Monthly Archives: December 2023

Neuroscience

Tinnitus Linked to Auditory Nerve Loss – Neuroscience News

Summary: A new study reveals that tinnitus, a common auditory issue characterized by ringing in the ears, is associated with undetected auditory nerve loss. This finding challenges the traditional understanding that tinnitus is solely a result of brain maladaptation to hearing loss.

The study shows that individuals with normal hearing tests but experiencing tinnitus actually suffer from cochlear synaptopathy, a type of hidden hearing loss. This discovery paves the way for potential treatments, including nerve regeneration through neurotrophins, bringing hope for millions affected worldwide.

Key Facts:

Source: Mass Eye and Ear

A new study fromMass Eye and Earinvestigators shows that individuals who report tinnitus, which present as a ringing in the ears in more than one out of ten adults worldwide, are experiencing auditory nerve loss that is not picked up by conventional hearing tests.

This work is part of aP50 grantawarded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to Mass Eye and Ear researchers within the Eaton-Peabody Laboratories (EPL) for their work on cochlear synaptopathy, which is commonly referred to as hidden hearing loss.

The results from this study provide a better understanding on the origins of tinnitus and are published November 30th inScientific Reports.

Beyond the nuisance of having persistent ringing or other sounds in the ears, tinnitus symptoms are debilitating in many patients, causing sleep deprivation, social isolation, anxiety and depression, adversely affecting work performance, and reducing significantly their quality of life, said senior authorStphane F. Maison, PhD, CCC-A, a principal investigator at Mass Eye and Ear, a member of Mass General Brigham, and clinical director of the Mass Eye and Ear Tinnitus Clinic.

We wont be able to cure tinnitus until we fully understand the mechanisms underlying its genesis. This work is a first step toward our ultimate goal of silencing tinnitus.

Many individuals with hearing loss report a buzzing, humming, ringing or even roaring sound in their ears. Its been a longstanding idea that these symptoms, known as tinnitus, arise as a result of a maladaptive plasticity of the brain.

In other words, the brain tries to compensate for the loss of hearing by increasing its activity, resulting in the perception of a phantom sound, tinnitus. Until recently though, this idea was disputed as some tinnitus sufferers have normal hearing tests.

However, the discovery of cochlear synaptopathy back in 2009 by Mass Eye and Ear investigators brought back to life this hypothesis as it was evidenced that patients with a normal hearing test can have a significant loss to the auditory nerve.

In view of this paradigm shift in the way researchers and clinicians think about hearing loss, Maison and his team sought to determine if such hidden damage could be associated with the tinnitus symptoms experienced by a cohort of normal hearing participants.

By measuring the response of their auditory nerve and brainstem, the researchers found that chronic tinnitus was not only associated with a loss of auditory nerve but that participants showed hyperactivity in the brainstem.

Our work reconciles the idea that tinnitus may be triggered by a loss of auditory nerve, including in people with normal hearing, said Maison.

In terms of future directions, the investigators aim to capitalize on recent work geared toward the regeneration of auditory nerve via the use of drugs called neurotrophins.

The idea that, one day, researchers might be able to bring back the missing sound to the brain and, perhaps, reduce its hyperactivity in conjunction with retraining, definitely brings the hope of a cure closer to reality, Maison added.

Disclosures:The authors declare no competing interests.

Funding:This work was supported by a grant from the NIDCD (P50 DC015857) and the Lauer Tinnitus Research Center at the Mass Eye and Ear.

Author: Ryan Jaslow Source: Mass Eye and Ear Contact: Ryan Jaslow Mass Eye and Ear Image: The image is credited to Neuroscience News

Original Research: The findings will appear in Scientific Reports

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Tinnitus Linked to Auditory Nerve Loss - Neuroscience News

Neuroscience

The Intersection of Art and Neuroscience: Exploring the Beauty and Complexity of the Brain – Medriva

The Intersection of Art and Neuroscience

Every year, the Art of Neuroscience competition presents a unique opportunity for artists to bring the intricate beauty and complexity of the brain to life. These artistic representations, ranging from visualizations of diseased neurons and neurodegenerative diseases to creative portrayals of the brains inner workings, serve not only as a celebration of the aesthetics of science but also as a platform for communicating the technical outputs of brain research and challenging long-held societal beliefs.

One of the most remarkable aspects of this competition is its focus on portraying the real-world ramifications of complex disorders. Particularly noteworthy is the emphasis on the experiences of individuals living with Functional Neurological Disorder (FND). These artworks offer a poignant, personal perspective on the struggles and resilience of those affected by this condition, fostering empathy and understanding among viewers.

The competition also delves into the fascinating concept of an inner Mars through a meditation practice. This unusual approach to neuroscience stimulates contemplation about our brains capabilities and potential for exploration and discovery, much like the uncharted terrain of the red planet.

Another captivating aspect of this competition is the endeavor to restore the lost voices of medical history. Through their creative work, artists shed light on forgotten narratives and highlight the human stories intertwined with the development of neuroscience. This approach not only enriches our understanding of the fields history but also underscores the individual experiences that have shaped its progression.

Some submissions take a dynamic approach to neuroscience by portraying the brains malleability through a choreographed interpretation of neuroplasticity. These performances encapsulate the brains incredible ability to adapt and change, providing a vivid, kinetic demonstration of this fundamental biological process.

With the advancement of technology, digital art installations have started to play a significant role in the Art of Neuroscience competition. For instance, a collaboration between the Society for Neuroscience, ARTECHOUSE, and a team of neurobiologists has resulted in an immersive experience of a human neuron. This digital endeavor brings viewers up close and personal with the intricate structures and processes of a neuron, offering a fresh perspective on these essential components of our nervous system.

Microscopy imaging also holds a special place in the competition. The Image of the Year 2022 Americas Winner, Igor Siwanowicz, demonstrated the potential for this technique to capture the art of the natural world. His winning image of a morning glory pollen grain germinating on the flowers stigma is a testament to the power of microscopy to reveal the hidden beauty in the microscopic world surrounding us.

In conclusion, the Art of Neuroscience competition is more than just a showcase of artistic talent. Its a platform for dialogue, understanding, and exploration, illuminating the many facets of the brain and the field of neuroscience. By exploring the intersection of art and science, the competition encourages us to view these disciplines not as separate entities but as complementary perspectives that can enrich our understanding of the world and ourselves.

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Neuroscience

Can You Actually Rewire Your Brain? Here’s What Experts Say | mindbodygreen – mindbodygreen

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Assistant Beauty & Health Editor

Hannah Frye is the Assistant Beauty Editor at mindbodygreen. She has a B.S. in journalism and a minor in womens, gender, and queer studies from California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo. Hannah has written across lifestyle sections including health, wellness, sustainability, personal development, and more.

Image by Kayla Snell / Stocksy

The phrase rewire your brain is used so loosely lately that it can seem more like a metaphor than a scientific reality. Is it really possible to rewire one's brain? And if so, how? We asked neuroscience and psychiatry experts for a much-needed lesson on brain rewiring and even snagged some actionable tips you can start today.

Rewiring your brain, scientifically, means to learn new things or to, in many cases, eliminate old habits that don't serve us and replace them with new habits that do serve us, says board-certified psychiatrist, neuroscientist, and founder of mindfulness wearable brand Apollo, Dave Rabin, M.D.

When your brain is "rewired," the connections between brain cells strengthen. This makes it easier for certain brain pathways to complete the tasks at hand. The more you do a task, the tighter those connections get, and thus, the more the task becomes a habit. This applies to many scenarios, including practicing an instrument, exercising, using positive self-talk, etc.

The science behind the phrase comes from the work of Eric Kandel, M.D., a Nobel Prize-winning neuroscientist who demonstrated that practice makes mastery, so anything you do (whether its good for you or not) gets wired in the brain as the action repeats.

The brain is much more flexible than we might thinkand shifting the status quo is possible.

You may have heard of the term neuroplasticity before, which, as a refresher, is the brain's ability to form new connections. Neuroplasticity often happens when we learn or experience something new. And there's an element of neuroplasticity involved in rewriting the brain: That's where the re in rewiring" comes in.

Board-certified psychiatrist Sue Varma, M.D. explains that the brain is much more flexible than we might thinkand shifting the status quo is possible. However, she adds that this flexibility can be both helpful and unhelpful, given that traumatic experiences can rewire the brain for the worse.

This is where the concept of brain rewiring becomes more complex. As you can imagine, rewiring your brain from past trauma, especially traumatic memories youve mentally blocked out or your brain chemistry has prevented you from remembering clearly, is much harder than changing a daily habit in your life.

So, while the following tips for positively rewiring your brain can help with many goals, overcoming complex trauma often requires a different approach that includes professional therapy.

Now, just because its possible to rewire your brain doesnt mean its easy. Behavior change takes time, effort, and a whole lot of patience, but these tips can help you get started:

1 .

Youll want to set yourself up for success by making realistic goals. To do so, focus on areas you have control over and try not to ruminate on those you dont. Otherwise, youll just spark negative thoughts.

Anxiety stems from spending time thinking about things we don't have control over, Rabin says. So waste no time worrying about those and start with something you know is realistic.

The same applies to habits related to diet, exercise, and personal care. If you want to cut back on addicting processed food, for example, consider a small goal at first: Start by adjusting one snack a day, and then move onto your meals once youve formed the initial habit of reaching for a whole food snack.If you want to go to the gym more often, start by going once a week rather than four times a week to prevent feeling overwhelmed.

2 .

Some people say it takes 21 days to form a new habit, but modern research suggests 10 weeks is more realistic2 . Even with that extension, it varies greatly from person to person and goal to goal, and thus, you shouldnt hold yourself to a time constraint if its not going to help you.

Rather, just focus on practicing your new habit daily and staying committed to it.

Using the example from above, if you want to stop self-deprecating thoughts surrounding burnout, then have a few positive affirmations at the ready and plug them in when your brain starts taking a negative path.

Say to yourself, out loud or in your head, Im allowed to take breaks, or Giving myself time to rest will improve my performance later on, or Im doing something positive for my mental health right now, and Im proud of that. You get the idea.

Its critical to have your new habits at the ready to replace the old ones. If you want to cut out processed food snacks but dont have a healthy alternative stocked in your pantry, its going to be even more of an uphill battle.

3 .

Picturing success really can change your brain, and both experts agree youll have to start being optimistic about your goals if you want to achieve them.

Visualize the best possible outcomeone year and five years from now, Varma suggests. You may even try writing down what you see as success to get a clear picture of what you want.

Even when you slip up, remind yourself that youre going to make mistakes along the way, and thats all a part of the process, Varma adds. This is an essential part of viewing your success and your journey in a positive light, encouraging you to keep going.

A final reminder: Its always okay to ask for help, even with goals you think seem simple. Talking to a mental health professional can make a huge difference in your process of planning and executing the changes you want to make. Rewiring the brain is possible, but its hardly ever going to be easy. Ask for support, and see that as a step in the direction of success.

Structurally, rewiring your brain means tightening connections between certain brain cells. Once you have a particular goal in mind, rewiring your brain can strengthen the brain pathways required to achieve that goal. It can also weaken the pathways involved in less desirable habits or thought patterns. It calls on the concept that repetitive action, good or bad, becomes habitual over time. Some habits are rooted in deep trauma and may call for a more complex approach and extra professional support, so dont be afraid to ask for help. Here, more ways to build healthy habits that stick.

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Neuroscience

Innovative Fiber to Tackle Alzheimer’s Developed – Neuroscience News

Summary: A collaborative team is developing a neural fiber to combat Alzheimers disease. This high-priority NIH-funded project aims to create a minimally invasive fiber, capable of electrical stimulation and drug delivery, to study and potentially reverse memory loss.

The fiber will enable detailed imaging and analysis of amyloid deposits in the brain, a key factor in Alzheimers. With a one-year deadline, this ambitious project could revolutionize our approach to understanding and treating Alzheimers.

Key Facts:

Source: Virginia Tech

Every 65 seconds, someone in the United States develops Alzheimers disease, a devastating form of dementia that affects 6.2 million Americans.

Though it was initially identified almost 120 years ago, Alzheimers diseaseis a progressive neurological disorder with no cure and few treatments. It starts out with minor memory loss that, over time, advances to a mental decline so severe, individuals have difficulty even swallowing.

Xiaoting Jia, associate professor in theBradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, experienced the direct, cruel impact of Alzheimers diseaseas it ravaged her grandmothers mind, destroying memories of a long-lived and loved life.

Alzheimers is a devastating problem Ive seen firsthand how bad it could be, Jia said. Its why it concerns me as an electrical engineer. I want to build tools and try to assist neuroscientists in solving brain problems.

Its this personal connection that makes thehigh priority, short-term grant from the National Institutes of Healthso poignant.

A pioneer in the neural fiber field, Jia has partnered with longtime collaboratorHarald Sontheimer, professor and chair of neuroscience at the University of Virginia, and fellow brain imaging expertSong Hu, associate professor of biomedical engineering at Washington University in St. Louis, on the development of a new neural tool: a deep brain, multipurpose fiber.

Their goal? Slowing down or reversing memory loss.

Examples of previous preform pulled through Xiaoting Jias thermal fiber drawing tower. The preform gets thinner and thinner as its pulled, creating the tube that houses different fibers or filaments. Photo by Ben Murphy for Virginia Tech.

What we are doing here together is creating a device with which we can visualize the build up of biomarkers that are the culprits of Alzheimers disease, Sontheimer said. Usually you cant access or image that part of the brain, but this device will provide access to the hippocampus, home of spatial memory and retention.

The team has one year to build a minimally invasive, long-term fiber not much thicker thana strand of hair to study those biomarkers, including thick protein deposits called amyloids in the hippocampus.

Current electrical and imaging toolsby neuroscientists are limited in resolution, both time and spatial, such as an MRI or electroencephalogram. Some are more invasive with large electrodes with which doctors need to fish around in an attempt to apply electrical stimulation to the deep brain.

A big problem in Alzheimers research is there are a lot of dysfunctions in the brain having to do with neurovascular changes, Hu said, but we dont totally understand how those changes impact memory loss and behaviors that eventually impair their life. Conventional techniques have provided an important understanding of neurons and vasculature, but theres a technology limitation.

The super fiber Jia will construct stands out from other existing technologies because of the flexible polymer platform. Little to no damage of brain tissue and long-lasting potential means fewer complicated surgeries, and more time with family.

Amyloid deposits are the main feature for AD [Alzheimers disease], and they begin developing years, even decades, before people show AD symptoms, Jia said. Its still a mystery how the deposits even begin.

According to Jia, theres no confirmed causal relationship between Alzheimers diseaseand the deposits yet. However, the relationship between plaque buildup and the onset of symptoms is the guiding focus of the teams research, with each researcher taking on a key component in the creation of this first-of-its-kind fiber:

Xiaoting Jia holds up an example of the embedded fiber the team would use in its research. Photo by Peter Means for Virginia Tech.

Target one for the team is to utilize the endoscope. It will provide images to the team for observing neuroactivity, the initial stages of amyloid deposition, and the blood flow in vessels. The team will use this data to analyze the memory loss-amyloid relationship.

Target two is sending electrical pulses and later, anti-amyloid drugs in the hopes of re-establishing blood flow and oxygenation to dead neurons and restoring memory.

If that sounds complex it is. And the team only has 12 months to develop and test two prototypes.

This is a very ambitious goal, what were trying to do in one year, Jia said. The brain is very nuanced with more than 80 billion neurons, and were still behind on fully understanding how the brain functions and how diseases are formed.

Achieving its targets will enable the fiber team to seek additional multiyear funding from the National Institutes of Health. The ultimate hope? The researchers will be able to prove their technology has the possibility to improve the quality of life for the millions of Americans impacted by Alzheimers disease.

Author: Chelsea Seeber Source: Virginia Tech Contact: Chelsea Seeber Virginia Tech Image: The image is credited to Neuroscience News

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Innovative Fiber to Tackle Alzheimer's Developed - Neuroscience News

Neuroscience

The Cerebellum’s Role in Human Cognitive Evolution – Neuroscience News

Summary: New research reveals the cerebellums significant role in the evolution of human cognitive functions. The study mapped the genetic development of cerebellar cells in humans, mice, and opossums, uncovering both ancestral and unique cellular characteristics.

Key findings include the increased proportion of specific Purkinje cells in humans, potentially linked to higher cognitive functions, and the identification of over 1,000 genes with varying activity profiles across species, some related to neurodevelopmental disorders.

Key Facts:

Source: Heidelberg University

The evolution of higher cognitive functions in human beings has so far mostly been linked to the expansion of the neocortex a region of the brain that is responsible, inter alia, for conscious thought, movement and sensory perception.

Researchers are increasingly realizing, however, that the little brain or cerebellum also expanded during evolution and probably contributes to the capacities unique to humans, explains Prof. Dr Henrik Kaessmann from the Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University.

His research team has together with Prof. Dr Stefan Pfister from the Hopp Childrens Cancer Center Heidelberg generated comprehensive genetic maps of the development of cells in the cerebella of human, mouse and opossum.

Comparisons of these data reveal both ancestral and species-specific cellular and molecular characteristics of cerebellum development spanning over 160 million years of mammalian evolution.

Although the cerebellum, a structure at the back of the skull, contains about 80 percent of all neurons in the whole human brain, this was long considered a brain region with a rather simple cellular architecture, explains Prof. Kaessmann.

In recent times, however, evidence suggesting a pronounced heterogeneity within this structure has been growing, says the molecular biologist.

The Heidelberg researchers have now systematically classified all cell types in the developing cerebellum of human, mouse and opossum. To do so they first collected molecular profiles from almost 400,000 individual cells using single-cell sequencing technologies. They also employed procedures enabling spatial mapping of the cell types.

On the basis of these data the scientists noted that in the human cerebellum, the proportion of Purkinje cells large, complex neurons with key functions in the cerebellum is almost double that of mouse and opossum in the early stages of fetal development.

This increase is primarily driven by specific subtypes of Purkinje cells that are generated first during development and likely communicate with neocortical areas involved in cognitive functions in the mature brain.

It stands to reason that the expansion of these specific types of Purkinje cells during human evolution supports higher cognitive functions in humans, explains Dr Mari Sepp, a postdoctoral researcher in Prof. Kaessmanns research group Functional evolution of mammalian genomes.

Using bioinformatic approaches, the researchers also compared the gene expression programmes in cerebellum cells of human, mouse and opossum. These programmes are defined by the fine-tuned activities of a myriad of genes that determine the types into which cells differentiate in the course of development.

Genes with cell-type-specific activity profiles were identified that have been conserved across species for at least about 160 million years of evolution.

According to Henrik Kaessmann, this suggests that they are important for fundamental mechanisms that determine cell type identities in the mammalian cerebellum. At the same time, the scientists identified over 1,000 genes with activity profiles differing between human, mouse and opossum.

At the level of cell types, it happens fairly frequently that genes obtain new activity profiles. This means that ancestral genes, present in all mammals, become active in new cell types during evolution, potentially changing the properties of these cells, says Dr Kevin Leiss, who at the time of the studies was a doctoral student in Prof. Kaessmanns research group.

Among the genes showing activity profiles that differ between human and mouse the most frequently used model organism in biomedical research several are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders or childhood brain tumours, Prof. Pfister explains. He is a director at the Hopp Childrens Cancer Center Heidelberg, heads a research division at the German Cancer Research Center and is a consultant paediatric oncologist at Heidelberg University Hospital.

The results of the study could, as Prof. Pfister suggests, provide valuable guidance in the search for suitable model systems beyond the mouse model to further explore such diseases.

The research results were published in the journal Nature. Also participating in the studies apart from the Heidelberg scientists were researchers from Berlin as well as China, France, Hungary, and the United Kingdom. The European Research Council financed the research. The data are available in a public database.

Author: Ute Mueller-Detert Source: Heidelberg University Contact: Ute Mueller-Detert Heidelberg University Image: The image is credited to Neuroscience News

Original Research: Closed access. Cellular development and evolution of the mammalian cerebellum by Henrik Kaessmann et al. Nature

Abstract

Cellular development and evolution of the mammalian cerebellum

The expansion of the neocortex, a hallmark of mammalian evolution, was accompanied by an increase in cerebellar neuron numbers. However, little is known about the evolution of the cellular programs underlying cerebellum development in mammals.

In this study, we generated single-nucleus RNA-sequencing data for ~400,000 cells to trace cerebellum development from early neurogenesis to adulthood in human, mouse, and the marsupial opossum.

We established a consensus classification of the cellular diversity in the developing mammalian cerebellum and validated it by spatial mapping in the fetal human cerebellum.

Our cross-species analyses revealed a largely conserved developmental dynamics of cell type generation, except for Purkinje cells, where we observed an expansion of early-born subtypes in the human lineage.

Global transcriptome profiles, conserved cell state markers, and gene expression trajectories across neuronal differentiation show that cerebellar cell type-defining programs have been overall preserved for at least ~160 million years.

However, we also identified many orthologous genes that gained or lost expression in cerebellar neural cell types in one of the species, or evolved new expression trajectories during neuronal differentiation, indicating widespread gene repurposing at the cell type level.

Altogether, our study unveils shared and lineage-specific gene expression programs governing the development of cerebellar cells, and expands our understanding of mammalian brain evolution.

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Neuroscience

Trinity Health Michigan opens neuroscience center in Muskegon – Grand Haven Tribune

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Emergency Medicine

Lisa Lincoln, M.D., Awarded Unsung Hero by New York American College of Emergency Physicians – URMC

Lisa Lincoln, M.D., Attending Physician in the Department of Emergency Medicine at Highland Hospital and Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Emergency Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry has been named a New York State Emergency Medicine Unsung Hero. This designation is awarded to physicians for their work ethic, compassion, and collegiality.

A New York State Emergency Medicine Unsung Hero goes beyond simply being the embodiment of what it means to be an emergency physician. They are a stalwart of the Emergency Department, who is deeply committed to the mission of the emergency department, their colleagues, co-workers and patients.

Emergency Medicine encompasses planning, oversight and medical direction for community emergency medical response, medical control and disaster preparedness. Emergency physicians possess a unique body of knowledge including the initial evaluation, diagnosis, treatment, coordination of care among multiple providers and disposition of patients requiring expeditious medical, surgical or psychiatric care.

"It is no secret that the current clinical practice environment in Emergency Medicine can be challenging just about every Emergency Department has issues with boarding and resources, said Timothy Lum, M.D., FACEP, Chief of Emergency Medicine for Highland Hospital. It is these challenges that allow physicians like Dr. Lincoln to demonstrate just how exceptional they are. Dr. Lincoln is a role model within our department when it comes to patient care. She possesses integrity, truly cares about patients and is unwaveringly kind, compassionate and dedicated to the provision of excellent patient care. She does this all with an unparalleled humility."

Dr. Lincoln is a Rochester native. After attending SUNY Geneseo for her undergraduate degree, Dr. Lincoln received her medical degree from the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry in 2009. She completed her Emergency Medicine residency training at the University of Rochester and was elected to be one of the Chief Residents by her peers and the Emergency Medicine faculty.

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Lisa Lincoln, M.D., Awarded Unsung Hero by New York American College of Emergency Physicians - URMC

Emergency Medicine

Are First-Year Emergency Medicine Residents Still Behind on Level 1 Care-Based Milestones? – Cureus

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Are First-Year Emergency Medicine Residents Still Behind on Level 1 Care-Based Milestones? - Cureus

Emergency Medicine

ER Physician Paul Mucciolo Files for Conklin’s School Board Seat, Citing Need for ‘Healthy Dose of Professionalism’ – FlaglerLive.com

Dr. Paul Mucciolo. ( FlaglerLive)

Last Updated: 6:44 p.m.

Emergency Medicine Physician Paul Mucciolo Files to Run for Conklins School Board Seat

Dr. Paul Mucciolo, an emergency-medicine physician at AdventHealth Palm Coast, picked up his two children from Indian Trails Middle School this afternoon, headed to the Supervisor of Elections office in Bunnell and declared his candidacy for the District 3 seat on the Flagler County School Board to bring back a healthy dose of professionalism to the board, he said, and to return the school district to an A-rated organization.

Mucciolo is running for the seat Colleen Conklin has held since 2000, as he did three years ago. Conklin has elected not to run again in 2024, as has Cheryl Massaro, though Massaro may not have entirely closed the door on another run.

Their departure will leave the board with the least combined elected-office experience it has had in memory, with three other board membersSally Hunt, Will Furry and Christy Chongeach having only two years on the board by then, assuming all three complete their first term.

The school districtstop administrative staff has also lost experienced hands and is led by first-year Superintendent LaShakia Moore, with additional administrative losses ahead. Moore expects to have a deputy superintendent by early next year. That would not necessarily be a problem in an organization moored to a functioning board. But that has not been the case, as a member of the public put it to the board this afternoon at the beginning of a workshop.

Ive been coming to these meetings a long time. But for the past year, which coincides probably with three new members of the board, what I dont seem to see or understand or perceive is that the board has spent any time in the last year thinking about kids, Mike Cocchiola told the board before enumerating the boards various firings and going after anything with a rainbow on it, for your own personal convictions. It seems to me that youre spending more time and more taxpayer money attacking cultural issues, and not once that I hear, especially the new members, say lets do something for the kids.

Mucciolo hadnt heard the commentit was delivered around the same time that the doctor was leaving the supervisors office, three floors up from where he wasbut seemed to echo it. Im trying to get Flagler schools and mainly the school board back on track to try to get the students and parents first, then the staff, then the support staff, and then the the board actually last, he said. The board should be there to serve, to serve the students and to give them the best possible education that they can get.

He does not want the operations of the school board to control so much of the agenda, as it has for the past few years, often at the detriment of other priorities. Flagler should be back to an A school [district], it should never lost the designation, he said. We have to look at why its not an A school and make sure that we dedicate the resources to bring whatever area needs attention up to par in order to earn that designation. He added: I would like there to be more of a business like attitude, a healthy dose of professionalism, and what I would like to really see happen is to open the doors more to our community. That is what is going to benefit our children, benefit our businesses, benefit our district in generalby having a closer relationship with the educational opportunities and businesses in the community.

Mucciolo carries a heavy workload. He practices emergency medicine full time, serves as the medical director at AdventHealth Palm Coast and AdventHealth Palm Coast Parkway (both the north and south campuses of the hospital), and at the International Speedway, where AdventHealth is the exclusive healthcare provider. My demands are many but the flexibility in my scheduling affords me the ability to attend meetings, to take phone calls, to meet with people. So, while I do have a heavy load, I can adjust it in order to accommodate additional demands, Mucciolo said.

He and his wife Christy moved to Palm Coast in 2008. He was in emergency medicine with Halifax Health before switching to AdventHealth in 2015. Why emergency medicine? The variety of the job. I get to see it all, he said. And its a privilege to be able to care for people who are at their worst. Its their worst moment, and its an honor to help people put their trust in you to try to help them. The current school board may not be such a leap from the emergency room.

He is now one of two candidates for the District 3 seat. Nicole Durenberger, a relatively new arrival in Flagler County, initially filed for a Palm Coast City Council seat, withdrew, then filed for School Board. (Like County Commission candidates, School Board candidates are elected according to districts. The candidates must live in the district they represent. But voters from across the county cast ballots for candidates regardless of district. The races are ostensibly non-partisan, but in todays ideologically polarized campaigns, most voters pay attention to a candidates registration and the local political parties overtly politicize non-partisan races.)

Mucciolo has been following the school board since before his first campaign. He ran against Conklin three years ago. Conklin won in a three-way race (she took 52 percent of the vote to Mucciolos 35, with a third candidate taking the balance of the votes) Mucciolo, a Republican, and Conklin, a Democrat, then essentially became colleagues as Mucciolo appeared on a virtual town hall Conklin organized during the Covid pandemic to counter the effects of unscientific information and tamp down some o the hysteria surrounding recommended safety measures at the time, in school and elsewhere.

Paul and I had an opportunity to work together during Covid, Conklin said this evening, after a boar workshop. I relied on his expertise and it was clear to me that he was greatly focused on the success of all students. I believe hes disassociated himself from those who thought they may have been able to influence him. He is very much his own man.

I cant fill her seat, Mucciolo said of Conklin. With that depth and length of experience and the breadth of experience, Im coming in new. It has some disadvantages because I have to uncover a lot of things and look behind the doors that we dont see now, because Im not active on the board. But it has an advantage of bringing some fresh perspectives. And the thing to do is to carry on the good work. She has worked tirelessly for the students and the teachers. And what Ive noticed from her is that shes very open to listening. And I think thats where its most importantthat we listen to our students. We listen to the teachers, and we listened to the community, and I would like to carry forth that quality more than anything, and the dedication to making sure that everyones needs are met when there are difficult times like Covid or an economic downturn.

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ER Physician Paul Mucciolo Files for Conklin's School Board Seat, Citing Need for 'Healthy Dose of Professionalism' - FlaglerLive.com