Philadelphia launches GovLabPHL to improve agency performance with behavioral science – StateScoop (registration)

March 4, 2017 medical

By suggesting low-cost adjustments to existing programs, the new team is showing how a better understanding of human behavior can improve performance across government.

People do strange things.

To help explain why, in February, Philadelphia Mayor Jim Kenney's Policy Office launched GovLabPHL, a multi-agency team for developing "innovative and evidence-based practice" in city government.

The team aims to increase participation in government services and remove barriers to access by studying the minds and actions of its citizens. Born initially out of a Living Cities grant awarded to the city in September 2014, GovLabPHL codifies and expands the creation of a team that puts human behavior first. Now with workshops, a 10-month speaker seriesand six projects underway covering topicsfrom bike share to littering the team is gaining interest from agencies across the city thatwant the low-cost human-centric treatment.

Prior to the formal launch of the team, GovLabPHL proved its efficacy by targeting the Department of Revenue's senior citizen water bill discount program. There were some who were eligible but no matter what the city did, it couldn't get those residentsto apply. The team did research and put out surveys to discover that people thought the paperwork was too confusing. So the city began sending out paperwork with pre-populated fields. It tried different sized envelopes to see which people responded to most. Ittried hand-writing addresses on the envelopes instead of printing them. The team found what worked and that became the new way of doing things.

Agencies are interested because the team is finding low-cost tweaks to improve theirmissions without turning anyone's office upside down, explained Anjali Chainani, director of policy at the mayor's office.

"We want to ensure we're getting our best return on investment, and what that means is that we have people on the ground from the front lines all the way through to the service delivery folks that are engaged in the process of how that program or how that service is actually being designed," Chainani said.

Six projects underway now include:

Chainani reported that about 20 other agencies have expressed interest in partnering with the team and its allies. GovLabPHL pairs behaviorists from five universities who are donating their time to help agencies achieve their program goals. The five partner universities are University of Pennsylvania, Temple University, Drexel University, Princeton University, and Swarthmore College.Dan Hopkins from University of Pennsylvania and Syon Bhanot from Swarthmore College are the program's lead academic partners.

The program can be broken into three components helping citizens and city employees to learn, piloting new programs and increasing engagement.

"We want to work with behavioral scientists and design experts in looking at the barriers we may unknowingly put up that may prevent residents from connecting with the city or engaging with a particular program," she said. "If there's a messaging campaign already invested in and going out, we layer that with design methods and we layer it with behavioral science to really look at what evidence has already told us about what motivates people's actions and how to keep people engaged."

Philadelphia follows similar programs launched in cities and federal agencies under the Obama administration. The Social and Behavioral Sciences Team (SBST), a subcommittee of the National Science and Technology Council, includes more than a dozen federal departments and agencies who completed more than 30 pilots. The United Kingdom runs a similar office called The Behavioral Insights Team. The Office of the City Administrator's Lab @ DC has embedded more than 30 researchers inside Washington, D.C., government.

"There are so many triggers in our environment that lead us to take a specific action that we don't really pay attention to and then there are equally enough things that we just ignore because there's mass information that comes to us," Chainani said. "We're looking to really be innovative in a government that's investing all this money in these programs, and is really able to reach a level that is comfortable for the citizens and where they feel comfortable approaching the city and applying for these programs."

Editor's Note: Minor edits were made to quotes for readability.

Genetics

Genetics key with high corn populations – Illinois Farmer Today

March 4, 2017 student

Higher corn populations may be the way of the future, but seed companies are finding yield and economic benefits from high populations are both hybrid- and field-specific.

Myron Stine, president of Stine Seed Company, said his company began to see benefits in hybrids that performed well at high populations in the early 1990s. Over time, they started to identify the genetics responsible and developed a high-population growing system matched with specific genetics.

Genetics are fluid, but it takes a long time to change those, Stine said. We view (high-population corn) as a constantly evolving technology (and) management practice.

Honing in on higher populations

Stine said the number of growers in 2016 who saw a difference from higher population corn was fewer than in 2015, but those who did notice a difference saw a more dramatic improvement.

Like other management practices, farmers who use higher populations expect better yields on average across multiple years just as varying benefits are expected from fungicide or split-season nitrogen applications because of variable growing season conditions.

Stine said that in 2016 some high-population plantings had nitrogen left over, while the high-population fields with the biggest yield gains used up the available nitrogen.

The company developed a twin 20-inch-row planting system with John Deere and Great Plains. The twin rows can be harvested with a 20-inch corn header while halving the row spacing width. A twin 30-inch-row system is also possible.

This system is also being used with variable rate technology. Growers are varying populations from 30,000 to 45,000 seeds per acre and changing hybrid selection as they move from less productive to more productive ground.

Pairing populations and hybrids

Paul Carter, DuPont Pioneer senior agronomy sciences manager, said all Pioneer hybrids are tested at 20 to 30 locations over several years, plus hundreds of on-farm trials. Planting populations in some of these tests range from 18,000 to 50,000 seeds per acre on 30-inch rows.

In general, Pioneer has found the seeding rate required to maximize yield increases as yield level increases, Carter said.

The economic optimum seeding rate varies from about 30,000 seeds/acre for locations yielding 150 bu./acre to over 37,000 seeds/acre for yields of 240 bu./acre. Average responses vary by hybrid and local situations.

Brad Van Kooten, DuPont Pioneer senior marketing manager, said in studies looking at high seeding rates in 15-inch rows, they found about 80 percent of the germplasm worked well with 30-inch-row performance 20 percent responded differently. Of the total, 10 percent performed better in narrow row, high-population environments over a period of at least three years.

The benefits from these top-performing, high-population hybrids are incremental, Van Kooten said. While statistically better, they were not make or break differences.

Producers should review soil fertility levels to make sure they match their higher production goals, he said.

Pioneer also found a correlation between higher seeding rate advantages and shorter maturity corn.

Location is likely an important factor as higher planting densities may be better able to take advantage of a shorter growing season, Van Kooten explained.

Carter said that over the past 50 years, improved corn genetics have led to a gain of around 2 bushels per acre per year.

A lot of that gain has come from developing hybrids that can withstand the stress of plant to plant competition, he said.

Its important for growers to keep up with this gain, but the additional population required may be near an additional 250 plants per acre per year, he said.

So theres been a steady, a linear increase. We havent seen a step change, he said.

Van Kooten said theyve learned that the highest yielding genetics may not always benefit from higher populations. Population should be a hybrid-by-hybrid decision.

To find the sweet spot for each hybrid, Pioneer has a number of tools, including a Planting Rate Estimator app. Local seed reps likely are the best resource for farmers, Van Kooten said.

Understanding high populations

Becks Hybrids Practical Farm Research Agronomist Alexandra Knight said theyve seen a trend of high population seeding rate success in highly productive soils with high organic matter.

Knight said Becks participated in a multi-hybrid planting study from 2012 to 2015, testing offensive and defensive hybrids and corresponding seeding rates based on yield map history. It found a 7 bushel per acre benefit in corn.

Their Iowa 2016 High Yield Attempt PFR study a moonshot of sorts for highest yield also showed a yield advantage with a higher seeding rate.

Knight said some of the factors that seem to play a role in making a hybrid that performs best at high populations include uniform emergence and consistency of ear fill. Precise nitrogen placement, both timing and location, has also been key in high-yield attempts.

In 2017, PFR research will include testing hybrids at planting rates from 30,000 to 42,000, Knight said.

As they continue to develop their high population corn system, Stine said they are finding a number of traits are responsible for making a hybrid that performs well at high populations.

Generally, we are seeing shorter plant types with more upright leaves, he said.

On some high-population hybrids, they are beginning to see tassels below top leaves of the plant, he added.

Earlier flowering is also common observation with successful early season hybrids, Stine said.

Read the rest here:
Genetics key with high corn populations - Illinois Farmer Today

Genetics

Why it might be time to reconsider the money spent on genetics research – EconoTimes

March 4, 2017 student

Worldwide, at least US$3 billion is spent every year on genetics research, with half coming from governments. Yet less than 3% of this is spent on research addressing how to incorporate genetics into medical practice, and even less is spent applying genetics to the prevention of disease.

Right now, optimism about the potential of genetics is high. Breakthroughs in genetics are reported with enthusiasm, and genetics research continues to comprise a large proportion of all funded research. Funding is often awarded because researchers claim once we understand the genetic components of a disease like cancer, we will be able to better predict, prevent, and even cure disease. Future cures are often reported long before theyre available.

However, some scientists and medical specialists are starting to question whether the money invested in genetic research is well spent. Are we getting the promised benefits from this investment?

Do people want genetic testing?

Heres an example in which genetic testing applies. Once a person is found to have a hereditary colorectal cancer syndrome, usually after a diagnosis of colorectal cancer, all members of the family can be offered genetic testing for the particular genetic mutation found in the person with cancer.

Family members found positive can then be screened more intensively to prevent future colorectal cancers. Those found not to carry the mutation will not need intensive screening, despite the family history. Research on how this works in practice has found that only about half (56%) of nearly 2,000 eligible family members underwent testing. Those untested were also less likely (compared to those tested) to undergo other forms of screening for colorectal cancer.

We know that for most people who have predictive genetic testing, the process is psychologically beneficial and improves their risk perception. But we know less about the attitudes of people in the community, outside of academic institutions and specialist clinics, who are not having testing. Along with colleagues at the University of Melbourne, I study how genetic testing is received in Australia.

We have previously found only 56% of 862 people offered predictive genetic testing for hereditary colorectal cancer as part of their participation in a research study actually went ahead with a test, and received their results. Earlier, we found similarly low rates of uptake for hereditary breast cancer.

Why dont people want genetic testing?

We recently published the results of a study that explored the reasons these people declined genetic testing.

We interviewed 33 men and women who declined the offer of genetic testing and found they were at one of four stages in the process of declining genetic testing:

1) uninformed

2) weak intention

3) conditionally declining

4) unconditionally declining.

Four were considered uninformed because they had not understood the offer, so were not in a position to make a decision. Nine described a weak intention to have genetic testing. They knew there was a test available, and they understood some aspects of it, but they were putting off going ahead with the test because they were not convinced the benefits would outweigh the risks.

Another nine participants were conditionally declining testing, as they had decided not to pursue testing now, but felt they may change their minds in the future. Their reasons for not wanting testing were either that it wouldnt make much difference, or there would be negative side effects of testing. The latter includes increased worry from a positive result, or concerns it would impact access to life insurance products (premiums could rise or they could be declined cover).

The largest group of 11 participants were unconditional decliners who, unlike the other groups, could not imagine going ahead with genetic testing either now or in the future. While the reasons were similar to the previous groups, they were not open to changing their mind.

So what does this mean for genetic testing?

This research reveals several things first, that community understanding of predictive genetic testing is poor in some groups, and second, the value assigned to this testing is far lower than the hype around genetic discoveries would suggest.

Third, it reveals that significant structural barriers stand in the way of genetic testing, particularly the concern life insurance companies can use genetic test information to refuse cover or adjust premiums.

If genetic tests are going to fulfil their promise of contributing to cancer prevention, they need to be seen as something of value, and they need to reach everybody in the community, not just a select few. There needs to be more effort spent engaging with the intended recipients of new technology, and potential barriers, earlier in the process.

Its foolish to ignore the perceptions, assumptions, and concerns of the very people who are meant to use the technology. Predictive genetic testing for hereditary colorectal cancer is in some ways a straightforward test, with clear consequences for medical management. Yet this testing is far from mainstream or acceptable for the people we spoke to.

Its time to devote more than 3% of funding to translation, to ensure scientific advances in genetics result in improved human health and we get value for the whole society from the money spent on research.

Louise Keogh receives funding from the National Health and Medical Research, Victorian Cancer Agency and the National Institutes of Health

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Original post:
Why it might be time to reconsider the money spent on genetics research - EconoTimes

Genetics

High-quality, profitable beef made possible by genetic tests – Springfield News-Leader

March 4, 2017 medical

David Burton, University of Missouri Extension 6:03 a.m. CT March 4, 2017

David Burton(Photo: Submitted photo)

Using genetic testing helps make quality beef production and farm profits more predictable, according to University of Missouri Extension livestock specialists.

The upcoming Beef Cattle ReproGeneworkshop is designed to help producers take steps in beef cattle reproduction and genetics that go beyond breeding advances taught in the Show-Me-Select Replacement Heifer Program.

Options will be explained in the three-hour session (including a live demonstration), and a meal will be served. The workshop takes place from 4-8:30 p.m.March 16 at the Springfield Livestock Marketing Center.

Registration is required by calling the Lawrence County Extension at 417-499-3102.

Missouri herd owners can learn to produce more profitable cattle with better genetics.

The protocols now used depend on proven genetics of the bulls. EPDs, expected progeny differences, guide improvement.

With genomic testing, all heifers in a herd can be DNA-tested. This provides accurate predictions of future calf performance.

On the reproduction side, Dave Patterson will tell of new research that offers better conception rates from artificial insemination (AI). Split-time AI gets more cows pregnant. Also coming is the use of sex-sorted semen, which makes it possible to set the sex before insemination.

DNA samples can come from blood drawn from a calfs ear or the root bulb from tail hair. Many producers use convenient tissue sampling units that take a punch from the ear.

New technology allows breeding higher-value animals, selecting traits that improve pregnancy rates and carry-through to final product at the packing plant.

A series of workshops dealing with the direct marketing of farm products is planned for the Missouri State University Fruit Experiment Station, 9740 Red Spring Road, Mountain Grove, beginning on March 17.

The workshops are designed to assist producers of agriculture products as they work to add direct marketing to their farm business plan.

Session 1: March 17, 1p.m.is titled, Getting Started Planning the Business and Developing a Marketing Strategy.

Session 2: April 19, 1p.m.is titled, Direct Marketing Animal Products Rules, Regulations & Practical Tips. Also, Personal Experiences with Direct Marketing Beef, Lamb, and Pork, will be presented that same day.

Session 3: June 8, 2017, 5p.m.is titled, Direct Marketing Produce.

There are three options for attending this series.Producers interested in marketing animal products can enroll in sessions 1 and 2 for a fee of $20.Those interested in marketing horticultural products can enroll in sessions 1 and 3 for $20.Anyone who would like to attend all three workshops may do so for $25.

To reserve a seat in the series, call Wright County MU Extension at 417-547-7545.

David Burton, civic communication specialist for University of Missouri Extension, 2400 S. Scenic Ave., Springfield, MO 65807, can be reached at 881-8909 or burtond@missouri.edu.

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High-quality, profitable beef made possible by genetic tests - Springfield News-Leader

Biochemistry

International Conference and Exhibition on Biochemistry – Technology Networks

March 4, 2017 student

We are pleased to welcome all the interested participants to International Conference and Exhibition on Biochemistry during November 02-03, 2017 at Chicago, Illinois, USA. Biochemistry Conference 2017 welcomes all the members form universities, clinical examination foundations and organizations, biochemists, scientists, researchers, academicians, entrepreneurs, research scholars and delegates from biochemistry labs, industries and healthcare sectors to be a part of the conference to share their knowledge on all parts of this rapidly expanded field and then, by providing a showcase of the research in the field on Biochemistry.

The conference focuses on the theme "Biochemistry Rethink Rebuild Reclaim".

Biochemistry Conference 2017 aims to provide scientific platform for face to face exchange of knowledge and ideas across the Biochemistry. The conference is designed to give knowledge, ideas and to think out of the box. The aim of the conference is to promote research in the field of Biochemistry with another goal to facilitate exchange of new ideas in these fields and to create a dialogue between scientists, practitioners and biochemists.

For more details, please visit: http://biochemistry.alliedacademies.com/

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International Conference and Exhibition on Biochemistry - Technology Networks

Immunology

Immunology and Infectious Diseases Journal Club – Gazette

March 4, 2017 medical

Immunology and Infectious Diseases Journal Club

Thursday, March 2, 12-1:30 p.m.

Computer Lab B, Health Sciences Centre

Development of rapid and high throughput human 293T cell and yeast-based systems for expression and purification of AID/APOBECs, presented by Faezeh Borzooee, M.Sc. candidate.

Presented by Division of BioMedical Sciences

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Immunology and Infectious Diseases Journal Club - Gazette

Genetics

KDA seeks participants for beef genetics trade mission – La Junta Tribune Democrat

March 4, 2017 medical

The Kansas Department of Agriculture is seeking individuals to participate in a beef genetics trade mission to Costa Rica on April 23-27, 2017.

The Kansas Department of Agriculture is seeking individuals to participate in a beef genetics trade mission to Costa Rica on April 23-27, 2017. In an effort to increase market opportunities for U.S. and Kansas beef genetics, this program provides an opportunity for Kansas purebred beef cattle producers and allied industry to continue developing relationships with livestock producers in Costa Rica. KDA strives to encourage and enhance economic growth of the agriculture industry and the Kansas economy by exploring and expanding both domestic and international marketing opportunities.

Attendees will participate in a field day showcasing calves sired by U.S. Red Angus and Charolais bulls crossed with local Costa Rican Brahman dams in an effort to demonstrate the advantages of heterosis in a tropical climate. Initial data from this project supports the use of U.S. genetics. Attendees will also visit a local research university implementing projects utilizing U.S. beef genetics. Additional opportunities to engage with potential buyers of beef semen and embryos and visit Costa Rican ranches will be arranged as part of the mission. Kansas ranchers and related agribusinesses specializing in producing germplasm qualified for export are invited to participate.

This trade mission is funded in part by the U.S. Livestock Genetics Export, Inc. Selected participants will be eligible for travel stipends for airfare depending upon number of applicants and fund availability. Participants will be responsible for the cost of hotels, meals and other incidental expenses.

Individuals interested in participating should complete the application form available on the KDA website at http://www.agriculture.ks.gov/international. The application deadline is Monday, March 6, 2017.

For more information, please contact KDA agribusiness development coordinator Billy Brown at billy.brown@ks.gov or 785-564-6752.

From the Land of Kansas and Farmers Market Event Registration Opens

The From the Land of Kansas Annual Meeting and Farmers Market Conference will be held March 16-17, 2017, in Manhattan. The conference includes the annual meeting for members, partners and farmers markets. It will feature general sessions, specialized workshops and a wholesale trade show for all attendees. This years theme, Focus on our Future, embraces how members from the trademark program and farmers market groups can learn to make their companies and programs more successful.

The annual meeting is an opportunity to network with other Kansas entrepreneurs in the ag industry, said Jackie McClaskey, Kansas Secretary of Agriculture. In addition, sessions will cover a diversity of topics and presentations by experts in the industry for continued learning and growth.

The keynote speaker will be Jon Schallert, destination business expert, whose presentation will focus on reinventing businesses into consumer destinations. Participants in the conference and trade show also will be able to hear from other experts in the agriculture, marketing and food industries. Topics which will be featured in sessions and workshops include:

Small business marketing

Successfully coordinating, managing and sustaining a farmers market

Food industry updates

To register or learn more about the conference, visit FromtheLandofKansas.com/AMeeting. This event is sponsored by Network Kansas; Kansas Department of Wildlife, Parks and Tourism; Hy-Vee; Kansas Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Alternative Crops; Manhattan Area Chamber of Commerce Economic Development; Kansas Association of Conservation Districts; Marion County Economic Development; Visit Manhattan; and Pottawatomie County Economic Development.

From the Land of Kansas is the states agriculture trademark program in the Kansas Department of Agriculture. The program works to promote and support Kansas farmers, ranchers and agribusinesses that grow, raise or manufacture agriculture products or products for agriculture use. KDA is committed to its mission to help make Kansas businesses more successful, grow rural communities and expand markets for Kansas agricultural products.

If you have questions, please contact Janelle Dobbins, From the Land of Kansas marketing manager, at 785-564-6759 or Janelle.Dobbins@ks.gov. To learn more about From the Land of Kansas, become a From the Land of Kansas member, or find local Kansas food, products or services, visit FromtheLandofKansas.com.

Genetics

Immunomedics plans to sue venBio to preserve Seattle Genetics deal for IMMU-132 – Seeking Alpha

March 4, 2017 student

In a statement, Immunomedics (IMMU -1.4%) says that if shareholder venBio takes control of the board after today's vote at the annual meeting, it "intends to seek expedited discovery and and an expedited trial" with respect to a 'multitude of illegal and ethically questionable actions" employed by venBio to "deceive other stockholders into voting for its slate."

The heart of the dispute is the company's exclusive licensing deal with Seattle Genetics (SGEN +1.2%) for cancer candidate IMMU-132, inked about a month ago. VenBio believes the terms of the agreement are too generous and wants Immunomedics to develop the product in-house.

Yesterday, a federal court denied the company's motion for emergency relief saying, "[s]hould the Annual Meeting go forward and the venBio nominees replace the current Board, and should [Immunomedics] subsequently prove the election results were tainted, the Court can exercise its equitable power to void the results of the Annual Meeting (should such action be warranted based on a full record)."

Previously: Immunomedics sues venBio in attempt to thwart takeover of board (Feb. 21)

Excerpt from:
Immunomedics plans to sue venBio to preserve Seattle Genetics deal for IMMU-132 - Seeking Alpha

Genetics

Genetics key with high corn populations – Iowa Farmer Today