark the spot at which CRISPR should cut the DNA and insert a new piece of code. The second adeno-associated virus carries the payload, a tag or tags theyve devised that will now be built into every protein that gene subsequently produces.

The vectors, including a synthetic guide RNA and HiUGE tags, are agnostic, or homology-independent, as the name implies. They dont care what gene is around them. We designed this guide RNA so that it specifically doesnt recognize anything in the mouse, human, monkey, cat or donkey genomes, Soderling says.

Its a clever way to explore the unknown.

Not only does this approach advance their own work, Soderling began to realize that a fast, flexible, more accurate way to tag proteins might also be a business opportunity. With a little research, he figured out that custom antibodies are a $2.4 billion market again, with products that only work as advertised half the time.

He reached out to Dukes Office of Licensing and Ventures (OLV) to begin the patenting process and to get some advice on starting a company. Then I had to find a way to run the business, because I already have a great day job. In fact, he had also just been named chair of cell biology at about the same time.

At OLVs recommendation, Soderling visited Biolabs North Carolina, a shared workspace in the Chesterfield Building in downtown Durham which leases individual wet-lab benches on a month-to-month basis and provides all the basic equipment a startup would need, including refrigeration, gene-copying PCR machines, centrifuges, etc. He pitched his idea to Biolabs and had a look around.

The next day, BioLabs NC president Ed Field called Soderling and asked if hed like some help running the business. Field, a startup veteran, is now the CEO of CasTag. The firm has raised enough money with a loan from the North Carolina Biotechnology Center to hire a recent Fuqua Business School graduate as the business development lead and a former postdoc for Soderling to run the lab part-time while he looks for a job in industry.

Weve got a website. Weve got orders. Weve got customers. Its up and running, Soderling says, with a measure of wonder in his voice. His conference talks about HiUGE and a July 1, 2019 paper in Neuron attracted some attention. Then the paper was republished as one of the journals best of 2018-2019, drawing still more notice.

And now they also have ideas for new products. Im hoping that this will expand and become even bigger than just tagging proteins, Soderling says.

You know, North Carolina was a manufacturing state back in the day, says Soderling, a soft-spoken native Tennessean. I would love to wake up some day and drive into downtown Durham and see one of the former manufacturing warehouses humming away with people making these reagents to ship out around the world. Thats the dream.

Durham academic research services companyResearch Squarehas producedthis 3 1/2-minute Vimeo videoexplaining the CasTag BioSciences technology.

(c) North Carolina Biotechnology Center

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Insitro’ s Daphne Koller on AI and drug discovery – Fast Company

Daphne Koller is best known as the cofounder of Coursera, the open database for online learning that launched in 2012. But before her work on Coursera, she was doing something much different. In 2000, Koller started working on applying machine learning to biomedical data sets to understand gene activity across cancer types. She put that work on hold to nurture Coursera, which took many more years than she initially thought it would. She didnt return to biology until 2016 when she joined Alphabets life science research and development arm Calico.

Daphne Koller [Photo: couretsy of Insitro]Two years later, Koller started Insitro, a drug discovery and development company that combines biology with machine learning. Im actually coming back to this space, she says.

Theres a lot of hope that artificial intelligence could help speed up the time it takes to make a drug and also increase the rate of success. Several startups have emerged to capitalize on this opportunity. But Insitro is a bit different from some of these other companies, which rely more heavily on machine learning than biology

By contrast, Insitro has taken the time to build a cutting-edge laboratory, an expensive and time-consuming project. Still, having equal competency in lab-based science and computer science may prove to be the winning ticket. Though only two years old, Insitro has already caught the attention of old-guard pharmaceutical companies. Last year, the company struck a deal with pharmaceutical giant Gilead to develop tools and hopefully new drug targets to help stop the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NASH). The partnership netted Insitro $15 million with the potential to earn up to $200 million for each drug target.

I spokewith Koller to discuss what her company is doing differently and where machine learning may ultimately make a difference in drug development and discovery. This interview has been edited for publication.

Fast Company: What youre doing is different than most artificial intelligence drug companies, which are using the existing knowledge base of articles and published studies to come up with drug targets. Instead, youve developed a drug company that uses artificial intelligence but also has a full lab for biologists. Why did you take this approach?

Daphne Koller: The other model is a much easier startup effort in the sense that theres all this data out there and you can go and collect it. You can do it with a team of purely data-science folks. You dont need to build up a wet lab, you just go and collect all those data and you put them in a big pile, and then you let your machine learning people have at it.

What were doing is much more complicated and ambitious on a number of different dimensions. One is that we really did need to build up a high-throughput biology lab, which is beyond the frontier on multiple levels. That requires a much more expensive build. It also requires building up a team thats really not been built before, which is taking some people who are at the cutting edge of their field, on the biology side, and putting them together in a single integrated team with some people who are at the cutting edge of machine learning and data science, and really telling them, you speak different languages, but youre going to work together as a single team. And I think thats really a very challenging cultural effort that most companies havent been willing or able to pursue.

FC: Why do that? Whats the benefit of having a drug company that gives biologists and data scientists and machine-learning experts equal standing?

DK: When you look at the drug discovery processwhich, if youre lucky, is 15 years end-to-end with a 5% chance of successthere are multiple forks in the road where currently people are making decisions. Do I go down path A or B or C or D? And if youre lucky, one path in 99 will lead you to success. If you go down the wrong one, then its years and tens of millions of dollars in wasted spend. So what if we could make better predictions on which fork to take?

Part of the problem biopharma has had is that its really difficult to fail fast.

What we hope to be able to do, because were building these predictive models, is to be able to make the decisions faster.

The other piece is that machine learning has become pretty good at making accurate predictions across a broad spectrum of domains. Its not been as effectively applied so far in life sciences broadly, and one of the main reasons for that is just the lack of high-quality data that we have [compared to] computer vision or natural language processing or logistics. At the same time, the bioengineering cell biology community has invented in the past few years a remarkable suite of tools that can really be put together in unique and interesting ways to generate massive amounts of data that can help feed those machine-learning algorithms.

If you put those two together, the high-throughput biology piece and the machine-learning piece, perhaps that provides a way in which we could build these predictive models that make better predictions in pharma research and development.

FC: What is the biggest reasons that drugs fail?

DK: We know from the statistics that most drugs [that go into trials] fail because of lack of efficacy in phase two or phase three. And its not because the drug wasnt good. It was targeting the wrong target. Where the machine learning comes in is to look holistically at many, many different attributes of those cells and say which of them are the most predictive of human clinical outcome. And that is something that people are really not that good at, because cells are complex and theres many dimensions to putting all those pieces together to detect what oftentimes is a subtle signal. Its not something that people excel in.

FC: So once you set up these apps, how can you use them?

DK: You can use those apps in a variety of ways. First of all, you could use them to identify targets by basically saying, Hey, now we know what a sick cell looks like. Now we know what a healthy cell looks like. What if I [use] CRISPR to perturb the cell to move from an active to an inactive state or vice versa? Well, if you do that, and the phenotype goes from an unhealthy to a healthy state, maybe that gene is a good target for a drug.

People think that Alzheimers is one diseasealmost certainly, thats not true.

People think that Alzheimers is one diseasealmost certainly, thats not true. People think that type two diabetes is one diseasealso probably not true. For these diseases, we havent yet identified subtypes. We believe that by collecting enough data on enough different genetics at the molecular level, maybe those subtypes will emerge.

FC:Do you have any insight around the role that machine learning can play in helping come up with either a treatment or a vaccine for COVID-19?

DK: I think that there are opportunities. Right now, [the larger health care community is] looking at vaccine approaches that different companies have developed, and were putting them in with a bunch of viral protein and hoping for the best. To predict vaccine efficacythe techniques just dont exist, and theres not going to be enough time to develop them. But I do think that theres some interesting work thats happening on the therapeutic side, where theres been more work on the application of machine learning to everything from the interpretation of cellular [gene expression]. There is potential for designing new drugs, new drug combinations, and even just interpretation of the cellular state.

FC: Youre working with Gilead on better understanding nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NASH). Whats difficult about NASH is that it can only be diagnosed and monitored through liver biopsy, which is brutal for the patient. Youve said that youve had some success with machine-learning apps being able to detect aspects of the disease that a human cannot otherwise detect, which holds a lot of promise for changing even just the way doctors track the disease in individuals. Im curious what are other areas of human health are interesting to you?

DK: We feel like neuroscience is an area thats about to burst wide open in finally understanding the very complex genetics of Central Nervous System diseases. The unmet need is huge, and the animal models are particularly untranslatable. So for some diseases you could say, Well, the animal model is not great, but its acceptable. The animal model for depressionand this is going to sound surreal, but Im telling you, its not its to take a mouse and you put in a bucket with water and you make it swim until it gets really tired and drowns. And if its swims longer, its less depressed.Its called the forced swim test.

Now, the thing is, if you look at depression, it is a disease with significant genetic heritability where we know that theres hundreds of genes that are implicated with very specific pathways, and stuff that is all now starting to emerge from the genetics and single cell analysis of brain tissue. None of that has anything to do with making a mouse swim longer. We think that in things like neuro-degeneration and neuropsychiatry theres a tremendous opportunity for a different set of tools to be applied. I guarantee you, they will not be perfect models of the disease. But they cant be that much worse than making a mouse swim longer. Right?

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Insitro' s Daphne Koller on AI and drug discovery - Fast Company

Re-thinking excellence in research – RSC signs DORA – Royal Society of Chemistry

At the core of DORAs principles is the need to reduce reliance on the journal impact factor as a promotional tool and we now make a firm commitment to do just that. Our next steps are to decide upon a suite of metrics and measures, describing journal and research impact in a way that is appropriate for our portfolio of journals and most importantly is meaningful for our community.

DORA was developed in 2012 during the Annual Meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology in San Francisco. Its principles highlight a need to assess research on its own merits and to use opportunities provided by online publication, such as unconstrained page length, in addition to adopting new indicators of significance and impact.

In our capacity as a publisher, we partner with Altmetrics to provide a range of article-level metrics, for example citations and social media mentions, and we provide unrestricted access to citation metadata as a participant in the Initiative for Open Citations (I4OC).

In signing DORA we are now committing to review any reference list constraints in research articles, and we will explicitly encourage authors to cite original work rather than review articles to promote credit where it is due. Some of our journals already encourage author contribution statements this policy will be expanded to the whole portfolio.

And as a professional body, our recent work on prizes and awards, inclusion and diversity and our positions on research culture and open-access science also reflect DORAs case for rethinking assessment of scientific output.

Dr Pain said: It is very important to recognise that behind every paper or top professor is a team, and behind every team is a history of inspiring teachers, mentors and collaborators.

This is why our recent report Re-thinking Recognition presented our plan to champion skilled teams as well as individuals, celebrate the diversity of our community, acknowledge the opportunity-creators who go above and beyond their routine work, and reward those dedicated to solving global challenges.

Another RSC report, Breaking the Barriers, raised concerns around the issue of narrow definitions of excellence which are often related to having publications in high IF journals disproportionately affecting women.

Similarly, our 2019 report Is publishing in the chemical sciences gender biased? found that women are less likely than men to submit to journals with higher impact factors, and they are also more likely to have an article rejected without review.

DORA program director Dr Anna Hatch said: We welcome the commitment made by the Royal Society of Chemistry to promote responsible research assessment practices. The support and action of the entire academic community is needed to improve the ways that researchers are evaluated for hiring, promotion, and funding decisions.

Read more about DORA principles and its Ideas for Action

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Re-thinking excellence in research - RSC signs DORA - Royal Society of Chemistry