Monthly Archives: February 2017

Anatomy

Grey’s Anatomy Just Isn’t the Same With Eliza Minnick on Board – Cosmopolitan.com

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OK, after last night's Grey's Anatomy, I'm even more on the side of the attendings who oppose Eliza Minnick. Apparently, under her method, NONE OF THEM WILL EVER GET TO DO SURGERY EVER AGAIN. Seriously. It's another episode of Stephanie and Jo and Ben doing actual procedures while the actual, trained surgeons stand around and give instructions and look concerned. I'm annoyed about this from the perspective of someone who is overly invested in the training procedures of a fictitious hospital, and that's on me. But I'm also annoyed about it as a viewer, in part because it seems like the past few episodes have all followed the formula of: Eliza insists on her method/attendings object/surgery proceeds regardless/everyone grumbles/patient lives or dies. The biggest problem from a storytelling perspective is that I see Eliza's method is different, but I don't see that it's necessarily an improvement. And if you're going to get me off of Team Webber, you're going to have to do better than that.

Anyway.

This week, Ben, Stephanie, and Jo are working on a mother-to-son kidney transplant. The first bump in the road comes when the boy's estranged, abusive father turns up at the hospital. Once Jo learns about the abuse, she's immediately (and understandably) traumatized, and tries to get Owen to kick him out of the hospital. The father gets in her face more than once, and it seems like it's foreshadowing some big development in Jo's storyline her abusive ex returning? Her opening up more to Alex about her past?

After the kidney is removed from the mother, her other kidney fails, leaving just one functional kidney between the two of them. Everyone goes into a tailspin trying to figure out who the kidney "belongs" to. April's in charge because Bailey's away from the hospital (more on that soon), and because April is really, really bad at deciding things, everyone just stands around and wrings their hands for a while. Then, the boy's father steps forward and says he'll donate the kidney, which sets off another round of handwringing. Jo, in particular, is worried he'll use his status of "heroic organ donor" to try to ingratiate himself back into the family. So she goes into the OR just as he's about to be put under, and basically begs him to do the right thing and disappear after the surgery. Let me just say that I'm pretty sure one of the reasons Bailey thought Webber was failing as residency director was that residents were making emotionally motivated, heart-first decisions. It doesn't seem like Eliza's curbed that yet?

Apparently Jo's successful, because the boy and mother wake up and are informed that the hospital just happened to get a perfect match at the exact right time. They buy it and then Jo winds up crying on Owen's shoulder outside the hospital. It's a sweet moment, but it mostly just makes me wish Jo would talk to Alex and Owen would talk to Amelia. Also, Eliza and Arizona kiss and I am wholly indifferent.

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Meanwhile, a young woman comes into the OR looking disheveled and talking incoherently about snakes. She collapses, and Maggie and Riggs figure out that she has an old pacemaker that needs replacing. Riggs uses the serial number on the pacemaker to identify the young woman, Claire, and locate her parents. (Can we have more storylines where Riggs SOLVES MYSTERIES?) Claire's parents haven't seen her in 12 years, ever since she wandered away from her college apartment. She was gone so long they held a funeral for her. "She has a gravestone," Claire's mother says, baffled, especially because she thinks she was called to the hospital to identify her daughter's body. Because of his past, Riggs takes the whole thing very personally. At this point, I will feel extremely cheated if Riggs's long-lost fiance never emerges from the desert, where she presumably wandered with amnesia for years after her helicopter crash. I don't care how unrealistic that is, I AM OWED IT.

Claire is diagnosed with schizophrenia and given medication. Shortly after, she emerges far enough from her altered state to identify her parents. It's a nice little story, and there are parts of it that are very accurate, but it's definitely Hollywooded up. I wish there were more television about the mundane nature of mental illness, because the reality of it isn't the heightened drama of hallucinated snakes and reunited families and medications that work in an instant. Sometimes it's years trying to get the right diagnosis, months trying to figure out the right combination of medications. Or it's a quiet descent into psychological chaos, not an immediate, easily identifiable break. But it's mostly just an everyday effort that sometimes feels like second nature and sometimes feels like a terrible slog. I can see why Grey's why any media, really wants to frame mental illness as something that dramatically emerges and tidily recedes. And I value storylines that show that severe mental illness is treatable, and can and should be treated. But I'd love to see those stories told in a more nuanced way.

Meredith spends a solid portion of the episode FOLDING LAUNDRY, which is aggravating for a million reasons. Bailey comes over to ask her to come back to work, and Meredith says she's not interested in doing so until Richard is reinstated. Bailey flounces, but later Richard comes over himself. Meredith tells him she keeps hearing her mom's voice in her head saying, "Meredith. It's Richard." But he tells her to go get her job, and she picks up the phone to call Bailey. So at least one thing is as it should be.

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Grey's Anatomy Just Isn't the Same With Eliza Minnick on Board - Cosmopolitan.com

Anatomy

Medical school brings a virtual touch to anatomy studies – mySanAntonio.com

ADVANCE FOR WEEKEND EDITIONS - In this Thursday, Feb. 9, 2017, photo, Dr. Jeffrey Fahl, chair of the anatomy department at UNLV, shows the Review-Journal how a virtual anatomy table works at UNLV's School of Medicine in Las Vegas. (Rachel Aston/Las Vegas Review-Journal via AP) less ADVANCE FOR WEEKEND EDITIONS - In this Thursday, Feb. 9, 2017, photo, Dr. Jeffrey Fahl, chair of the anatomy department at UNLV, shows the Review-Journal how a virtual anatomy table works at UNLV's School of ... more Photo: Rachel Aston, AP ADVANCE FOR WEEKEND EDITIONS - In this Thursday, Feb. 9, 2017, photo, Dr. Jeffrey Fahl, chair of the anatomy department at UNLV, shows the Review-Journal how a virtual anatomy table works at UNLV's School of Medicine in Las Vegas. (Rachel Aston/Las Vegas Review-Journal via AP) less ADVANCE FOR WEEKEND EDITIONS - In this Thursday, Feb. 9, 2017, photo, Dr. Jeffrey Fahl, chair of the anatomy department at UNLV, shows the Review-Journal how a virtual anatomy table works at UNLV's School of ... more Photo: Rachel Aston, AP ADVANCE FOR WEEKEND EDITIONS - In this Thursday, Feb. 9, 2017, photo, Dr. Jeffrey Fahl, chair of the anatomy department at UNLV, shows the Review-Journal how a virtual anatomy table works at UNLV's School of Medicine in Las Vegas. (Rachel Aston/Las Vegas Review-Journal via AP) less ADVANCE FOR WEEKEND EDITIONS - In this Thursday, Feb. 9, 2017, photo, Dr. Jeffrey Fahl, chair of the anatomy department at UNLV, shows the Review-Journal how a virtual anatomy table works at UNLV's School of ... more Photo: Rachel Aston, AP

Medical school brings a virtual touch to anatomy studies

LAS VEGAS (AP) Dr. Neil Haycocks twists and turns the 3-D image to review the head and neck CT scan from a variety of angles.

Even without being a doctor, it's easy to tell from the clear, virtual image that the man has suffered a serious injury.

"I don't know exactly what happened to this person, but my guess is that they were struck with some sort of blunt object," Haycocks said as he pointed out a fractured mandible and a depressed bone.

As he sliced through the patient's skull to further examine his injuries, Haycocks demonstrated a crucial benefit to the virtual anatomy tables at University of Nevada Las Vegas's new School of Medicine the ability to examine a patient without destroying vital organs.

With a touch of a button, the skull was whole again.

The touchscreen tables, which replace cadavers that would be found in a traditional anatomy lab, are just one example of the innovative curriculum the first class of 60 students will encounter when they set foot in the school on July 17.

THE BACKBONE

UNLV won't be the first school to use anatomy tables, reported the Las Vegas Review-Journal (http://bit.ly/2kIQvIS).

But it's the school's commitment to teaching the subject that sets it apart, according to Dr. Ellen Cosgrove, vice dean for academic affairs and education.

"We've decided to make the virtual anatomy the backbone and the framework of our anatomy instruction," she said.

Haycocks, who learned human anatomy in a traditional lab, said cadaver dissection is limited in its educational benefits.

"You spend hours cutting through tissues, trying to find this or that," Haycocks said. "Sometimes it's well preserved, and sometimes it isn't. Sometimes you accidentally destroy whatever it is you're looking for, and sometimes you're just lost you never find out what's going on. It's a very lengthy and time consuming process."

Haycocks previously taught at a college where he oversaw a cadaver lab. He said that he loved working with the students and seeing their reactions as they cut open a human body.

"That's enjoyable for me at least, but it's really inefficient," he said.

The technology can display images of the body from a variety of perspectives and angles, including 2-D cross-section and 3-D rotation.

With a slight tap, Haycocks lit up the screen with millions of tiny blue channels, illustrating a patient's veins.

And in terms of instruction, virtual anatomy is beneficial because everyone gets the same information. It's also less time consuming and costs much less than a traditional cadaver lab, which runs upward of $10 million.

"If you talk to most people who teach anatomy nowadays, they would agree, perhaps grudgingly, that in well under 100 years, nobody is going to cadaver dissection anymore," Haycocks said.

COMBATING INERTIA

Haycocks sees several benefits from a curriculum standpoint, but he also points out a few flaws to the system.

"For me, the main disadvantage is that you don't have that first patient experience with a real human body," he said.

Given that a first patient often resonates with students, others in the medical community might also question the virtual anatomy approach.

"A lot of education in general, and medical education in particular, there's a lot of inertia," Haycocks said. "Things have been done a certain way for the last 150 years, and by God, the faculty had to do it a certain way so they're going to make the students do it a certain way."

Haycocks said a fourth-year elective is in the works that would give students the opportunity to learn at a month-long boot camp to become an autopsy technician.

"If you want to practice cutting human tissue without any of the rules of surgery, it's hard to beat someone who died the day before," Haycocks said.

Cosgrove said it might take a student in a traditional lab an hour of dissection to view a particular nerve and what path it takes.

At UNLV, students will be able to go through several virtual anatomy stations that have specific learning objectives with problems for them to solve.

"At the end of the two hours, you emerge from that experience with a wealth of information," she said.

___

Information from: Las Vegas Review-Journal, http://www.lvrj.com

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Medical school brings a virtual touch to anatomy studies - mySanAntonio.com

Anatomy

The anatomy of a sectional upset – nwitimes.com

Brandon Grubl was frustrated when his friends from the Porter County Conference spoke with him on March 5, 2011.

The slight was used as fuel before he boarded a bus in route to a very big stage.

His basketball buddies told him what almost everyone in the Region and the state of Indiana had already concluded.

Grubl's Morgan Township team had no chance in its sectional championship game at Bowman Academy.

"All my friends said they were going to the Merrillville-Valpo game instead," Grubl remembered on Wednesday night. "Nobody believed in us."

In 2009, Bowman beat the Cherokees 82-66 to win the championship. In 2010 it was 98-70, as the Eagles cut down the nets and went on to win the Class A state championship.

Morgan coach Matt Bush gathered his underdogs in the hallway and said one thing to his team.

"If you don't think we have a shot in this game, then walk out now."

Grubl went out and scored 22 points as his Cherokees shocked Bowman 53-49, in one of the Region's biggest sectional upsets.

Considering that the Eagles returned to state championship games the following three Marches is proof of this David vs. Goliath tale.

"A few of us, the vets, felt like we had a shot," Grubl said. "We knew we had to keep it close in the beginning, and if we did that, we'd beat them in the end. We knew all the pressure was on them.

"We were playing with house money."

As the 107th IHSAA boys basketball tournament tips off on Tuesday, one thing is certain.

"There will be upsets all over the state," E.C. Central coach Pete Trgovich said. "It happens every year."

Trgovich won a state title at E.C. Washington in 1971, when his Senators were the heavy favorites in every game. But when he led the Cardinals to the 2007 Class 4A state championship over Indianapolis North Central, E.C. was a heavy underdog.

In Trgovich's last three seasons as the Cards coach -- 2006, '07 and '16 -- his team has cut down the nets at the sectional.

"You have to prepare for anybody and everyone," Trgovich said. "You have to understand the regular season doesn't mean anything. There is a difference. A lot of people say we got a good draw because we got the bye.

"But I'd rather be playing. I also don't like having seven days off."

E.C. Central (13-9) will play the winner of the Morton (13-9) and Highland (9-13) winner. If the Cards get past the semifinal, they'll be in the championship on their home court.

"We can't play down to our competition," said E.C. senior Jermaine Couisnard, who carries a 27.5 scoring average into the tournament. "We have to go out there and play one game at a time. We can't worry about a game we don't have, just the next one."

That was the philosophy Tom Johnson's 1998 Crown Point Bulldogs team had. C.P. entered the tournament with seven losses. Few thought they had a shot at anything.

And in such a scenario history can be made.

"We had a group of kids who believed," said Johnson, now coaching at Greater South Shore Conference co-champion Wheeler. "No one picked us to do anything.

"So it became an 'us against the world' mentality in our locker room."

Crown Point upset Merrillville 60-49 to win the program's first sectional championship since 1986. As they prepared to play a Hammond team with four Division I players in the old one-game regional, something happened.

"The blizzard hit after we won," Johnson said. "The roads were impassable and we only missed one day of practice. Our parents found 4 by 4s and were going around picking up kids to get them to the gym."

Crown Point shocked the Wildcats 61-56. Then, played toe-to-toe with Zach Randolph's Marion team in the semistate before falling 76-63.

"Those were the most competitive kids I've ever coached," Johnson said. "They hated to lose more than they liked winning."

Clint Swan now coaches the Bulldogs, a similar group trying to make history and win the program's third straight sectional championship. The teams in the Class 4A Michigan City Sectional have a combined 100 wins.

It is, without question, one of Indiana's toughest sectional. And for the first time in the last three seasons the Bulldogs are the favorites, getting a draw that has Valparaiso, Michigan City and Merrillville all on the other side.

"If one team is an overwhelming favorite, which we're not, they can't get caught looking ahead," Swan said. "You can't ever take any night off. This group has kept it simple. It's always, 'The next play. The next practice. The next game.'"

Purdue-bound Sasha Stefanovic knows his team is the favorite for the first time in his career. The Bulldogs snuck up on people in the past. In fact, his half-court shot at the end of regulation allowed C.P. to beat Valpo 59-54 in double overtime in last year's championship game.

"Not really," Stefanovic said when asked if he feels a target on his team's back. "We know everyone is going to give us their best shot. We just have to go there and play our game, play fearless.

"It's the sectional. It's going to be gritty not pretty."

Griffith coach Gary Hayes is in his 16th year as a coach in Indiana, his fifth leading the Panthers. Griffith has won the last two sectionals at the Hammond Civic Center. When he was coaching at Lake Station years ago, winning a sectional was a much tougher task.

"I always thought the hardest game to play is opening night, the first game, if you're the favorite," Hayes said. "Upsets can happen there if your kids aren't ready to go. I've seen it happen."

Griffith will play Hammond in the second game Tuesday night. The Wildcats beat the Panthers earlier in the season.

And for the second March in a row, Valparaiso coach Barak Coolman will have to do just that. The Vikings open against Michigan City on the Wolves home court. If they survive they get Merrillville. And if they survive most believe they'll get C.P.

Coolman won three straight sectionals at Fort Wayne Northrop from 2011 through 2013. He played the favorite in the first game each year, yet his team found a way to sidestep any upsets.

"In the first game everyone's going to have nerves and jitters," Coolman said. "You have seniors thinking it could be their last game. A big part of not getting upset is relaxing and playing your game. Do the things you did in the regular season when you had success.

"There is only one good draw and that's getting a bye all the way into the regional."

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The anatomy of a sectional upset - nwitimes.com

Anatomy

The Anatomy of Anthony Bourdain’s Lovers – Inquirer.net

Anthony Bourdain has reached the point of popularity that people meddle with his personal life. I mean, its not just the food and his commentaries anymore. People like to know and dig deeper. Last year, when Anthony split up with his wife Ottavia after 10 years, people were affected. Especially to find out that the reason behind it was because they just made different choices in lifeOttavia her MMA career and Anthony with his life as a chef, TV show host, and an author.

This time around people are talking about the new woman in Anthony Bourdains lifeAsia Argentowhom he met when he shot last seasons Parts Unknown. Asia toured Anthony on the outskirts of Rome where they visited her local grocery store and ate lots of pasta. And I guess in between takes, they fell in love.

It got us curious though, what is Anthony Bourdains type in women?

His ex-wife Ottavia lived in a small town in Lombardy, Italy while his new girl Asia was born in the city of Rome. Italian women are known to consume copious amounts of carbs and still look good (ha, I wish I lived their lives) and they are also known to be feisty and passionate.

He describes Asia as, always honest, completely unsparing. If you ask Asia a question, you are going to get an answerand she doesnt care if it reflects badly on youor on herself. Shes going to give it to you straight.

Photo courtesy of Daily Mail

After a few dates between Anthony and Ottavia, they already got matching knife tattoos and that was just the beginning. They got more tattoos together like their matching serpent tattoo back in 2011.

Photo courtesy of People

Asia, on the other hand, is rather extensively tattooed as well. She has an eye on her shoulder which she had done at 14, an angel on her abdomen, a very visible (and intricate) Victorian necklace on her chest, the name Panos on her wrist, and so much more.

Just kidding with that description, but both seem to have a history with music. Asia was first married to an Italian rock and roll musician Marco Castoldi. She also delved into music by releasing her own album called Total Enthropy back in 2013.

If youre curious as to how Ottavia made it to the US, she actually flew to New York to follow an Irish rock musician that she was infatuated with. After finding a job at a restaurant, he met Anthony through a common friend, and the rest was history. Wait, Anthony has background in music too, right?

Ottavia and Anthonys dates were mostly in dive bars in the middle of the night where they just drink pints of beer and talk about work. They have so much in common since both worked in the restaurant businesstheyre knowledgeable with food, service, and everything in between.

Photo courtesy of CNN

Asia was Anthonys tour guide, as mentioned earlier, so they bonded over plates of pasta and conversed about so many things. He even said that the episode wont be possible without her.

You might be looking at Asia thinking that youve seen her somewhere. Well, shes been working on a lot of projects but one of the most memorable is her role as Yelena in xXx with Vin Diesel. Does that ring a bell?

Screengrab from xXx

Ottavia is an action star in her own right. When she was trying to get fit after she gave birth, she fell in love with jiu jitsu and started training seven days a week. She is also an MMA fighter. During interviews, Anthony would even say, I married Sophia Loren. She turned into Jean-Claude Van Damme.

Notice all the similarities? Bet you didnt, but at least you know a little bit more about Anthony Bourdain and his taste in women.

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The Anatomy of Anthony Bourdain's Lovers - Inquirer.net

Anatomy

‘Scandal’ & ‘Grey’s Anatomy’ Leading Ladies Welcome ‘Catch’ Star To TGIT In New Shondaland Promo – Deadline

Shondaland leading ladies Kerry Washington and Ellen Pompeo welcome The Catchstar Mireille Enos to ABCs TGIT lineup in a new popcorn and wine-filled promo.

Walking down the street, donning a black trench coat, Enos says, Hope I havent kept you waiting, as she slips into silky pajamas.

Welcome to the party, Washington says to Enos, pouring Olivia Popes drink of choice: red wine.

ABC

The Scandal star and Greys Anatomys Meredith Grey then toast Alice Vaughan making her way to the Shonda Rhimes-created ABC Thursday night schedule. Absent from the group is How To Get Away With Murders Viola Davis as Annalise Keating, who was previously included in anotherpromo with Washington and Pompeo.

Season 2 of The Catch is replacing HTGAWM after its Season 3 two-hour finale airs tonight. Earlier this month, ABC gave early renewals to all its TGIT drama lineup.Greyswas picked up for a 14th season, Scandalfor a seventh and HTGAWM for afourth season.

Season 2 of The Catch premieres Thursday, March 9 at 10 PM on ABC.

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'Scandal' & 'Grey's Anatomy' Leading Ladies Welcome 'Catch' Star To TGIT In New Shondaland Promo - Deadline

Physiology

The physiology of a defeated Shahjahanabad – Livemint

At the end of 1862, the Jama Masjid was handed over to a committee elected by the majority of the Muslim inhabitants, but they were made to sign an agreement which, among other duties, required them to report any use of seditious language. The rules to be enforced in the mosque were also set down by the government, (and) included the clause that European officers and gentlemen civil and military can enter without restriction as to shoes. The Red Fort was now occupied by the army, and lived in by many British officials and their families. Indians could enter only by paying a fee, and were let in to attend the gora bazaars, which were events modelled on the meena bazaars, or womens bazaars, of Mughal times.

The city was slowly rebuilt along new lines. On the northern side of Chandni Chowk, in the place where Jahanaras sarai had stood, the Town Hall was built between 1860-65, out of provincial funds and subscriptions. It was originally known as the Lawrence Institute, after John Lawrence, the Lieutenant Governor of Punjab Province. It housed a chamber of commerce, (a) literary society and museum. In 1866, it was bought over by the municipality and became the Town Hall. The garden north of Chandni Chowk was re-landscaped and renamed Queens Garden. It included a cricket ground, a bandstand, and a menagerie containing various animal species. South of it, in the middle of Chandni Chowk, a clock tower was built. The Mughal-era hammam had been demolished, and where it had stood, was now one end of a new road, officially named Egerton Road, but popularly called Nai Sarak. In the Kotwali Chowk, a new fountain was builtthe phawwara, which in time led to the square being popularly called Phawwara Chowk or fountain chowk. The channel of water that had flowed along the middle of the street was bricked over.

The railways came to Delhi, the first train steaming in on New Years Eve 1867. The railway line was built across the northern half of the city, cutting the city in two. It necessitated the demolition of many houses, the owners of which were compensated with property confiscated after the Revolt. The railways had a positive impact on the trade passing through Delhi. Prosperity increased, at least among the trading class. Between 1868 and 1869, the total tax collected from the bankers, piece goods merchants, grain merchants and traders in food in Delhi district doubled.

That some of the gaiety had returned to the city was noted by a visitor from Calcutta in 1866Bholanath Chander. He visited Shahjahanabad during Diwali, and noted the illumination, and the exhibition of dolls, toys and confectionary and the whole street lighted up by little glass lamps, cherags, and candles. He also remarked that the Mahomedans now fully enjoy the Hindoo festival, though in the mistaken belief that at one time they had not.

While the traders had prospered, the old, mainly Muslim, aristocracy had been impoverished. Many were reduced to manual work, or poorly paid jobs as schoolteachers. Many of them, along with the other poorer population, lived on the fringes of the city along the city wallsMori Gate, Ajmeri Gate, Turkman Gate, Delhi Gate and Khidki Farrashkhana. Former noblewomen were reduced to spinning gota for a subsistence. Famines in the 1860s further compounded the problem by pushing up food prices.

After the revolt, the city had been placed under martial law. In 1861, it came back to civil administration, but under the Punjab Province rather than the North-Western Provinces, to which it had earlier belonged. The municipality, inaugurated in 1863, became an important agency for the civil management of the city. Not surprisingly, the municipal commissioners were mostly members of the mercantile eliteprominent Hindu and Jain merchants, who had supported the British cause during the Revolt. Among the few Muslim members of the municipality was Mirza Illahi Baksh, a member of the royal family, who had covertly helped the British during 1857, and his son. The municipal council was essentially a conservative body with a limited role; through the 1860s, 75 per cent of municipal expenditure was spent on the police.

...

The 1860s-70s was a time when a number of schools, including girls schools, were opened with the efforts of both Hindus and Muslims. The Anglo-Arabic School was set up in 1872, and was housed in Ghaziuddin Madrasa from 1889. The Anglo-Sanskrit School was established in 1869, in a haveli donated by Lala Chunna Mal near Katra Neel in Chandni Chowk and financed by him. The Delhi College had been reduced to the status of a high school after the revolt, which it remained till 1864, when college level classes were started. The college, though it had not recovered from the damage done to its library and laboratories during 1857, still enjoyed a good reputation. It therefore came as a shock when, in 1877, the government announced that the college classes would be shifted to Lahore College.

"An indirect effect of the Durbar was that it drew to Delhi people who would have a long-term effect on the city."-

Ironically this announcement was made in the wake of the Imperial Assemblage, or Durbar of 1877, held in Delhi, by which it was hoped to show the British sovereigns interest in this great Dependency of Her Crown, and Her Royal confidence in the loyalty and affection of the Princes and People of India.

.

For the people of Shahjahanabad, the Durbar had limited meaning. The Durbar site was well outside the city walls. Even during the Viceroys one procession through the city, the streets were lined with soldiers, who effectively insulated the cavalcade from the people. As a concession to the people of Delhi, two mosques, the Zinat-ul-Masajid and the Fatehpuri Masjid, which had been confiscated after the revolt, were reopened for worship. An indirect effect of the Durbar was that it drew to Delhi people who would have a long-term effect on the city. Dayanand Saraswati, the founder of the Hindu reform movement, the Arya Samaj, visited Delhi for the Durbar. As a direct outcome of the visit, a branch of the Samaj was formed here the following year. Around the same time, a branch of the Theosophical Society, a neo-Hindu movement, too, was established.

From the second half of the 1870s, there began a phase of increased sectarian activity and conflict. Active proselytization, based on public preaching at bazaars by Christian missionaries, had been going on since soon after the Revolt. Soon, there was a mushrooming of sectarian organizations. Apart from the new movements such as the Theosophical Society and the Arya Samaj, orthodox Hinduism was represented by the establishment of the headquarters of the Bharat Dharam Mahamandal, and the Sanatan Dharam Sabha in the 1890s.

There was also a host of purely local Hindu bodies that sprang up in the 1880s and 90s, many of which were caste-based. In 1878 a Jain Sabha was set up in Dharampura locality, adjoining Dariba, presumably as a response to the Arya Samaj. Among the Muslims, the Anjuman-e-Islamia, founded in 1875, performed the role of promoting the interests of Muslims.

The negative side of the increasing assertion of religious identity were sectarian riots. These conflicts afflicted the city on several occasions during the 1880s and 90s, and centred around issues such as cow-protection and rival religious processions. The latter included conflict between Jains and Hindus. The issue of proselytization and conversion also caused conflict between Christian missionaries, Muslims, Arya Samajis and Sanatan Hindus.

The constructive outcome of these sectarian movements was the founding of educational institutions. Two among these stand out in particular. St Stephens College was founded in 1881 by the Cambridge Mission. With humble beginnings in a haveli just off Kinari Bazaar, it soon got a new building near Kashmiri Gate. In 1899, Hindu College was established to provide an education on Sanatanist Hindu lines. The college received financial backing from Kishen Das Gurwala, and was set up in Kinari Bazaar. Then Lala Sultan Singh sold some property in Kashmiri Gate to the college, and it came to occupy a spot just across the road from St Stephens.

Despite religious disputes that cropped up from time to time, the people of Delhi were able to overcome their differences in times of greater trouble. The famine of 1898-1900 and the subsequent plague scare brought various communities together, and this solidarity was expressed by Hindus greeting Muslims emerging from the Jama Masjid after Eid, members of the two communities accepting water from each other, and Muslims participating in Holi celebrations.

This is an edited excerpt from the chapter The Revolt And Its Aftermath in Swapna Liddles book Chandni Chowk: The Mughal City Of Old Delhi.

*****

Swapna Liddles Old Delhi secrets

A haveli that hosted Nehrus baraat and the mosque Shah Jahans wife built

Kucha Pati Ram: In a city that has become increasingly commercial in its land use, it is refreshing to see some streets that are still predominantly residential. The houses of this neighbourhood, just off Hauz Qazi, are beautiful, some with richly carved traditional doorways and balconies, others with equally rare though not so old, Art Deco-inspired doorways in terrazzo. In nearby Gali Prem Narayan is the ruined Haksar haveli where the Nehru baraat stayed during the wedding of Jawaharlal and Kamala Nehru.

Fatehpuri Masjid: Few visitors go to Fatehpuri Masjid, commissioned by Fatehpuri begum, one of the wives of Mughal emperor Shah Jahan. After the revolt, it remained closed for 20 years. It was restored for worship in 1877, as a boon of the Delhi Durbar. The spacious courtyard does not have the impo-sing grandeur of the Jama Masjid, but is in a more human, intimate scale. Stepping into it from the bustle of the bazaar outside, one is suddenly in an oasis of peace. The attached public library is an added attraction for those wanting to research the history of the city and more.

First Published: Fri, Feb 17 2017. 02 27 PM IST

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The physiology of a defeated Shahjahanabad - Livemint

Physiology

Human Anatomy Coloring Study Muscular System Physiology Learning Book Launched – MENAFN.COM

(MENAFN Editorial) A new human body coloring book has launched, aimed at those in the medical field or working with the human body on a professional or educational basis. Students who have to take anatomy and physiology tests will know that the muscular system is one of the most difficult sections to learn, and it's because of this that the new coloring book has been launched.

More information can be found at: https://youtube.com/watch?v=5Wr32A1oJB0.

One of the things that makes the anatomy and physiology test so hard is that people have to learn the location and names of between 640 to 850 muscles in the human body. Using the new coloring book, customers can master the muscular and benefit from realistic medical anatomy.

The realism behind the drawings in the book can help the reader to master the muscular system while they are enjoying coloring the different detailed sections of the human body. Once the drawings have been colored in, they can then be compared with the labeled version, which is also available to color.

This meansthat people using the coloring book can learn the human anatomy and physiology of the body while coloring to boost their knowledge and gain a better understanding of the muscular system.

Because each customer will spend a while on each section of the human body, the repetitive and methodical nature of coloring in the book helps to promote learning and allow the names and muscles to stick in the mind.

Coloring will improve the study ability of each customer, as well as helping to improve reference recall by fixating the anatomical images in their mind for easy visual recall later on simply through coloring the body parts in the book.

Through coloring the book, customers can imprint the different shapes and the location of each muscle on their mind, helping them to recall them later on when they need to. This interactive approach means people don't have to spend hours memorizing muscles on their own.

Full details can be found by visiting the URL above.

MENAFN2002201700703206ID1095256480

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Human Anatomy Coloring Study Muscular System Physiology Learning Book Launched - MENAFN.COM

Neuroscience

Behavioral neuroscience – Wikipedia

Behavioral neuroscience, also known as biological psychology,[1]biopsychology, or psychobiology[2] is the application of the principles of biology to the study of physiological, genetic, and developmental mechanisms of behavior in humans and other animals. [3]

Behavioral neuroscience as a scientific discipline emerged from a variety of scientific and philosophical traditions in the 18th and 19th centuries. In philosophy, people like Ren Descartes proposed physical models to explain animal and human behavior. Descartes, for example, suggested that the pineal gland, a midline unpaired structure in the brain of many organisms, was the point of contact between mind and body. Descartes also elaborated on a theory in which the pneumatics of bodily fluids could explain reflexes and other motor behavior. This theory was inspired by moving statues in a garden in Paris.[4]

Other philosophers also helped give birth to psychology. One of the earliest textbooks in the new field, The Principles of Psychology by William James, argues that the scientific study of psychology should be grounded in an understanding of biology:

Our first conclusion, then, is that a certain amount of brain-physiology must be presupposed or included in Psychology.[5]

The emergence of both psychology and behavioral neuroscience as legitimate sciences can be traced from the emergence of physiology from anatomy, particularly neuroanatomy. Physiologists conducted experiments on living organisms, a practice that was distrusted by the dominant anatomists of the 18th and 19th centuries.[6] The influential work of Claude Bernard, Charles Bell, and William Harvey helped to convince the scientific community that reliable data could be obtained from living subjects.

Even before the 18th and 19th century, behavioral neuroscience was beginning to take form as far back as 1700 B.C.[7] The question that seems to continually arise is what is the connection between the mind and body. The debate is formally referred to as the mind-body problem. There are two major schools of thought that attempt to resolve the mindbody problem; monism and dualism.[4]Plato and Aristotle are two of several philosophers who participated in this debate. Plato believed that the brain was where all mental thought and processes happened.[7] In contrast, Aristotle believed that the brain served the purpose of cooling down the emotions derived from the heart.[4] The mind-body problem was a stepping stone toward attempting to understand the connection between the mind and body.

Another debate arose about was localization of function or functional specialization versus equipotentiality which played a significant role in the development in behavioral neuroscience. As a result of localization of function research, many famous people found within psychology have come to various different conclusions. Wilder Penfield was able to develop a map of the cerebral cortex through studying epileptic patients along with Rassmussen.[4] Research on localization of function has led behavioral neuroscientist to a better understanding of which parts of the brain control behavior. This is best exemplified through the case study of Phineas Gage.

The term "psychobiology" has been used in a variety of contexts, emphasizing the importance of biology, which is the discipline that studies organic, neural and cellular modifications in behavior, plasticity in neuroscience, and biological diseases in all aspects, in addition, biology focuses and analyzes behavior and all the subjects it is concerned about, from a scientific point of view. In this context, psychology helps as a complementary, but important discipline in the neurobiological sciences. The role of psychology in this questions is that of a social tool that backs up the main or strongest biological science. The term "psychobiology" was first used in its modern sense by Knight Dunlap in his book An Outline of Psychobiology (1914).[8] Dunlap also was the founder and editor-in-chief of the journal Psychobiology. In the announcement of that journal, Dunlap writes that the journal will publish research "...bearing on the interconnection of mental and physiological functions", which describes the field of behavioral neuroscience even in its modern sense.[8]

In many cases, humans may serve as experimental subjects in behavioral neuroscience experiments; however, a great deal of the experimental literature in behavioral neuroscience comes from the study of non-human species, most frequently rats, mice, and monkeys. As a result, a critical assumption in behavioral neuroscience is that organisms share biological and behavioral similarities, enough to permit extrapolations across species. This allies behavioral neuroscience closely with comparative psychology, evolutionary psychology, evolutionary biology, and neurobiology. Behavioral neuroscience also has paradigmatic and methodological similarities to neuropsychology, which relies heavily on the study of the behavior of humans with nervous system dysfunction (i.e., a non-experimentally based biological manipulation).

Synonyms for behavioral neuroscience include biopsychology, biological psychology, and psychobiology.[9]Physiological psychology is a subfield of behavioral neuroscience, with an appropriately narrower definition

The distinguishing characteristic of a behavioral neuroscience experiment is that either the independent variable of the experiment is biological, or some dependent variable is biological. In other words, the nervous system of the organism under study is permanently or temporarily altered, or some aspect of the nervous system is measured (usually to be related to a behavioral variable).

Different manipulations have advantages and limitations. Neural tissue destroyed by surgery, electric shock or neurotoxcin is a permanent manipulation and therefore limits follow-up investigation.[23] Most genetic manipulation techniques are also considered permanent.[23] Temporary lesions can be achieved with advanced in genetic manipulations, for example, certain genes can now be switched on and off with diet.[23] Pharmacological manipulations also allow blocking of certain neurotransmitters temporarily as the function returns to its previous state after the drug has been metabolized.[23]

In general, behavioral neuroscientists study similar themes and issues as academic psychologists, though limited by the need to use nonhuman animals. As a result, the bulk of literature in behavioral neuroscience deals with mental processes and behaviors that are shared across different animal models such as:

However, with increasing technical sophistication and with the development of more precise noninvasive methods that can be applied to human subjects, behavioral neuroscientists are beginning to contribute to other classical topic areas of psychology, philosophy, and linguistics, such as:

Behavioral neuroscience has also had a strong history of contributing to the understanding of medical disorders, including those that fall under the purview of clinical psychology and biological psychopathology (also known as abnormal psychology). Although animal models do not exist for all mental illnesses, the field has contributed important therapeutic data on a variety of conditions, including:

Nobel Laureates

The following Nobel Prize winners could reasonably be considered behavioral neuroscientists or neurobiologists. (This list omits winners who were almost exclusively neuroanatomists or neurophysiologists; i.e., those that did not measure behavioral or neurobiological variables.)

Kavli Prize in Neuroscience

Link:
Behavioral neuroscience - Wikipedia

Neuroscience

Neuroscience (PhD) | School of Life Sciences

Two lecture courses constitute the core curriculum in the first year:

NEU 555 Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience (6 credit hours)* *Course is crosslisted with BIO. Neuroscience students need to register for the NEU prefix. Course is only offered in the fall semesters.

NEU 556 Systems Neuroscience (4 credit hours)* *Course is crosslisted with BME. Neuroscience students need to register for the NEU prefix. Course is only offered in the spring semesters.

The core courses are designed for students who already have a background in basic Neuroscience. The course sequence that has two major goals. One is to expose students to advanced, cutting-edge research from all levels of analysis in Neuroscience - that is, from molecular through systems-level processes, including how those processes affect behavioral and cognitive processes. A second goal will be to introduce students to application of basic and practical knowledge in biomedical settings.

The courses consist of modules led by faculty members who specialize in those areas of research. Each module is one to two weeks in length, consisting of both lecture and translational' components. Modules are taught in ASU classrooms and in facilities at ourClinical Partner institutions. In both types of locations, part of each module may consist of tours of laboratories and clinical facilities as well as discussions with clinicians and neurosurgeons. This exposure in particular will help to provide an overview of major interdisciplinary projects that are currently underway at ASU and at the Clinical Partner Institutions. It will also provide an opportunity for students to observe firsthand how team-oriented translational projects can be implemented to help solve problems in biomedicine that have a direct societal impact.

This list of ASU courses is subject to change. Courses may not be available each semester or academic year. New courses are being developed and you are encouraged to propose course and seminar topics to participating faculty.

BIO 598: Neuroscience, Ethics and the Law (3) Meets for 15 weeks (full semester). Instructors: Betsy Grey (Law) and Jason Robert (SOLS)

BIO 611: Current Topics in Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) in Life Sciences (1) Meets for 5 weeks. Instructor: Karin Ellison

Bio 611: Current Topics in Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) in Life Sciences (1) Meets for 15 weeks (full semester). Instructors: Betsy Grey (Law) and Jason Robert (SOLS)

BME 451: Cell Biotechnology Laboratory (4) Mammalian cell culture techniques including mouse embryonic stem cells, the use of biorectors, cell fractionation and digital video imaging.

BME 520: Bioelectric Phenomena (3) Study of the origin, propagation and interactions of bioelectricity in living things; volume conductor problems, mathematical analysis of bioelectric interactions, and uses in medical diagnostics.

BME 521: Neuromuscular Control Systems (3) Overview of sensorimotor brain structures. Application of nonlinear, adaptive, optimal and supervisory control theory to eye-head-hand coordination and locomotion.

BME 524: Fundamentals of Applied Neural Control (3) Fundamental concepts of electrical stimulation and recording in the nervous system with the goal of functional control restoration.

BME 532: Prosthetic and Rehabilitation Engineering (3) Analysis and critical assessment of design and control strategies for state-of-the-art medical devices used in rehabilitation engineering.

BME 551: Movement Biomechanics (3) Mechanics applied to the analysis and modeling of physiological movements. Computational modeling of muscles, tendons, joints, and the skeletal system, with application to sports and rehabilitation.

BME 568: Medical Imaging (3) CT, SPECT, PET and MRI. 3-D in vivo measurements. Instrument design, physiological modeling, clinical protocols, reconstruction algorithms and quantitation issues.

BME 598: ST Integrative Neuroscience (3)

BME 598: ST Research Ethics/Law (2-3)

BIO 451: Cell Biotechnology Laboratory (4) Mammalian cell culture techniques, including mouse embryonic stem cells, the use of bioreactors, cell fractionation, and digital video imaging.

BIO 465: Neurophysiology (3) Detailed treatment of cellular and organismal neurophysiology and nervous system function.

BIO 467: Neurobiology (3) Introduction into basic nervous system anatomy and function.

BIO 508: Scientific Data Presentation (2) Techniques necessary for presentation of scientific data used in journal publications, grant proposals, and visual presentations.

BIO 515: Science, Technology and Public Affairs (3) Explores the political, economic, cultural, and moral foundations of science and technology policy and governance in democratic society.

BIO 550: Advanced Cell Biology (3) Applies contemporary electron microscopic and biochemical/molecular techniques for studying eukaryotic cell functions. Mechanisms of intracellular protein trafficking.

BIO 551: Biomembranes (3) Structure and function of biological membranes, emphasizing synthesis, fluidity, exocytosis, endocytosis, and cell responses to hormones and neurotransmitters.

BIO 591: Responsible conduct of research (3) The class is designed to introduce graduate students to ethical issues in the research environment. Topics will include skills needed for success in graduate school and beyond, ethical issues in data handling, authorship, human genetics, conflict of interest, mentoring, experimental animals and human subjects, and other issues. Faculty facilitators will participate in discussing case studies and students will develop case studies based on their own experiences.

BIO 598: Developmental Neurobiology (6)* *Course prefix will change to NEU 557 beginning Fall 2011 This course is designed to examine the Development of the Nervous System. The class starts with neural induction, birth order, NS system axis formation, then goes to pathfinding, dendritic growth, synaptogenesis. This is followed by synapse elimination and programmed cell death. Finally, excitability homeostasis, neural circuit development, and Rett and Fragile X will be covered as two examples for neurodevelopmental diseases.

BIO 569: Cellular Physiology (3) Emphasizes the molecular basis for cell structure and function.

APM 530: Mathematical Cell Physiology (3) Alternate Fall or Spring Mathematical modeling of dynamical aspects of cell physiology. Diffusion, membrane transport, intracellular calcium channel kinetics, calcium oscillations and waves.

APM 531: Mathematical Neuroscience I (3) Fall Mathematical modeling of electrochemical processes in nerve cells. Dendritic modeling, dendritic spines and synaptic plasticity, bifurcation analysis of excitable membrane models, deterministic and stochastic methods for threshold dynamics and bursting, relaxation oscillations. You should have taken a previous graduate-level PDE course.

APM 532: Mathematical Neuroscience II (3) Spring Mathematical modeling of systems neuroscience. Network dynamics, coupled phase oscillators, central pattern generators, neural coding, learning and memory. You should have taken advanced ordinary differential equations and also taken APM 530 or APM 531 prior to enrolling in this course.

PSY 426: Neuroanatomy (4) fall Structure and function of mammalian brain, including sheep brain dissection (cross-listed with 591).

PSY 425: Biobasis of Behavior (3) spring

PSY 470: Psychopharmacology (3) select semesters

PSY 512: Advanced Learning (3) select semesters

PSY 524: Advanced Physiological Psychology (3) select semesters Contributions of physiological processes and brain function to fundamental behavioral processes.

PSY 528: Sensation and Perception (3) select semesters Principles of sensory and perceptual processes, emphasizing research literature.

PSY 573: Psychopathology (3) - fall Theory and research relating to the contribution of psychological, social, physiological, and genetic factors to the development and persistence of abnormal behavior.

PSY 591: Neuroanatomy (4) fall Structure and function of mammalian brain, including sheep brain dissection (cross-listed with 426).

PSY 591: Neurobiology of Learning and Memory (3)

PSY 591: Neuropsychopharmacology (3) select semesters

PSY 591: Grant Writing and Professional Development (3) select semesters

PSY 624: Clinical Neuroscience (3) select semesters Examines the biological underpinnings of psychological disorders at the molecular, cellular, and system levels (e.g., schizophrenia, depression, anxiety). Lecture, pro-seminar.

PSY 555: Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research (3) select semesters Reviews research techniques. Analyzes lab and field research; applications to specific topics.

SHS 513: Neurophysiology of the Auditory System (3) fall or spring Focuses on the neurophysiology of the normal auditory system and on changes associated with hearing loss. Lecture, discussion, demonstrations. Prerequisite: instructor approval.

SHS 519: Auditory Pathologies and Disorders (3) Familiarizes students with major diseases, pathologies, and disorders of the human auditory system. Lecture, discussion, case studies, demonstrations, field trips, seminar, student.

SHS 520: Otoneurologic Applications in Audiology (3) Advanced otologic, neurologic, and audiologic approaches in the differential diagnosis of peripheral and central disorders of the auditory system. Lecture, lab, discussion, case studies, seminar, student presentations.

SHS 545: Speech Perception by the Hearing Impaired (2) Focuses on the perception of speech by normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners. Lecture, discussion, case studies, seminar, student presentations. Prerequisite: instructor approval.

SHS 555: Cochlear Implants The design and function of implantable neural prostheses for the restoration of hearing in adults and children.

SHS 567: Neural Bases of Communication Disorders (3) Neuroscience and its application to matters of normal and disordered communication.

SHS 575: Aphasia and Related Neurogenic Language Disorders (3)Assessment and treatment of acquired neurolinguistic impairment.

SHS 576: Neuromotor Speech Disorders Neurophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of motor speech disorders; theory and models of normal and disordered speech production.

SHS 581: Right Hemisphere Syndrome, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Dementia (3) Studies the nature, characteristics, and clinical management of cognitive and communicative impairments accompanying right hemisphere damage, TBI, and dementia.

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Neuroscience (PhD) | School of Life Sciences

Neuroscience

3 Simple Ways to Make Yourself Happy Every Day According to Neuroscience – Inc.com

Do you want to be happier? That's a pretty silly question--who doesn't want more happiness? Fortunately, there are simple things we can all do to raise our happiness quotient that are actually supported by scientific research. And even though brain scans show that the happiest person on earth is Tibetan monk Matthieu Ricard, you can do each of these things every day. No need to travel to a remote mountaintop, sit in meditation for hours, or even quit your day job.

UCLA neuroscientist Alex Korb, Psychology Today blogger and author of The Upward Spiral: Using Neuroscience to Reverse the Course of Depression, One Small Change at a Time, has studied many of the ways we can gently tweak our attitudes, outlooks, and behaviors to bring more happiness into our lives. Here are some of his top recommendations:

There's plenty of scientific evidence to support the notion that being grateful makes us happier. As Korb notes, it increases dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with our reward centers, and also the pleasurable effects of taking drugs. In other words, feeling grateful gives you a natural high. Not only that, feelings of gratitude increase your serotonin levels, which is what antidepressants also do. No wonder gratitude is such a mood-booster. And, Korb says, even if you're feeling very down and can't come up with a single thing you're grateful for, the mere act of searching will give you some of these effects by leading you to focus on the good aspects of your life.

My simple approach to daily gratitude is to mentally list three things I'm grateful for before getting out of bed in the morning. That helps set me up for a better mood throughout the day. But any time is a good time for gratitude.

Our brains are hard-wired to pay more attention to negative rather than positive information, and this applies at least as much to our evaluation of ourselves as it does to anything else. But focusing on the things we're proud of has many brain benefits. For one thing, pride is a powerful brain-stimulating emotion, and focusing on happy memories (assuming your accomplishments made you happy) is another way to release serotonin in your brain. And, Korb notes, "Several studies have shown that reflecting on your positive qualities is a type of self-affirmation that actually strengthens your abilities to change bad habits." So focusing on what you've done right might actually help you accomplish more good stuff in the future.

Making a decision, choosing a goal or setting an intention all have a positive effect on the brain, decreasing stress and anxiety and increasing problem-solving ability, according to Korb. And--this will be difficult for some people (including me)--but your brain will benefit most if you make a good-enough decision sooner, rather than wait for the most complete information in order to make the best possible decision.

Research suggests that the ability to make decisions quickly (and then make them right after the fact if need be) is one of the ways entrepreneurs' brains differ from everyone else's. And, according to Korb, making a good-enough decision activates a part of the pre-frontal cortex that makes you feel more in control. And choosing to do something you want to do will not only make you happier. Research shows that the mere act of having chosen will make you enjoy whatever you choose more. In other words, choose what you love and you'll love what you choose.

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3 Simple Ways to Make Yourself Happy Every Day According to Neuroscience - Inc.com