Monthly Archives: April 2017

Anatomy

Grey’s Anatomy boss says season finale is on fire – EW.com (blog)

Is Grey Sloan going up in flames?

With Greys Anatomy heading toward a big event in its season finale, a new tease from Shonda Rhimes may spell doom for the hospital that, or the hospital may play host to the victims of a fire. You decide: Debbie Allen and I like to say that the episode is on fire, Rhimes told EW at the Scandal 100th episode party on Saturday night. Thats the only way were going to describe it. Its a pretty exciting episode thats very on fire.

Allen, who wrapped directing the Greys finale on Friday, concurred: I can only tease that its going to be hot for real; its on fire. We had night shoots and we were up all night for a couple of weeks, but boy it was great. I was so excited every day.

Does this mean the actual hospital will be on fire in the finale? I dont know about that, Rhimes said coyly.

However fire may or may not play a role in the finale, it sounds like someone could get burned. You should be worried, Allen cautioned. Be worried, because its that kind of night. Its going to be that kind of a ride.

In fact, Allen reveals that the events of the season finale will give fans an indication of whats coming next year. I think season 14 is going to be spectacular, Allen said. Were planting some seeds that you wont see coming, but you will be waiting to see how its all going to play out.

Greys Anatomy airs Thursdays at 8 p.m. ET on ABC.

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Grey's Anatomy boss says season finale is on fire - EW.com (blog)

Anatomy

Capcom Shares A Look At The Over 20-Year-Old Anatomy Guide Used By Street Fighter Artists – Siliconera

By Casey . April 9, 2017 . 5:30pm

Capcom has recently shared a look at a very integral anatomy guide that was created and has been used by the Street Fighter team for over 20 years.

During this years GDC, Capcom art director Toshiyuki Kamei referenced the guide, which had been compiled back in the mid-90s and edited by former Capcom artist Akira Yasuda. Since then, the guide has been used to teach other artists at Capcom how to recreate characters that are visually consistent with the games.

Kamei went on to note the guides age, saying its a pretty old document, but that is still very valuable to them.

You can check out a few excerpts from the guide below, and find more from it at Capcoms Japanese blog.

Video game stories from other sites on the web. These links leave Siliconera.

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Capcom Shares A Look At The Over 20-Year-Old Anatomy Guide Used By Street Fighter Artists - Siliconera

Neuroscience

How to Keep Mistakes From Snowballing, According to Neuroscience – Inc.com

To err is human, as the saying goes. And in many ways, when we learn from what goes wrong, we become better people. But, as Laurel Hamers of Science News reports, neuroscience now shows that, when you screw up, there's a right way and a wrong way to respond.

To take a hard look at how the brain reacts to mistakes, a team of researchers led by psychologist George Buzzell had 23 individuals look at concentric circles flashed briefly on a screen. In each challenge, the colors of the circles were either the same or slightly different. The participants' had to identify the sameness or difference by raising one hand or the other.

Buzzell and his team found that the individuals participating in the study typically answered the challenge following a mistake correctly if given a second or two to recoup. But they performed worse when they weren't allowed as much recovery time after a mistake, with accuracy dropping approximately 10 percent when time between an error and a new color challenge fell to 0.2 seconds. Buzzell also looked at electrical activity from the visual cortex, the part of your brain that receives and processes information from your eyes. That data showed that making a mistake negatively affected how much the participants paid attention to the next color challenge.

Buzzell's results prove that, as the brain processes a mistake, it's temporarily distracted, making it harder for you to pay attention and move on without additional errors. It explains from a scientific perspective the dreaded snowball effect of screwups, where once you've made a mistake, if you don't have any recovery time, you keep making more blunders.

Most people become at least a little self-conscious after making a mistake. We become afraid that others will judge us as being incompetent--or just generally not good enough--because of the error. And that's terrifying, because if we're not good enough, there's very little (we believe) to stop others from kicking us to the curb and forgetting us. We don't want to be alone. On some level, we don't believe we'll survive if we are. And to pour salt in the wound, the spotlight effect, which causes people to think others are noticing things about them that they probably aren't, only magnifies our fear. We have to cope with all of this on top of what's happening in the visual cortex.

The above research should make it clear that you're not doing yourself any favors if you try to rush and immediately plow through to the next thing when a mistake happens. To get back on track and reduce the odds you keep messing up:

Remember, different situations are going to require different recovery options. It's easier to doodle at your desk, for instance, than it is onstage. But the key is to find something, any positive diversion, that gives your brain the second it needs to process and reset when you goof. Experiment to find your personal go-tos, and watch how much pressure you put on yourself. You're only human, and believe it or not, people are surprisingly approving of taking the time to do things right. You don't need to rush it, and nobody expects you to be perfect. They just expect you to try.

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How to Keep Mistakes From Snowballing, According to Neuroscience - Inc.com

Neuroscience

Where Neuroscience Ends, Poetry Takes Over – OZY

The brain wants what it wants. Neurology has mapped the mind, but continues to lag in understanding the nexus of touch and emotions. Biologist Steven Phelps, inspired by a sexual awakening, examines the science of skin and our nervous system that allows us to feel through touch, aided by uninsulated naked nerve cells long known to respond to temperature, pain, tickle and itch sensations. But only recently have researchers discovered how these sensory neurons respond to being touched, which Phelps says is still best understood by lovers and poets.

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Where Neuroscience Ends, Poetry Takes Over - OZY

Neuroscience

$75 million neuroscience center opens on Phalen Boulevard, St … – TwinCities.com-Pioneer Press

To design the five-level, $75 million HealthPartners Neuroscience Center opening Monday at 295 Phalen Boulevard, directors traveled as far as the Spaulding Rehabilitation Center in Cambridge, Mass., for ideas on how tokeep the atmosphere patient-friendly and aggressively state-of-the-art.

A recent tour of the facility illustrates that approach.

Inside the 130,000-square-foot facility, video cameras linked to two underwater treadmills record and analyze the gait of stroke victims in a climate-controlled therapy pool. A floor below, 16 privately-funded researchers surrounded by beakers, microscopesand hypersensitive digital scales search for cures to dementia and Alzheimers disease.

A floor above, images displayed on large flat-screen wall monitors will show patients the interior of their own tumors, spines and frontal lobes, a visual road map to complicatedmedical conditions. Clinical trials, physical rehab, patient diagnosis and lab work will all happen in the same building.

It was a really long journey making sure every aspect of the building was patient-centric, said Marny Farrell, the centers director of rehabilitation for outpatient services.

The result is anoutpatient clinical, rehab and research space dedicated to virtually any kind of neurological condition, from stroke trauma to spinal injuries, and dementiato amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

More than 50,000 patients a year are expected to use the new center, which will employ some 200 physicians and staffers.

More importantly, the centercombines neuroscience specialties under one roof, allowing them room to expand. And it frees up needed space at Regions and at HealthPartners two nearby clinical centers, at 401 and 435 Phalen Boulevard, where research and medical services also are growing.

As a result, rather than travel between three or more locations for care, dementia patients will be able to schedule an X-ray or MRI and meet with nutritionists, speech pathologists and other experts on the same day and in the same facility.

Before, it was very hard for patients to know where to go, said Dr. Bret Haake, chief medical officer with Regions Hospital, who oversaw much of the centers planning. In many academic centers, sometimes theres a lot of distance between what the lab is doing and applying it to patients.

Patients will range from hospital referrals to walk-ins, and services are being scheduled around specific types of neurological conditions.

The centers second and third floors are devoted to clinical care such as pain management, neuro-psychology and clinical research.

Large sliding doors on patient care rooms have been designed with wheelchairs in mind. Services have been segregated by noise and intensity, so a Gingko Coffeehouse and gym-like rehab center on the ground level are well removed from a meditation room and quiet areas where families might await a loved ones diagnosis.

From the rehab center, glass bay windows provide a ready line-of-sight to Regions Hospital and downtown St. Paul, as well an outdoor space fashioned with wide stone steps a practice walking area designed with stroke patients in mind.

Indoors, an overhead harness system linked to a programmable robot is capable of carrying up to 95 percent of the weight of a 450-pound patient, or as little as 5 percent. Sliding levels of support are designed to help patients regaining their ambulatory skills after a stroke or injury.

In a lower-level laboratory, groups of researchers are juggling some 40 projects related to neurological disorders, about half of them dedicated to Alzheimers. Among them, theyll publish between 10 and 20 academic papers annually. Their research tends to draw more private grants and donations than government funding, allowing greater flexibility.

Our work tends to be more cutting edge, based on prevention of brain and spine disease high risk, high reward, said Leah Hanson, senior director of neuroscience research.

Phalen Boulevard has had the early makings of a modern medical corridor; in 2005, HealthPartners built the first of two specialty centers with clinics that range in focus from ears, nose and throat to hands and plastics. The specialty center at 405 Phalen Boulevard opened that year, and 435 Phalen Boulevard opened in 2007.

The new Neuroscience Centerreplaced a smaller HealthPartners physical therapy clinic, as well as a private storage facility, and could help boost the health care companys visibility.

The structure was designed by BWBR Architects and built by Kraus-Anderson Construction.

Residents will be able to examine the finished product from the inside during a community open house from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. on May 13.

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$75 million neuroscience center opens on Phalen Boulevard, St ... - TwinCities.com-Pioneer Press

Genetics

These Species Can Recode Their Own Genetics – Futurism – Futurism

In Brief More than any other species on earth, octopuses are particularly smartthey can solve puzzles, use tools, and communicate using color. Now scientists are saying they're also capable of editing their RNA. Gene Editing

A team of scientists led by Joshua Rosenthal at the Marine Biological Laboratory and Noa Liscovitch-Braur and Eli Eisenberg at Tel Aviv University have discovered that octopusesand squid are capable of a type of genetic alteration called RNA editing. The process is rare among other species, leading scientists to believe that the cephalopods have evolved to follow a special kind of gene recoding.

Normally, living creatures use the information contained in DNA to make proteins, and RNA is the go-between, simply transmitting the message in the DNA. More than 60 percent of RNA transcripts in squid are recoded by editing, and similar levels of RNA editing were identified in other cephalopod species, including two octopusesand a cuttlefish. This changes the message that gets sent out, which in turn changes the proteins that get produced. In comparison, other species like fruit flies and humans experience recoding events only a fraction of one percent of the time. But exactly how the gene editing mechanics work is a mystery.

When do they turn it on, and under what environmental influences? It could be something as simple as temperature changes or as complicated as experience, a form of memory, says Rosenthal.

The inherent characteristics of this species have prompted scientists to compare cephalopods to aliens, given their camouflage capability, blue blood, and ability to see polarized light. Their ability to manipulate their RNA demonstrates the importance of editing, which demonstrates how their species have possibly been forgoing standard evolution, sacrificing the ability to quickly evolve in order to develop their impressive brainpower.

Technically, an animal could use RNA editing to change the nature of its proteins without completely altering the underlying DNA instructions. This makes the cephalopods ability to do it a very interesting phenomenon, but its unclear as to why the species requires this much RNA editing.Many of the edited proteins were found in the animals brains, which is why scientists think the editing and their brainpower could be linked.

All of this, however, is still a hypothesis. Further research is needed to determine exactly how the editing mechanism works. Researchers hope to discover the role that RNA editing plays in the development of these species, and whether deeper insight into the process could ultimately lead to treatments for diseases like cystic fibrosis.

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These Species Can Recode Their Own Genetics - Futurism - Futurism

Biochemistry

Cork University Hospital crisis due to lack of biochemists – Irish Examiner

A shortage of consultant clinical biochemists is causing recruitment difficulties for Cork University Hospital, where the biochemistry laboratory has advised GPs it cannot provide clinical advice or interpretation of test results because of lack of clinical governance.

Dr John O'Mullane: Retired last September.

The hospitals biochemistry department has also advised GPs it has sought to voluntarily suspend its accreditation as efforts continue to recruit a consultant clinical biochemist following the retirement, last September, of department chief Dr John OMullane.

Asked how many staff vacancies were in the department, the hospital said: At any given time, allowing that there are a great number of personnel employed in the laboratory, there can be several or no vacancies.

In terms of the current situation, the hospital said there was one consultant clinical biochemist vacancy and that its medical manpower department is actively recruiting both a locum replacement and a permanent replacement.

The hospital said as available candidates are not plentiful, it is difficult to put a timeframe on either competition.

GPs have been advised that, since March 31, the department has not been in a position to provide a clinical advisory service.

Asked what reassurance it could provide in the absence of this advisory, the hospital said the same scientists will process patient specimens to a high-quality standard, as before, and within the same timeframe.

While we can advise service users to seek appropriate advice from other sources, we cannot directly provide that advice at this time. Specific clinical advice of this nature is not generally required for the majority of results, CUH said.

Asked what loss of accreditation would mean for the hospital, the response was that CUH biochemistry will continue to maintain the existing Quality Management System...designed to ensure the safe processing of laboratory tests, but will not be able to provide clinical advice for the interpretation of results.

The hospital said accreditation an independent verification of the extent to which an organisation meets pre-determined standards is not mandatory for biochemistry laboratories but that most, including CUH, achieve it as confirmation of maintaining the system.

The biochemistry department processed approximately 8m tests last year, including for liver function, cardiac function, , and general chemistries.

Irish Examiner Ltd. All rights reserved

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Cork University Hospital crisis due to lack of biochemists - Irish Examiner

Biochemistry

Cyro-electron microscopes view ‘ballet of the cell’ at UMass Med School – Worcester Telegram

Cyrus Moulton Telegram & Gazette Staff @MoultonCyrus

WORCESTER - Researchers have moved from the back row to the orchestra seats for the ballet of the cell, now that a new cryo-electron microscope is up and running at University of Massachusetts Medical School and attracting use and attention from all over the region.

Prior to this cryo-EM technology, it was like we were at the back of the arena with very poor vision, said Brian A. Kelch, assistant professor of biochemistry and molecular pharmacology at UMass Medical School. These microscopes now allow us to get 20/20 vision and move to the orchestra seats so we can now see all the dancers and see how they interact with each other. Then also when the dance gets out of synchrony, which could lead to disease, we can see how to bring those dancers back to synchrony which can fix that disease.

UMass Medical School held a ribbon cutting in October for a $12 million facility housing two powerful, high-resolution cryo-electron microscopes. The two microscopes - the roughly $5 million Titan Krios and the roughly $4 million Talos Arctica - will be the most advanced electron microscopes in New England and two of fewer than 50 such cryo-EM microscopes worldwide, according to Chen Xu, associate professor of biochemistry and molecular pharmacology and the core director of the Cryo-EM Facility at UMass Medical School.

The Titan Krios was acquired in collaboration with Harvard Medical School, supported by a grant of $5 million from the Massachusetts Life Sciences Center. The Talos-Arctica system was acquired with funding from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. UMass Medical School has invested $3 million in renovations on its main campus to house the facility.

Now after lots of testing, calibration and training for staff, the Talos Arctica microscope is operational, and the Titan Krios is scheduled to come online this month.

The technology, known as cryo-Em, uses electron energy to produce images of samples that are cryogenically frozen with liquid nitrogen.

The technology not only allows scientists to see an object closer and more clearly than before but also allows scientists to see a sample frozen in many different positions.

Previous technology called X-ray crystallography required that samples be frozen in crystals that only allowed one position for samples. That process was also more time-consuming - it could take years to develop a sample, Mr. Xu said - and there was no guarantee that a sample that took so long to develop would be usable.

The new technology, however, can cut the time to develop a sample down to a month. It also requires less of a sample than the X-ray crystallography, according to Mr. Kelch.

Seeing the sample in multiple positions also enables two important developments.

It enables scientists to better reconstruct the sample in three dimensions and understand its function.

This is crucial for Mr. Kelch, whose lab is working on two projects.

In the first, he is studying the part of the cell that copies DNA and how that relates to cancer.

But without the cryo-EM, Mr. Kelch would not be able to look at the guardian proteins that are the target of the research. Although the study is in its infancy, Mr. Kelch hopes that understanding the structure of these proteins can lead to the development of chemotherapeutic drugs that work by interacting with the proteins.

In the second project, Mr. Kelchs lab is investigating how viruses become infectious particles. Again, being able to see the shape of proteins containing the virus is crucial to developing antiviral drugs.

Seeing the sample in multiple positions also enables scientists to discover how the sample can move.

Andrei A. Korostelev, associate professor of RNA therapeutics at UMass Medical School, described the process as like taking a picture of thousands of running horses and then arranging each horse in a sequence to show movement.

Here you freeze 1,000 horses, each of them moving differently, Mr. Korostelev said, continuing the analogy (the scientists actually freeze molecules). And then from that we try to reconstruct a smooth pathway of the movement.

Understanding movement is key to Mr. Korostelevs work studying the ribosome, the key machine in the cell that reads genetic code and converts it to proteins.

He has used cryo-EM to see how the parts of the ribosome move with respect to each other so the ribosome can perform its complex function.

Whats brand-new is that you can see the movements in such detail, said Mr. Korostelev, whose work has created movies of the ribosome in the process of making proteins.

But aside from their own research applications, scientists see the microscopes as a way to spark future collaborations among the different institutions and companies using the machines.

So far in addition to UMass Medical School, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, biotechnology company Sanofi Genzyme and pharmaceutical company Vertex are some of the clients that are lining up to use the machine. The rates range from roughly $120 per hour for internal users to $300 an hour for industry partners, Mr. Xu said.

In addition, Mr. Korostelev said the microscopes are an attraction for students who are looking for the latest technology.

Mr. Kelch said the microscopes being at UMass is a boon for the entire state.

This whole facility can be an economic engine not just for academic science in Massachusetts, but also for the biotech industry as well, Mr. Kelch said. We get from them some money to help run the facility as well as make partnerships with those companies which helps our students and trainees to find new jobs once they leave here. The biotech industry gets access to the worlds state-of the art microscopes without having the burden of running that facility on their own. And all of that means a lot of growth, economic growth for the commonwealth.

Robert K. Coughlin, president and CEO of the Massachusetts Biotechnology Council, agreed.

It gives us a huge competitive advantage because this is state-of-the-art technology that is open source for many scientists to utilize, said Mr. Coughlin, whose organization represents more than 1,000 other organizations in the life-sciences cluster. If were going to continue in this region to be the best place for innovation, we need to stay ahead of the curve and constantly have access to cutting-edge equipment and technology.

Link:
Cyro-electron microscopes view 'ballet of the cell' at UMass Med School - Worcester Telegram

Anatomy

REVIEW | ‘A GAMBLER’S ANATOMY’ – The Gazette: Eastern Iowa Breaking News and Headlines

By By Rob Cline, correspondent

Apr 8, 2017 at 12:37 pm | Print View

Jonathan Lethems newest novel, A Gamblers Anatomy, is filled with masks both literal and metaphorical. Alexander Bruno, a professional backgammon play who makes his living defeating rich dilettantes, hits a catastrophic losing streak at the same time a blot begins to obscure his vision. The book follows Brunos seemingly ever more humiliating adventures, which lead to his face and his life being wholly remade.

Throughout the book, masks play an important role as characters including Bruno disguise themselves voluntarily or under duress. Lethem highlights the ways in which we are unknowable to each other and to ourselves, even when we try to strip all of our masks away.

Lethem, whose enthusiasm for the works of sci-fi author Philip K. Dick is well known, offers the reader the kind of mystery one might find in one of Dicks novels. Bruno may or may not be psychic. The blot and the growth responsible for it may or may not be dampening his abilities.

A Gamblers Anatomy also is infused with the kind of paranoia (which may not be paranoia at all) that might be found in a Thomas Pynchon novel. Bruno struggles to suss out the forces in play in his life and whether they part are part of a larger scheme.

Lethem is particularly effective in scenes featuring just two characters. He deftly uses dialogue to both illuminate and obscure his characters motivations as they jostle for position in relation to one another.

The books ending, which cannot be revealed here, is of the sort that will delight, puzzle, or disappoint some readers. I would argue that Lethem earns his unusual ending, but a case could be made that he does not and therefore leaves the reader unsatisfied at books end.

If that leaves you wondering whether you should read the book, Ill say this: I think its worth the gamble.

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REVIEW | 'A GAMBLER'S ANATOMY' - The Gazette: Eastern Iowa Breaking News and Headlines

Anatomy

Grey’s Anatomy Recap: Good Grief – Vulture

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Excerpt from:
Grey's Anatomy Recap: Good Grief - Vulture